LitCovid-sentences  

PMC:7212965 / 54707-98552 JSONTXT 10 Projects

Annnotations TAB TSV DIC JSON TextAE

Id Subject Object Predicate Lexical cue
T359 0-44 Sentence denotes Supplement Figure 1 PRISMA 2009 Flow Diagram
T360 45-124 Sentence denotes Supplementary Figure 2 The matrix used in the selection of the Chinese studies.
T361 125-159 Sentence denotes The X-axis represents the studies.
T362 160-217 Sentence denotes The Y axis represent the hospitals included in the study.
T363 218-286 Sentence denotes The size of the bubble reflects the number of patients in the study.
T364 287-476 Sentence denotes Two studies by Guan et al101,102 were not included in the plot as they included patients from more than 500 hospitals from 30 or more provinces without providing the names of the hospitals.
T365 477-604 Sentence denotes Supplementary Figure 3 Forest plot of the prevalence of diarrhea in all admitted patients regardless of the timing of diarrhea.
T366 605-754 Sentence denotes Supplementary Figure 4 Forest plot of the prevalence of diarrhea as one of the initial symptoms in all patients regardless of hospitalization status.
T367 755-876 Sentence denotes Supplementary Figure 5 Forest plot of the prevalence of diarrhea as one of the initial symptoms in all admitted patients.
T368 877-994 Sentence denotes Supplementary Figure 6 Forest plot of the prevalence of diarrhea in outpatients regardless of the timing of diarrhea.
T369 995-1151 Sentence denotes Supplementary Figure 7 Forest plot of the prevalence of nausea/vomiting as one of the initial symptoms in all patients regardless of hospitalization status.
T370 1152-1307 Sentence denotes Supplementary Figure 8 Forest plot of the prevalence of abdominal pain as one of the initial symptoms in all patients regardless of hospitalization status.
T371 1308-1377 Sentence denotes Supplementary Figure 9 Forest plot of the prevalence of elevated AST.
T372 1378-1448 Sentence denotes Supplementary Figure 10 Forest plot of the prevalence of elevated ALT.
T373 1449-1531 Sentence denotes Supplementary Figure 11 Forest plot of the prevalence of elevated total bilirubin.
T374 1532-1581 Sentence denotes Supplementary Table 1 Summary of Included Studies
T375 1582-1681 Sentence denotes Study characteristics Patient characteristics Gastrointestinal manifestations Liver Manifestationsa
T376 1682-1703 Sentence denotes Hubei Province, China
T377 1704-1747 Sentence denotes  Luo, 202050Zhongnan Hospital (Wuhan)Dates:
T378 1748-1805 Sentence denotes 01/01/2020-02/20/2020Last follow-up: NR n = 1141Survival:
T379 1806-1851 Sentence denotes 3.8% (7/183) death, 96.2% recoveredInclusion:
T380 1852-1898 Sentence denotes Inpatients with COVID-19 (throat swab RT-PCR).
T381 1899-1930 Sentence denotes All patients received chest CT.
T382 1931-2023 Sentence denotes Details only provided for the 183 patients with GI symptoms.Age: m 53.8 y (183 patients)Sex:
T383 2024-2102 Sentence denotes 44.3% (81/183) femalesGI/liver comorbidities: NRDisease severity: NR Diarrhea:
T384 2103-2151 Sentence denotes 6.0% (n = 68)Present on admissionAbdominal pain:
T385 2152-2192 Sentence denotes 3.9% (n = 45)Present on admissionNausea:
T386 2193-2237 Sentence denotes 11.7% (n = 134)Present on admissionVomiting:
T387 2238-2289 Sentence denotes 10.4% (119)Present on admissionNausea and vomiting:
T388 2290-2438 Sentence denotes 3.2% (n = 37)Present on admission183 patients presented with GI symptoms only (diarrhea, abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, and/or loss of appetite).
T389 2439-2544 Sentence denotes 96% of them had lung lesions on chest CT AST (183 patients) m 65.8 ± 12.7ALT (183 patients) m 66.4 ± 13.2
T390 2545-2590 Sentence denotes  Zhou, 202020Jinyintan Hospital (Wuhan)Dates:
T391 2591-2627 Sentence denotes 12/29/2019-01/31/2020Last follow-up:
T392 2628-2655 Sentence denotes 01/31/2020 n = 191Survival:
T393 2656-2695 Sentence denotes 28.3% death, 71.8% dischargedInclusion:
T394 2696-2773 Sentence denotes Inpatients with COVID-19 (confirmed with RT-PCR) who died or were discharged.
T395 2774-2824 Sentence denotes Patients without key information excluded (9).Age:
T396 2825-2850 Sentence denotes M 56 y (IQR, 46–67 y)Sex:
T397 2851-2907 Sentence denotes 37.7% femalesGI/liver comorbidities: NRDisease severity:
T398 2908-2928 Sentence denotes General 28%, severe:
T399 2929-2956 Sentence denotes 35%, critical 28% Diarrhea:
T400 2957-3028 Sentence denotes 4.7% (9/191)Present on admission2 died and 7 dischargedNausea/vomiting:
T401 3029-3118 Sentence denotes 3.7% (7/191)Present on admission3 died and 4 dischargedAbdominal pain: NR AST: NRALT >40:
T402 3119-3177 Sentence denotes 31.2% (59/189)26 died and 33 dischargedTotal bilirubin: NR
T403 3178-3201 Sentence denotes  Zhang, 202023Wuhan No.
T404 3202-3226 Sentence denotes 7 Hospital (Wuhan)Dates:
T405 3227-3295 Sentence denotes 1/16/2020-02/03/2020Last follow-up: NR n = 140Survival: NRInclusion:
T406 3296-3380 Sentence denotes Inpatient with COVID-19 (pharyngeal swab PCR) based on symptoms and chest x-ray.Age:
T407 3381-3406 Sentence denotes 57 y (range, 25–87 y)Sex:
T408 3407-3443 Sentence denotes 49.3% femalesGI/liver comorbidities:
T409 3444-3694 Sentence denotes 5.7% fatty liver and abnormal liver function, 5.0% chronic gastritis and gastric ulcer, 4.3% cholelithiasis, 6.4% cholecystectomy 5.0% appendectomy, 0.7% hemorrhoidectomy, 4.3% tumor surgeryDisease severity: severe 41.4% and nonsevere 58.6% Diarrhea:
T410 3695-3778 Sentence denotes 12.9% (18/139)Present on admission9/82 nonsevere cases and 9/57 severe casesNausea:
T411 3779-3865 Sentence denotes 17.3% (24/139)Present on admission19/82 nonsevere cases and 5/57 severe casesVomiting:
T412 3866-4038 Sentence denotes 5.0% (7/139)Present on admission5/82 nonsevere cases and 2/57 severe casesBelching 5.0% (7/139)Present on admission4/82 nonsevere cases and 3/57 severe casesAbdominal pain:
T413 4039-4239 Sentence denotes 5.8% (8/139)Present on admission2/82 nonsevere cases and 6/57 severe casesOther pathogens were detected including Mycoplasma pneumoniae in 5, respiratory syncytial virus in 1, Epstein-Barr virus in 1.
T414 4240-4267 Sentence denotes AST, ALT, and bilirubin: NR
T415 4268-4310 Sentence denotes  Chen, 202072Tongji Hospital (Wuhan)Dates:
T416 4311-4347 Sentence denotes 01/13/2020-02/12/2020Last follow-up:
T417 4348-4375 Sentence denotes 02/28/2020 n = 274Survival:
T418 4376-4414 Sentence denotes 52.2% death, 47.8% recoveredInclusion:
T419 4415-4560 Sentence denotes Moderate severity, severe or critically ill COVID-19 patients (throat swab or bronchoalveolar lavage RT-PCR) who were deceased or discharged.Age:
T420 4561-4589 Sentence denotes M 62.0 y (IQR, 44–70 y) sex:
T421 4590-4625 Sentence denotes 37.6% femaleGI/liver comorbidities:
T422 4626-4745 Sentence denotes 4% hepatitis B surface antigen positivity, 1% GI diseasesDisease severity: moderate severity, severe or critically ill.
T423 4746-4755 Sentence denotes Diarrhea:
T424 4756-4834 Sentence denotes 28.1% (n = 77)Present on admission27/113 deceased and 50/161 dischargedNausea:
T425 4835-4913 Sentence denotes 8.8% (n = 24)Present on admission8/113 deceased and 16/161 dischargedVomiting:
T426 4914-4998 Sentence denotes 5.8% (n = 16)Present on admission6/113 deceased and 10/161 dischargedAbdominal pain:
T427 4999-5077 Sentence denotes 6.9% (n = 19)Present on admission6/113 deceased and 13/161 discharged AST >40:
T428 5078-5143 Sentence denotes 30.7% (84)59/113 deceased and 25/161 dischargedM 30 (IQR, 22–46).
T429 5144-5211 Sentence denotes Deceased M 45 (IQR, 31–67) and discharged M 25 (IQR, 20–33)ALT >41:
T430 5212-5277 Sentence denotes 21.9% (60)30/113 deceased and 30/161 dischargedM 23 (IQR, 15–38).
T431 5278-5367 Sentence denotes Deceased M 28 (IQR, 18–47) and discharged M 20 (IQR, 15–32)BilirubinM 0.6 (IQR, 0.4–0.8).
T432 5368-5433 Sentence denotes Deceased M 0.7 (IQR, 0.6–1.0) and discharged M 0.5 (IQR, 0.3–0.7)
T433 5434-5474 Sentence denotes  Xu, 202031Tongji Hospital (Wuhan)Dates:
T434 5475-5543 Sentence denotes 1/15/2020-2/19/2020Last follow-up: NR n = 1324Survival: NRInclusion:
T435 5544-5636 Sentence denotes Outpatient COVID-19 patients presenting to fever clinic, based on PCR.Age: m 48 ± 15.3 ySex:
T436 5637-5693 Sentence denotes 50.8% femalesGI/liver comorbidities: NRDisease severity:
T437 5694-5753 Sentence denotes 95.9% light condition, 3.8% severe, 0.3% critical Diarrhea:
T438 5754-5800 Sentence denotes 2.1% (28)Present on admissionLoss of appetite:
T439 5801-5868 Sentence denotes 4.2%Present on admissionNausea, vomiting, and abdominal pain: NR NR
T440 5869-5910 Sentence denotes  Shi, 202042Renmin Hospital (Wuhan)Dates:
T441 5911-5944 Sentence denotes 1/1/2020-2/10/2020Last follow-up:
T442 5945-5971 Sentence denotes 2/15/2020 n = 645Survival:
T443 5972-6024 Sentence denotes 7.3% death, 5.1% discharged (416 patients)Inclusion:
T444 6025-6078 Sentence denotes Inpatient laboratory-confirmed COVID-19, consecutive.
