LitCovid-sentences  

PMC:7143804 / 48864-55689 JSONTXT 11 Projects

Annnotations TAB TSV DIC JSON TextAE-old TextAE

Id Subject Object Predicate Lexical cue
T381 0-15 Sentence denotes Acknowledgments
T382 16-141 Sentence denotes The authors would like to thank Brigitte Bruijns from Micronit Microtechnologies for her help during the brainstorm sessions.
T383 142-264 Sentence denotes Jörg Strack from TOPAS Advanced Polymers and Thomas Wagenknecht from KUZ Leipzig are thanked for their information on COC.
T384 265-685 Sentence denotes Pieter Post, Rob Dierink, and Sip Jan Boorsma of TCO (Technical Center for Education and Research of the University of Twente) are thanked for their work in the milling and laser cutting processes, Christian Bruinink for his assistance in the transparency measurements, Daniel Monteiro Cunha, M.Sc. for his assistance in the AFM measurements, and Nikki Stroot for her assistance with the initial amplification reactions.
T385 686-706 Sentence denotes Sample Availability:
T386 707-773 Sentence denotes Samples of the amplification chips are available from the authors.
T387 775-795 Sentence denotes Author Contributions
T388 796-1234 Sentence denotes Conceived and designed the experiments: H.-W.V., F.A.M., and R.S.; developed the measurement setup and software, and provided technical help: R.S.; developed the methodology: H.-W.V. and F.A.M.; performed the experiments: F.A.M.; visualized the results: H.-W.V. and F.A.M.; wrote the first draft of the paper: H.-W.V.; reviewed and edited the first draft of the paper: H.-W.V., F.A.M., R.S., R.W. and J.L.; supervised the project: H.-W.V.
T389 1235-1311 Sentence denotes All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript.
T390 1313-1320 Sentence denotes Funding
T391 1321-1370 Sentence denotes This work is financed with institutional funding.
T392 1372-1393 Sentence denotes Conflicts of Interest
T393 1394-1438 Sentence denotes The authors declare no conflict of interest.
T394 1439-1452 Sentence denotes Abbreviations
T395 1453-1537 Sentence denotes The following abbreviations are used in this manuscript: AFM atomic force microscopy
T396 1538-1545 Sentence denotes Au gold
T397 1546-1571 Sentence denotes CAD computer-aided design
T398 1572-1604 Sentence denotes CAM computer-aided manufacturing
T399 1605-1635 Sentence denotes CNC computer numerical control
T400 1636-1663 Sentence denotes COC cyclic olefin copolymer
T401 1664-1681 Sentence denotes DC direct current
T402 1682-1695 Sentence denotes DI de-ionized
T403 1696-1721 Sentence denotes DNA deoxyribonucleic acid
T404 1722-1747 Sentence denotes dsDNA double stranded DNA
T405 1748-1757 Sentence denotes H2O water
T406 1758-1794 Sentence denotes HDA helicase-dependent amplification
T407 1795-1838 Sentence denotes LAMP loop-mediated isothermal amplification
T408 1839-1878 Sentence denotes MDA multiple displacement amplification
T409 1879-1892 Sentence denotes Mo molybdenum
T410 1893-1904 Sentence denotes N2 nitrogen
T411 1905-1929 Sentence denotes NTC non template control
T412 1930-1959 Sentence denotes PCR polymerase chain reaction
T413 1960-1985 Sentence denotes PDMS polydimethylsiloxane
T414 1986-2022 Sentence denotes PID proportional-integral-derivative
T415 2023-2034 Sentence denotes Pt platinum
T416 2035-2064 Sentence denotes PVD physical vapor deposition
T417 2065-2085 Sentence denotes RNA ribonucleic acid
T418 2086-2118 Sentence denotes SEM scanning electron microscopy
T419 2119-2144 Sentence denotes ssDNA single stranded DNA
T420 2145-2201 Sentence denotes SDI Sexually Transmitted Diseases Diagnostics Initiative
T421 2202-2243 Sentence denotes TCR temperature coefficient of resistance
T422 2244-2275 Sentence denotes Tg glass transition temperature
T423 2276-2306 Sentence denotes WGA whole genome amplification
T424 2307-2336 Sentence denotes WHO World Health Organization
T425 2338-2349 Sentence denotes Appendix A.
