LitCovid-sentences  

PMC:7212965 / 54684-98552 JSONTXT 10 Projects

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Id Subject Object Predicate Lexical cue
T358 0-22 Sentence denotes Supplementary Material
T359 23-67 Sentence denotes Supplement Figure 1 PRISMA 2009 Flow Diagram
T360 68-147 Sentence denotes Supplementary Figure 2 The matrix used in the selection of the Chinese studies.
T361 148-182 Sentence denotes The X-axis represents the studies.
T362 183-240 Sentence denotes The Y axis represent the hospitals included in the study.
T363 241-309 Sentence denotes The size of the bubble reflects the number of patients in the study.
T364 310-499 Sentence denotes Two studies by Guan et al101,102 were not included in the plot as they included patients from more than 500 hospitals from 30 or more provinces without providing the names of the hospitals.
T365 500-627 Sentence denotes Supplementary Figure 3 Forest plot of the prevalence of diarrhea in all admitted patients regardless of the timing of diarrhea.
T366 628-777 Sentence denotes Supplementary Figure 4 Forest plot of the prevalence of diarrhea as one of the initial symptoms in all patients regardless of hospitalization status.
T367 778-899 Sentence denotes Supplementary Figure 5 Forest plot of the prevalence of diarrhea as one of the initial symptoms in all admitted patients.
T368 900-1017 Sentence denotes Supplementary Figure 6 Forest plot of the prevalence of diarrhea in outpatients regardless of the timing of diarrhea.
T369 1018-1174 Sentence denotes Supplementary Figure 7 Forest plot of the prevalence of nausea/vomiting as one of the initial symptoms in all patients regardless of hospitalization status.
T370 1175-1330 Sentence denotes Supplementary Figure 8 Forest plot of the prevalence of abdominal pain as one of the initial symptoms in all patients regardless of hospitalization status.
T371 1331-1400 Sentence denotes Supplementary Figure 9 Forest plot of the prevalence of elevated AST.
T372 1401-1471 Sentence denotes Supplementary Figure 10 Forest plot of the prevalence of elevated ALT.
T373 1472-1554 Sentence denotes Supplementary Figure 11 Forest plot of the prevalence of elevated total bilirubin.
T374 1555-1604 Sentence denotes Supplementary Table 1 Summary of Included Studies
T375 1605-1704 Sentence denotes Study characteristics Patient characteristics Gastrointestinal manifestations Liver Manifestationsa
T376 1705-1726 Sentence denotes Hubei Province, China
T377 1727-1770 Sentence denotes  Luo, 202050Zhongnan Hospital (Wuhan)Dates:
T378 1771-1828 Sentence denotes 01/01/2020-02/20/2020Last follow-up: NR n = 1141Survival:
T379 1829-1874 Sentence denotes 3.8% (7/183) death, 96.2% recoveredInclusion:
T380 1875-1921 Sentence denotes Inpatients with COVID-19 (throat swab RT-PCR).
T381 1922-1953 Sentence denotes All patients received chest CT.
T382 1954-2046 Sentence denotes Details only provided for the 183 patients with GI symptoms.Age: m 53.8 y (183 patients)Sex:
T383 2047-2125 Sentence denotes 44.3% (81/183) femalesGI/liver comorbidities: NRDisease severity: NR Diarrhea:
T384 2126-2174 Sentence denotes 6.0% (n = 68)Present on admissionAbdominal pain:
T385 2175-2215 Sentence denotes 3.9% (n = 45)Present on admissionNausea:
T386 2216-2260 Sentence denotes 11.7% (n = 134)Present on admissionVomiting:
T387 2261-2312 Sentence denotes 10.4% (119)Present on admissionNausea and vomiting:
T388 2313-2461 Sentence denotes 3.2% (n = 37)Present on admission183 patients presented with GI symptoms only (diarrhea, abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, and/or loss of appetite).
T389 2462-2567 Sentence denotes 96% of them had lung lesions on chest CT AST (183 patients) m 65.8 ± 12.7ALT (183 patients) m 66.4 ± 13.2
T390 2568-2613 Sentence denotes  Zhou, 202020Jinyintan Hospital (Wuhan)Dates:
T391 2614-2650 Sentence denotes 12/29/2019-01/31/2020Last follow-up:
T392 2651-2678 Sentence denotes 01/31/2020 n = 191Survival:
T393 2679-2718 Sentence denotes 28.3% death, 71.8% dischargedInclusion:
T394 2719-2796 Sentence denotes Inpatients with COVID-19 (confirmed with RT-PCR) who died or were discharged.
T395 2797-2847 Sentence denotes Patients without key information excluded (9).Age:
T396 2848-2873 Sentence denotes M 56 y (IQR, 46–67 y)Sex:
T397 2874-2930 Sentence denotes 37.7% femalesGI/liver comorbidities: NRDisease severity:
T398 2931-2951 Sentence denotes General 28%, severe:
T399 2952-2979 Sentence denotes 35%, critical 28% Diarrhea:
T400 2980-3051 Sentence denotes 4.7% (9/191)Present on admission2 died and 7 dischargedNausea/vomiting:
T401 3052-3141 Sentence denotes 3.7% (7/191)Present on admission3 died and 4 dischargedAbdominal pain: NR AST: NRALT >40:
T402 3142-3200 Sentence denotes 31.2% (59/189)26 died and 33 dischargedTotal bilirubin: NR
T403 3201-3224 Sentence denotes  Zhang, 202023Wuhan No.
T404 3225-3249 Sentence denotes 7 Hospital (Wuhan)Dates:
T405 3250-3318 Sentence denotes 1/16/2020-02/03/2020Last follow-up: NR n = 140Survival: NRInclusion:
T406 3319-3403 Sentence denotes Inpatient with COVID-19 (pharyngeal swab PCR) based on symptoms and chest x-ray.Age:
T407 3404-3429 Sentence denotes 57 y (range, 25–87 y)Sex:
T408 3430-3466 Sentence denotes 49.3% femalesGI/liver comorbidities:
T409 3467-3717 Sentence denotes 5.7% fatty liver and abnormal liver function, 5.0% chronic gastritis and gastric ulcer, 4.3% cholelithiasis, 6.4% cholecystectomy 5.0% appendectomy, 0.7% hemorrhoidectomy, 4.3% tumor surgeryDisease severity: severe 41.4% and nonsevere 58.6% Diarrhea:
T410 3718-3801 Sentence denotes 12.9% (18/139)Present on admission9/82 nonsevere cases and 9/57 severe casesNausea:
T411 3802-3888 Sentence denotes 17.3% (24/139)Present on admission19/82 nonsevere cases and 5/57 severe casesVomiting:
T412 3889-4061 Sentence denotes 5.0% (7/139)Present on admission5/82 nonsevere cases and 2/57 severe casesBelching 5.0% (7/139)Present on admission4/82 nonsevere cases and 3/57 severe casesAbdominal pain:
T413 4062-4262 Sentence denotes 5.8% (8/139)Present on admission2/82 nonsevere cases and 6/57 severe casesOther pathogens were detected including Mycoplasma pneumoniae in 5, respiratory syncytial virus in 1, Epstein-Barr virus in 1.
T414 4263-4290 Sentence denotes AST, ALT, and bilirubin: NR
T415 4291-4333 Sentence denotes  Chen, 202072Tongji Hospital (Wuhan)Dates:
T416 4334-4370 Sentence denotes 01/13/2020-02/12/2020Last follow-up:
T417 4371-4398 Sentence denotes 02/28/2020 n = 274Survival:
T418 4399-4437 Sentence denotes 52.2% death, 47.8% recoveredInclusion:
T419 4438-4583 Sentence denotes Moderate severity, severe or critically ill COVID-19 patients (throat swab or bronchoalveolar lavage RT-PCR) who were deceased or discharged.Age:
T420 4584-4612 Sentence denotes M 62.0 y (IQR, 44–70 y) sex:
T421 4613-4648 Sentence denotes 37.6% femaleGI/liver comorbidities:
T422 4649-4768 Sentence denotes 4% hepatitis B surface antigen positivity, 1% GI diseasesDisease severity: moderate severity, severe or critically ill.
T423 4769-4778 Sentence denotes Diarrhea:
T424 4779-4857 Sentence denotes 28.1% (n = 77)Present on admission27/113 deceased and 50/161 dischargedNausea:
T425 4858-4936 Sentence denotes 8.8% (n = 24)Present on admission8/113 deceased and 16/161 dischargedVomiting:
T426 4937-5021 Sentence denotes 5.8% (n = 16)Present on admission6/113 deceased and 10/161 dischargedAbdominal pain:
T427 5022-5100 Sentence denotes 6.9% (n = 19)Present on admission6/113 deceased and 13/161 discharged AST >40:
T428 5101-5166 Sentence denotes 30.7% (84)59/113 deceased and 25/161 dischargedM 30 (IQR, 22–46).
T429 5167-5234 Sentence denotes Deceased M 45 (IQR, 31–67) and discharged M 25 (IQR, 20–33)ALT >41:
T430 5235-5300 Sentence denotes 21.9% (60)30/113 deceased and 30/161 dischargedM 23 (IQR, 15–38).
T431 5301-5390 Sentence denotes Deceased M 28 (IQR, 18–47) and discharged M 20 (IQR, 15–32)BilirubinM 0.6 (IQR, 0.4–0.8).
T432 5391-5456 Sentence denotes Deceased M 0.7 (IQR, 0.6–1.0) and discharged M 0.5 (IQR, 0.3–0.7)
T433 5457-5497 Sentence denotes  Xu, 202031Tongji Hospital (Wuhan)Dates:
T434 5498-5566 Sentence denotes 1/15/2020-2/19/2020Last follow-up: NR n = 1324Survival: NRInclusion:
T435 5567-5659 Sentence denotes Outpatient COVID-19 patients presenting to fever clinic, based on PCR.Age: m 48 ± 15.3 ySex:
T436 5660-5716 Sentence denotes 50.8% femalesGI/liver comorbidities: NRDisease severity:
T437 5717-5776 Sentence denotes 95.9% light condition, 3.8% severe, 0.3% critical Diarrhea:
T438 5777-5823 Sentence denotes 2.1% (28)Present on admissionLoss of appetite:
T439 5824-5891 Sentence denotes 4.2%Present on admissionNausea, vomiting, and abdominal pain: NR NR
T440 5892-5933 Sentence denotes  Shi, 202042Renmin Hospital (Wuhan)Dates:
T441 5934-5967 Sentence denotes 1/1/2020-2/10/2020Last follow-up:
T442 5968-5994 Sentence denotes 2/15/2020 n = 645Survival:
T443 5995-6047 Sentence denotes 7.3% death, 5.1% discharged (416 patients)Inclusion:
T444 6048-6101 Sentence denotes Inpatient laboratory-confirmed COVID-19, consecutive.
