LitCovid-sentences  

PMC:7212949 / 28122-34498 JSONTXT 12 Projects

Annnotations TAB TSV DIC JSON TextAE

Id Subject Object Predicate Lexical cue
T298 0-8 Sentence denotes SARS-CoV
T299 9-284 Sentence denotes Gastrointestinal (GI) involvement in SARS-CoV was common and occurred at different stages of the disease; rarely, patients reported only GI symptoms.68, 69, 70 The most common GI presentation was loss of appetite (up to 55%) and watery diarrhea (up to 76%)69 , 71 (Table 3 ).
T300 285-436 Sentence denotes Patients also complained of nausea, vomiting (14-22.2%) and abdominal pain (3.5-12.6%).72 The association between symptoms and outcomes had been mixed.
T301 437-981 Sentence denotes Leung et al found that patients with diarrhea had a higher likelihood of requiring ICU admission and ventilatory support.68 Others found that GI symptoms at presentation conferred a better prognosis.69 Others found no association between diarrhea and the development of ARDS or the requirement of ventilatory support.70 The mechanism of GI symptoms is unclear, but SARS-CoV particles have been detected in saliva (100%), feces (97%) and mucosal epithelial and lymphoid tissue of affected patients with associated depletion of lymphoid tissue.72
T302 982-1053 Sentence denotes Table 3 Hepatobiliary manifestation of SARS-CoV, MERS-CoV and COVID-19.
T303 1054-1110 Sentence denotes SARS (only studies with large study population included)
T304 1111-1564 Sentence denotes Study Duan et al (2003)N = 154, confirmed casesRetrospective study Ding et al (2004)N = 8 (4 confirmed cases, 4 control)Clinicopathologic study Chau et al (2004)N = 3, confirmedCase report Zhao et al (2004)N = 169, confirmed casesRetrospective study Yang et al (2005)N = 168, confirmed casesRetrospective study Zhan et al (2006)N = 12 (6 confirmed cases, 6 controls)Clinicopathologic study Yang et al (2010)N = 539 (520 confirmed cases)Prospective study
T305 1565-1713 Sentence denotes Clinical Features Hepatic dysfunction Hepatic dysfunction Hepatic dysfunction Hepatic dysfunction Hepatic dysfunction Diabetes:• 35.9% within 3 days
T306 1714-1736 Sentence denotes • 51.3% within 2 weeks
T307 1737-1791 Sentence denotes Key findings on investigations • ↑ALT &/or AST (37.7%)
T308 1792-1806 Sentence denotes • ↑ALT (70.7%)
T309 1807-1829 Sentence denotes • ↑ALT and AST (22.4%)
T310 1830-1878 Sentence denotes • ALT and AST normalized within 2 weeks in 75.9%
T311 1879-1896 Sentence denotes • ↑T. bili (8.4%)
T312 1897-1913 Sentence denotes • ↑Albumin (24%)
T313 1914-1944 Sentence denotes • ↓ Prealbumin (28.6%) • ↑ ALT
T314 1945-2003 Sentence denotes • + viral RT-PCR in liver, not sera • ↑ ALT (32.76-62.50%)
T315 2004-2026 Sentence denotes • ↑ AST (13.04-40.00%)
T316 2027-2053 Sentence denotes • ↓ Albumin (40.35-72.00%)
T317 2054-2099 Sentence denotes • Total protein remained normal ↑ ALT:• Peak:
T318 2100-2119 Sentence denotes 111.32 ± 160.24 U/L
T319 2120-2135 Sentence denotes • At admission:
T320 2136-2142 Sentence denotes 52.5%,
T321 2143-2156 Sentence denotes • First week:
T322 2157-2162 Sentence denotes 71.8%
T323 2163-2177 Sentence denotes • Second week:
T324 2178-2183 Sentence denotes 85.7%
T325 2184-2197 Sentence denotes • Third week:
T326 2198-2203 Sentence denotes 85.2%
T327 2204-2231 Sentence denotes • ↓ Albumin ↑ blood glucose
T328 2232-2286 Sentence denotes Histopathology N/A • Virus detected in liver, pancreas
T329 2287-2336 Sentence denotes • Virus not detected in spleen. • Apoptosis (3/3)
T330 2337-2373 Sentence denotes • Accumulated cells in mitosis (2/3)
T331 2374-2398 Sentence denotes • Ballooning hepatocytes
T332 2399-2450 Sentence denotes • Mild to moderate lobular lymphocytic infiltration
T333 2451-2479 Sentence denotes • Ki-67 + nuclei (0.5-11.4%)
T334 2480-2593 Sentence denotes • Virus detected in liver by RT-PCR, but not by EM N/A Nonspecific inflammation Spleen:• Severe white pulp damage
T335 2594-2621 Sentence denotes • Altered cell distribution
T336 2622-2677 Sentence denotes • Markedly reduced or absent CD3+, CD4+, and CD8+ cells
T337 2678-2758 Sentence denotes • CD68+ macrophages most numerous ACE2 receptors found in pancreatic islet cells
T338 2759-2859 Sentence denotes Key study findings and message • AST/ALT elevation rates associated with disease severity (P < 0.05)
