| Id |
Subject |
Object |
Predicate |
Lexical cue |
| T216 |
0-150 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Sialic acids linked to glycoproteins and gangliosides are used by a broad range of viruses as receptors and/or attachment factors for cell entry [10]. |
| T217 |
151-277 |
Sentence |
denotes |
These viruses include major human pathogens affecting the respiratory tract, such as influenza [21] and coronaviruses [22,23]. |
| T218 |
278-415 |
Sentence |
denotes |
The attachment to sialic-acid-containing cell surface structures is mediated by receptor-binding proteins that belong to the viral spike. |
| T219 |
416-502 |
Sentence |
denotes |
In the case of coronaviruses, this function is fulfilled by the S glycoprotein [9,24]. |
| T220 |
503-644 |
Sentence |
denotes |
SARS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2 interact with the ACE-2 protein, which has been identified as a key determinant of the contagiousness of viruses [8]. |
| T221 |
645-836 |
Sentence |
denotes |
However, considering the increased transmissibility of SARS-CoV-2 compared with SARS-CoV, binding to ACE-2 alone might not be enough to ensure robust infection of the upper respiratory tract. |
| T222 |
837-992 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Thus, it is likely that SARS-CoV-2 might also bind to other cell surface attachment factors, such as sialic-acid-containing glycoproteins and gangliosides. |
| T223 |
993-1163 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Consistent with this notion, it has been shown that depletion of cell surface sialic acids by neuraminidase treatment inhibited MERS-CoV entry of human airway cells [25]. |
| T224 |
1164-1395 |
Sentence |
denotes |
These data, which provide direct evidence that sialic acids play a critical role in human coronavirus attachment, broaden the therapeutic options to block the replication of SARS-CoV-2 that is responsible for the COVID-19 pandemic. |