T445 6079-6148 Sentence denotes Detailed results reported for 416 patients with complete results.Age:
T446 6149-6179 Sentence denotes M 45–64 y (range, 21–95 y)Sex:
T447 6180-6215 Sentence denotes 52.9% femaleGI/liver comorbidities:
T448 6216-6280 Sentence denotes 1% hepatitis B infection (of 416 patients)Severity: NR Diarrhea:
T449 6281-6432 Sentence denotes 4.5% (29)Present on admissionAbdominal pain, nausea, vomiting: NR AST (416 patients)M 30 (IQR, 22–43).ALT (416 patients)M 28 (IQR, 18–46).Bilirubin: NR
T450 6433-6470 Sentence denotes  Han, 202062Wuhan No.1 HospitalDates:
T451 6471-6556 Sentence denotes 1/4/2020-2/3/2020Last follow-up: NR n = 108Survival: NR death, NR recoveredInclusion:
T452 6557-6836 Sentence denotes Inpatients COVID-19 (confirmed by RT-PCR) with mild pneumonia, no history of other lung infection, initial CT performed.Exclusion: CT scans performed as follow-up for COVID-19 pneumonia, or chest CT image quality insufficient for image analysisAge: mean 45 y (range, 21–90 y)Sex:
T453 6837-6873 Sentence denotes 64.8% femalesGI/liver comorbidities:
T454 6874-6917 Sentence denotes Not specifiedDisease severity: NR Diarrhea:
T455 6918-6994 Sentence denotes 14% (15/108)Abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting: NR No laboratory data reported
T456 6995-7034 Sentence denotes  Xu, 202030Union Hospital (Wuhan)Dates:
T457 7035-7069 Sentence denotes 1/25/2020-2/20/2020Last follow-up:
T458 7070-7109 Sentence denotes 2/20/2020 n = 355Survival: NRInclusion:
T459 7110-7166 Sentence denotes Inpatients with COVID-19, confirmed based on RT-PCR.Age:
T460 7167-7225 Sentence denotes 45.1% aged <50 y, 41.7% aged 50–69 y, 13.2% aged ≥70 ySex:
T461 7226-7282 Sentence denotes 45.6% femalesGI/liver comorbidities: NRDisease severity:
T462 7283-7331 Sentence denotes 63.1% mild, 16.9% severe, 20% critical Diarrhea:
T463 7332-7387 Sentence denotes 36.6% (130/355)Abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting NR AST:
T464 7388-7430 Sentence denotes 28.7% (102/355) m 40.8 (range, 10–475)ALT:
T465 7431-7483 Sentence denotes 25.6% (91/355) m 35.0 (range, 1–414)Total bilirubin:
T466 7484-7523 Sentence denotes 18.6% (66/355) m 0.83 (range, 0.1–29.9)
T467 7524-7575 Sentence denotes  Ma, 202049Wuhan Leishenshan Hospital (Wuhan)Dates:
T468 7576-7641 Sentence denotes 3/5/2020-3/18/2020Last follow-up: NR n = 81Survival: NRInclusion:
T469 7642-7709 Sentence denotes Inpatients with COVID-19 (RT-PCR on nasal and pharyngeal swabs)Age:
T470 7710-7739 Sentence denotes M 38 y (IQR, 34.5–42.5 y)Sex:
T471 7740-7792 Sentence denotes 0% femaleGI/liver comorbidities: NRDisease severity:
T472 7793-7847 Sentence denotes 2.5% mild, 86.4% moderate, 8.6% severe, 2.5% critical.
T473 7848-7857 Sentence denotes Diarrhea:
T474 7858-8023 Sentence denotes 7.41% (6/81)Nausea/vomiting: NRAbdominal pain: NR AST/ALT - composite report 31/81 abnormal but no thresholdAST M 23 (IQR, 12–453)ALT M 43 (IQR, 13–799)Bilirubin: NR
T475 8024-8100 Sentence denotes  Liu, 202054General Hospital of Central Theater Command of PLA (Wuhan)Dates:
T476 8101-8242 Sentence denotes 2/6/2020 - 2/14/2020Last follow-up: NR n = 153 (85 tested negative but had symptoms, we did not include those patients)Survival: NRInclusion:
T477 8243-8300 Sentence denotes Inpatients with COVID-19 (RT-PCR on pharyngeal swabs)Age:
T478 8301-8396 Sentence denotes M 55 y (IQR, 38.3–65 y)Sex:39.2% femaleGI/liver comorbidities: NRDisease severity: NR Diarrhea:
T479 8397-8437 Sentence denotes 9.2% (14/153)Present on admissionNausea:
T480 8438-8479 Sentence denotes 1.3% (2/153)Present on admissionVomiting:
T481 8480-8525 Sentence denotes 2% (3/153)Present on admissionAbdominal pain:
T482 8526-8586 Sentence denotes 0.4% (1/153)Present on admission AST, ALT, and bilirubin: NR
T483 8587-8642 Sentence denotes  Huang, 202061The Fifth Hospital of Wuhan (Wuhan)Dates:
T484 8643-8677 Sentence denotes 1/21/2020-2/10/2020Last follow-up:
T485 8678-8703 Sentence denotes 2/14/2020 n = 36Survival:
T486 8704-8724 Sentence denotes 100% deathInclusion:
T487 8725-8876 Sentence denotes Inpatients with COVID-19 (RT-PCR)Age: mean 69.22 y (SD 9.64 y; range, 50–90 y)Sex:30.56% femaleGI/liver comorbidities: NRDisease severity: NR Diarrhea:
T488 8877-9076 Sentence denotes 8.33% (3/36)Present on admissionNausea: NRVomiting: NRAbdominal pain: NR AST: >40 58.1% (18/31)M 43 (IQR, 30–51)ALT: >50 13.3% (4/30)M 26 (IQR, 18–38)Bilirubin: >25 12.9% (4/31)M 11.2 (IQR, 7.5–19.2)
T489 9077-9117 Sentence denotes  Mao, 202048Union Hospital (Wuhan)Dates:
T490 9118-9172 Sentence denotes 1/16/2020-2/19/2020Last follow-up: NR n = 214Survival:
T491 9173-9213 Sentence denotes 1 died but not fully reported.Inclusion:
T492 9214-9283 Sentence denotes Inpatients with COVID-19 (RT-PCR from throat)Age: m 52.7 ± 15.5 ySex:
T493 9284-9339 Sentence denotes 59.3% femaleGI/liver comorbidities: NRDisease severity:
T494 9340-9379 Sentence denotes 58.9% nonsevere, 41.1% severe Diarrhea:
T495 9380-9491 Sentence denotes 19.2% (41/214)Present on admissionSevere disease 14.8% (13/88), nonsevere disease 22.2% (28/126)Abdominal pain:
T496 9492-9751 Sentence denotes 4.7% (10/214), not included in the analysisPresent on admissionSevere disease 6.8% (6/88), nonsevere disease 3.2% (4/126)Nausea and vomiting: NR AST 26 (8–8191)Severe 34 (8–8191), non-severe 23 (9–244)ALT 26 (5–1933)Severe 32.5 (5–1933), non-severe 23 (6–261)
T497 9752-9801 Sentence denotes  Ai, 202076Xiangyang No.1 People’s HospitalDates:
T498 9802-9849 Sentence denotes Cross-sectional study 2/9/2020 n = 102Survival:
T499 9850-9910 Sentence denotes 2.9% died, 6.9% survived, 90.2% still hospitalizedInclusion:
T500 9911-9980 Sentence denotes Inpatients with laboratory-confirmed COVID-19Age: m 50.4 ± 16.9 ySex:
T501 9981-10050 Sentence denotes 49.1% femalesGI/liver comorbidities: NRDisease severity: NR Diarrhea:
T502 10051-10132 Sentence denotes 14.3% (15)Present on admissionDiarrhea was the first symptom in 2 patientsNausea:
T503 10133-10170 Sentence denotes 8.8% (9)Present on admissionVomiting:
T504 10171-10214 Sentence denotes 2.0% (2)Present on admissionAbdominal pain:
T505 10215-10252 Sentence denotes 2.9% (3)Present on admission AST >40:
T506 10253-10296 Sentence denotes 25.5% (26/102)Mean 30.59 (SD 15.03)ALT >50:
T507 10297-10350 Sentence denotes 19.6% (20/102)Mean 27.77 (SD 21.13)Total bilirubin NR
T508 10351-10402 Sentence denotes  Liu, 202052Central Hospital of Wuhan (Wuhan)Dates:
T509 10403-10455 Sentence denotes 1/2/2020-2/1/2020Last follow-up: NR n = 109Survival:
T510 10456-10490 Sentence denotes 28.4% died, NR otherwiseInclusion:
T511 10491-10559 Sentence denotes Inpatient with COVID-19 confirmed based on RT-PCR on throat swabAge:
T512 10560-10590 Sentence denotes M 62.5 y (IQR, 47.25–65 y)Sex:
T513 10591-10660 Sentence denotes 33.3% femalesGI/liver comorbidities: NRDisease severity: NR Diarrhea:
T514 10661-10896 Sentence denotes 11% (12)Present on admission6/12 with ARDS and 6/12 with no ARDSNausea, vomiting and abdominal pain: NR AST:M 30 (IQR, 21–40)No ARDS 29 (19–38); ARDS 31 (25–44)ALT:M 23 (IQR, 15–36)No ARDS 23 (14–41); ARDS 24 (16–31)Total bilirubin: NR
T515 10897-10954 Sentence denotes  Shu, 202041Cabin Hospital of Wuhan Stadium (Wuhan)Dates:
T516 10955-11009 Sentence denotes 2/13/2020-2/29/2020Last follow-up: NR n = 545Survival:
T517 11010-11071 Sentence denotes 85.9% discharged, 14.1% still hospitalized, 0% diedInclusion:
T518 11072-11122 Sentence denotes Inpatient with COVID-19 confirmed based on RT-PCR.