T339 2860-3171 Sentence denotes • Possibly beneficial to suppress cytokine storm in early stage Liver may also be target of infection besides lungs Liver damage likely by virus directly Total protein remained normal despite albuminemia • No association found between liver damage, and oxygen saturation or degree of fever or immune dysfunction
T340 3172-3211 Sentence denotes • Liver damage likely by virus directly
T341 3212-3301 Sentence denotes • Hepatotoxic drugs may contribute • Spleen damage most likely due to direct viral attack
T342 3302-3337 Sentence denotes • Steroid medication may contribute
T343 3338-3475 Sentence denotes • Indirect viral mechanism, perhaps vascular, causing spleen injury • Higher mortality in patients with hyperglycemia, ↑ AST (P < 0.0001)
T344 3476-3532 Sentence denotes • Mortality not higher in patients with ↑ ALT (P = 0.35)
T345 3533-3595 Sentence denotes • SARS-CoV may cause acute insulin dependent diabetes mellitus
T346 3596-3650 Sentence denotes • 5% (2/39) still had diabetes 3 years after discharge
T347 3651-3655 Sentence denotes MERS
T348 3656-3836 Sentence denotes Study Saad et al (2014)N = 70, confirmed casesRetrospective Al-Hameed et al (2016)N = 8, confirmed casesProspective study Alsaad et al (2017)N = 1, confirmed casesClinicopathologic
T349 3837-3936 Sentence denotes Clinical Features Hepatic dysfunction (31.4%) Hepatic dysfunction later during ICU stay (62.5%) N/A
T350 3937-3979 Sentence denotes Key findings on investigations • ↓ Albumin
T351 3980-3987 Sentence denotes • ↑ AST
T352 3988-4010 Sentence denotes • ↑ T.bil • ↑ AST, ALT
T353 4011-4024 Sentence denotes • ↑ T.bil N/A
T354 4025-4124 Sentence denotes Histopathology N/A N/A Liver:• Mild portal inflammation, chronic, with CD4+ and CD8+ T lymphocytes.
T355 4125-4166 Sentence denotes Necroinflammatory foci in hepatic lobules
T356 4167-4246 Sentence denotes • Reactive parenchyma with mild hydropic degeneration, more in perivenular area
T357 4247-4280 Sentence denotes • Rare multinucleated hepatocytes
T358 4281-4318 Sentence denotes • Mild disarray of the hepatic plates
T359 4319-4446 Sentence denotes • Minimal macrovesicular perivenular steatotic change, sinusoidal congestion, hemorrhage and focal perivenular hepatocytes loss
T360 4447-4657 Sentence denotes Key study findings and message Albumin <35 g/L at diagnosis predictor of severe infection (P = 0.026) 41% developed multiorgan failure Portal and lobular hepatitis, viral particles not identified in liver on EM
T361 4658-4666 Sentence denotes COVID-19
T362 4667-4904 Sentence denotes Study Fan et al (2020)N = 148, confirmed casesRetrospective study Chai et al (2020)N = 4 (healthy)Clinicopathologic Huang et al (2020)N = 41, confirmed casesRetrospective study Wang et al (2020)N = 138, confirmed casesRetrospective study
T363 4905-5044 Sentence denotes Clinical features Hepatic dysfunction at admission (50.7%) Preexisting chronic liver disease (2%) Pre-existing chronic liver disease (2.9%)
T364 5045-5180 Sentence denotes Key findings on investigations ↓ CD4+ and CD8+ T cells in patients with hepatic dysfunction N/A ↑ AST (37%)(62% ICU, 25% non-ICU) ↑ LDH
T365 5181-5272 Sentence denotes Histopathology N/A ACE2 expression in cholangiocytes (59.7%) and hepatocytes (2.6%) N/A N/A
T366 5273-5413 Sentence denotes Key study findings and message • Patients with hepatic dysfunction more likely to have moderate-high fever, more in males (P = 0.035, 0.005)
T367 5414-5584 Sentence denotes • Abnormal liver function after admission associated with prolonged stay (P = 0.02) • Hepatic dysfunction more likely due to cholangiocyte damage by virus, not hepatocyte
T368 5585-5777 Sentence denotes • Drug induced damage, SIRS may also play a role Cytokine storm possible associated with disease severity AST, ALT, T.bil, LDH higher in ICU patients (P < 0.001, P = 0.007,P = 0.02, P < 0.001)
T369 5778-6042 Sentence denotes ALT, alanine aminotransferase; AST, aspartate aminotransferase; LDH, lactate dehydrogenase; MERS-CoV, middle east respiratory syndrome coronavirus; RT-PCR, reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction; SARS-COV, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus; T.
T370 6043-6065 Sentence denotes Bili, total bilirubin.
T371 6066-6376 Sentence denotes A significant mode of spread in community outbreaks was fecal-oral transmission.70 , 73 , 74 Patients with diarrhea also had a higher rate of positive serological and nasopharyngeal secretion tests.75 The virus remained stable in stool up to 2-4 days, and may even be detectable as late as 4 weeks.70 , 73 , 76