LitCovid-sentences  

PMC:7045878 / 4302-17219 JSONTXT 13 Projects

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Id Subject Object Predicate Lexical cue
T34 0-7 Sentence denotes Results
T35 9-11 Sentence denotes 1.
T36 12-41 Sentence denotes Response to COVID-19 in Korea
T37 42-204 Sentence denotes On December 31st, 2019, in Wuhan City, Hubei Province of China, 27 individuals developed pneumonia and all individuals had visited the seafood market in the area.
T38 205-440 Sentence denotes The local centers for disease control and prevention, upon concluding that the novel infection had originated from overseas, established a “countermeasures taskforce against pneumonia of unknown cause” and set the crisis level to Blue.
T39 441-600 Sentence denotes Accordingly, the situation overseas was constantly monitored, and surveillance in China was initiated, and responses initiated to suspected cases of infection.
T40 601-940 Sentence denotes For suspected cases, a basic epidemiological assessment was conducted at the local health center and at the discretion of the central investigator, the patient was either admitted to a state-designated, negative-pressure isolation ward for further testing, or control measures of self-isolation and active surveillance were undertaken [3].
T41 941-1021 Sentence denotes On January 20th, the first case of infection from abroad was confirmed in Korea.
T42 1022-1163 Sentence denotes Subsequently, the crisis level was scaled up from Blue to Yellow, and KCDC headquarters for the COVID-19 rapid response team was established.
T43 1164-1348 Sentence denotes On January 27th, the crisis level was scaled up from Yellow to Orange, and the Ministry of Health and Welfare Central Accident Management Headquarters for the COVID-19 was established.
T44 1349-1463 Sentence denotes Currently, all ministries of the government are cooperating in response to this novel emerging infectious disease.
T45 1464-1627 Sentence denotes In particular, to block the transmission of infection among patients under quarantine, Wuhan City was designated as an endemic center for infection on January 8th.
T46 1628-1867 Sentence denotes Based on the health questionnaire filled out by travelers from Wuhan at the point of entry, people with body temperature higher than 37.5°C or respiratory symptoms including coughing were classified as symptomatic and isolated for testing.
T47 1868-2075 Sentence denotes On January 23rd, Wuhan airport, which has an average of 300 travelers per day, was shut down by the Chinese government, and travel restrictions were implemented later in Hubei Province, including Wuhan City.
T48 2076-2308 Sentence denotes However, between January 20th and January 28th, 4 patients who presented with symptoms outside of the Hubei province who had visited Wuhan, tested positive for SARS-CoV-2, and the number of cases outside Wuhan continued to increase.
T49 2309-2403 Sentence denotes On January 28th, other areas in China where the infection was reported, were also quarantined.
T50 2404-2490 Sentence denotes On February 4th, a special quarantine procedure was implemented on flights from China.
T51 2491-2715 Sentence denotes The procedure not only involved the assessment of symptoms upon arrival, but also included the identification of individuals confirmed to have COVID-19 and those who had been in close contact with these infected individuals.
T52 2716-2817 Sentence denotes As of February 14th, a total of 7,242 patients were suspected of having COVID-19 and had been tested.
T53 2818-2910 Sentence denotes Of those, 28 were confirmed to have COVID-19 of which 7 were discharged and 21 were treated.
T54 2912-2914 Sentence denotes 2.
T55 2915-2946 Sentence denotes Epidemiological characteristics
T56 2947-3065 Sentence denotes Of the 28 patients with COVID-19, 15 were men (53.6%) and 13 were women (46.1%), with a mean age of 42.6 years (range:
T57 3066-3079 Sentence denotes 20–73 years).
T58 3080-3254 Sentence denotes Regarding age groups, 8 patients were in their 50’s (28.6%), 6 patients each were in their 20’s, 30’s, and 40’s (21.4%), and 1 patient each was in their 60’s and 70’s (3.6%).
T59 3255-3334 Sentence denotes Of the 28 patients, 22 were Korean and 6 were Chinese, of whom 2 were visitors.
T60 3335-3467 Sentence denotes Of the 16 index cases imported from abroad (57.1%), 6 contributed to the occurrence of secondary infections in 10 patients in Korea.
T61 3468-3590 Sentence denotes Of those with secondary infection, 7 were first-generation patients (25.0%) and 3 were second-generation patients (10.7%).
T62 3591-3681 Sentence denotes In the remaining 2 patients (7.2%), the route of transmission remains under investigation.
T63 3682-3895 Sentence denotes The initial symptoms were fever or feeling hot (9 patients, 32.1%), sore throat (9 patients, 32.1%), cough or sputum production (5 patients, 17.9%), chills (5 patients, 17.9%), and muscle ache (4 patients, 14.3%).
T64 3896-3934 Sentence denotes However, 3 patients were asymptomatic.