T519 11123-11173 Sentence denotes Severe cases requiring transfer were excluded.Age:
T520 11174-11199 Sentence denotes M 50 y (IQR, 38–58 y)Sex:
T521 11200-11236 Sentence denotes 51.2% femalesGI/liver comorbidities:
T522 11237-11277 Sentence denotes 0 chronic liver diseaseDisease severity:
T523 11278-11325 Sentence denotes 2.9% mild, 97.1% moderate, 0 severe (excluded).
T524 11326-11335 Sentence denotes Diarrhea:
T525 11336-11384 Sentence denotes 8.9% (49)Present on admissionNausea or vomiting:
T526 11385-11420 Sentence denotes 0% (0)Present on admission AST >45:
T527 11421-11461 Sentence denotes 6.4% (35)M 32.1 (IQR, 24.5–36.4)ALT >50:
T528 11462-11509 Sentence denotes 7.5% (41)M 34.6 (IQR, 26.2–42.3)Bilirubin >1.2:
T529 11510-11541 Sentence denotes 34.7% (189)M 1.1 (IQR, 0.8–1.3)
T530 11542-11622 Sentence denotes  Wei, 202034Wuhan Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine Hospital (Wuhan)Dates:
T531 11623-11676 Sentence denotes 2/1/2020-2/28/2020Last follow-up: NR n = 100Survival:
T532 11677-11734 Sentence denotes 3% died, 1% discharged, 96% still hospitalized.Inclusion:
T533 11735-11786 Sentence denotes Inpatients with COVID-19 confirmed based on RT-PCR.
T534 11787-11827 Sentence denotes Only mild cases.Age: m 49.1 ± 17.2 ySex:
T535 11828-11862 Sentence denotes 60% femalesGI/liver comorbidities:
T536 11863-11930 Sentence denotes 9% digestive system diseases, 6% chronic gastritisDisease severity:
T537 11931-11941 Sentence denotes 100% mild.
T538 11942-11951 Sentence denotes Diarrhea:
T539 11952-11987 Sentence denotes 2% (2)Present on admissionVomiting:
T540 11988-12028 Sentence denotes 2% (2)Present on admission AST elevated:
T541 12029-12048 Sentence denotes 5 (5%)ALT elevated:
T542 12049-12082 Sentence denotes 17 (17%)Total bilirubin abnormal:
T543 12083-12089 Sentence denotes 0 (0%)
T544 12090-12113 Sentence denotes Other Chinese Provinces
T545 12114-12231 Sentence denotes  Chen, 202073The First Affiliated Hospital of Wanan Medical College (Wuhu)AnhuiDates: NA (Case series) n = 9Survival:
T546 12232-12257 Sentence denotes 100% dischargedInclusion:
T547 12258-12334 Sentence denotes Inpatients with COVID-19 confirmed on RT-PCR via swabAge: range, 25–56 ySex:
T548 12335-12391 Sentence denotes 44.4% femalesGI/liver comorbidities: NRDisease severity:
T549 12392-12445 Sentence denotes 55.6% moderately ill and 44.4% severely ill Diarrhea:
T550 12446-12471 Sentence denotes 22.2% (2)Nausea/vomiting:
T551 12472-12493 Sentence denotes 0% (0)Abdominal pain:
T552 12494-12528 Sentence denotes 0% (0) AST, ALT, and bilirubin: NR
T553 12529-12635 Sentence denotes  Zhao, 202021First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China (Hefei)AnhuiDates:
T554 12636-12702 Sentence denotes 1/21/2020-2/16/2020Last follow-up: NR n = 75Survival: NRInclusion:
T555 12703-12748 Sentence denotes Inpatients with COVID-19 based on RT-PCR.Age:
T556 12749-12774 Sentence denotes M 47 y (IQR, 34–55 y)Sex:
T557 12775-12866 Sentence denotes 44% femalesGI/liver comorbidities: chronic liver disease 5.3%Disease severity: NR Diarrhea:
T558 12867-12910 Sentence denotes 9.3% (7)Present on admissionAbdominal pain:
T559 12911-12968 Sentence denotes 1.3% (1)Present on admissionNausea/vomiting: NR AST > 40:
T560 12969-13004 Sentence denotes 18.7% (14)M 27 (IQR, 21–37)ALT >40:
T561 13005-13045 Sentence denotes 20% (15)M 23 (IQR, 14–43)Bilirubin >1.2:
T562 13046-13172 Sentence denotes 16% (12)M 0.85 (IQR, 0.65–1.06)ALT, ALT, and total bilirubin were not associated with elevated interleukin-6 (a study outcome)
T563 13173-13221 Sentence denotes  Zhao, 202022Beijing YouAn HospitalBeijingDates:
T564 13222-13255 Sentence denotes 1/21/2020-2/8/2020Last follow-up:
T565 13256-13281 Sentence denotes 2/29/2020 n = 77Survival:
T566 13282-13345 Sentence denotes 6.5% died, 83.1% discharged, 10.4% still hospitalizedInclusion:
T567 13346-13406 Sentence denotes Inpatients with COVID-19 based on RT-PCR.Age: m 52 ± 2 ySex:
T568 13407-13443 Sentence denotes 55.8% femalesGI/liver comorbidities:
T569 13444-13485 Sentence denotes 10.4% digestive diseasesDisease severity:
T570 13486-13522 Sentence denotes 74% non-severe, 26% severe Diarrhea:
T571 13523-13600 Sentence denotes 1.3% (1)Present on admission1/57 nonsevere and 0/20 severeNausea or vomiting:
T572 13601-13687 Sentence denotes 7.8% (6)Present on admission3/57 nonsevere and 3/20 severeAbdominal pain: NR AST > 40:
T573 13688-13755 Sentence denotes 26.0% (20)11/57 non-severe and 9/20 severeM 19 (IQR, 21–42)ALT >40:
T574 13756-13826 Sentence denotes 33.8% (26)17/57 non-severe and 9/20 severeM 28 (IQR, 20–46)BilirubinNR
T575 13827-13881 Sentence denotes  Yang, 202026Chinese PLA General HospitalBeijingDates:
T576 13882-13916 Sentence denotes 12/272019-2/18/2020Last follow-up:
T577 13917-13942 Sentence denotes 2/18/2020 n = 55Survival:
T578 13943-13962 Sentence denotes 3.6% diedInclusion:
T579 13963-14015 Sentence denotes Inpatients with COVID-19, confirmed with RT-PCR.Age:
T580 14016-14056 Sentence denotes M 44 y (IQR, 34–54 y, range, 3–85 y)Sex:
T581 14057-14091 Sentence denotes 40% femalesGI/liver comorbidities:
T582 14092-14135 Sentence denotes 1.8% chronic liver diseaseDisease severity:
T583 14136-14202 Sentence denotes 38.2% mild, 36.4% common, 23.6% severe, and 1.8% extremely severe.
T584 14203-14212 Sentence denotes Diarrhea:
T585 14213-14400 Sentence denotes 3.6% (2)Present on admission0/21 of the patients without pneumonia on admission and 2/34 of the patients with pneumoniaNausea, vomiting, and abdominal pain: NR AST, ALT, and bilirubin: NR
T586 14401-14491 Sentence denotes  Li, 202056The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, ChongqingDates:
T587 14492-14549 Sentence denotes 1/2020-2/2020Last follow-up: n = 83Survival: NRInclusion:
T588 14550-14609 Sentence denotes Inpatients with COVID-19 and at least one abnormal CT scan.
T589 14610-14674 Sentence denotes Patients with normal CT were excluded (8).Age: m 45 ± 12.3 ySex:
T590 14675-14729 Sentence denotes 47% femalesGI/liver comorbidities: NRDisease severity:
T591 14730-14800 Sentence denotes 69.9% ordinary, and 30.1% severe/critical Diarrhea and abdominal pain:
T592 14801-14879 Sentence denotes 8.4% (7)Present on admissionNausea or vomiting: NR AST, ALT, and bilirubin: NR
T593 14880-15031 Sentence denotes  Qi, 202045Chongqing Public Health Medical Center, Chongqing Three Georges Central Hospital, and Qianjiang Central Hospital of ChongqingChongqingDates:
T594 15032-15066 Sentence denotes 1/19/2020-2/16/2020Last follow-up:
T595 15067-15093 Sentence denotes 2/16/2020 n = 267Survival:
T596 15094-15158 Sentence denotes 1.5% died, 38.6% discharged, 59.9% still hospitalized.Inclusion:
T597 15159-15200 Sentence denotes Inpatients with COVID-19 based on RT-PCR.
