Id |
Subject |
Object |
Predicate |
Lexical cue |
T68 |
0-231 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Taken together, the multiplicity of strategies developed by pathogenic CoVs to escape immune sensing, particularly the IFN-I pathway, suggests a critical role played by the dysregulation of IFN-I response in COVID-19 pathogenicity. |
T69 |
232-423 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Concordantly, animal models of SARS-CoV-1 and MERS-CoV infection indicate that failure to elicit an early IFN-I response correlates with the severity of disease (Channappanavar et al., 2016). |
T70 |
424-621 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Perhaps more importantly, these models demonstrate that timing is key, as IFN is protective early in disease but later becomes pathologic (Channappanavar et al., 2016, Channappanavar et al., 2019). |
T71 |
622-743 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Perhaps interferon-induced upregulation of ACE2 in airway epithelia may contribute to this effect (Ziegler et al., 2020). |
T72 |
744-880 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Furthermore, while pathogenic CoVs block IFN signaling, they may actively promote other inflammatory pathways contributing to pathology. |
T73 |
881-1152 |
Sentence |
denotes |
For instance, SARS-CoV-1 ORF3a, ORF8b, and E proteins enhance inflammasome activation (Chen et al., 2019, Nieto-Torres et al., 2015, Shi et al., 2019, Siu et al., 2019), leading to secretion of IL-1β and IL-18, which are likely to contribute to pathological inflammation. |
T74 |
1153-1313 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Similarly, SARS-CoV-2 NSP9 and NSP10 might induce IL-6 and IL-8 production, potentially by inhibition of NKRF, an endogenous NF-kB repressor (Li et al., 2020a). |
T75 |
1314-1506 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Collectively, these proinflammatory processes likely contribute to the “cytokine storm” observed in COVID-19 patients and substantiate a role for targeted immunosuppressive treatment regimens. |
T76 |
1507-1710 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Moving forward, a clear understanding of the delicate balance between antiviral and inflammatory innate immune programs will be essential to developing effective biomarkers and therapeutics for COVID-19. |