T445 6102-6171 Sentence denotes Detailed results reported for 416 patients with complete results.Age:
T446 6172-6202 Sentence denotes M 45–64 y (range, 21–95 y)Sex:
T447 6203-6238 Sentence denotes 52.9% femaleGI/liver comorbidities:
T448 6239-6303 Sentence denotes 1% hepatitis B infection (of 416 patients)Severity: NR Diarrhea:
T449 6304-6455 Sentence denotes 4.5% (29)Present on admissionAbdominal pain, nausea, vomiting: NR AST (416 patients)M 30 (IQR, 22–43).ALT (416 patients)M 28 (IQR, 18–46).Bilirubin: NR
T450 6456-6493 Sentence denotes  Han, 202062Wuhan No.1 HospitalDates:
T451 6494-6579 Sentence denotes 1/4/2020-2/3/2020Last follow-up: NR n = 108Survival: NR death, NR recoveredInclusion:
T452 6580-6859 Sentence denotes Inpatients COVID-19 (confirmed by RT-PCR) with mild pneumonia, no history of other lung infection, initial CT performed.Exclusion: CT scans performed as follow-up for COVID-19 pneumonia, or chest CT image quality insufficient for image analysisAge: mean 45 y (range, 21–90 y)Sex:
T453 6860-6896 Sentence denotes 64.8% femalesGI/liver comorbidities:
T454 6897-6940 Sentence denotes Not specifiedDisease severity: NR Diarrhea:
T455 6941-7017 Sentence denotes 14% (15/108)Abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting: NR No laboratory data reported
T456 7018-7057 Sentence denotes  Xu, 202030Union Hospital (Wuhan)Dates:
T457 7058-7092 Sentence denotes 1/25/2020-2/20/2020Last follow-up:
T458 7093-7132 Sentence denotes 2/20/2020 n = 355Survival: NRInclusion:
T459 7133-7189 Sentence denotes Inpatients with COVID-19, confirmed based on RT-PCR.Age:
T460 7190-7248 Sentence denotes 45.1% aged <50 y, 41.7% aged 50–69 y, 13.2% aged ≥70 ySex:
T461 7249-7305 Sentence denotes 45.6% femalesGI/liver comorbidities: NRDisease severity:
T462 7306-7354 Sentence denotes 63.1% mild, 16.9% severe, 20% critical Diarrhea:
T463 7355-7410 Sentence denotes 36.6% (130/355)Abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting NR AST:
T464 7411-7453 Sentence denotes 28.7% (102/355) m 40.8 (range, 10–475)ALT:
T465 7454-7506 Sentence denotes 25.6% (91/355) m 35.0 (range, 1–414)Total bilirubin:
T466 7507-7546 Sentence denotes 18.6% (66/355) m 0.83 (range, 0.1–29.9)
T467 7547-7598 Sentence denotes  Ma, 202049Wuhan Leishenshan Hospital (Wuhan)Dates:
T468 7599-7664 Sentence denotes 3/5/2020-3/18/2020Last follow-up: NR n = 81Survival: NRInclusion:
T469 7665-7732 Sentence denotes Inpatients with COVID-19 (RT-PCR on nasal and pharyngeal swabs)Age:
T470 7733-7762 Sentence denotes M 38 y (IQR, 34.5–42.5 y)Sex:
T471 7763-7815 Sentence denotes 0% femaleGI/liver comorbidities: NRDisease severity:
T472 7816-7870 Sentence denotes 2.5% mild, 86.4% moderate, 8.6% severe, 2.5% critical.
T473 7871-7880 Sentence denotes Diarrhea:
T474 7881-8046 Sentence denotes 7.41% (6/81)Nausea/vomiting: NRAbdominal pain: NR AST/ALT - composite report 31/81 abnormal but no thresholdAST M 23 (IQR, 12–453)ALT M 43 (IQR, 13–799)Bilirubin: NR
T475 8047-8123 Sentence denotes  Liu, 202054General Hospital of Central Theater Command of PLA (Wuhan)Dates:
T476 8124-8265 Sentence denotes 2/6/2020 - 2/14/2020Last follow-up: NR n = 153 (85 tested negative but had symptoms, we did not include those patients)Survival: NRInclusion:
T477 8266-8323 Sentence denotes Inpatients with COVID-19 (RT-PCR on pharyngeal swabs)Age:
T478 8324-8419 Sentence denotes M 55 y (IQR, 38.3–65 y)Sex:39.2% femaleGI/liver comorbidities: NRDisease severity: NR Diarrhea:
T479 8420-8460 Sentence denotes 9.2% (14/153)Present on admissionNausea:
T480 8461-8502 Sentence denotes 1.3% (2/153)Present on admissionVomiting:
T481 8503-8548 Sentence denotes 2% (3/153)Present on admissionAbdominal pain:
T482 8549-8609 Sentence denotes 0.4% (1/153)Present on admission AST, ALT, and bilirubin: NR
T483 8610-8665 Sentence denotes  Huang, 202061The Fifth Hospital of Wuhan (Wuhan)Dates:
T484 8666-8700 Sentence denotes 1/21/2020-2/10/2020Last follow-up:
T485 8701-8726 Sentence denotes 2/14/2020 n = 36Survival:
T486 8727-8747 Sentence denotes 100% deathInclusion:
T487 8748-8899 Sentence denotes Inpatients with COVID-19 (RT-PCR)Age: mean 69.22 y (SD 9.64 y; range, 50–90 y)Sex:30.56% femaleGI/liver comorbidities: NRDisease severity: NR Diarrhea:
T488 8900-9099 Sentence denotes 8.33% (3/36)Present on admissionNausea: NRVomiting: NRAbdominal pain: NR AST: >40 58.1% (18/31)M 43 (IQR, 30–51)ALT: >50 13.3% (4/30)M 26 (IQR, 18–38)Bilirubin: >25 12.9% (4/31)M 11.2 (IQR, 7.5–19.2)
T489 9100-9140 Sentence denotes  Mao, 202048Union Hospital (Wuhan)Dates:
T490 9141-9195 Sentence denotes 1/16/2020-2/19/2020Last follow-up: NR n = 214Survival:
T491 9196-9236 Sentence denotes 1 died but not fully reported.Inclusion:
T492 9237-9306 Sentence denotes Inpatients with COVID-19 (RT-PCR from throat)Age: m 52.7 ± 15.5 ySex:
T493 9307-9362 Sentence denotes 59.3% femaleGI/liver comorbidities: NRDisease severity:
T494 9363-9402 Sentence denotes 58.9% nonsevere, 41.1% severe Diarrhea:
T495 9403-9514 Sentence denotes 19.2% (41/214)Present on admissionSevere disease 14.8% (13/88), nonsevere disease 22.2% (28/126)Abdominal pain:
T496 9515-9774 Sentence denotes 4.7% (10/214), not included in the analysisPresent on admissionSevere disease 6.8% (6/88), nonsevere disease 3.2% (4/126)Nausea and vomiting: NR AST 26 (8–8191)Severe 34 (8–8191), non-severe 23 (9–244)ALT 26 (5–1933)Severe 32.5 (5–1933), non-severe 23 (6–261)
T497 9775-9824 Sentence denotes  Ai, 202076Xiangyang No.1 People’s HospitalDates:
T498 9825-9872 Sentence denotes Cross-sectional study 2/9/2020 n = 102Survival:
T499 9873-9933 Sentence denotes 2.9% died, 6.9% survived, 90.2% still hospitalizedInclusion:
T500 9934-10003 Sentence denotes Inpatients with laboratory-confirmed COVID-19Age: m 50.4 ± 16.9 ySex:
T501 10004-10073 Sentence denotes 49.1% femalesGI/liver comorbidities: NRDisease severity: NR Diarrhea:
T502 10074-10155 Sentence denotes 14.3% (15)Present on admissionDiarrhea was the first symptom in 2 patientsNausea:
T503 10156-10193 Sentence denotes 8.8% (9)Present on admissionVomiting:
T504 10194-10237 Sentence denotes 2.0% (2)Present on admissionAbdominal pain:
T505 10238-10275 Sentence denotes 2.9% (3)Present on admission AST >40:
T506 10276-10319 Sentence denotes 25.5% (26/102)Mean 30.59 (SD 15.03)ALT >50:
T507 10320-10373 Sentence denotes 19.6% (20/102)Mean 27.77 (SD 21.13)Total bilirubin NR
T508 10374-10425 Sentence denotes  Liu, 202052Central Hospital of Wuhan (Wuhan)Dates:
T509 10426-10478 Sentence denotes 1/2/2020-2/1/2020Last follow-up: NR n = 109Survival:
T510 10479-10513 Sentence denotes 28.4% died, NR otherwiseInclusion:
T511 10514-10582 Sentence denotes Inpatient with COVID-19 confirmed based on RT-PCR on throat swabAge:
T512 10583-10613 Sentence denotes M 62.5 y (IQR, 47.25–65 y)Sex:
T513 10614-10683 Sentence denotes 33.3% femalesGI/liver comorbidities: NRDisease severity: NR Diarrhea:
T514 10684-10919 Sentence denotes 11% (12)Present on admission6/12 with ARDS and 6/12 with no ARDSNausea, vomiting and abdominal pain: NR AST:M 30 (IQR, 21–40)No ARDS 29 (19–38); ARDS 31 (25–44)ALT:M 23 (IQR, 15–36)No ARDS 23 (14–41); ARDS 24 (16–31)Total bilirubin: NR
T515 10920-10977 Sentence denotes  Shu, 202041Cabin Hospital of Wuhan Stadium (Wuhan)Dates:
T516 10978-11032 Sentence denotes 2/13/2020-2/29/2020Last follow-up: NR n = 545Survival:
T517 11033-11094 Sentence denotes 85.9% discharged, 14.1% still hospitalized, 0% diedInclusion:
T518 11095-11145 Sentence denotes Inpatient with COVID-19 confirmed based on RT-PCR.