T598 15201-15246 Sentence denotes Excluded patients with missing data (42).Age:
T599 15247-15272 Sentence denotes M 48 y (IQR, 25–65 y)Sex:
T600 15273-15343 Sentence denotes 44.2% femalesGI/liver comorbidities: GI diseases 4.5%Disease severity:
T601 15344-15387 Sentence denotes 81.3% non-severe and 18.7% severe Diarrhea:
T602 15388-15467 Sentence denotes 3.7% (10)Present on admission7/217 nonsevere and 3/50 severeNausea or vomiting:
T603 15468-15536 Sentence denotes 2.2% (6)Present on admission5/217 nonsevere and 1/50 severeAnorexia:
T604 15537-15627 Sentence denotes 17.2% (46)Present on admission33/217 nonsevere and 13/50 severeAbdominal pain: NR AST >35:
T605 15628-15678 Sentence denotes 7.2% (19)9/217 non-severe and 10/50 severeALT >40:
T606 15679-15737 Sentence denotes 7.5% (20)10/217 non-severe and 10/50 severeBilirubin >1.5:
T607 15738-15778 Sentence denotes 2.2% (6)3/217 non-severe and 3/50 severe
T608 15779-15851 Sentence denotes  Xu, 202029Guangzhou Eighth People’s Hospital (Guangzhou)GuangdongDates:
T609 15852-15917 Sentence denotes 1/23/2020-2/4/2020Last follow-up: NR n = 90Survival: NRInclusion:
T610 15918-15989 Sentence denotes Inpatients with COVID-19 based on RT-PCR who had baseline chest CT.Age:
T611 15990-16017 Sentence denotes M 50 y (range, 18–86 y)Sex:
T612 16018-16087 Sentence denotes 56.7% femalesGI/liver comorbidities: NRDisease severity: NR Diarrhea:
T613 16088-16105 Sentence denotes 5.6% (5)Vomiting:
T614 16106-16121 Sentence denotes 5.6% (5)Nausea:
T615 16122-16133 Sentence denotes 2.2% (2) NR
T616 16134-16225 Sentence denotes  Lin, 202055The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University (Zhuhai)GuangdongDates:
T617 16226-16260 Sentence denotes 1/17/2020-2/15/2020Last follow-up:
T618 16261-16286 Sentence denotes 2/15/2020 n = 95Survival:
T619 16287-16348 Sentence denotes 0% died, 38.9% discharged, 61.1% still hospitalizedInclusion:
T620 16349-16388 Sentence denotes Inpatients with confirmed COVID-19.Age:
T621 16389-16406 Sentence denotes 45.3 ± 18.3 ySex:
T622 16407-16463 Sentence denotes 52.6% femalesGI/liver comorbidities: NRDisease severity:
T623 16464-16504 Sentence denotes 78.9% non-severe, 21.1% severe Diarrhea:
T624 16505-16604 Sentence denotes 24.2% (23)5.2% (5) present on admission.Loose or watery stool, 2-10 bowel movements daily.Vomiting:
T625 16605-16648 Sentence denotes 4.2% (4)0% (0) present on admission.Nausea:
T626 16649-16704 Sentence denotes 17.9% (17)3.2% (3) present on admission.Abdominal pain:
T627 16705-16926 Sentence denotes 2.1% (2)0% (0) present on admission.Epigastric discomfort.11 patients with GI symptoms did not have pneumonia.Viral RNA detected in 31/65 patients including 22/42 who had GI symptoms and 9/23 who did not have GI symptoms.
T628 16927-16965 Sentence denotes AST >35 for females and >40 for males:
T629 16966-17012 Sentence denotes 4.2% (4)ALT >40 for females and >50 for males:
T630 17013-17036 Sentence denotes 5.3% (5)Bilirubin >1.5:
T631 17037-17047 Sentence denotes 23.2% (22)
T632 17048-17092 Sentence denotes  Wen, 202033All Shenzhen CityGuangdongDates:
T633 17093-17126 Sentence denotes 1/1/2020-2/28/2020Last follow-up:
T634 17127-17153 Sentence denotes 2/28/2020 n = 417Survival:
T635 17154-17218 Sentence denotes 0.7% died, 71.7% discharged, 27.6% still hospitalized.Inclusion:
T636 17219-17277 Sentence denotes Inpatients with COVID-19 based on RT-PCR.Age: m 45.4 ySex:
T637 17278-17334 Sentence denotes 52.8% femalesGI/liver comorbidities: NRDisease severity:
T638 17335-17392 Sentence denotes 8.9% mild, 82.5% moderate, 8.6% severe/critical Diarrhea:
T639 17393-17543 Sentence denotes 7.0% (29)Present on admission.23/381 of mild/moderates and 6/36 of severe/criticalNausea, vomiting, and abdominal pain: NR ALT, AST, and bilirubin: NR
T640 17544-17979 Sentence denotes  Xu, 202028First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University (Guangzhou), Dongguan People's Hospital (Dongguan), Foshan First People's Hospital (Foshan), Huizhou Municipal Central Hospital (Huizhou), First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College (Shantou), Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University (Zhanijiang), Zhongshan City People's Hospital (Zhongshan)GuangdongDates: ?-2/28/2020Last follow-up:
T641 17980-18071 Sentence denotes 2/28/2020 n = 45Survival: death 0.2%, 24.4% discharged, 73.3% still hospitalized.Inclusion:
T642 18072-18144 Sentence denotes Critically ill patients with COVID-19 pneumonia.Age: m 56.7 ± 15.4 ySex:
T643 18145-18201 Sentence denotes 35.6% femalesGI/liver comorbidities: NRDisease severity:
T644 18202-18225 Sentence denotes 100% critical Diarrhea:
T645 18226-18268 Sentence denotes 0% (0)Present on admission AST or ALT >40:
T646 18269-18385 Sentence denotes 37.8% (17)AST (n = 44)M 27 (IQR, 22.0–39.5)ALT (n = 44)M 29 (IQR, 20.1–50.0)Bilirubin (n = 44)M 0.91 (IQR, 0.61–1.3)
T647 18386-18429 Sentence denotes  Yan, 202027All Hainan ProvinceHainanDates:
T648 18430-18464 Sentence denotes 1/22/2020-3/13/2020Last follow-up:
T649 18465-18491 Sentence denotes 3/13/2020 n = 168Survival:
T650 18492-18550 Sentence denotes 3.6%, 1.2% still hospitalized, 95.2% discharged.Inclusion:
T651 18551-18595 Sentence denotes Inpatient with COVID-19 based on RT-PCR.Age:
T652 18596-18621 Sentence denotes M 51 y (IQR, 36–62 y)Sex:
T653 18622-18658 Sentence denotes 51.8% femalesGI/liver comorbidities:
T654 18659-18694 Sentence denotes 3.6% chronic liver diseaseSeverity:
T655 18695-18734 Sentence denotes 78.6% nonsevere, 21.4% severe Diarrhea:
T656 18735-18801 Sentence denotes 7.1% (12)Present on admission8/132 nonsevere, 4/36 severeVomiting:
T657 18802-18865 Sentence denotes 4.2% (7)Present on admission5/132 nonsevere, 2/36 severeNausea:
T658 18866-18937 Sentence denotes 5.4% (9)Present on admission6/132 nonsevere, 3/36 severeAbdominal pain:
T659 18938-19003 Sentence denotes 4.2% (7)Present on admission5/132 nonsevere, 2/36 severe AST >40:
T660 19004-19055 Sentence denotes 17.3% (18/104)7/75 non-severe, 11/29 severeALT >40:
T661 19056-19111 Sentence denotes 8.0% (9/112)5/81 non-severe, 4/31 severeBilirubin >1.5:
T662 19112-19136 Sentence denotes 0M 0.51 (IQR, 0.37–0.78)
T663 19137-19222 Sentence denotes  Wang, 202035First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University (Zhengzhou)HenanDates:
T664 19223-19256 Sentence denotes 1/21/2020-2/7/2020Last follow-up:
T665 19257-19281 Sentence denotes 2/7/2020 n = 18Survival:
T666 19282-19342 Sentence denotes 0 died, 33.3% discharged, 66.7% still hospitalizedInclusion:
T667 19343-19371 Sentence denotes Inpatients with COVID-19Age:
T668 19372-19397 Sentence denotes M 39 y (IQR, 29–55 y)Sex:
T669 19398-19465 Sentence denotes 50% femalesGI/liver comorbidities: NRDisease severity: NR Diarrhea:
T670 19466-19552 Sentence denotes 16.7% (3)Present on admissionVomiting, nausea, abdominal pain: NR AST or ALT elevated:
T671 19553-19573 Sentence denotes 25% (4)Bilirubin: NR
T672 19574-19670 Sentence denotes  Chen, 202071First Hospital of Changsha (Changsha) and Loudi Central Hospital (Loudi)HunanDates:
T673 19671-19705 Sentence denotes 1/23/2020-2/14/2020Last follow-up:
T674 19706-19733 Sentence denotes 2/202/2020 n = 291Survival:
T675 19734-19797 Sentence denotes 0.7% died, 54.6% discharged, 44.7% still hospitalizedInclusion:
T676 19798-19842 Sentence denotes Inpatients with COVID-19 based on RT-PCRAge:
T677 19843-19883 Sentence denotes M 46 y (IQR, 34–59 y, range, 1–84 y)Sex:
T678 19884-19920 Sentence denotes 50.2% femalesGI/liver comorbidities:
T679 19921-19964 Sentence denotes 5.2% chronic liver diseaseDisease severity:
T680 19965-20022 Sentence denotes 10% mild, 72.8% moderate, 17.2% severe/critical Diarrhea:
T681 20023-20119 Sentence denotes 8.6% (25)Present on admission3/29 mild, 17/212 moderate, 5/50 severe/criticalNausea or vomiting:
T682 20120-20211 Sentence denotes 5.8% (17)Present on admission6/29 mild, 9/212 moderate, 2/50 severe/criticalAbdominal pain:
T683 20212-20296 Sentence denotes 0.3% (1)Present on admission0/29 mild, 0/212 moderate, 1/50 severe/critical AST >37:
T684 20297-20387 Sentence denotes 15.1% (44)5/29 mild, 23/212 moderate, 16/50 severe/criticalM 24.7 (IQR, 19.9–31.4)ALT >42:
T685 20388-20485 Sentence denotes 10.3% (30)4/29 mild, 16/212 moderate, 10/50 severe/criticalM 20.7 (IQR, 14.9-28.9)Bilirubin >1.2:
T686 20486-20563 Sentence denotes 9.3% (27)4/29 mild, 17/212 moderate, 6/50 severe/criticalM 0.6 (IQR, 0.5–0.9)
T687 20564-20609 Sentence denotes  Liu, 202053All Jiangsu ProvinceJiangsuDates:
T688 20610-20644 Sentence denotes 1/10/2020-2/18/2020Last follow-up:
T689 20645-20671 Sentence denotes 2/18/2020 n = 620Survival:
T690 20672-20745 Sentence denotes 0 died, 3.2% in ICU, 56.1% still hospitalized, 40.6% dischargedInclusion:
T691 20746-20786 Sentence denotes Inpatient with COVID-10 based on RT-PCR.