T65 3935-4015 Sentence denotes In 18 patients, pneumonia was confirmed using imaging once hospitalized (64.3%).
T66 4016-4140 Sentence denotes As of February 14th, 7 out of 28 patients had been discharged, and the average length of hospital stay was 12.7 days (range:
T67 4141-4152 Sentence denotes 8–19 days).
T68 4153-4254 Sentence denotes One patient had visited a marketplace in China, while 2 had visited a medical facility in Wuhan City.
T69 4255-4476 Sentence denotes Of the 28 patients, 10 (35.7%) had at least 1 underlying disease including hypertension, diabetes, asthma, chronic rhinitis, dyslipidemia, and hypothyroidism, and 1 patient had undergone surgery for lung cancer (Table 1).
T70 4477-4592 Sentence denotes “Test count” refers to the number of cases that were reported to KCDC by local health centers and were then tested.
T71 4593-4790 Sentence denotes Prior to February 7th, tests were conducted by KCDC and the Research Institute of Public Health and Environment in the corresponding cities/provinces, the number of reports and test counts matched.
T72 4791-4990 Sentence denotes After February 7th, additional tests were conducted for each individual suspected of having COVID-19 increasing the number of reports, aside from those initially conducted by the local health center.
T73 4991-5141 Sentence denotes The earliest date of symptom onset among the 25 patients with a clear date of onset, was January 10th (for 3 patients, the date of onset was unclear).
T74 5142-5321 Sentence denotes Since then, the number of confirmed index cases imported from abroad continued to increase, and symptoms were first confirmed in patients with secondary infection on January 26th.
T75 5322-5527 Sentence denotes The incubation period was estimated to be 4.1 days based on the date of symptom onset and first exposure (among 9 patients, excluding 1 patient with an unclear date of onset) shown in Figure 1 and Table 2.
T76 5528-5778 Sentence denotes In the 16 index cases imported from abroad, the suspected sites where the infection was first contracted were Wuhan, China (11 cases, 68.3%), Singapore (2 cases, 12.5%), Zhuhai, China (1 case, 6.3%), Thailand (1 case, 6.3%), and Japan (1 case, 6.3%).
T77 5779-5999 Sentence denotes The 10 patients with secondary infection for which the routes of transmission were known were either family members (7 cases, 70.0%) including relatives (2 cases), or acquaintances (3 cases, 30%) of the primary patients.
T78 6000-6160 Sentence denotes The suspected sites of transmission were the home (7 cases, 70.0%), a restaurant (1 case, 10.0%), a church (1 case, 10.0%), and other locations (1 case, 10.0%).
T79 6161-6524 Sentence denotes With regard to the distribution of the 24 cases by region, excluding the 2 Wuhan residents and 2 patients who were evacuated via a charter flight, high incidence rates were reported in Gyeonggi-do (11 patients, 39.3%) and Seoul (9 patients, 32.1%), followed by Gwangju (2 patients, 7.1%), and Jeollabuk-do and Jeollanam-do (1 patient each, 3.6%) shown in Table 2.
T80 6526-6528 Sentence denotes 3.
T81 6529-6565 Sentence denotes Confirming the route of transmission
T82 6566-6826 Sentence denotes Regarding the course of disease development in the 28 patients with confirmed COVID-19 as of February 14th, 6 patients developed secondary infection, which they contracted from previously infected individuals, with each group including 2–6 patients (Figure 2).
T83 6827-6881 Sentence denotes The first group included the following index patients:
T84 6882-7069 Sentence denotes Patient #3 was a 54-year-old man who was asymptomatic upon arrival in Korea on January 20th, but had developed a fever, chills, muscle ache, and nasal congestion by 13:00 on January 22nd.
T85 7070-7207 Sentence denotes Patient #28, who was on the same flight bound from Wuhan to Korea as Patient #3, tested positive on February 10th during self-quarantine.
T86 7208-7263 Sentence denotes The route of transmission is still under investigation.
T87 7264-7456 Sentence denotes In addition, since Patient #28 underwent surgery following entry into the country, and was treated with antibiotics and analgesics, the exact date of onset of symptoms could not be calculated.
T88 7457-7699 Sentence denotes Patient #6, an acquaintance of Patient #3, dined at a restaurant with Patient #3 on the evening of January 22nd for an hour and a half, developed symptoms including the chills on January 26th, and tested positive for COVID-19 on January 30th.
T89 7700-7893 Sentence denotes Patients #10 and #11, the wife and son of Patient #6 who lived and dined at the restaurant with him, developed symptoms on January 29th and 30th, respectively, and tested positive for COVID-19.
T90 7894-8048 Sentence denotes Patient #21, an acquaintance of Patient #6 who attended on January 26th, developed symptoms on January 30th and subsequently tested positive for COVID-19.
