LitCovid-sentences  

PMC:7190487 / 898-2873 JSONTXT 11 Projects

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Id Subject Object Predicate Lexical cue
T12 0-35 Sentence denotes 2.1 Metformin-AMPK-ACE2-SARS-CoV-2
T13 36-198 Sentence denotes The juggernaut virus, SARS-CoV-2, that has led to the deaths of over 1.7 lakh people across the world uses angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) as its receptor.
T14 199-319 Sentence denotes It enters the human body through interaction between its spike proteins (S1) and the N-terminal region of ACE2 [4], [5].
T15 320-456 Sentence denotes The receptor binding domain (RBD) of the virus binds with the protease domain (PD) of the ACE2 receptor and forms an RBD-PD complex [4].
T16 457-579 Sentence denotes Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) is one of the commonest complications developing in patients with COVID-19 [6].
T17 580-695 Sentence denotes There have been animal studies that have implicated ACE2 in the acute lung injury (ALI) caused due to SARS-CoV [4].
T18 696-804 Sentence denotes It has been hypothesized that ACE2 causes ALI by bringing about autophagy through the AMPK/mTOR pathway [7].
T19 805-1030 Sentence denotes AMPK has been shown to increase the expression of ACE2 as well as to increase its stability by phosphorylating ACE2 Ser680 in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) and human embryonic kidney 293 (HEK293T) cells [8].
T20 1031-1282 Sentence denotes Since metformin works through AMPK activation, which leads to phosphorylation of ACE2 [8], we can consider that theoretically this addition of a phosphate group (PO4 −3) would bring about conformational and functional changes in the ACE2 receptor [9].
T21 1283-1413 Sentence denotes This could lead to decreased binding with SARS-CoV-2 RBD due to steric hindrance by the addition of a large sized PO4 −3 molecule.
T22 1414-1497 Sentence denotes Nonetheless, once the virus is inside, there is a downregulation of ACE2 receptors.
T23 1498-1733 Sentence denotes This in turn leads to an imbalance in the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAS) promoting the deleterious effects of its pro-inflammatory and pro-fibrotic arm, further giving rise to the lethal cardio-pulmonary complications [10].
T24 1734-1794 Sentence denotes By upregulating ACE2, the imbalance in RAS could be averted.
T25 1795-1975 Sentence denotes Hence, metformin would not only prevent the entry of SARS-CoV-2 as described above, but also prevent the detrimental sequelae by causing activation of ACE2 through AMPK-signalling.