T692 20787-20845 Sentence denotes Patients without records excluded.Age: m 44.5 ± 17.2 ySex:
T693 20846-20902 Sentence denotes 47.4% femalesGI/liver comorbidities: NRDisease severity:
T694 20903-20974 Sentence denotes 15.6% asymptomatic/mild, 75.8% moderate, 8.5% severe/critical Diarrhea:
T695 20975-21465 Sentence denotes 8.5% (53)Present on admission4/97 asymptomatic/mild, 43/469 moderate, 6/53 severe/critically illNausea, vomiting, and abdominal pain: NR AST (387) m 23.3 ± 18.5m 27.3 ± 14.9 in mild/asymptomatic, 32.3 ± 17.5 in moderate, 42.9 ± 28.6 in severe/critically illALT (420) m 31.0 ± 22.4m 26.8 ± 21.6 in asymptomatic/mild, m 31.2 ± 21.1 in moderate, m 39.3 ± 32.5 in severe/critically illBilirubin (460) m 0.6 ± 0.4m 0.7 ± 0.5 mild/asymptomatic, m 0.6 ± 0.4 moderate, m 0.7 ± 0.4 severe/critically
T696 21466-21526 Sentence denotes  Fan, 202067Shenyang Chest Hospital (Shenyang)LiaoningDates:
T697 21527-21580 Sentence denotes 1/20/2020-3/15/2020Last follow-up: NR n = 55Survival:
T698 21581-21605 Sentence denotes 100% recoveredInclusion:
T699 21606-21681 Sentence denotes Recovered hospitalized COVID-19 patients, based on RT-PCR.Age: m 46.8 ySex:
T700 21682-21738 Sentence denotes 45.5% femalesGI/liver comorbidities: NRDisease severity:
T701 21739-21773 Sentence denotes 85.4% mild, 14.5% severe Diarrhea:
T702 21774-21831 Sentence denotes 10.9% (6)4/47 mild/moderate, 2/8 severe/criticalVomiting:
T703 21832-22037 Sentence denotes 7.3% (4)2/47 mild/moderate, 2/8 severe/criticalAbdominal pain: NR ALT m 40.6m 27.8 in mild/moderate and m 57.1 in severe/criticalBilirubin m 19.5m 19.0 in mild/moderate and m 22.4 in severe/criticalAST: NR
T704 22038-22086 Sentence denotes  Yao, 202025Tangdu Hospital (Xi’an)ShaanxiDates:
T705 22087-22150 Sentence denotes 1/21/2020-2/21/2020Last follow-up: NR n = 40Survival:Inclusion:
T706 22151-22176 Sentence denotes Inpatients with COVID-19.
T707 22177-22246 Sentence denotes No baseline LFT abnormality.Age: m 53.9 ± 15.8 y (range, 22–83 y)Sex:
T708 22247-22283 Sentence denotes 37.5% femalesGI/liver comorbidities:
T709 22284-22328 Sentence denotes 0% liver disease or damage.Disease severity:
T710 22329-22369 Sentence denotes 45% non-severe, and 55% severe Diarrhea:
T711 22370-22442 Sentence denotes 7.5% (3)8 patients developed diarrhea due to lopinavir/ritonavir.Nausea:
T712 22443-22491 Sentence denotes 7.5% (3)Vomiting and abdominal pain: NR AST >46:
T713 22492-22560 Sentence denotes 40% (16)Occurred as early as the 4th day up to the 26th day.ALT >66:
T714 22561-22638 Sentence denotes 52.5% (21)Occurred as early as the 4th day up to the 26th day.Bilirubin >1.2:
T715 22639-22699 Sentence denotes 25% (10)Occurred as early as the 4th day up to the 16th day.
T716 22700-22790 Sentence denotes Mostly sligh increase.Liver injury occured in 17/22 critical cases 5/18 noncritical cases.
T717 22791-22949 Sentence denotes  Tian, 202036Liaocheng Infectious Diseases Hospital (Liaocheng) and Liaocheng People’s Hospital (Liaocheng)ShandongDates: NRLast follow-up: NR n = 37Survival:
T718 22950-22975 Sentence denotes 100% dischargedInclusion:
T719 22976-23025 Sentence denotes Inpatients with COVID-19.Age: m 44.3 ± 1.67 ySex:
T720 23026-23060 Sentence denotes 54% femalesGI/liver comorbidities:
T721 23061-23105 Sentence denotes 2.7% cirrhosis/liver cancerDisease severity:
T722 23106-23182 Sentence denotes 13.5% mild, 81.1% moderate, 2.7% severe, 2.7% critical Diarrhea or vomiting:
T723 23183-23254 Sentence denotes 25.8% (8/31)Present on admissionVomiting or abdominal pain: NR AST >40:
T724 23255-23272 Sentence denotes 10.8% (4)ALT >40:
T725 23273-23294 Sentence denotes 5.4% (2)Bilirbuin >1:
T726 23295-23305 Sentence denotes 35.1% (13)
T727 23306-23395 Sentence denotes  Lu, 202051Shanghai Public Health Clinical CenterShanghaiDates: ?-2/9/2020Last follow-up:
T728 23396-23421 Sentence denotes 2/9/2020 n = 265Survival:
T729 23422-23460 Sentence denotes 0.4% died, 17.7% discharged.Inclusion:
T730 23461-23538 Sentence denotes Inpatients with COVID-19 based on RT-PCRAge: NRSex: NRGI/liver comorbidities:
T731 23539-23560 Sentence denotes 0.4%Disease severity:
T732 23561-23618 Sentence denotes 91.7% mild/moderate, 8.3% severe/critically ill Diarrhea:
T733 23619-23712 Sentence denotes 6.4% (17)Present on admission17/243 mild/moderate and 0/22 severe/criticalNausea or vomiting:
T734 23713-24023 Sentence denotes 2.3% (6)Present on admission6/243 mild/moderate and 0/22 severe/criticalAbdominal pain: NR ASTM 24 (IQR, 19–33)M 24 (IQR, 19–31) in mild/moderate and M 39.5 (IQR, 29.7–53.5) in severe/criticalALTM 23 (IQR, 15–33)M 21 (IQR, 15–33) in mild/moderate and M 30 (24.5–34.5) in severe/criticalBilirubinM 0.5 (0.4–0.6)
T735 24024-24103 Sentence denotes  Fu, 202065Chengdu Public Health Clinical Medical Center (Chengdu)SichuanDates:
T736 24104-24137 Sentence denotes 1/1/2020-2/20/2020Last follow-up:
T737 24138-24163 Sentence denotes 2/29/2020 n = 52Survival:
T738 24164-24222 Sentence denotes 100% (excluded patients who were not discharged)Inclusion:
T739 24223-24268 Sentence denotes Inpatients with COVID-19 confirmed by RT-PCR.
T740 24269-24323 Sentence denotes Excluded patients who died or were not discharged.Age:
T741 24324-24355 Sentence denotes M 44.5 y (IQR, 33.0–56.5 y)Sex:
T742 24356-24498 Sentence denotes 46% femalesGI/liver comorbidities: NRDisease severity: common coronavirus pneumonia type 73.1%, severe 19.2%, critically severe 7.7% Diarrhea:
T743 24499-24538 Sentence denotes 13.5% (7/52)Present on admissionNausea:
T744 24539-24974 Sentence denotes 1.9 % (1/52)Present on admissionVomiting and abdominal pain: NR AST M 27 (IQR, 21.2–34.0)ALT M 24 (IQR, 15.3–49)Bilirubin 85 patients M 67.3 (IQR, 63.5–71.4)Patients with laboratory results on admission and discharge n = 23ASTOn presentation M 27 (IQR, 23–35)After discharge M 25 (IQR, 19–39)ALTOn presentation M 25 (IQR, 14–41)After discharge M 31 (IQR, 15–41)BilirubinOn presentation M 66 (IQR, 60–72)After discharge M 65 (IQR, 60–69
T745 24975-25042 Sentence denotes  Fu, 202066Third People’s Hospital of Kunming (Kunming)YunnanDates:
T746 25043-25096 Sentence denotes 1/26/2020-2/15/2020Last follow-up: NR n = 36Survival:
T747 25097-25154 Sentence denotes 17% discharged, 6% ICU, 78% still hospitalized.Inclusion:
T748 25155-25197 Sentence denotes Inpatients with COVID-19 based RT-PCR.Age:
T749 25198-25206 Sentence denotes 45 ySex:
T750 25207-25442 Sentence denotes 55.6% femalesGI/liver comorbidities: NRDisease severity: mild 11% (4), common 83% (30), severe, critical 6% (2) Diarrhea: % (3)Present on admissionVomiting, nausea, and abdominal pain: NR AST 11.1% (4)ALT 11.1% (4)Bilirubin 30.56% (11)
T751 25443-25549 Sentence denotes  Jin, 202060First Affiliated Hospital of College of Medicine, Zhejiang University (Hangzhou)ZhejiangDates:
T752 25550-25585 Sentence denotes 1/17/2020-02/08/2020Last follow-up:
T753 25586-25613 Sentence denotes 02/08/2020 n = 651Survival:
T754 25614-25653 Sentence denotes 0.2% death, NR for the othersInclusion:
T755 25654-25701 Sentence denotes Inpatients with COVID-19.Age: m 45 ± 14.4 ySex:
T756 25702-25758 Sentence denotes 49.2% femalesGI/liver comorbidities: NRDisease severity:
T757 25759-25789 Sentence denotes Severe/critical 9.8% Diarrhea:
T758 25790-25881 Sentence denotes 8.6% (56)Present on admission and prior to treatment.Defined as loose stool >3 times daily.
T759 25882-25951 Sentence denotes Stool cultures were performed with negative results for all patients.
T760 25952-26076 Sentence denotes Clostridium difficile not detected in stool and no recent antibiotic use.Median duration was 4 d (IQR, 3–6 d, range, 1–9 d).
T761 26077-26116 Sentence denotes Most was self-limiting.Nausea/vomiting:
T762 26117-26251 Sentence denotes 4.3% (28)Present on admission.11 only vomiting; 10 only nausea; 3 nausea, vomiting and diarrhea; 4 nausea and vomiting.Any GI Symptom:
T763 26252-26416 Sentence denotes 11.4 (74)Nausea, vomiting or diarrhea.21 patients lacked respiratory symptoms of coughing and sputum production, and presented only with GI symptomsSevere/critical:
T764 26417-26469 Sentence denotes 17/74 with GI symptoms vs 47/577 without GI symptom.
