Id |
Subject |
Object |
Predicate |
Lexical cue |
T410 |
0-188 |
Sentence |
denotes |
The CoV RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) catalyzes the synthesis of viral RNA (Gao et al., 2020a), making it essential for viral replication and a prime target for antiviral inhibitors. |
T411 |
189-412 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Remdesivir, an adenosine triphosphate analog, inhibits RdRp by binding to RNA strands and preventing additional nucleotides from being added, thereby terminating viral RNA transcription (Figure 6 A) (Agostini et al., 2018). |
T412 |
413-570 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Remdesivir has been previously shown to be effective against MERS-CoV and SARS-CoV-1 infections in animal models (Sheahan et al., 2017, de Wit et al., 2020). |
T413 |
571-716 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Similarly, a study investigated the efficacy of remdesivir treatments on 12 rhesus macaques with SARS-CoV-2 infections (Williamson et al., 2020). |
T414 |
717-847 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Macaques treated with remdesivir showed a reduction in lung viral loads and pneumonia symptoms but no reduction in virus shedding. |
T415 |
848-978 |
Sentence |
denotes |
This study does provide evidence that if administered early enough, remdesivir may be effective at treating SARS-CoV-2 infections. |
T416 |
979-1083 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Figure 6 Available Therapeutic Options to Manage COVID-19 Immunopathology and to Deter Viral Propagation |
T417 |
1084-1298 |
Sentence |
denotes |
(A) Rdrp inhibitors (remdesivir, favipiravir), protease inhibitors (lopinavir/ritonavir), and antifusion inhibitors (arbidol) are currently being investigated in their efficacy in controlling SARS-CoV-2 infections. |
T418 |
1299-1406 |
Sentence |
denotes |
(B) CQ and HCQ increase the pH within lysosomes, impairing viral transit through the endolysosomal pathway. |
T419 |
1407-1555 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Reduced proteolytic function within lysosomes augments antigen processing for presentation on MHC complexes and increases CTLA4 expression on Tregs. |
T420 |
1556-1691 |
Sentence |
denotes |
(C) Antagonism of IL-6 signaling pathway and of other cytokine-/chemokine-associated targets has been proposed to control COVID-19 CRS. |
T421 |
1692-1812 |
Sentence |
denotes |
These include secreted factors like GM-CSF that contribute to the recruitment of inflammatory monocytes and macrophages. |
T422 |
1813-2029 |
Sentence |
denotes |
(D) Several potential sources of SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing antibodies are currently under investigation, including monoclonal antibodies, polyclonal antibodies, and convalescent plasma from recovered COVID-19 patients. |
T423 |
2030-2165 |
Sentence |
denotes |
GM-CSF, granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor; CQ, chloroquine; HCQ, hydroxychloroquine; RdRp, RNA-dependent RNA polymerase. |