T519 11146-11196 Sentence denotes Severe cases requiring transfer were excluded.Age:
T520 11197-11222 Sentence denotes M 50 y (IQR, 38–58 y)Sex:
T521 11223-11259 Sentence denotes 51.2% femalesGI/liver comorbidities:
T522 11260-11300 Sentence denotes 0 chronic liver diseaseDisease severity:
T523 11301-11348 Sentence denotes 2.9% mild, 97.1% moderate, 0 severe (excluded).
T524 11349-11358 Sentence denotes Diarrhea:
T525 11359-11407 Sentence denotes 8.9% (49)Present on admissionNausea or vomiting:
T526 11408-11443 Sentence denotes 0% (0)Present on admission AST >45:
T527 11444-11484 Sentence denotes 6.4% (35)M 32.1 (IQR, 24.5–36.4)ALT >50:
T528 11485-11532 Sentence denotes 7.5% (41)M 34.6 (IQR, 26.2–42.3)Bilirubin >1.2:
T529 11533-11564 Sentence denotes 34.7% (189)M 1.1 (IQR, 0.8–1.3)
T530 11565-11645 Sentence denotes  Wei, 202034Wuhan Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine Hospital (Wuhan)Dates:
T531 11646-11699 Sentence denotes 2/1/2020-2/28/2020Last follow-up: NR n = 100Survival:
T532 11700-11757 Sentence denotes 3% died, 1% discharged, 96% still hospitalized.Inclusion:
T533 11758-11809 Sentence denotes Inpatients with COVID-19 confirmed based on RT-PCR.
T534 11810-11850 Sentence denotes Only mild cases.Age: m 49.1 ± 17.2 ySex:
T535 11851-11885 Sentence denotes 60% femalesGI/liver comorbidities:
T536 11886-11953 Sentence denotes 9% digestive system diseases, 6% chronic gastritisDisease severity:
T537 11954-11964 Sentence denotes 100% mild.
T538 11965-11974 Sentence denotes Diarrhea:
T539 11975-12010 Sentence denotes 2% (2)Present on admissionVomiting:
T540 12011-12051 Sentence denotes 2% (2)Present on admission AST elevated:
T541 12052-12071 Sentence denotes 5 (5%)ALT elevated:
T542 12072-12105 Sentence denotes 17 (17%)Total bilirubin abnormal:
T543 12106-12112 Sentence denotes 0 (0%)
T544 12113-12136 Sentence denotes Other Chinese Provinces
T545 12137-12254 Sentence denotes  Chen, 202073The First Affiliated Hospital of Wanan Medical College (Wuhu)AnhuiDates: NA (Case series) n = 9Survival:
T546 12255-12280 Sentence denotes 100% dischargedInclusion:
T547 12281-12357 Sentence denotes Inpatients with COVID-19 confirmed on RT-PCR via swabAge: range, 25–56 ySex:
T548 12358-12414 Sentence denotes 44.4% femalesGI/liver comorbidities: NRDisease severity:
T549 12415-12468 Sentence denotes 55.6% moderately ill and 44.4% severely ill Diarrhea:
T550 12469-12494 Sentence denotes 22.2% (2)Nausea/vomiting:
T551 12495-12516 Sentence denotes 0% (0)Abdominal pain:
T552 12517-12551 Sentence denotes 0% (0) AST, ALT, and bilirubin: NR
T553 12552-12658 Sentence denotes  Zhao, 202021First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China (Hefei)AnhuiDates:
T554 12659-12725 Sentence denotes 1/21/2020-2/16/2020Last follow-up: NR n = 75Survival: NRInclusion:
T555 12726-12771 Sentence denotes Inpatients with COVID-19 based on RT-PCR.Age:
T556 12772-12797 Sentence denotes M 47 y (IQR, 34–55 y)Sex:
T557 12798-12889 Sentence denotes 44% femalesGI/liver comorbidities: chronic liver disease 5.3%Disease severity: NR Diarrhea:
T558 12890-12933 Sentence denotes 9.3% (7)Present on admissionAbdominal pain:
T559 12934-12991 Sentence denotes 1.3% (1)Present on admissionNausea/vomiting: NR AST > 40:
T560 12992-13027 Sentence denotes 18.7% (14)M 27 (IQR, 21–37)ALT >40:
T561 13028-13068 Sentence denotes 20% (15)M 23 (IQR, 14–43)Bilirubin >1.2:
T562 13069-13195 Sentence denotes 16% (12)M 0.85 (IQR, 0.65–1.06)ALT, ALT, and total bilirubin were not associated with elevated interleukin-6 (a study outcome)
T563 13196-13244 Sentence denotes  Zhao, 202022Beijing YouAn HospitalBeijingDates:
T564 13245-13278 Sentence denotes 1/21/2020-2/8/2020Last follow-up:
T565 13279-13304 Sentence denotes 2/29/2020 n = 77Survival:
T566 13305-13368 Sentence denotes 6.5% died, 83.1% discharged, 10.4% still hospitalizedInclusion:
T567 13369-13429 Sentence denotes Inpatients with COVID-19 based on RT-PCR.Age: m 52 ± 2 ySex:
T568 13430-13466 Sentence denotes 55.8% femalesGI/liver comorbidities:
T569 13467-13508 Sentence denotes 10.4% digestive diseasesDisease severity:
T570 13509-13545 Sentence denotes 74% non-severe, 26% severe Diarrhea:
T571 13546-13623 Sentence denotes 1.3% (1)Present on admission1/57 nonsevere and 0/20 severeNausea or vomiting:
T572 13624-13710 Sentence denotes 7.8% (6)Present on admission3/57 nonsevere and 3/20 severeAbdominal pain: NR AST > 40:
T573 13711-13778 Sentence denotes 26.0% (20)11/57 non-severe and 9/20 severeM 19 (IQR, 21–42)ALT >40:
T574 13779-13849 Sentence denotes 33.8% (26)17/57 non-severe and 9/20 severeM 28 (IQR, 20–46)BilirubinNR
T575 13850-13904 Sentence denotes  Yang, 202026Chinese PLA General HospitalBeijingDates:
T576 13905-13939 Sentence denotes 12/272019-2/18/2020Last follow-up:
T577 13940-13965 Sentence denotes 2/18/2020 n = 55Survival:
T578 13966-13985 Sentence denotes 3.6% diedInclusion:
T579 13986-14038 Sentence denotes Inpatients with COVID-19, confirmed with RT-PCR.Age:
T580 14039-14079 Sentence denotes M 44 y (IQR, 34–54 y, range, 3–85 y)Sex:
T581 14080-14114 Sentence denotes 40% femalesGI/liver comorbidities:
T582 14115-14158 Sentence denotes 1.8% chronic liver diseaseDisease severity:
T583 14159-14225 Sentence denotes 38.2% mild, 36.4% common, 23.6% severe, and 1.8% extremely severe.
T584 14226-14235 Sentence denotes Diarrhea:
T585 14236-14423 Sentence denotes 3.6% (2)Present on admission0/21 of the patients without pneumonia on admission and 2/34 of the patients with pneumoniaNausea, vomiting, and abdominal pain: NR AST, ALT, and bilirubin: NR
T586 14424-14514 Sentence denotes  Li, 202056The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, ChongqingDates:
T587 14515-14572 Sentence denotes 1/2020-2/2020Last follow-up: n = 83Survival: NRInclusion:
T588 14573-14632 Sentence denotes Inpatients with COVID-19 and at least one abnormal CT scan.
T589 14633-14697 Sentence denotes Patients with normal CT were excluded (8).Age: m 45 ± 12.3 ySex:
T590 14698-14752 Sentence denotes 47% femalesGI/liver comorbidities: NRDisease severity:
T591 14753-14823 Sentence denotes 69.9% ordinary, and 30.1% severe/critical Diarrhea and abdominal pain:
T592 14824-14902 Sentence denotes 8.4% (7)Present on admissionNausea or vomiting: NR AST, ALT, and bilirubin: NR
T593 14903-15054 Sentence denotes  Qi, 202045Chongqing Public Health Medical Center, Chongqing Three Georges Central Hospital, and Qianjiang Central Hospital of ChongqingChongqingDates:
T594 15055-15089 Sentence denotes 1/19/2020-2/16/2020Last follow-up:
T595 15090-15116 Sentence denotes 2/16/2020 n = 267Survival:
T596 15117-15181 Sentence denotes 1.5% died, 38.6% discharged, 59.9% still hospitalized.Inclusion:
T597 15182-15223 Sentence denotes Inpatients with COVID-19 based on RT-PCR.