T765 26470-26646 Sentence denotes In those with GI symptoms, risk factors for severe/critical disease were sputum production, increased lactate dehydrogenase and increased glucose on multivariate analysis.ARDS:
T766 26647-26703 Sentence denotes 5/74 with GI symptoms vs 12/577 without GI symptomShock:
T767 26704-26766 Sentence denotes 1/74 with GI symptoms vs 1/577 without GI symptomLiver injury:
T768 26767-26841 Sentence denotes 13/74 with GI symptoms vs 51/577 without GI symptomMechanical ventilation:
T769 26842-26907 Sentence denotes 5/74 with GI symptoms vs 12/577 without GI symptom ICU admission:
T770 26908-27221 Sentence denotes 5/74 with GI symptoms vs 12/577 without GI symptom AST >40: NRGI symptoms M 29.4 (IQR, 29.9–38.6) vs no GI symptoms M 24.4 (IQR, 19.0–32.0)ALT >50: NRGI symptoms M 25.0 (IQR, 15.8–38.5) vs no GI symptoms M 21.5 (IQR, 15.0–32.8)Total bilirubinGI symptoms M 0.6 (IQR, 0.4–0.8) vs no GI symptoms M 0.6 (IQR, 0.4–0.8)
T771 27222-27493 Sentence denotes  Qian, 202044Xiaoshan District People's Hospital (Hangzhou), Ningbo City First Hospital (Ningbo City), Ninghai County First Hospital (Ningbo City), Xiangshan County People's First Hospital (Ningbo City), Affiliated Hospital of Shaoxing University (Shaoxing)ZhejiangDates:
T772 27494-27528 Sentence denotes 1/20/2020-2/11/2020Last follow-up:
T773 27529-27554 Sentence denotes 2/16/2020 n = 91Survival:
T774 27555-27617 Sentence denotes 0% died, 34.1% discharged, 65.9% still hospitalized.Inclusion:
T775 27618-27701 Sentence denotes Inpatients with COVID-19 (88 based on RT-PCR and 3 based on clinical diagnosis)Age:
T776 27702-27729 Sentence denotes M 50 y (IQR, 36.5–57 y)Sex:
T777 27730-27784 Sentence denotes 59% femalesGI/liver comorbidities: NRDisease severity:
T778 27785-27821 Sentence denotes 90.1% mild and 9.9% severe Diarrhea:
T779 27822-27917 Sentence denotes 23.1% (21)Present on admissionVomiting, nausea, and abdominal pain: not extracted Not extracted
T780 27918-28028 Sentence denotes  Chen, 202074Wenzhou Central Hospital (Wenzhou) and Sixth People’s Hospital of Wenzhou (Wenzhou)ZhejiangDates:
T781 28029-28083 Sentence denotes 1/11/2020-2/15/2020Last follow-up: NR n = 175Survival:
T782 28084-28133 Sentence denotes 29.7% discharge, not reported otherwiseInclusion:
T783 28134-28179 Sentence denotes Inpatients with COVID-19 based on RT-PCR.Age:
T784 28180-28205 Sentence denotes M 46 y (IQR, 34–54 y)Sex:
T785 28206-28275 Sentence denotes 52.6% femalesGI/liver comorbidities: NRDisease severity: NR Diarrhea:
T786 28276-28433 Sentence denotes 19.4% (34)Present on admissionAverage of 6 episodes per day, and often ended within 1-4 daysVomiting, nausea, and abdominal pain: not extracted Not extracted
T787 28434-28483 Sentence denotes  Kuang, 202058All Zhejiang ProvinceZhejiangDates:
T788 28484-28550 Sentence denotes 1/1/2020-2/10/2020Last follow-up: NR n = 944Survival: NRInclusion:
T789 28551-28579 Sentence denotes All reported COVID-19 cases.
T790 28580-28636 Sentence denotes Both inpatients and outpatients.Age: m 47.4 ± 22.9 ySex:
T791 28637-28706 Sentence denotes 49.6% femalesGI/liver comorbidities: NRDisease severity: NR Diarrhea:
T792 28707-28758 Sentence denotes 2.7% (21)Vomiting, nausea and abdominal pain: NR NR
T793 28759-28769 Sentence denotes US studies
T794 28770-28830 Sentence denotes  Arentz, 202075Evergreen Hospital (Kirkland)WashingtonDates:
T795 28831-28864 Sentence denotes 2/20/2020-3/5/2020Last follow-up:
T796 28865-28890 Sentence denotes 3/17/2020 n = 21Survival:
T797 28891-28948 Sentence denotes 52.4% died, 9.5% out of IC, 38.1% still in ICU.Inclusion:
T798 28949-29014 Sentence denotes Critically ill COVID-19 patients.Age: m 70 y (range, 43–92 y)Sex:
T799 29015-29049 Sentence denotes 48% femalesGI/liver comorbidities:
T800 29050-29110 Sentence denotes 4.8% cirrhosis, 9.5% solid organ transplantDisease severity:
T801 29111-29266 Sentence denotes 100% critically ill Diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, and abdominal pain: NR AST m 273 (range, 14-4432)ALT m 108 (range, 11-1414)Bilirubin m 0.6 (range, 0.2-1.1)
T802 29267-29332 Sentence denotes  Cholankeril, 202070Stanford University HospitalsCaliforniaDates:
T803 29333-29366 Sentence denotes 3/4/2020-3/24/2020Last follow-up:
T804 29367-29393 Sentence denotes 3/24/2020 n = 116Survival:
T805 29394-29497 Sentence denotes 0.9% died, 86.2% discharged, 4.3% still hospitalized.Inclusion: COVID-19 confirmed based on RT-PCR.Age:
T806 29498-29523 Sentence denotes M 50 y (IQR, 35–67 y)Sex:
T807 29524-29560 Sentence denotes 46.6% femalesGI/liver comorbidities:
T808 29561-29604 Sentence denotes 2.6% chronic liver diseaseDisease severity:
T809 29605-29702 Sentence denotes 71.6% evaluated in ED/clinic only, 20.7% admitted to the medical floor, and 7.8% admitted to ICU.
T810 29703-29712 Sentence denotes Diarrhea:
T811 29713-29766 Sentence denotes 10.3% (12)Present on admissionNausea and/or vomiting:
T812 29767-29812 Sentence denotes 10.3% (12)Present on admissionAbdominal pain:
T813 29813-29942 Sentence denotes 8.8% (10)Present on admissionNone of the patients had isolated GI symptoms or as the initial symptoms.31.9% reported GI symptoms.
T814 29943-29995 Sentence denotes Median duration of GI symptoms was 1 day (IQR, 0–4).
T815 29996-30293 Sentence denotes AST (n = 65)M 35 (IQR, 22–58)In those with any abnormal LFT, M 64 (IQR, 24–76)ALT (n = 65)M 32 (IQR, 22–48)In those with any abnormal LFT, M 59 (IQR, 22–76)Total bilirubin (n = 65)M 0.4 (IQR, 0.3–0.7)In those with any abnormal LFT, M 0.5 (IQR, 0.3–0.7)26 patients developed liver enzyme elevation.
T816 30294-30339 Sentence denotes 22 of them had normal baseline liver enzymes.
T817 30340-30440 Sentence denotes  Nobel, 202047New York–Presbyterian Hospital/Columbia University Irving Medical CenterNew YorkDates:
T818 30441-30475 Sentence denotes 3/10/2020-3/21/2020Last follow-up:
T819 30476-30514 Sentence denotes 18 days after testing n = 278Survival:
T820 30515-30535 Sentence denotes 3.2% died,Inclusion:
T821 30536-30695 Sentence denotes Patients tested for COVID-19 at clinic or emergency department for respiratory symptoms with intent to hospitalize or the same symptoms in essential personnel.
T822 30696-30742 Sentence denotes Excluded patients with insufficient data (42).
T823 30743-30772 Sentence denotes Charts randomly selected.Age:
T824 30773-30849 Sentence denotes 11% aged 18–30 y, 25% aged 31–50 y, 37% aged 51–70 y, and 27% aged >70 ySex:
T825 30850-30904 Sentence denotes 48% femalesGI/liver comorbidities: NRDisease severity:
T826 30905-30966 Sentence denotes 74.5% admitted to hospital, 15.8% admitted to ICU, 3.2% died.
T827 30967-30976 Sentence denotes Diarrhea:
T828 30977-31086 Sentence denotes 20.1% (56)Present on admission42/207 admitted to hospital, 11/44 admitted to ICU, 0/9 died.Vomiting/vomiting:
T829 31087-31215 Sentence denotes 22.7% (63)Present on admission51/207 admitted to hospital, 8/44 admitted to ICU, 0/9 died.Abdominal pain: NR35% had GI symptoms.
T830 31216-31530 Sentence denotes Patients with GI symptoms were more likely to have illness duration of ≥1 week (33%) compared to patients without symptoms (22%).Presence of GI symptoms (diarrhea or nausea/vomiting) was associated with a 70% increased risk of testing positive (adjusted odds ratio 1.7; 95% CI, 1.1–2.5) AST: NRALT: NRBilirubin: NR
T831 31531-31625 Sentence denotes  Hajifathalian, 202063NewYork-Presbytarian Hospital/Weill Cornell Medical CenterNew YorkDates:
T832 31626-31661 Sentence denotes 3/4/2020 to 4/9/2020Last follow-up:
T833 31662-31726 Sentence denotes 4/16/2020 n = 1059 (768 inpatients and 291 outpatients)Survival:
T834 31727-31746 Sentence denotes 9.1% diedInclusion:
T835 31747-31816 Sentence denotes Adults with COVID-19, inpatients and outpatients.Age: m 61 ± 18 ySex:
T836 31817-31853 Sentence denotes 42.3% femalesGI/liver comorbidities:
T837 31854-31950 Sentence denotes 1.6% IBD, 3.0% chronic liver disease, 2.4% solid organ transplant.Disease severity: NR Diarrhea:
T838 31951-32049 Sentence denotes 22.1% (234)Present on admissionInpatients 24.3% (187/768) and outpatients 16.1% (47/291).Vomiting:
T839 32050-32141 Sentence denotes 8.3% (91)Present on admissionInpatients 8.7% (67/768) and outpatients 8.2% (24/291).Nausea:
T840 32142-32246 Sentence denotes 15.3% (168)Present on admissionInpatients 16.0% (123/768) and outpatients 15.5% (45/291).Abdominal pain:
T841 32247-32331 Sentence denotes 6.6% (72)Present on admissionInpatients 7.3% (56/768) and outpatients 5.5% (16/291).
