Id |
Subject |
Object |
Predicate |
Lexical cue |
T77 |
0-85 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Several proteins of human CoVs are important for viral infection and/or pathogenesis. |
T78 |
86-190 |
Sentence |
denotes |
For example, most nsps participate in viral RNA replication and/or transcription (Snijder et al., 2016). |
T79 |
191-353 |
Sentence |
denotes |
The accessory proteins interact with host cells, potentially helping the viruses to evade the immune system and increase their virulence (Menachery et al., 2017). |
T80 |
354-534 |
Sentence |
denotes |
The HE protein assists in the attachment of virus–host cells, thus playing a key role in the production of infectious virions, as in the case of HCoV-OC43 (Desforges et al., 2013). |
T81 |
535-656 |
Sentence |
denotes |
The M and E proteins are responsible for virus assembly or promote virulence (Scobey et al., 2013; DeDiego et al., 2014). |
T82 |
657-850 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Different from the above proteins, the S protein of human CoVs mediates viral entry into host cells and subsequent membrane fusion, enabling viral infection (Du et al., 2009a; Lu et al., 2014). |
T83 |
851-1008 |
Sentence |
denotes |
The S protein is a class I viral protein, which can be cleaved into two functional subunits, an amino-terminal S1 subunit and a carboxyl-terminal S2 subunit. |
T84 |
1009-1178 |
Sentence |
denotes |
The S1 subunit is responsible for virus–host cell receptor binding, whereas the S2 subunit is involved in virus–host membrane fusion (Li et al., 2005a; Lu et al., 2014). |
T85 |
1179-1271 |
Sentence |
denotes |
The S1 contains two major domains, an N-terminal domain (NTD) and a C-terminal domain (CTD). |
T86 |
1272-1515 |
Sentence |
denotes |
In general, NTDs mediate sugar binding (Li, 2016; Li et al., 2017; Ou et al., 2017; Hulswit et al., 2019; Tortorici et al., 2019), whereas CTDs facilitate protein receptor recognition (Wong et al., 2004; Hofmann et al., 2006; Lu et al., 2013). |
T87 |
1516-1663 |
Sentence |
denotes |
The NTDs and CTDs of the S1 subunit can bind host receptors or function as receptor-binding domains (RBDs) (Lu et al., 2013; Hulswit et al., 2019). |
T88 |
1664-1759 |
Sentence |
denotes |
The entry of human CoVs relies on the interaction between viral and cellular membrane proteins. |
T89 |
1760-1870 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Recognition of S1 subunit with a receptor and/or sugar on the cell surface initiates the infection (Li, 2015). |
T90 |
1871-2046 |
Sentence |
denotes |
After the initial recognition and binding, the S protein undergoes conformational changes, followed by membrane fusion through the S2 region (Li, 2015, 2016; Du et al., 2017). |
T91 |
2047-2165 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Consequently, the viral genetic materials are delivered into the host cell through the fusion core (Du et al., 2009a). |