T598 15224-15269 Sentence denotes Excluded patients with missing data (42).Age:
T599 15270-15295 Sentence denotes M 48 y (IQR, 25–65 y)Sex:
T600 15296-15366 Sentence denotes 44.2% femalesGI/liver comorbidities: GI diseases 4.5%Disease severity:
T601 15367-15410 Sentence denotes 81.3% non-severe and 18.7% severe Diarrhea:
T602 15411-15490 Sentence denotes 3.7% (10)Present on admission7/217 nonsevere and 3/50 severeNausea or vomiting:
T603 15491-15559 Sentence denotes 2.2% (6)Present on admission5/217 nonsevere and 1/50 severeAnorexia:
T604 15560-15650 Sentence denotes 17.2% (46)Present on admission33/217 nonsevere and 13/50 severeAbdominal pain: NR AST >35:
T605 15651-15701 Sentence denotes 7.2% (19)9/217 non-severe and 10/50 severeALT >40:
T606 15702-15760 Sentence denotes 7.5% (20)10/217 non-severe and 10/50 severeBilirubin >1.5:
T607 15761-15801 Sentence denotes 2.2% (6)3/217 non-severe and 3/50 severe
T608 15802-15874 Sentence denotes  Xu, 202029Guangzhou Eighth People’s Hospital (Guangzhou)GuangdongDates:
T609 15875-15940 Sentence denotes 1/23/2020-2/4/2020Last follow-up: NR n = 90Survival: NRInclusion:
T610 15941-16012 Sentence denotes Inpatients with COVID-19 based on RT-PCR who had baseline chest CT.Age:
T611 16013-16040 Sentence denotes M 50 y (range, 18–86 y)Sex:
T612 16041-16110 Sentence denotes 56.7% femalesGI/liver comorbidities: NRDisease severity: NR Diarrhea:
T613 16111-16128 Sentence denotes 5.6% (5)Vomiting:
T614 16129-16144 Sentence denotes 5.6% (5)Nausea:
T615 16145-16156 Sentence denotes 2.2% (2) NR
T616 16157-16248 Sentence denotes  Lin, 202055The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University (Zhuhai)GuangdongDates:
T617 16249-16283 Sentence denotes 1/17/2020-2/15/2020Last follow-up:
T618 16284-16309 Sentence denotes 2/15/2020 n = 95Survival:
T619 16310-16371 Sentence denotes 0% died, 38.9% discharged, 61.1% still hospitalizedInclusion:
T620 16372-16411 Sentence denotes Inpatients with confirmed COVID-19.Age:
T621 16412-16429 Sentence denotes 45.3 ± 18.3 ySex:
T622 16430-16486 Sentence denotes 52.6% femalesGI/liver comorbidities: NRDisease severity:
T623 16487-16527 Sentence denotes 78.9% non-severe, 21.1% severe Diarrhea:
T624 16528-16627 Sentence denotes 24.2% (23)5.2% (5) present on admission.Loose or watery stool, 2-10 bowel movements daily.Vomiting:
T625 16628-16671 Sentence denotes 4.2% (4)0% (0) present on admission.Nausea:
T626 16672-16727 Sentence denotes 17.9% (17)3.2% (3) present on admission.Abdominal pain:
T627 16728-16949 Sentence denotes 2.1% (2)0% (0) present on admission.Epigastric discomfort.11 patients with GI symptoms did not have pneumonia.Viral RNA detected in 31/65 patients including 22/42 who had GI symptoms and 9/23 who did not have GI symptoms.
T628 16950-16988 Sentence denotes AST >35 for females and >40 for males:
T629 16989-17035 Sentence denotes 4.2% (4)ALT >40 for females and >50 for males:
T630 17036-17059 Sentence denotes 5.3% (5)Bilirubin >1.5:
T631 17060-17070 Sentence denotes 23.2% (22)
T632 17071-17115 Sentence denotes  Wen, 202033All Shenzhen CityGuangdongDates:
T633 17116-17149 Sentence denotes 1/1/2020-2/28/2020Last follow-up:
T634 17150-17176 Sentence denotes 2/28/2020 n = 417Survival:
T635 17177-17241 Sentence denotes 0.7% died, 71.7% discharged, 27.6% still hospitalized.Inclusion:
T636 17242-17300 Sentence denotes Inpatients with COVID-19 based on RT-PCR.Age: m 45.4 ySex:
T637 17301-17357 Sentence denotes 52.8% femalesGI/liver comorbidities: NRDisease severity:
T638 17358-17415 Sentence denotes 8.9% mild, 82.5% moderate, 8.6% severe/critical Diarrhea:
T639 17416-17566 Sentence denotes 7.0% (29)Present on admission.23/381 of mild/moderates and 6/36 of severe/criticalNausea, vomiting, and abdominal pain: NR ALT, AST, and bilirubin: NR
T640 17567-18002 Sentence denotes  Xu, 202028First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University (Guangzhou), Dongguan People's Hospital (Dongguan), Foshan First People's Hospital (Foshan), Huizhou Municipal Central Hospital (Huizhou), First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College (Shantou), Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University (Zhanijiang), Zhongshan City People's Hospital (Zhongshan)GuangdongDates: ?-2/28/2020Last follow-up:
T641 18003-18094 Sentence denotes 2/28/2020 n = 45Survival: death 0.2%, 24.4% discharged, 73.3% still hospitalized.Inclusion:
T642 18095-18167 Sentence denotes Critically ill patients with COVID-19 pneumonia.Age: m 56.7 ± 15.4 ySex:
T643 18168-18224 Sentence denotes 35.6% femalesGI/liver comorbidities: NRDisease severity:
T644 18225-18248 Sentence denotes 100% critical Diarrhea:
T645 18249-18291 Sentence denotes 0% (0)Present on admission AST or ALT >40:
T646 18292-18408 Sentence denotes 37.8% (17)AST (n = 44)M 27 (IQR, 22.0–39.5)ALT (n = 44)M 29 (IQR, 20.1–50.0)Bilirubin (n = 44)M 0.91 (IQR, 0.61–1.3)
T647 18409-18452 Sentence denotes  Yan, 202027All Hainan ProvinceHainanDates:
T648 18453-18487 Sentence denotes 1/22/2020-3/13/2020Last follow-up:
T649 18488-18514 Sentence denotes 3/13/2020 n = 168Survival:
T650 18515-18573 Sentence denotes 3.6%, 1.2% still hospitalized, 95.2% discharged.Inclusion:
T651 18574-18618 Sentence denotes Inpatient with COVID-19 based on RT-PCR.Age:
T652 18619-18644 Sentence denotes M 51 y (IQR, 36–62 y)Sex:
T653 18645-18681 Sentence denotes 51.8% femalesGI/liver comorbidities:
T654 18682-18717 Sentence denotes 3.6% chronic liver diseaseSeverity:
T655 18718-18757 Sentence denotes 78.6% nonsevere, 21.4% severe Diarrhea:
T656 18758-18824 Sentence denotes 7.1% (12)Present on admission8/132 nonsevere, 4/36 severeVomiting:
T657 18825-18888 Sentence denotes 4.2% (7)Present on admission5/132 nonsevere, 2/36 severeNausea:
T658 18889-18960 Sentence denotes 5.4% (9)Present on admission6/132 nonsevere, 3/36 severeAbdominal pain:
T659 18961-19026 Sentence denotes 4.2% (7)Present on admission5/132 nonsevere, 2/36 severe AST >40:
T660 19027-19078 Sentence denotes 17.3% (18/104)7/75 non-severe, 11/29 severeALT >40:
T661 19079-19134 Sentence denotes 8.0% (9/112)5/81 non-severe, 4/31 severeBilirubin >1.5:
T662 19135-19159 Sentence denotes 0M 0.51 (IQR, 0.37–0.78)
T663 19160-19245 Sentence denotes  Wang, 202035First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University (Zhengzhou)HenanDates:
T664 19246-19279 Sentence denotes 1/21/2020-2/7/2020Last follow-up:
T665 19280-19304 Sentence denotes 2/7/2020 n = 18Survival:
T666 19305-19365 Sentence denotes 0 died, 33.3% discharged, 66.7% still hospitalizedInclusion:
T667 19366-19394 Sentence denotes Inpatients with COVID-19Age:
T668 19395-19420 Sentence denotes M 39 y (IQR, 29–55 y)Sex:
T669 19421-19488 Sentence denotes 50% femalesGI/liver comorbidities: NRDisease severity: NR Diarrhea:
T670 19489-19575 Sentence denotes 16.7% (3)Present on admissionVomiting, nausea, abdominal pain: NR AST or ALT elevated:
T671 19576-19596 Sentence denotes 25% (4)Bilirubin: NR
T672 19597-19693 Sentence denotes  Chen, 202071First Hospital of Changsha (Changsha) and Loudi Central Hospital (Loudi)HunanDates:
T673 19694-19728 Sentence denotes 1/23/2020-2/14/2020Last follow-up:
T674 19729-19756 Sentence denotes 2/202/2020 n = 291Survival:
T675 19757-19820 Sentence denotes 0.7% died, 54.6% discharged, 44.7% still hospitalizedInclusion:
T676 19821-19865 Sentence denotes Inpatients with COVID-19 based on RT-PCRAge:
T677 19866-19906 Sentence denotes M 46 y (IQR, 34–59 y, range, 1–84 y)Sex:
T678 19907-19943 Sentence denotes 50.2% femalesGI/liver comorbidities:
T679 19944-19987 Sentence denotes 5.2% chronic liver diseaseDisease severity:
T680 19988-20045 Sentence denotes 10% mild, 72.8% moderate, 17.2% severe/critical Diarrhea:
T681 20046-20142 Sentence denotes 8.6% (25)Present on admission3/29 mild, 17/212 moderate, 5/50 severe/criticalNausea or vomiting:
T682 20143-20234 Sentence denotes 5.8% (17)Present on admission6/29 mild, 9/212 moderate, 2/50 severe/criticalAbdominal pain:
T683 20235-20319 Sentence denotes 0.3% (1)Present on admission0/29 mild, 0/212 moderate, 1/50 severe/critical AST >37:
T684 20320-20410 Sentence denotes 15.1% (44)5/29 mild, 23/212 moderate, 16/50 severe/criticalM 24.7 (IQR, 19.9–31.4)ALT >42:
T685 20411-20508 Sentence denotes 10.3% (30)4/29 mild, 16/212 moderate, 10/50 severe/criticalM 20.7 (IQR, 14.9-28.9)Bilirubin >1.2:
T686 20509-20586 Sentence denotes 9.3% (27)4/29 mild, 17/212 moderate, 6/50 severe/criticalM 0.6 (IQR, 0.5–0.9)
T687 20587-20632 Sentence denotes  Liu, 202053All Jiangsu ProvinceJiangsuDates:
T688 20633-20667 Sentence denotes 1/10/2020-2/18/2020Last follow-up:
T689 20668-20694 Sentence denotes 2/18/2020 n = 620Survival:
T690 20695-20768 Sentence denotes 0 died, 3.2% in ICU, 56.1% still hospitalized, 40.6% dischargedInclusion:
T691 20769-20809 Sentence denotes Inpatient with COVID-10 based on RT-PCR.