T842 32332-32340 Sentence denotes AST ≥40:
T843 32341-32372 Sentence denotes 56% (n = 844) m 60 ± 79ALT ≥40:
T844 32373-32411 Sentence denotes 39% (n = 844) m 50 ± 65Bilirubin >1.2:
T845 32412-32548 Sentence denotes 11% (n = 844) m 0.7 ± 0.6Presence of liver injury at presentation was associated with higher risk of admission on multivariate analysis.
T846 32549-32664 Sentence denotes  Kujawski, 202057Center of Disease ControlCalifornia, Illinois, Arizona, Massachusetts, Washington, WisconsinDates:
T847 32665-32698 Sentence denotes 1/20/2020-2/5/2020Last follow-up:
T848 32699-32724 Sentence denotes 2/22/2020 n = 12Survival:
T849 32725-32799 Sentence denotes 0% died, 8.3% hospitalized, 41.7% home isolation, 50% recovered.Inclusion:
T850 32800-32866 Sentence denotes Patients under investigation who tested positive for COVID-19.Age:
T851 32867-32894 Sentence denotes M 53 y (range, 21–68 y)Sex:
T852 32895-32931 Sentence denotes 33.3% femalesGI/liver comorbidities:
T853 32932-32987 Sentence denotes 8.3% HBV and 8.3% fatty liver disease.Disease severity:
T854 32988-33019 Sentence denotes 5 outpatients and 7 inpatients.
T855 33020-33029 Sentence denotes Diarrhea:
T856 33030-33130 Sentence denotes 33.3% (4)8.3% (1) present on admission3 while on remdesivir (1 of tham had Giardia and C difficile).
T857 33131-33202 Sentence denotes 1 patient had symptoms for 1 day then developed fever and cough.Nausea:
T858 33203-33254 Sentence denotes 25% (3)8.3% (1) present on admissionAbdominal pain:
T859 33255-33310 Sentence denotes 16.7% (2)Stool PCR positive in 70% (7/10) patients AST:
T860 33311-33382 Sentence denotes 58.3% (7)M 129 (IQR, 46–190)ALT 58.3% (7)M 136 (IQR, 66–389)BilirubinNR
T861 33383-33555 Sentence denotes  Rubin, 202043Stanford University School of MedicineCaliforniaDates: ?-3/11/2020Last follow-up: NR n = 54Survival: NR.Inclusion: COVID-19 patients, not clear otherwise.Age:
T862 33556-33599 Sentence denotes M 53.5 y (IQR, 32–75 y, range, 20–91 y)Sex:
T863 33600-33636 Sentence denotes 46.3% femalesGI/liver comorbidities:
T864 33637-33662 Sentence denotes 1.8% HBVDisease severity:
T865 33663-33878 Sentence denotes 33.3% inpatients and 66.7% outpatients Diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, and abdominal pain: NR ASTFemales m 73.4 ± 61.8 (9) and males m 45.1 ± 19.5 (14)ALTFemales m 69.6 ± 65.2 (9) and males m 43.9 ± 25.8 (13)BilirubinNR
T866 33879-33894 Sentence denotes Other countries
T867 33895-33964 Sentence denotes  COVID-19 National Emergency Response Center, 202069South KoreaDates:
T868 33965-34031 Sentence denotes 1/10/2020-2/14/2020Last follow-up: NR n = 28Survival: NRInclusion:
T869 34032-34104 Sentence denotes Inpatients or outpatient with COVID-19Age: m 42.6 y (range, 20–73 y)Sex:
T870 34105-34174 Sentence denotes 46.1% femalesGI/liver comorbidities: NRDisease severity: NR Diarrhea:
T871 34175-34291 Sentence denotes 7%% (2)Present on admission1 started 2 d after fevers and chills and 1 started 2 d after muscle achesAbdominal pain:
T872 34292-34377 Sentence denotes 4% (1)Present on admissionStomachache 2 d after muscle acheVomiting and nausea: NR NR
T873 34378-34407 Sentence denotes  Young, 202024SingaporeDates:
T874 34408-34441 Sentence denotes 1/23/2020-2/3/2020Last follow-up:
T875 34442-34480 Sentence denotes 2/25/2020 n = 18Survival: NRInclusion:
T876 34481-34520 Sentence denotes Inpatients COVID-19 based on RT-PCRAge:
T877 34521-34548 Sentence denotes M 47 y (range, 31–73 y)Sex:
T878 34549-34673 Sentence denotes 50% femalesGI/liver comorbidities: NRDisease severity: NR (12 patients uncomplicated (67%) 6 required oxygen (33%) Diarrhea:
T879 34674-35017 Sentence denotes 17% (3)Present on admissionNone of these patients required supplemental oxygenVomiting, nausea, and abdominal pain: NRVirus detected by PCR in stool in 4/8 (50%) and in whole blood 1/12 (8%)4 of the 5 patients treated with lopinavir-ritonavir developed nausea, vomiting, and/or diarrhea, and 3 developed abnormal liver function test results NR
T880 35018-35088 Sentence denotes  Sun, 202039The National Centre for Infectious DiseasesSingaporeDates:
T881 35089-35155 Sentence denotes 1/26/2020-2/16/2020Last follow-up: NR n = 54Survival: NRInclusion:
T882 35156-35203 Sentence denotes Patients referred for testing for COVID-19.Age:
T883 35204-35229 Sentence denotes M 42 y (IQR, 34–54 y)Sex:
T884 35230-35264 Sentence denotes 46% femalesGI/liver comorbidities:
T885 35265-35313 Sentence denotes 0 liver diseaseDisease severity: NR GI symptoms:
T886 35314-35422 Sentence denotes 37% (20/54)General GI symptoms per different models were associated with positive COVID adjusted odds ratio.
T887 35423-35475 Sentence denotes 3.73 (95% CI, 1.23–12.45) AST, ALT, and bilirubin NR
T888 35476-35550 Sentence denotes  Pung, 202046SingaporeDates: ?-2/15/2020Last follow-up: NR n = 17Survival:
T889 35551-35568 Sentence denotes 0% diedInclusion:
T890 35569-35605 Sentence denotes Inpatients COVID-19 based on PCRAge:
T891 35606-35694 Sentence denotes M 40 y (36–51 y)Sex:59 % femalesGI/liver comorbidities: NRDisease severity: NR Diarrhea:
T892 35695-35720 Sentence denotes 23.5% (4)Nausea/Vomiting:
T893 35721-35776 Sentence denotes 5.9%% (1)Abdominal pain: NR AST, ALT, and bilirubin: NR
T894 35777-35826 Sentence denotes  Tabata, 202038Diamond Princess CruiseJapanDates:
T895 35827-35881 Sentence denotes 2/11/2020-2/25/2020Last follow-up: NR n = 104Survival:
T896 35882-35912 Sentence denotes 0% died, NR othewiseInclusion:
T897 35913-35992 Sentence denotes Laboratory confirmed patients with COVID-19 on Diamond Princess Cruise shipAge:
T898 35993-36036 Sentence denotes M 68 y (IQR, 46.8–75 y; range, 25–93 y)Sex:
T899 36037-36093 Sentence denotes 54.8% femalesGI/liver comorbidities: NRDisease severity:
T900 36094-36139 Sentence denotes 31.7% asymptomatic, 41.3% mild, 26.9% severe.
T901 36140-36149 Sentence denotes Diarrhea:
T902 36150-36292 Sentence denotes 9.6% (8)Present on admission.2 additional patients develop diarrhea during the hospitalizationVomiting, nausea and abdominal pain: NR AST >38:
T903 36293-36357 Sentence denotes 17.3% (18)9/76 (11.8%) nonsevere and 9/28 (32.1%) severeALT >45:
T904 36358-36426 Sentence denotes 16.3% (17)10/76 (13.2%) nonsevere and 7/28 (25%) severeBilirubin: NR
T905 36427-36484 Sentence denotes  Kluytmans, 202059Breda and Tiburg, The NetherlandsDates:
T906 36485-36537 Sentence denotes 3/7/2020-3/12/2020Last follow-up: NR n = 86Survival:
T907 36538-36591 Sentence denotes 0 deaths, 2 required short hospitalization.Inclusion:
T908 36592-36698 Sentence denotes Health care workers with fever or mild respiratory symptoms more than 10 d with subsequent positive tests.