T426 2350-2372 Sentence denotes Technical Drawing Chip
T427 2373-2432 Sentence denotes Figure A1 Technical drawing of the DNA amplification chip.
T428 2433-2458 Sentence denotes All dimensions are in mm.
T429 2459-2495 Sentence denotes The total chip size is 3 mm by 3 mm.
T430 2497-2508 Sentence denotes Appendix B.
T431 2509-2567 Sentence denotes Equations and Values Used in the COMSOL Multiphysics Study
T432 2569-2582 Sentence denotes Appendix B.1.
T433 2583-2588 Sentence denotes Water
T434 2589-2849 Sentence denotes For H2O, the build-in temperature-dependent equations for the density (ρH2O, see equations in Equation (A1)), heat capacity at constant pressure (CP,H2O, see equations in Equation (A2)), and thermal conductivity (κH2O, see equations in Equation (A3)) are used.
T435 2850-3054 Sentence denotes The ratio (γH2O) of the specific heats at constant pressure (CP,H2O) and constant volume (CV,H2O) is calculated manually according to the table from the Engineering Toolbox website [81] and Equation (A4).
T436 3055-3429 Sentence denotes The values for γH2O are listed in Table A1. (A1) ρH2O(T)=972.7584+0.2084T−4×10−4T2for273≤T<283345.28+5.749816T−0.0157244T2+1.264375×10−5T3for283≤T<373 (A2) CP,H2O(T)=12010.1471−80.4072879T+0.309866854T2for273.15≤T<553.75−5.38186884×10−4T3+3.62536437×10−7T4 (A3) κH2O(T)=−0.869083936+0.00894880345T−1.58366345×10−5T2for273.15≤T<553.75+7.97543259×10−9T3 (A4) γH2O=CP,H2OCV,H2O
T437 3430-3477 Sentence denotes Table A1 The ratio of specific heats of water.
T438 3478-3495 Sentence denotes T γH2O T γH2O
T439 3496-3514 Sentence denotes [K] [-] [K] [-]
T440 3515-3555 Sentence denotes 273.16 1.000592782 393.15 1.157465496
T441 3556-3596 Sentence denotes 283.15 1.001073729 413.15 1.199809492
T442 3597-3637 Sentence denotes 293.15 1.006591292 433.15 1.246234334
T443 3638-3678 Sentence denotes 298.15 1.010560913 453.15 1.297534537
T444 3679-3719 Sentence denotes 303.15 1.015203400 473.15 1.355013713
T445 3720-3760 Sentence denotes 313.15 1.025996023 493.15 1.420794975
T446 3761-3801 Sentence denotes 323.15 1.038520763 513.15 1.498241758
T447 3802-3842 Sentence denotes 333.15 1.052405261 533.15 1.592792563
T448 3843-3883 Sentence denotes 343.15 1.067512483 553.15 1.714447794
T449 3884-3924 Sentence denotes 353.15 1.083658241 573.15 1.883524402
T450 3925-3965 Sentence denotes 363.15 1.100748613 593.15 2.148448797
T451 3966-4006 Sentence denotes 373.15 1.118756966 613.15 2.666580033
T452 4007-4047 Sentence denotes 383.15 1.137648990 633.15 4.550527720
T453 4049-4062 Sentence denotes Appendix B.2.
T454 4063-4086 Sentence denotes Cyclic Olefin Copolymer
T455 4087-4401 Sentence denotes Values for the density (ρCOC = 1020 kg m−3), specific heat (cCOC, see Table A2), and thermal conductivity (κCOC,23°C = 0.17 W m−1 K−1 and κCOC,320°C = 0.24 W m−1 K−1, linear fit in between these point) of TOPAS 6017 COC are obtained via TOPAS Advanced Polymers (TOPAS Advanced Polymers, Farmington Hills, MI, USA).
T456 4402-4598 Sentence denotes The heat capacity at constant pressure (CP,COC) is calculated assuming a homogeneous body of mass m, via Equation (A5), where COMSOL interpolated linearly in between the points. (A5) CP,COC=cCOC×m
T457 4599-4645 Sentence denotes Table A2 The specific heat of TOPAS 6017 COC.
