| Id |
Subject |
Object |
Predicate |
Lexical cue |
| T27 |
0-12 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Introduction |
| T28 |
13-211 |
Sentence |
denotes |
On January 30, 2020, the World Health Organization (WHO) has declared the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) outbreak as a global health emergency of international concern. |
| T29 |
212-306 |
Sentence |
denotes |
This outbreak has infected all provinces of China and rapidly spread to the rest of the world. |
| T30 |
307-430 |
Sentence |
denotes |
At the time of writing this article (March 16, 2020), there have been more than 158 countries and territories affected [1]. |
| T31 |
431-759 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Whole-genome sequencing and phylogenetic analysis reveal that the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is similar to some beta coronaviruses detected in bats, but it is distinct from severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-Cov) and Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) [2]. |
| T32 |
760-888 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Patients with COVID-19 develop pneumonia with associated symptoms of fever (98%), cough (76%), and myalgia or fatigue (44%) [3]. |
| T33 |
889-987 |
Sentence |
denotes |
CT imaging plays a critical role in the diagnosis and the monitoring of disease progression [4–6]. |
| T34 |
988-1215 |
Sentence |
denotes |
The latest research studies described the characteristic imaging manifestations of COVID-19, including ground-glass opacities (GGO) (57 to 88%), bilateral involvement (76 to 88%), and peripheral distribution (33 to 85%) [7–10]. |
| T35 |
1216-1352 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Other imaging features such as consolidation, cavitation, and interlobular septal thickening are also reported in some patients [11–13]. |
| T36 |
1353-1473 |
Sentence |
denotes |
However, these imaging manifestations of COVID-19 are nonspecific and are difficult to distinguish from other pneumonia. |
| T37 |
1474-1630 |
Sentence |
denotes |
To our knowledge, there have been no studies explicitly comparing imaging and clinical characteristics between pneumonia patients with and without COVID-19. |
| T38 |
1631-1828 |
Sentence |
denotes |
The current diagnostic criterion for COVID-19 is the positive result of a nucleic acid test by real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) or next-generation sequencing [14]. |
| T39 |
1829-1996 |
Sentence |
denotes |
However, false-negative results caused by unstable specimen processing are relatively high in clinical practice, which has worsened the spread of the outbreak [15–18]. |
| T40 |
1997-2111 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Moreover, laboratory testing for SARS-CoV-2 requires a rigorous platform, which is not assembled in all hospitals. |
| T41 |
2112-2186 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Thus, this requires specimen transfer, which may delay diagnosis for days. |
| T42 |
2187-2330 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Early and accurate diagnosis is crucial, particularly for critically ill patients who need emergency surgery, and with pneumonia complications. |
| T43 |
2331-2504 |
Sentence |
denotes |
To solve these problems, we hypothesize that a diagnostic model can be developed based on CT imaging and clinical manifestations alone, independent of the nucleic acid test. |
| T44 |
2505-2630 |
Sentence |
denotes |
In this study, we identify the differences in imaging and clinical manifestations between patients with and without COVID-19. |
| T45 |
2631-2744 |
Sentence |
denotes |
We also develop and validate a model for COVID-19 diagnosis based on radiological semantic and clinical features. |