T909 36699-36715 Sentence denotes Outpatients.Age:
T910 36716-36743 Sentence denotes M 49 y (range, 22–66 y)Sex:
T911 36744-36799 Sentence denotes 4.6% femalesGI/liver comorbidities: NRDisease severity:
T912 36800-36838 Sentence denotes 2 hospitalized, 19 recovered Diarrhea:
T913 36839-36893 Sentence denotes 18.6% (16)Interviewed within 7 d of onset of symptoms:
T914 36894-36942 Sentence denotes 5/31,Interviewed after 7 d of onset of symptoms:
T915 36943-36977 Sentence denotes 11/55Decreased appetite or nausea:
T916 36978-37032 Sentence denotes 17.4% (15)Interviewed within 7 d of onset of symptoms:
T917 37033-37081 Sentence denotes 1/31,Interviewed after 7 d of onset of symptoms:
T918 37082-37102 Sentence denotes 14/55Abdominal pain:
T919 37103-37155 Sentence denotes 5.8% (5)Interviewed within 7 d of onset of symptoms:
T920 37156-37203 Sentence denotes 1/31Interviewed after 7 d of onset of symptoms:
T921 37204-37236 Sentence denotes 3/55 AST, ALT, and bilirubin: NR
T922 37237-37273 Sentence denotes  Wolfel, 202032Munich, GermanyDates:
T923 37274-37458 Sentence denotes 1/23/2020-?Last follow-up: NR n = 9Survival: NRInclusion: lab confirmed SARS-Co-V-2 in upper respiratory specimensAge: NRSex: NRGI/liver comorbidities: NRDisease severity: NR Diarrhea:
T924 37459-37706 Sentence denotes 22% (2)Present on admissionDiarrhea was never the only symptomPCR was positive for up to 11 d;Authors were not able to isolate infectious virus, despite high stool RNA viral loads.Vomiting, nausea and abdominal pain: NR AST, ALT, and bilirubin: NR
T925 37707-37793 Sentence denotes  Dreher, 202068Aachen, GermanyDates:2/1/2020-3/1/2020Last follow-up:NR n = 50Survival:
T926 37794-37852 Sentence denotes 14% died, 16% discharged, 70% still hospitalizedInclusion:
T927 37853-37933 Sentence denotes Inpatients with laboratory confirmed COVID-19Age: median 65 y (IQR, 58–76 y)Sex:
T928 37934-38033 Sentence denotes 34% femalesGI/liver comorbidities: chronic liver failure 8%, chronic hepatitis 10%Disease severity:
T929 38034-38065 Sentence denotes 48% ARDS,52% non-ARDS Diarrhea:
T930 38066-38127 Sentence denotes 16% (8/50)Present on admission6/24 ARDS, 2/26 non-ARDSNausea:
T931 38128-38184 Sentence denotes 1/50Present on admission0/24 ARDS, 1/26 nonARDSVomiting:
T932 38185-38333 Sentence denotes 2/50Present on admission1/24 ARDS, 1/26 non-ARDSStool PCR done in 15 patients and found positive in 2 patients with ARDS AST, ALT, and bilirubin: NR
T933 38334-38450 Sentence denotes  Gritti, 202064Papa Giovanni XXIII HospitalBergamo, ItalyDates:3/11/2020-3/24/2020Last follow-up: NR n = 21Survival:
T934 38451-38489 Sentence denotes 4.7% died, NR for the othersInclusion:
T935 38490-38569 Sentence denotes Inpatients with confirmed COVID-19 who receivedAge: m 64 y (range, 48–75 y)Sex:
T936 38570-38637 Sentence denotes 14% femalesGI/liver comorbidities: NRDisease severity: NR Diarrhea:
T937 38638-38736 Sentence denotes 23.8% (5)Present on admissionNausea or vomiting, or abdominal pain: NR AST, ALT, and bilirubin: NR
T938 38737-38885 Sentence denotes  Spiteri, 202040Germany, Finland, Italy, Russia, Spain, France, Sweden, and BelgiumDates:1/24/2020-2/21/2020Last follow-up:2/21/2020 n = 38Survival:
T939 38886-38931 Sentence denotes 2.6% died, 11.4% still hospitalizedInclusion:
T940 38932-39017 Sentence denotes Inpatients (n = 35) and outpatients (N=2) with COVID-19 confirmed based on RT-PCRAge:
T941 39018-39042 Sentence denotes M 42 (range, 2–81 y)Sex:
T942 39043-39112 Sentence denotes 34.2% femalesGI/liver comorbidities: NRDisease severity: NR Diarrhea:
T943 39113-39151 Sentence denotes 3.2% (1/31)Present on diagnosisNausea:
T944 39152-39229 Sentence denotes 3.2% (1/31)Present on diagnosisAbdominal pain: NR AST, ALT, and bilirubin: NR
T945 39230-39303 Sentence denotes  COVID-19 National Incident Room Surveillance Team, 202037AustraliaDates:
T946 39304-39348 Sentence denotes National data until 3/14/2020Last follow-up:
T947 39349-39375 Sentence denotes 3/14/2020 n = 295Survival:
T948 39376-39395 Sentence denotes 1.0% diedInclusion:
T949 39396-39463 Sentence denotes All individuals with COVID-19 (both outpatients and inpatients)Age:
T950 39464-39564 Sentence denotes M 47 y (range, 0–94 y)Sex: (approximately) 50% femaleComorbidities: NRDisease severity: NR Diarrhea:
T951 39565-39591 Sentence denotes 16.3% (48)Nausea/vomiting:
T952 39592-39617 Sentence denotes 11.5% (34)Abdominal pain:
T953 39618-39654 Sentence denotes 2.0% (6) No laboratory data reported
T954 39655-39859 Sentence denotes ARDS, acute respiratory distress syndrome; CT, computed tomography; HBV, hepatitis B virus; ICU, intensive care unit; IQR, interquartile range; M, median; m, mean; ±, standard deviation; NR, not reported.
T955 39860-39962 Sentence denotes a AST and ALT are reported as units per liter while bilirubin is reported as milligrams per deciliter.
T956 39963-40031 Sentence denotes Supplementary Table 2 Direct Evidence of Proposed COVID-19 Therapies
T957 40032-40099 Sentence denotes Medication class Medication Sourcea Study Design GI adverse effects
T958 40100-40163 Sentence denotes Nausea/vomiting Abdominal pain Diarrhea Jaundice Hepatotoxicity
T959 40164-40318 Sentence denotes Antiviral Favipiravir Cai, 2020109 Open-label control study (favipiravir and lopinavir/ ritonavir) for COVID-19 NR NR 2/35 (5.7%) had diarrhea 1/35 (2.9%)
T960 40319-40456 Sentence denotes Chen, 202092 Open-label RCT for favipiravir vs arbidol (n = 120) in COVID-19 “Digestive tract reactions” 16/116 (13.79%) NR 9/116 (7.76%)
T961 40457-40793 Sentence denotes Lopinavir/ritonavir Cao,89 2020 RCT in severe COVID-19 (n = 199) 10/95 with nausea + 6/96 vomiting (reported separately) vs 0/99 with nausea and 0/99 with vomiting in control 4/95 in treatment group vs 2/99 in control group 4/95 in treatment group vs 0/99 in control group 6/95 in treatment group vs. 5/99 in control group Elevated AST:
T962 40794-40852 Sentence denotes 4/95 in treatment vs. 9/99 in control group; Elevated ALT:
T963 40853-40895 Sentence denotes 2/95 in treatment vs 5/99 in control group
T964 40896-41017 Sentence denotes Remdesivir Holshue,103 2020 Case report (first COVID in United States): remdesvir given day 7; no adverse events reported
T965 41018-41168 Sentence denotes Antimalarial Chloroquine Cortegiani,104 2020 Systematic review on efficacy and safety in COVID-19 Not reported in systematic review or primary studies
T966 41169-41187 Sentence denotes Hydroxychloroquine
T967 41188-41205 Sentence denotes NR, not reported.
T968 41206-41267 Sentence denotes a Sources include existing systematic reviews where possible.
T969 41268-41313 Sentence denotes If not available, primary sources are listed.
T970 41314-41384 Sentence denotes Supplementary Table 3 Indirect Evidence of Proposed COVID-19 Therapies
T971 41385-41453 Sentence denotes Medication class Medication Sourcea Indirect GI adverse events Other
T972 41454-41517 Sentence denotes Nausea/vomiting Abdominal pain Diarrhea Jaundice Hepatotoxicity
T973 41518-41713 Sentence denotes Antiviral Lopinavir/ritonavir FDA/ manufacturer's label110 HIV Nausea (5%–16%); vomiting (children 21%; adults 2%–7%) Reported 1%–11% 7%–28%; greater with once-daily dosing — Increased serum ALT:
T974 41714-41765 Sentence denotes 1%–11%; hepatitis including AST/ALT/GGT elevations:
T975 41766-41959 Sentence denotes 4%; hyperbilirubinemia (children 3%; adults 1%) Dysgeusia (children 22%; adults <2%); hyperamylasemia (3%–8%), dyspepsia (<6%), increased lipase (3%–5%), flatulence (1-4%), gastroenteritis (3%)
T976 41960-42004 Sentence denotes NIH Liver Tox111 HIV Range from mild to ALF.
T977 42005-42027 Sentence denotes Recovery takes 1–2 mo.
T978 42028-42064 Sentence denotes Do not re-challenge with medication.
T979 42065-42100 Sentence denotes Monitor for exacerbation of HBV/HCV
T980 42101-42168 Sentence denotes Momattin,105 2019 MERS Prevalence of GI AEs not reported in this SR
T981 42169-42253 Sentence denotes Yao,106 2020 SARS/MERS AEs not reported in this SR (can check primary studies) SARS:
T982 42254-42316 Sentence denotes 2 retrospective cohort studies (combined with steroids); MERS:
T983 42317-42445 Sentence denotes 1 RCT combined with IFN, 1 retrospective cohort combined with IFN/ribavirin, and 2 case reports also combined with IFN/ribavirin
T984 42446-42480 Sentence denotes Remdesivir Al-Tawfiq,107 2020 MERS
T985 42481-42502 Sentence denotes Sheahan,108 2020 MERS
T986 42503-42777 Sentence denotes Antimalarial Chloroquine FDA/ manufacturer's label/NIH Liver Tox111,112 Malaria Reported; frequency not defined Abdominal cramps reported; frequency not defined Reported; frequency not defined Rarely linked to aminotransferase elevations or clinically apparent liver injury.
T987 42778-42990 Sentence denotes In patients with AIP or PCT, it can trigger an attack with fever and serum aminotransferase elevations, sometimes resulting in jaundice Minor metabolism by liver (∼30%); mostly excreted in urine Likelihood score:
T988 42991-43050 Sentence denotes D (possible rare cause of clinically apparent liver injury)
T989 43051-43375 Sentence denotes Hydroxychloroquine113 FDA / Manufacturer's label Malaria / SLE Reported; frequency not defined Reported; frequency not defined Reported; frequency not defined Same as chloroquine above; can be exchanged with chloroquine as most reactions are hypersensitivity and no known cross reactivity to hepatic injury Likelihood score:
T990 43376-43435 Sentence denotes D (possible rare cause of clinically apparent liver injury)
T991 43436-43737 Sentence denotes AE, adverse event; AIP, acute intermittent porphyria; ALF, acute liver failure; GGT, gamma-glutamyl transferase; HBV, hepatitis B virus; HCV, hepatitis C virus; IFN, interferon; NIH, National Institutes of Health; PCT, porphyria cutanea tarda; SLE, systemic lupus erythematosus; SR, systematic review.
T992 43738-43799 Sentence denotes a Sources include existing systematic reviews where possible.
T993 43800-43845 Sentence denotes If not available, primary sources are listed.