LitCovid-sentences  

PMC:7200337 / 66715-70538 JSONTXT 11 Projects

Annnotations TAB TSV DIC JSON TextAE

Id Subject Object Predicate Lexical cue
T372 0-48 Sentence denotes Immunological Biomarkers in the Peripheral Blood
T373 49-201 Sentence denotes Immunological biomarkers are particularly important, as immunopathology has been suggested as a primary driver of morbidity and mortality with COVID-19.
T374 202-307 Sentence denotes Several cytokines and other immunologic parameters have been correlated with COVID-19 severity (Table 1).
T375 308-578 Sentence denotes Most notably, elevated IL-6 levels were detected in hospitalized patients, especially critically ill patients, in several studies and are associated with ICU admission, respiratory failure, and poor prognosis (Chen et al., 2020g, Huang et al., 2020b, Liu et al., 2020f).
T376 579-829 Sentence denotes Increased IL-2R, IL-8, IL-10, and GM-CSF have been associated with disease severity as well, but studies are limited, and further studies with larger cohorts of patients are needed to indicate predictive power (Gong et al., 2020, Zhou et al., 2020b).
T377 830-949 Sentence denotes Conflicting results regarding IL-1β and IL-4 have been reported (Fu et al., 2020, Gong et al., 2020, Wen et al., 2020).
T378 950-1241 Sentence denotes Although elevated cytokine concentrations have been widely described in COVID-19 patients, the vast majority (including IL-6, IL-10, IL-18, CTACK, and IFN-γ) do not seem to have prognostic value, because they do not always differentiate moderate cases from severe cases (Yang et al., 2020b).
T379 1242-1305 Sentence denotes This stratification was possible with IP-10, MCP-3, and IL-1ra.
T380 1306-1633 Sentence denotes While there are reports that levels of IL-6 at first assessment might predict respiratory failure (Herold et al., 2020), other publications with longitudinal analyses demonstrated that IL-6 increases fairly late during the disease’s course, consequently compromising its prognostic value at earlier stages (Zhou et al., 2020a).
T381 1634-1931 Sentence denotes Liu et al. developed a web-based tool using k-means clustering to predict prognosis in terms of death or hospital discharge of COVID-19 patients using age, comorbidities (binary), and baseline log helper T cell count (TH), log suppressor T cell count (TS), and log TH/TS ratio (Liu et al., 2020e).
T382 1932-2140 Sentence denotes Total T cell, helper T cell, and suppressor T cell counts were significantly lower and the TH/TS ratio was significantly higher in patients who died from infection as compared to patients who were discharged.
T383 2141-2391 Sentence denotes Importantly, most serological and immunological changes observed in severe cases are associated with disease severity but cannot necessarily serve as predictive factors, as they may not have utility in early identification of patients at higher risk.
T384 2392-2600 Sentence denotes Discovery of truly predictive biomarkers and potential drivers of hyperinflammatory processes requires comprehensive profiling of asymptomatic and mild cases and longitudinal studies that are limited to date.
T385 2601-2710 Sentence denotes Confounding variables including age, gender, and comorbidities may dramatically affect associations observed.
T386 2711-2986 Sentence denotes In addition, direct correlation with patient viral load will be important to provide a greater understanding of underlying causes of morbidity and mortality in COVID-19 and the contribution of viral infectivity, hyperinflammation, and host tolerance (Medzhitov et al., 2012).
T387 2987-3194 Sentence denotes In summary, lymphopenia, increases in proinflammatory markers and cytokines, and potential blood hypercoagulability characterize severe COVID-19 cases with features reminiscent of cytokine release syndromes.
T388 3195-3299 Sentence denotes This correlates with a diverse clinical spectrum ranging from asymptomatic to severe and critical cases.
T389 3300-3424 Sentence denotes During the incubation period and early phase of the disease, leukocyte and lymphocyte counts are normal or slightly reduced.
T390 3425-3588 Sentence denotes After SARS-CoV-2 binds to ACE2 overexpressing organs, such as the gastrointestinal tracts and kidneys, increases in non-specific inflammation markers are observed.
T391 3589-3823 Sentence denotes In more severe cases, a marked systemic release of inflammatory mediators and cytokines occurs, with corresponding worsening of lymphopenia and potential atrophy of lymphoid organs, impairing lymphocyte turnover (Terpos et al., 2020).