LitCovid-sentences  

PMC:7161517 / 5891-9732 JSONTXT 12 Projects

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Id Subject Object Predicate Lexical cue
T42 0-31 Sentence denotes ACE2/Ang1-7/Mas Axis Regulation
T43 32-108 Sentence denotes Ang I is a decapeptide that is converted into the octapeptide Ang II by ACE.
T44 109-235 Sentence denotes Unlike ACE, Ang I can be converted to Ang1-9 by ACE2, and, more importantly, Ang II is converted to Ang 1-7 through ACE2 (17).
T45 236-411 Sentence denotes Ang1-7 has a range of anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, vasodilatory, and natriuretic effects that are mediated by the G protein coupled receptor (GPCR) Mas receptor (11,26,27).
T46 412-626 Sentence denotes Ang1-7 may be produced directly from Ang I through the alternative pathways involving a zinc metallopeptidase neprilysin or conversion of Ang1-9 to Ang1-7 via ACE, although at a significantly lower efficiency (17).
T47 627-732 Sentence denotes Genetic deletion studies have established ACE2 as an essential regulator of cardiovascular function (28).
T48 733-993 Sentence denotes Studies focused on the regulation of ACE2 in cardiac myocytes and cardiac fibroblasts have demonstrated that although Ang II significantly reduced ACE2 activity and downregulated ACE2 mRNA in cardiac myocytes, it only reduced ACE2 activity in fibroblasts (29).
T49 994-1080 Sentence denotes In myocytes, endothelin (ET)-1 also significantly decreased ACE2 mRNA production (29).
T50 1081-1316 Sentence denotes This reduction in ACE2 mRNA by Ang II or ET-1 was blocked by inhibitors of mitogen-activated protein kinase 1 (MAPK1), which suggested that Ang II and ET-1 activate extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK)1/ERK2 to reduce ACE2 (29).
T51 1317-1528 Sentence denotes Furthermore, in vivo murine studies showed Ang II−mediated loss of membrane-bound cardiomyocyte ACE2 correlated with the upregulation of TACE/ADAM17 activity, which was prevented with AT1 receptor blockade (30).
T52 1529-1685 Sentence denotes Cardiac fibroblasts and coronary endothelial cells also express ACE2 and TACE, and this reciprocal relationship extends to these cell types as well (31,32).
T53 1686-1856 Sentence denotes Ang II activates several other signaling cascades, such as the PKC and JAK2-STAT3 signaling pathways, which results in myocardial hypertrophy and increased fibrosis (33).
T54 1857-1999 Sentence denotes The binding of Ang1-7 to the C-terminal domain also inhibits the proteolytic function of the ACE enzyme and promotes bradykinin function (34).
T55 2000-2212 Sentence denotes Studies in human vascular and cardiac tissue and plasma showed Ang1-7 has a higher affinity to ACE than Ang I, which suggests the inhibitory effects of Ang1-7 on ACE may contribute to its protective effects (35).
T56 2213-2514 Sentence denotes The treatment of ACE2 knockout mice with Ang II infusion and recombinant ACE2 (rhACE2) eliminated ERK1/2, JAK2-STAT3, and PKC signaling by rhACE2 and was at least partially responsible for attenuation of Ang II−induced myocardial hypertrophy and fibrosis and improvement in diastolic dysfunction (33).
T57 2515-2867 Sentence denotes Other studies highlighted the role of the ACE2/Ang1-7/Mas axis in modulating the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as TNF-α, interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1, and transforming growth factor-β in cardiac and/or lung fibrosis, pulmonary hypertension, and vascular remodeling (36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41) (Figure 1 ).
T58 2868-2916 Sentence denotes Figure 1 RAS and ACE2/Ang1-7/Mas Axis Regulation
T59 2917-2981 Sentence denotes Angiotensinogen is converted to angiotensin I (Ang I) via renin.
T60 2982-3139 Sentence denotes Ang I is converted to Ang II via angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE), which also hydrolyzes bradykinin into its inactive metabolites, promoting inflammation.
T61 3140-3343 Sentence denotes The pro-inflammatory effects of Ang II are mediated by Ang II type I receptor (AT1), which stimulates aldosterone secretion from the adrenal medulla and antidiuretic hormone from the posterior pituitary.
T62 3344-3391 Sentence denotes Aldosterone decreases membrane ACE2 expression.
T63 3392-3502 Sentence denotes Endothelin-1 inhibits angiotensin 1-7 (Ang1-7) via extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK)1/ERK2 pathways.
T64 3503-3656 Sentence denotes Ang II, under favorable conditions (dashed line), can be converted to Ang1-7 via ACE2, whose counter regulatory effects are mediated by the Mas receptor.
T65 3657-3809 Sentence denotes Ang1-7 can also be formed via conversion of Ang I to an intermediate Ang1-9 or directly via zinc metallopeptidase neprilysin/prolyl endopeptidase (PEP).
T66 3810-3841 Sentence denotes RAS = renin-angiotensin system.