T692 20810-20868 Sentence denotes Patients without records excluded.Age: m 44.5 ± 17.2 ySex:
T693 20869-20925 Sentence denotes 47.4% femalesGI/liver comorbidities: NRDisease severity:
T694 20926-20997 Sentence denotes 15.6% asymptomatic/mild, 75.8% moderate, 8.5% severe/critical Diarrhea:
T695 20998-21488 Sentence denotes 8.5% (53)Present on admission4/97 asymptomatic/mild, 43/469 moderate, 6/53 severe/critically illNausea, vomiting, and abdominal pain: NR AST (387) m 23.3 ± 18.5m 27.3 ± 14.9 in mild/asymptomatic, 32.3 ± 17.5 in moderate, 42.9 ± 28.6 in severe/critically illALT (420) m 31.0 ± 22.4m 26.8 ± 21.6 in asymptomatic/mild, m 31.2 ± 21.1 in moderate, m 39.3 ± 32.5 in severe/critically illBilirubin (460) m 0.6 ± 0.4m 0.7 ± 0.5 mild/asymptomatic, m 0.6 ± 0.4 moderate, m 0.7 ± 0.4 severe/critically
T696 21489-21549 Sentence denotes  Fan, 202067Shenyang Chest Hospital (Shenyang)LiaoningDates:
T697 21550-21603 Sentence denotes 1/20/2020-3/15/2020Last follow-up: NR n = 55Survival:
T698 21604-21628 Sentence denotes 100% recoveredInclusion:
T699 21629-21704 Sentence denotes Recovered hospitalized COVID-19 patients, based on RT-PCR.Age: m 46.8 ySex:
T700 21705-21761 Sentence denotes 45.5% femalesGI/liver comorbidities: NRDisease severity:
T701 21762-21796 Sentence denotes 85.4% mild, 14.5% severe Diarrhea:
T702 21797-21854 Sentence denotes 10.9% (6)4/47 mild/moderate, 2/8 severe/criticalVomiting:
T703 21855-22060 Sentence denotes 7.3% (4)2/47 mild/moderate, 2/8 severe/criticalAbdominal pain: NR ALT m 40.6m 27.8 in mild/moderate and m 57.1 in severe/criticalBilirubin m 19.5m 19.0 in mild/moderate and m 22.4 in severe/criticalAST: NR
T704 22061-22109 Sentence denotes  Yao, 202025Tangdu Hospital (Xi’an)ShaanxiDates:
T705 22110-22173 Sentence denotes 1/21/2020-2/21/2020Last follow-up: NR n = 40Survival:Inclusion:
T706 22174-22199 Sentence denotes Inpatients with COVID-19.
T707 22200-22269 Sentence denotes No baseline LFT abnormality.Age: m 53.9 ± 15.8 y (range, 22–83 y)Sex:
T708 22270-22306 Sentence denotes 37.5% femalesGI/liver comorbidities:
T709 22307-22351 Sentence denotes 0% liver disease or damage.Disease severity:
T710 22352-22392 Sentence denotes 45% non-severe, and 55% severe Diarrhea:
T711 22393-22465 Sentence denotes 7.5% (3)8 patients developed diarrhea due to lopinavir/ritonavir.Nausea:
T712 22466-22514 Sentence denotes 7.5% (3)Vomiting and abdominal pain: NR AST >46:
T713 22515-22583 Sentence denotes 40% (16)Occurred as early as the 4th day up to the 26th day.ALT >66:
T714 22584-22661 Sentence denotes 52.5% (21)Occurred as early as the 4th day up to the 26th day.Bilirubin >1.2:
T715 22662-22722 Sentence denotes 25% (10)Occurred as early as the 4th day up to the 16th day.
T716 22723-22813 Sentence denotes Mostly sligh increase.Liver injury occured in 17/22 critical cases 5/18 noncritical cases.
T717 22814-22972 Sentence denotes  Tian, 202036Liaocheng Infectious Diseases Hospital (Liaocheng) and Liaocheng People’s Hospital (Liaocheng)ShandongDates: NRLast follow-up: NR n = 37Survival:
T718 22973-22998 Sentence denotes 100% dischargedInclusion:
T719 22999-23048 Sentence denotes Inpatients with COVID-19.Age: m 44.3 ± 1.67 ySex:
T720 23049-23083 Sentence denotes 54% femalesGI/liver comorbidities:
T721 23084-23128 Sentence denotes 2.7% cirrhosis/liver cancerDisease severity:
T722 23129-23205 Sentence denotes 13.5% mild, 81.1% moderate, 2.7% severe, 2.7% critical Diarrhea or vomiting:
T723 23206-23277 Sentence denotes 25.8% (8/31)Present on admissionVomiting or abdominal pain: NR AST >40:
T724 23278-23295 Sentence denotes 10.8% (4)ALT >40:
T725 23296-23317 Sentence denotes 5.4% (2)Bilirbuin >1:
T726 23318-23328 Sentence denotes 35.1% (13)
T727 23329-23418 Sentence denotes  Lu, 202051Shanghai Public Health Clinical CenterShanghaiDates: ?-2/9/2020Last follow-up:
T728 23419-23444 Sentence denotes 2/9/2020 n = 265Survival:
T729 23445-23483 Sentence denotes 0.4% died, 17.7% discharged.Inclusion:
T730 23484-23561 Sentence denotes Inpatients with COVID-19 based on RT-PCRAge: NRSex: NRGI/liver comorbidities:
T731 23562-23583 Sentence denotes 0.4%Disease severity:
T732 23584-23641 Sentence denotes 91.7% mild/moderate, 8.3% severe/critically ill Diarrhea:
T733 23642-23735 Sentence denotes 6.4% (17)Present on admission17/243 mild/moderate and 0/22 severe/criticalNausea or vomiting:
T734 23736-24046 Sentence denotes 2.3% (6)Present on admission6/243 mild/moderate and 0/22 severe/criticalAbdominal pain: NR ASTM 24 (IQR, 19–33)M 24 (IQR, 19–31) in mild/moderate and M 39.5 (IQR, 29.7–53.5) in severe/criticalALTM 23 (IQR, 15–33)M 21 (IQR, 15–33) in mild/moderate and M 30 (24.5–34.5) in severe/criticalBilirubinM 0.5 (0.4–0.6)
T735 24047-24126 Sentence denotes  Fu, 202065Chengdu Public Health Clinical Medical Center (Chengdu)SichuanDates:
T736 24127-24160 Sentence denotes 1/1/2020-2/20/2020Last follow-up:
T737 24161-24186 Sentence denotes 2/29/2020 n = 52Survival:
T738 24187-24245 Sentence denotes 100% (excluded patients who were not discharged)Inclusion:
T739 24246-24291 Sentence denotes Inpatients with COVID-19 confirmed by RT-PCR.
T740 24292-24346 Sentence denotes Excluded patients who died or were not discharged.Age:
T741 24347-24378 Sentence denotes M 44.5 y (IQR, 33.0–56.5 y)Sex:
T742 24379-24521 Sentence denotes 46% femalesGI/liver comorbidities: NRDisease severity: common coronavirus pneumonia type 73.1%, severe 19.2%, critically severe 7.7% Diarrhea:
T743 24522-24561 Sentence denotes 13.5% (7/52)Present on admissionNausea:
T744 24562-24997 Sentence denotes 1.9 % (1/52)Present on admissionVomiting and abdominal pain: NR AST M 27 (IQR, 21.2–34.0)ALT M 24 (IQR, 15.3–49)Bilirubin 85 patients M 67.3 (IQR, 63.5–71.4)Patients with laboratory results on admission and discharge n = 23ASTOn presentation M 27 (IQR, 23–35)After discharge M 25 (IQR, 19–39)ALTOn presentation M 25 (IQR, 14–41)After discharge M 31 (IQR, 15–41)BilirubinOn presentation M 66 (IQR, 60–72)After discharge M 65 (IQR, 60–69
T745 24998-25065 Sentence denotes  Fu, 202066Third People’s Hospital of Kunming (Kunming)YunnanDates:
T746 25066-25119 Sentence denotes 1/26/2020-2/15/2020Last follow-up: NR n = 36Survival:
T747 25120-25177 Sentence denotes 17% discharged, 6% ICU, 78% still hospitalized.Inclusion:
T748 25178-25220 Sentence denotes Inpatients with COVID-19 based RT-PCR.Age:
T749 25221-25229 Sentence denotes 45 ySex:
T750 25230-25465 Sentence denotes 55.6% femalesGI/liver comorbidities: NRDisease severity: mild 11% (4), common 83% (30), severe, critical 6% (2) Diarrhea: % (3)Present on admissionVomiting, nausea, and abdominal pain: NR AST 11.1% (4)ALT 11.1% (4)Bilirubin 30.56% (11)
T751 25466-25572 Sentence denotes  Jin, 202060First Affiliated Hospital of College of Medicine, Zhejiang University (Hangzhou)ZhejiangDates:
T752 25573-25608 Sentence denotes 1/17/2020-02/08/2020Last follow-up:
T753 25609-25636 Sentence denotes 02/08/2020 n = 651Survival:
T754 25637-25676 Sentence denotes 0.2% death, NR for the othersInclusion:
T755 25677-25724 Sentence denotes Inpatients with COVID-19.Age: m 45 ± 14.4 ySex:
T756 25725-25781 Sentence denotes 49.2% femalesGI/liver comorbidities: NRDisease severity:
T757 25782-25812 Sentence denotes Severe/critical 9.8% Diarrhea:
T758 25813-25904 Sentence denotes 8.6% (56)Present on admission and prior to treatment.Defined as loose stool >3 times daily.
T759 25905-25974 Sentence denotes Stool cultures were performed with negative results for all patients.
T760 25975-26099 Sentence denotes Clostridium difficile not detected in stool and no recent antibiotic use.Median duration was 4 d (IQR, 3–6 d, range, 1–9 d).
T761 26100-26139 Sentence denotes Most was self-limiting.Nausea/vomiting:
T762 26140-26274 Sentence denotes 4.3% (28)Present on admission.11 only vomiting; 10 only nausea; 3 nausea, vomiting and diarrhea; 4 nausea and vomiting.Any GI Symptom:
T763 26275-26439 Sentence denotes 11.4 (74)Nausea, vomiting or diarrhea.21 patients lacked respiratory symptoms of coughing and sputum production, and presented only with GI symptomsSevere/critical:
T764 26440-26492 Sentence denotes 17/74 with GI symptoms vs 47/577 without GI symptom.
