Id |
Subject |
Object |
Predicate |
Lexical cue |
T2 |
0-31 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Challenges in treating COVID-19 |
T3 |
32-239 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Coronavirus disease (COVID-19), which appeared in December 2019, presents a global challenge, particularly in the rapid increase of critically ill patients with pneumonia and absence of definitive treatment. |
T4 |
240-310 |
Sentence |
denotes |
To date, over 81,000 cases have been confirmed, with over 2700 deaths. |
T5 |
311-495 |
Sentence |
denotes |
The mortality appears to be around 2%; early published data indicate 25.9% with SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia required ICU admission and 20.1% developed acute respiratory distress syndrome [1]. |
T6 |
496-599 |
Sentence |
denotes |
There is presently no vaccine or specific anti-viral drug regime used to treat critically ill patients. |
T7 |
600-732 |
Sentence |
denotes |
The management of patients mainly focuses on the provision of supportive care, e.g., oxygenation, ventilation, and fluid management. |
T8 |
733-916 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Combination treatment of low-dose systematic corticosteroids and anti-virals and atomization inhalation of interferon have been encouraged as part of critical COVID-19 management [2]. |
T9 |
917-1036 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Other reported therapeutic agents that are used for the treatment of seriously ill patients have been noted in Table 1. |
T10 |
1037-1084 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Table 1 Potential treatment options of COVID-19 |
T11 |
1085-1130 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Classes Potential treatment options Reference |
T12 |
1131-1341 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Anti-viral > 85% of patients received anti-viral agents, including oseltamivir (75 mg every 12 h orally), ganciclovir (0.25 g every 12 h intravenously), and lopinavir/ritonavir tablets (400/100 mg twice daily). |
T13 |
1342-1469 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Remdesivir is currently under trials at more than ten medical institutions in Wuhan and has been known to prevent MERS-CoV. [1] |
T14 |
1470-1651 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Anti-malarial An old anti-malarial, chloroquine phosphate, has been effective in inhibiting the exacerbation of pneumonia due to its anti-viral and anti-inflammatory activities. [3] |
T15 |
1652-1801 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Herbal treatments There was widespread use of Traditional Chinese Medicine during the last SARS-COV outbreak and it is currently being used in China. |
T16 |
1802-2018 |
Sentence |
denotes |
The five most commonly used herbs were Astragali Radix (Huangqi), Glycyrrhizae Radix Et Rhizoma (Gancao), Saposhnikoviae Radix (Fangfeng), Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma (Baizhu), and Lonicerae Japonicae Flo. [4] |