T458 4646-4659 Sentence denotes T c T c
T459 4660-4696 Sentence denotes [°C] [W m−1 K−1] [°C] [W m−1 K−1]
T460 4697-4716 Sentence denotes 30 1333 180 2298
T461 4717-4736 Sentence denotes 70 1538 210 2412
T462 4737-4757 Sentence denotes 110 1754 250 2539
T463 4758-4778 Sentence denotes 150 1968 290 2645
T464 4779-4936 Sentence denotes 160 2047 330 2758 Convective heat loss to the air is also taken into account with Equation (A6), which is often used in simulations [56]. (A6) h=10Wm−2K−1
T465 4938-4949 Sentence denotes Appendix C.
T466 4950-4966 Sentence denotes TCR Measurements
T467 4967-5132 Sentence denotes The two subsections below show two effects on the TCR measurements, i.e., the effect of thermal annealing during the first temperature cycle and the effect of aging.
T468 5134-5147 Sentence denotes Appendix C.1.
T469 5148-5165 Sentence denotes Thermal Annealing
T470 5166-5254 Sentence denotes The graph below is an example of the measured thermal annealing of a metal layer on COC.
T471 5255-5352 Sentence denotes Here, only the graph for evaporated Au is shown, but all except evaporated Pt show this behavior.
T472 5353-5408 Sentence denotes Evaporated Pt had some contaminants in the metal track.
T473 5409-5457 Sentence denotes This is most probably caused by the shadow mask.
T474 5458-5520 Sentence denotes Figure A2 Thermal annealing of an evaporated 100 nm Au layer.
T475 5522-5535 Sentence denotes Appendix C.2.
T476 5536-5541 Sentence denotes Aging
T477 5542-5650 Sentence denotes The layer analyzed in Figure A2 is stored for two weeks in ambient conditions and the TCR is analyzed again.
T478 5651-5741 Sentence denotes From the graph it is visible that the aging has some effect on the TCR of the metal layer.
T479 5742-5826 Sentence denotes Figure A3 The effect of two weeks aging in ambient conditions on a 100 nm Au layer.
T480 5827-5929 Sentence denotes The TCR of the as deposited layer is 0.00161 K−1 and the TCR of the two week old layer is 0.00224 K−1.
T481 5931-5942 Sentence denotes Appendix D.
T482 5943-5963 Sentence denotes MDA Reaction Mixture
T483 5964-6041 Sentence denotes The reaction mixture for the on-chip MDA reaction consisted of the following.
T484 6042-6082 Sentence denotes Table A3 On-chip MDA reaction mixtures.
T485 6083-6155 Sentence denotes Sample Reaction Buffer Sample Buffer DNA MilliQ DI Water EG Enzyme
T486 6156-6190 Sentence denotes [μL] [μL] [μL] [μL] [μL] [μL]
T487 6191-6222 Sentence denotes Tube with DNA 9 9 1 - 4 1
T488 6223-6249 Sentence denotes Tube NTC 9 9 - 1 4 1
T489 6250-6281 Sentence denotes Chip with DNA 9 9 1 - 4 1
T490 6282-6308 Sentence denotes Chip NTC 9 9 - 1 4 1
T491 6310-6321 Sentence denotes Appendix E.
T492 6322-6365 Sentence denotes Background Signal Fluorescence Measurements
T493 6366-6503 Sentence denotes All fluorescence measurements in the Horiba Scientific FluoroMax+ spectrofluorometer are normalized by subtracting the background signal.
T494 6504-6569 Sentence denotes This background signal is measured using the mixture in Table A4.
T495 6570-6627 Sentence denotes Table A4 Mixture used for background signal measurement.
T496 6628-6700 Sentence denotes Sample Reaction Buffer Sample Buffer DNA MilliQ DI Water EG Enzyme
T497 6701-6735 Sentence denotes [μL] [μL] [μL] [μL] [μL] [μL]
T498 6736-6764 Sentence denotes Background 9 9 1 1 4 -
T499 6765-6825 Sentence denotes Figure A4 The background signal of the mixture in Table A4.