T765 26493-26669 Sentence denotes In those with GI symptoms, risk factors for severe/critical disease were sputum production, increased lactate dehydrogenase and increased glucose on multivariate analysis.ARDS:
T766 26670-26726 Sentence denotes 5/74 with GI symptoms vs 12/577 without GI symptomShock:
T767 26727-26789 Sentence denotes 1/74 with GI symptoms vs 1/577 without GI symptomLiver injury:
T768 26790-26864 Sentence denotes 13/74 with GI symptoms vs 51/577 without GI symptomMechanical ventilation:
T769 26865-26930 Sentence denotes 5/74 with GI symptoms vs 12/577 without GI symptom ICU admission:
T770 26931-27244 Sentence denotes 5/74 with GI symptoms vs 12/577 without GI symptom AST >40: NRGI symptoms M 29.4 (IQR, 29.9–38.6) vs no GI symptoms M 24.4 (IQR, 19.0–32.0)ALT >50: NRGI symptoms M 25.0 (IQR, 15.8–38.5) vs no GI symptoms M 21.5 (IQR, 15.0–32.8)Total bilirubinGI symptoms M 0.6 (IQR, 0.4–0.8) vs no GI symptoms M 0.6 (IQR, 0.4–0.8)
T771 27245-27516 Sentence denotes  Qian, 202044Xiaoshan District People's Hospital (Hangzhou), Ningbo City First Hospital (Ningbo City), Ninghai County First Hospital (Ningbo City), Xiangshan County People's First Hospital (Ningbo City), Affiliated Hospital of Shaoxing University (Shaoxing)ZhejiangDates:
T772 27517-27551 Sentence denotes 1/20/2020-2/11/2020Last follow-up:
T773 27552-27577 Sentence denotes 2/16/2020 n = 91Survival:
T774 27578-27640 Sentence denotes 0% died, 34.1% discharged, 65.9% still hospitalized.Inclusion:
T775 27641-27724 Sentence denotes Inpatients with COVID-19 (88 based on RT-PCR and 3 based on clinical diagnosis)Age:
T776 27725-27752 Sentence denotes M 50 y (IQR, 36.5–57 y)Sex:
T777 27753-27807 Sentence denotes 59% femalesGI/liver comorbidities: NRDisease severity:
T778 27808-27844 Sentence denotes 90.1% mild and 9.9% severe Diarrhea:
T779 27845-27940 Sentence denotes 23.1% (21)Present on admissionVomiting, nausea, and abdominal pain: not extracted Not extracted
T780 27941-28051 Sentence denotes  Chen, 202074Wenzhou Central Hospital (Wenzhou) and Sixth People’s Hospital of Wenzhou (Wenzhou)ZhejiangDates:
T781 28052-28106 Sentence denotes 1/11/2020-2/15/2020Last follow-up: NR n = 175Survival:
T782 28107-28156 Sentence denotes 29.7% discharge, not reported otherwiseInclusion:
T783 28157-28202 Sentence denotes Inpatients with COVID-19 based on RT-PCR.Age:
T784 28203-28228 Sentence denotes M 46 y (IQR, 34–54 y)Sex:
T785 28229-28298 Sentence denotes 52.6% femalesGI/liver comorbidities: NRDisease severity: NR Diarrhea:
T786 28299-28456 Sentence denotes 19.4% (34)Present on admissionAverage of 6 episodes per day, and often ended within 1-4 daysVomiting, nausea, and abdominal pain: not extracted Not extracted
T787 28457-28506 Sentence denotes  Kuang, 202058All Zhejiang ProvinceZhejiangDates:
T788 28507-28573 Sentence denotes 1/1/2020-2/10/2020Last follow-up: NR n = 944Survival: NRInclusion:
T789 28574-28602 Sentence denotes All reported COVID-19 cases.
T790 28603-28659 Sentence denotes Both inpatients and outpatients.Age: m 47.4 ± 22.9 ySex:
T791 28660-28729 Sentence denotes 49.6% femalesGI/liver comorbidities: NRDisease severity: NR Diarrhea:
T792 28730-28781 Sentence denotes 2.7% (21)Vomiting, nausea and abdominal pain: NR NR
T793 28782-28792 Sentence denotes US studies
T794 28793-28853 Sentence denotes  Arentz, 202075Evergreen Hospital (Kirkland)WashingtonDates:
T795 28854-28887 Sentence denotes 2/20/2020-3/5/2020Last follow-up:
T796 28888-28913 Sentence denotes 3/17/2020 n = 21Survival:
T797 28914-28971 Sentence denotes 52.4% died, 9.5% out of IC, 38.1% still in ICU.Inclusion:
T798 28972-29037 Sentence denotes Critically ill COVID-19 patients.Age: m 70 y (range, 43–92 y)Sex:
T799 29038-29072 Sentence denotes 48% femalesGI/liver comorbidities:
T800 29073-29133 Sentence denotes 4.8% cirrhosis, 9.5% solid organ transplantDisease severity:
T801 29134-29289 Sentence denotes 100% critically ill Diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, and abdominal pain: NR AST m 273 (range, 14-4432)ALT m 108 (range, 11-1414)Bilirubin m 0.6 (range, 0.2-1.1)
T802 29290-29355 Sentence denotes  Cholankeril, 202070Stanford University HospitalsCaliforniaDates:
T803 29356-29389 Sentence denotes 3/4/2020-3/24/2020Last follow-up:
T804 29390-29416 Sentence denotes 3/24/2020 n = 116Survival:
T805 29417-29520 Sentence denotes 0.9% died, 86.2% discharged, 4.3% still hospitalized.Inclusion: COVID-19 confirmed based on RT-PCR.Age:
T806 29521-29546 Sentence denotes M 50 y (IQR, 35–67 y)Sex:
T807 29547-29583 Sentence denotes 46.6% femalesGI/liver comorbidities:
T808 29584-29627 Sentence denotes 2.6% chronic liver diseaseDisease severity:
T809 29628-29725 Sentence denotes 71.6% evaluated in ED/clinic only, 20.7% admitted to the medical floor, and 7.8% admitted to ICU.
T810 29726-29735 Sentence denotes Diarrhea:
T811 29736-29789 Sentence denotes 10.3% (12)Present on admissionNausea and/or vomiting:
T812 29790-29835 Sentence denotes 10.3% (12)Present on admissionAbdominal pain:
T813 29836-29965 Sentence denotes 8.8% (10)Present on admissionNone of the patients had isolated GI symptoms or as the initial symptoms.31.9% reported GI symptoms.
T814 29966-30018 Sentence denotes Median duration of GI symptoms was 1 day (IQR, 0–4).
T815 30019-30316 Sentence denotes AST (n = 65)M 35 (IQR, 22–58)In those with any abnormal LFT, M 64 (IQR, 24–76)ALT (n = 65)M 32 (IQR, 22–48)In those with any abnormal LFT, M 59 (IQR, 22–76)Total bilirubin (n = 65)M 0.4 (IQR, 0.3–0.7)In those with any abnormal LFT, M 0.5 (IQR, 0.3–0.7)26 patients developed liver enzyme elevation.
T816 30317-30362 Sentence denotes 22 of them had normal baseline liver enzymes.
T817 30363-30463 Sentence denotes  Nobel, 202047New York–Presbyterian Hospital/Columbia University Irving Medical CenterNew YorkDates:
T818 30464-30498 Sentence denotes 3/10/2020-3/21/2020Last follow-up:
T819 30499-30537 Sentence denotes 18 days after testing n = 278Survival:
T820 30538-30558 Sentence denotes 3.2% died,Inclusion:
T821 30559-30718 Sentence denotes Patients tested for COVID-19 at clinic or emergency department for respiratory symptoms with intent to hospitalize or the same symptoms in essential personnel.
T822 30719-30765 Sentence denotes Excluded patients with insufficient data (42).
T823 30766-30795 Sentence denotes Charts randomly selected.Age:
T824 30796-30872 Sentence denotes 11% aged 18–30 y, 25% aged 31–50 y, 37% aged 51–70 y, and 27% aged >70 ySex:
T825 30873-30927 Sentence denotes 48% femalesGI/liver comorbidities: NRDisease severity:
T826 30928-30989 Sentence denotes 74.5% admitted to hospital, 15.8% admitted to ICU, 3.2% died.
T827 30990-30999 Sentence denotes Diarrhea:
T828 31000-31109 Sentence denotes 20.1% (56)Present on admission42/207 admitted to hospital, 11/44 admitted to ICU, 0/9 died.Vomiting/vomiting:
T829 31110-31238 Sentence denotes 22.7% (63)Present on admission51/207 admitted to hospital, 8/44 admitted to ICU, 0/9 died.Abdominal pain: NR35% had GI symptoms.
T830 31239-31553 Sentence denotes Patients with GI symptoms were more likely to have illness duration of ≥1 week (33%) compared to patients without symptoms (22%).Presence of GI symptoms (diarrhea or nausea/vomiting) was associated with a 70% increased risk of testing positive (adjusted odds ratio 1.7; 95% CI, 1.1–2.5) AST: NRALT: NRBilirubin: NR
T831 31554-31648 Sentence denotes  Hajifathalian, 202063NewYork-Presbytarian Hospital/Weill Cornell Medical CenterNew YorkDates:
T832 31649-31684 Sentence denotes 3/4/2020 to 4/9/2020Last follow-up:
T833 31685-31749 Sentence denotes 4/16/2020 n = 1059 (768 inpatients and 291 outpatients)Survival:
T834 31750-31769 Sentence denotes 9.1% diedInclusion:
T835 31770-31839 Sentence denotes Adults with COVID-19, inpatients and outpatients.Age: m 61 ± 18 ySex:
T836 31840-31876 Sentence denotes 42.3% femalesGI/liver comorbidities:
T837 31877-31973 Sentence denotes 1.6% IBD, 3.0% chronic liver disease, 2.4% solid organ transplant.Disease severity: NR Diarrhea:
T838 31974-32072 Sentence denotes 22.1% (234)Present on admissionInpatients 24.3% (187/768) and outpatients 16.1% (47/291).Vomiting:
T839 32073-32164 Sentence denotes 8.3% (91)Present on admissionInpatients 8.7% (67/768) and outpatients 8.2% (24/291).Nausea:
T840 32165-32269 Sentence denotes 15.3% (168)Present on admissionInpatients 16.0% (123/768) and outpatients 15.5% (45/291).Abdominal pain:
T841 32270-32354 Sentence denotes 6.6% (72)Present on admissionInpatients 7.3% (56/768) and outpatients 5.5% (16/291).
T842 32355-32363 Sentence denotes AST ≥40:
T843 32364-32395 Sentence denotes 56% (n = 844) m 60 ± 79ALT ≥40:
T844 32396-32434 Sentence denotes 39% (n = 844) m 50 ± 65Bilirubin >1.2:
T845 32435-32571 Sentence denotes 11% (n = 844) m 0.7 ± 0.6Presence of liver injury at presentation was associated with higher risk of admission on multivariate analysis.
T846 32572-32687 Sentence denotes  Kujawski, 202057Center of Disease ControlCalifornia, Illinois, Arizona, Massachusetts, Washington, WisconsinDates:
T847 32688-32721 Sentence denotes 1/20/2020-2/5/2020Last follow-up:
T848 32722-32747 Sentence denotes 2/22/2020 n = 12Survival:
T849 32748-32822 Sentence denotes 0% died, 8.3% hospitalized, 41.7% home isolation, 50% recovered.Inclusion:
T850 32823-32889 Sentence denotes Patients under investigation who tested positive for COVID-19.Age:
T851 32890-32917 Sentence denotes M 53 y (range, 21–68 y)Sex:
T852 32918-32954 Sentence denotes 33.3% femalesGI/liver comorbidities:
T853 32955-33010 Sentence denotes 8.3% HBV and 8.3% fatty liver disease.Disease severity:
T854 33011-33042 Sentence denotes 5 outpatients and 7 inpatients.
T855 33043-33052 Sentence denotes Diarrhea:
T856 33053-33153 Sentence denotes 33.3% (4)8.3% (1) present on admission3 while on remdesivir (1 of tham had Giardia and C difficile).
T857 33154-33225 Sentence denotes 1 patient had symptoms for 1 day then developed fever and cough.Nausea:
T858 33226-33277 Sentence denotes 25% (3)8.3% (1) present on admissionAbdominal pain:
T859 33278-33333 Sentence denotes 16.7% (2)Stool PCR positive in 70% (7/10) patients AST:
T860 33334-33405 Sentence denotes 58.3% (7)M 129 (IQR, 46–190)ALT 58.3% (7)M 136 (IQR, 66–389)BilirubinNR
T861 33406-33578 Sentence denotes  Rubin, 202043Stanford University School of MedicineCaliforniaDates: ?-3/11/2020Last follow-up: NR n = 54Survival: NR.Inclusion: COVID-19 patients, not clear otherwise.Age:
T862 33579-33622 Sentence denotes M 53.5 y (IQR, 32–75 y, range, 20–91 y)Sex:
T863 33623-33659 Sentence denotes 46.3% femalesGI/liver comorbidities:
T864 33660-33685 Sentence denotes 1.8% HBVDisease severity:
T865 33686-33901 Sentence denotes 33.3% inpatients and 66.7% outpatients Diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, and abdominal pain: NR ASTFemales m 73.4 ± 61.8 (9) and males m 45.1 ± 19.5 (14)ALTFemales m 69.6 ± 65.2 (9) and males m 43.9 ± 25.8 (13)BilirubinNR
T866 33902-33917 Sentence denotes Other countries
T867 33918-33987 Sentence denotes  COVID-19 National Emergency Response Center, 202069South KoreaDates:
T868 33988-34054 Sentence denotes 1/10/2020-2/14/2020Last follow-up: NR n = 28Survival: NRInclusion:
T869 34055-34127 Sentence denotes Inpatients or outpatient with COVID-19Age: m 42.6 y (range, 20–73 y)Sex:
T870 34128-34197 Sentence denotes 46.1% femalesGI/liver comorbidities: NRDisease severity: NR Diarrhea:
T871 34198-34314 Sentence denotes 7%% (2)Present on admission1 started 2 d after fevers and chills and 1 started 2 d after muscle achesAbdominal pain:
T872 34315-34400 Sentence denotes 4% (1)Present on admissionStomachache 2 d after muscle acheVomiting and nausea: NR NR
T873 34401-34430 Sentence denotes  Young, 202024SingaporeDates:
T874 34431-34464 Sentence denotes 1/23/2020-2/3/2020Last follow-up:
T875 34465-34503 Sentence denotes 2/25/2020 n = 18Survival: NRInclusion:
T876 34504-34543 Sentence denotes Inpatients COVID-19 based on RT-PCRAge:
T877 34544-34571 Sentence denotes M 47 y (range, 31–73 y)Sex:
T878 34572-34696 Sentence denotes 50% femalesGI/liver comorbidities: NRDisease severity: NR (12 patients uncomplicated (67%) 6 required oxygen (33%) Diarrhea:
T879 34697-35040 Sentence denotes 17% (3)Present on admissionNone of these patients required supplemental oxygenVomiting, nausea, and abdominal pain: NRVirus detected by PCR in stool in 4/8 (50%) and in whole blood 1/12 (8%)4 of the 5 patients treated with lopinavir-ritonavir developed nausea, vomiting, and/or diarrhea, and 3 developed abnormal liver function test results NR
T880 35041-35111 Sentence denotes  Sun, 202039The National Centre for Infectious DiseasesSingaporeDates:
T881 35112-35178 Sentence denotes 1/26/2020-2/16/2020Last follow-up: NR n = 54Survival: NRInclusion:
T882 35179-35226 Sentence denotes Patients referred for testing for COVID-19.Age:
T883 35227-35252 Sentence denotes M 42 y (IQR, 34–54 y)Sex:
T884 35253-35287 Sentence denotes 46% femalesGI/liver comorbidities:
T885 35288-35336 Sentence denotes 0 liver diseaseDisease severity: NR GI symptoms:
T886 35337-35445 Sentence denotes 37% (20/54)General GI symptoms per different models were associated with positive COVID adjusted odds ratio.
T887 35446-35498 Sentence denotes 3.73 (95% CI, 1.23–12.45) AST, ALT, and bilirubin NR
T888 35499-35573 Sentence denotes  Pung, 202046SingaporeDates: ?-2/15/2020Last follow-up: NR n = 17Survival:
T889 35574-35591 Sentence denotes 0% diedInclusion:
T890 35592-35628 Sentence denotes Inpatients COVID-19 based on PCRAge:
T891 35629-35717 Sentence denotes M 40 y (36–51 y)Sex:59 % femalesGI/liver comorbidities: NRDisease severity: NR Diarrhea:
T892 35718-35743 Sentence denotes 23.5% (4)Nausea/Vomiting:
T893 35744-35799 Sentence denotes 5.9%% (1)Abdominal pain: NR AST, ALT, and bilirubin: NR
T894 35800-35849 Sentence denotes  Tabata, 202038Diamond Princess CruiseJapanDates:
T895 35850-35904 Sentence denotes 2/11/2020-2/25/2020Last follow-up: NR n = 104Survival:
T896 35905-35935 Sentence denotes 0% died, NR othewiseInclusion:
T897 35936-36015 Sentence denotes Laboratory confirmed patients with COVID-19 on Diamond Princess Cruise shipAge:
T898 36016-36059 Sentence denotes M 68 y (IQR, 46.8–75 y; range, 25–93 y)Sex:
T899 36060-36116 Sentence denotes 54.8% femalesGI/liver comorbidities: NRDisease severity:
T900 36117-36162 Sentence denotes 31.7% asymptomatic, 41.3% mild, 26.9% severe.
T901 36163-36172 Sentence denotes Diarrhea:
T902 36173-36315 Sentence denotes 9.6% (8)Present on admission.2 additional patients develop diarrhea during the hospitalizationVomiting, nausea and abdominal pain: NR AST >38:
T903 36316-36380 Sentence denotes 17.3% (18)9/76 (11.8%) nonsevere and 9/28 (32.1%) severeALT >45:
T904 36381-36449 Sentence denotes 16.3% (17)10/76 (13.2%) nonsevere and 7/28 (25%) severeBilirubin: NR
T905 36450-36507 Sentence denotes  Kluytmans, 202059Breda and Tiburg, The NetherlandsDates:
T906 36508-36560 Sentence denotes 3/7/2020-3/12/2020Last follow-up: NR n = 86Survival:
T907 36561-36614 Sentence denotes 0 deaths, 2 required short hospitalization.Inclusion:
T908 36615-36721 Sentence denotes Health care workers with fever or mild respiratory symptoms more than 10 d with subsequent positive tests.
T909 36722-36738 Sentence denotes Outpatients.Age:
T910 36739-36766 Sentence denotes M 49 y (range, 22–66 y)Sex:
T911 36767-36822 Sentence denotes 4.6% femalesGI/liver comorbidities: NRDisease severity:
T912 36823-36861 Sentence denotes 2 hospitalized, 19 recovered Diarrhea:
T913 36862-36916 Sentence denotes 18.6% (16)Interviewed within 7 d of onset of symptoms:
T914 36917-36965 Sentence denotes 5/31,Interviewed after 7 d of onset of symptoms:
T915 36966-37000 Sentence denotes 11/55Decreased appetite or nausea:
T916 37001-37055 Sentence denotes 17.4% (15)Interviewed within 7 d of onset of symptoms:
T917 37056-37104 Sentence denotes 1/31,Interviewed after 7 d of onset of symptoms:
T918 37105-37125 Sentence denotes 14/55Abdominal pain:
T919 37126-37178 Sentence denotes 5.8% (5)Interviewed within 7 d of onset of symptoms:
T920 37179-37226 Sentence denotes 1/31Interviewed after 7 d of onset of symptoms:
T921 37227-37259 Sentence denotes 3/55 AST, ALT, and bilirubin: NR
T922 37260-37296 Sentence denotes  Wolfel, 202032Munich, GermanyDates:
T923 37297-37481 Sentence denotes 1/23/2020-?Last follow-up: NR n = 9Survival: NRInclusion: lab confirmed SARS-Co-V-2 in upper respiratory specimensAge: NRSex: NRGI/liver comorbidities: NRDisease severity: NR Diarrhea:
T924 37482-37729 Sentence denotes 22% (2)Present on admissionDiarrhea was never the only symptomPCR was positive for up to 11 d;Authors were not able to isolate infectious virus, despite high stool RNA viral loads.Vomiting, nausea and abdominal pain: NR AST, ALT, and bilirubin: NR
T925 37730-37816 Sentence denotes  Dreher, 202068Aachen, GermanyDates:2/1/2020-3/1/2020Last follow-up:NR n = 50Survival:
T926 37817-37875 Sentence denotes 14% died, 16% discharged, 70% still hospitalizedInclusion:
T927 37876-37956 Sentence denotes Inpatients with laboratory confirmed COVID-19Age: median 65 y (IQR, 58–76 y)Sex:
T928 37957-38056 Sentence denotes 34% femalesGI/liver comorbidities: chronic liver failure 8%, chronic hepatitis 10%Disease severity:
T929 38057-38088 Sentence denotes 48% ARDS,52% non-ARDS Diarrhea:
T930 38089-38150 Sentence denotes 16% (8/50)Present on admission6/24 ARDS, 2/26 non-ARDSNausea:
T931 38151-38207 Sentence denotes 1/50Present on admission0/24 ARDS, 1/26 nonARDSVomiting:
T932 38208-38356 Sentence denotes 2/50Present on admission1/24 ARDS, 1/26 non-ARDSStool PCR done in 15 patients and found positive in 2 patients with ARDS AST, ALT, and bilirubin: NR
T933 38357-38473 Sentence denotes  Gritti, 202064Papa Giovanni XXIII HospitalBergamo, ItalyDates:3/11/2020-3/24/2020Last follow-up: NR n = 21Survival:
T934 38474-38512 Sentence denotes 4.7% died, NR for the othersInclusion:
T935 38513-38592 Sentence denotes Inpatients with confirmed COVID-19 who receivedAge: m 64 y (range, 48–75 y)Sex:
T936 38593-38660 Sentence denotes 14% femalesGI/liver comorbidities: NRDisease severity: NR Diarrhea:
T937 38661-38759 Sentence denotes 23.8% (5)Present on admissionNausea or vomiting, or abdominal pain: NR AST, ALT, and bilirubin: NR
T938 38760-38908 Sentence denotes  Spiteri, 202040Germany, Finland, Italy, Russia, Spain, France, Sweden, and BelgiumDates:1/24/2020-2/21/2020Last follow-up:2/21/2020 n = 38Survival:
T939 38909-38954 Sentence denotes 2.6% died, 11.4% still hospitalizedInclusion:
T940 38955-39040 Sentence denotes Inpatients (n = 35) and outpatients (N=2) with COVID-19 confirmed based on RT-PCRAge:
T941 39041-39065 Sentence denotes M 42 (range, 2–81 y)Sex:
T942 39066-39135 Sentence denotes 34.2% femalesGI/liver comorbidities: NRDisease severity: NR Diarrhea:
T943 39136-39174 Sentence denotes 3.2% (1/31)Present on diagnosisNausea:
T944 39175-39252 Sentence denotes 3.2% (1/31)Present on diagnosisAbdominal pain: NR AST, ALT, and bilirubin: NR
T945 39253-39326 Sentence denotes  COVID-19 National Incident Room Surveillance Team, 202037AustraliaDates:
T946 39327-39371 Sentence denotes National data until 3/14/2020Last follow-up:
T947 39372-39398 Sentence denotes 3/14/2020 n = 295Survival:
T948 39399-39418 Sentence denotes 1.0% diedInclusion:
T949 39419-39486 Sentence denotes All individuals with COVID-19 (both outpatients and inpatients)Age:
T950 39487-39587 Sentence denotes M 47 y (range, 0–94 y)Sex: (approximately) 50% femaleComorbidities: NRDisease severity: NR Diarrhea:
T951 39588-39614 Sentence denotes 16.3% (48)Nausea/vomiting:
T952 39615-39640 Sentence denotes 11.5% (34)Abdominal pain:
T953 39641-39677 Sentence denotes 2.0% (6) No laboratory data reported
T954 39678-39882 Sentence denotes ARDS, acute respiratory distress syndrome; CT, computed tomography; HBV, hepatitis B virus; ICU, intensive care unit; IQR, interquartile range; M, median; m, mean; ±, standard deviation; NR, not reported.
T955 39883-39985 Sentence denotes a AST and ALT are reported as units per liter while bilirubin is reported as milligrams per deciliter.
T956 39986-40054 Sentence denotes Supplementary Table 2 Direct Evidence of Proposed COVID-19 Therapies
T957 40055-40122 Sentence denotes Medication class Medication Sourcea Study Design GI adverse effects
T958 40123-40186 Sentence denotes Nausea/vomiting Abdominal pain Diarrhea Jaundice Hepatotoxicity
T959 40187-40341 Sentence denotes Antiviral Favipiravir Cai, 2020109 Open-label control study (favipiravir and lopinavir/ ritonavir) for COVID-19 NR NR 2/35 (5.7%) had diarrhea 1/35 (2.9%)
T960 40342-40479 Sentence denotes Chen, 202092 Open-label RCT for favipiravir vs arbidol (n = 120) in COVID-19 “Digestive tract reactions” 16/116 (13.79%) NR 9/116 (7.76%)
T961 40480-40816 Sentence denotes Lopinavir/ritonavir Cao,89 2020 RCT in severe COVID-19 (n = 199) 10/95 with nausea + 6/96 vomiting (reported separately) vs 0/99 with nausea and 0/99 with vomiting in control 4/95 in treatment group vs 2/99 in control group 4/95 in treatment group vs 0/99 in control group 6/95 in treatment group vs. 5/99 in control group Elevated AST:
T962 40817-40875 Sentence denotes 4/95 in treatment vs. 9/99 in control group; Elevated ALT:
T963 40876-40918 Sentence denotes 2/95 in treatment vs 5/99 in control group
T964 40919-41040 Sentence denotes Remdesivir Holshue,103 2020 Case report (first COVID in United States): remdesvir given day 7; no adverse events reported
T965 41041-41191 Sentence denotes Antimalarial Chloroquine Cortegiani,104 2020 Systematic review on efficacy and safety in COVID-19 Not reported in systematic review or primary studies
T966 41192-41210 Sentence denotes Hydroxychloroquine
T967 41211-41228 Sentence denotes NR, not reported.
T968 41229-41290 Sentence denotes a Sources include existing systematic reviews where possible.
T969 41291-41336 Sentence denotes If not available, primary sources are listed.
T970 41337-41407 Sentence denotes Supplementary Table 3 Indirect Evidence of Proposed COVID-19 Therapies
T971 41408-41476 Sentence denotes Medication class Medication Sourcea Indirect GI adverse events Other
T972 41477-41540 Sentence denotes Nausea/vomiting Abdominal pain Diarrhea Jaundice Hepatotoxicity
T973 41541-41736 Sentence denotes Antiviral Lopinavir/ritonavir FDA/ manufacturer's label110 HIV Nausea (5%–16%); vomiting (children 21%; adults 2%–7%) Reported 1%–11% 7%–28%; greater with once-daily dosing — Increased serum ALT:
T974 41737-41788 Sentence denotes 1%–11%; hepatitis including AST/ALT/GGT elevations:
T975 41789-41982 Sentence denotes 4%; hyperbilirubinemia (children 3%; adults 1%) Dysgeusia (children 22%; adults <2%); hyperamylasemia (3%–8%), dyspepsia (<6%), increased lipase (3%–5%), flatulence (1-4%), gastroenteritis (3%)
T976 41983-42027 Sentence denotes NIH Liver Tox111 HIV Range from mild to ALF.
T977 42028-42050 Sentence denotes Recovery takes 1–2 mo.
T978 42051-42087 Sentence denotes Do not re-challenge with medication.
T979 42088-42123 Sentence denotes Monitor for exacerbation of HBV/HCV
T980 42124-42191 Sentence denotes Momattin,105 2019 MERS Prevalence of GI AEs not reported in this SR
T981 42192-42276 Sentence denotes Yao,106 2020 SARS/MERS AEs not reported in this SR (can check primary studies) SARS:
T982 42277-42339 Sentence denotes 2 retrospective cohort studies (combined with steroids); MERS:
T983 42340-42468 Sentence denotes 1 RCT combined with IFN, 1 retrospective cohort combined with IFN/ribavirin, and 2 case reports also combined with IFN/ribavirin
T984 42469-42503 Sentence denotes Remdesivir Al-Tawfiq,107 2020 MERS
T985 42504-42525 Sentence denotes Sheahan,108 2020 MERS
T986 42526-42800 Sentence denotes Antimalarial Chloroquine FDA/ manufacturer's label/NIH Liver Tox111,112 Malaria Reported; frequency not defined Abdominal cramps reported; frequency not defined Reported; frequency not defined Rarely linked to aminotransferase elevations or clinically apparent liver injury.
T987 42801-43013 Sentence denotes In patients with AIP or PCT, it can trigger an attack with fever and serum aminotransferase elevations, sometimes resulting in jaundice Minor metabolism by liver (∼30%); mostly excreted in urine Likelihood score:
T988 43014-43073 Sentence denotes D (possible rare cause of clinically apparent liver injury)
T989 43074-43398 Sentence denotes Hydroxychloroquine113 FDA / Manufacturer's label Malaria / SLE Reported; frequency not defined Reported; frequency not defined Reported; frequency not defined Same as chloroquine above; can be exchanged with chloroquine as most reactions are hypersensitivity and no known cross reactivity to hepatic injury Likelihood score:
T990 43399-43458 Sentence denotes D (possible rare cause of clinically apparent liver injury)
T991 43459-43760 Sentence denotes AE, adverse event; AIP, acute intermittent porphyria; ALF, acute liver failure; GGT, gamma-glutamyl transferase; HBV, hepatitis B virus; HCV, hepatitis C virus; IFN, interferon; NIH, National Institutes of Health; PCT, porphyria cutanea tarda; SLE, systemic lupus erythematosus; SR, systematic review.
T992 43761-43822 Sentence denotes a Sources include existing systematic reviews where possible.
T993 43823-43868 Sentence denotes If not available, primary sources are listed.