T91 8049-8278 Sentence denotes The index case imported from abroad in the second group involved Patient #5, a 32-year-old man from Wuhan who visited Korea on January 24th and started to develop aches similar to that observed in the common cold on January 26th.
T92 8279-8434 Sentence denotes Patient #9, who developed a secondary infection, was an acquaintance of Patient #5 who stayed and dined at the same place as Patient #9 until January 29th.
T93 8435-8551 Sentence denotes Patient #9 developed a headache on January 30th, was managed as a contact case, and tested positive on January 31st.
T94 8552-8752 Sentence denotes The third index case imported from abroad involved Patient #12, a 48-year-old man with a history of contact for business reasons, with a Japanese patient who had tested positive for COVID-19 in Japan.
T95 8753-8815 Sentence denotes This was the first case imported from a country outside China.
T96 8816-8920 Sentence denotes Following entry to Korea on January 19th, the patient started experiencing muscle aches on January 20th.
T97 8921-9036 Sentence denotes However, COVID-19 was not suspected because he arrived in Korea from Japan, and thus reporting/testing was delayed.
T98 9037-9134 Sentence denotes Patient #14 was his wife who stayed with him for more than 10 days before COVID-19 was confirmed.
T99 9135-9207 Sentence denotes She developed symptoms on January 29th and subsequently tested positive.
T100 9208-9350 Sentence denotes The fourth index case involved Patient #15, a 43-year-old man who was being monitored after having close contact with Patient #4 on the plane.
T101 9351-9439 Sentence denotes He developed a fever and a sore throat on February 1st and subsequently tested positive.
T102 9440-9593 Sentence denotes Patient #20, a relative living in the same building but on a different floor, experienced a sore throat on February 4th and subsequently tested positive.
T103 9594-9659 Sentence denotes It is likely that he was infected whilst eating with Patient #15.
T104 9660-9854 Sentence denotes The index case imported from abroad in the fifth group involved Patient #16, a 42-year-old woman who developed chills on January 25th after visiting Thailand and tested positive on February 4th.
T105 9855-10077 Sentence denotes Since Patient #16 developed symptoms after visiting Bangkok and Pattaya, Thailand, between January 15th and January 19th, it is probable that she was either infected at a tourist destination in Thailand or Bangkok airport.
T106 10078-10172 Sentence denotes The daughter of Patient #16 tested positive on February 5th and was designated as Patient #18.
T107 10173-10347 Sentence denotes Among the other family members who dined with Patient #18 at her mother’s house on January 25th, the older brother (Patient #22) tested positive for COVID-19 on February 5th.
T108 10348-10397 Sentence denotes Patients #18 and #22 were initially asymptomatic.
T109 10398-10454 Sentence denotes Hence, the date of symptom onset could not be estimated.
T110 10455-10649 Sentence denotes Moreover, Patient #18 had an overlapping history of visiting Thailand and a hospital visit with Patient #16 in Korea thus, the route of transmission was unclear and remained under investigation.
T111 10650-10783 Sentence denotes The sixth transmission case originating in Korea involved Patient #25, a 73-year-old woman who tested positive at a screening clinic.
T112 10784-10915 Sentence denotes Later, her son (Patient #26) and daughter-in-law (Patient #27) tested positive during the process of epidemiological investigation.
T113 10916-11090 Sentence denotes After patients #26 and #27 entered Korea on January 31st from Zhuhai, Guangdong Province of China, via Macau, the 3 patients remained in the same place of residence in Korea.
T114 11091-11329 Sentence denotes Considering that Patient #27 developed symptoms on February 4th, earlier than Patients #25 and #26, and Patient #25 did not have any previous history of overseas travel, it is likely that Patients #25 and #26 were infected by Patient #27.
T115 11330-11477 Sentence denotes Of the 10 patients with secondary infection and known routes of transmission, 7 were family members including 2 relatives and 3 were acquaintances.
T116 11478-11530 Sentence denotes All these patients either dined or resided together.
T117 11531-11673 Sentence denotes Transmission from patients #3 to #6, and from patients #16 to #22 was assumed to have taken place while they dined together at the same place.
T118 11674-11759 Sentence denotes Patients #6 and #21 did not dine together, but were together for 2 hours at a chapel.
T119 11760-11965 Sentence denotes Regarding transmission, patients with secondary infection had a history of close contact with the primary patient including physical contact, co-dining, and co-habitation for a considerable amount of time.
T120 11966-12156 Sentence denotes In summary, of the 28 confirmed cases, 16 were index cases imported from abroad, 10 were secondary infection cases, and 2 remained under investigation to determine the route of transmission.
T121 12157-12348 Sentence denotes As of February 14th, the 28 patients had come into close contact with 1,781 people, of whom 1,356 were released from surveillance, and 457 were under self-quarantine, and active surveillance.
T122 12349-12532 Sentence denotes The suspected sites of transmission for the 10 patients with secondary infection were the home (7 patients, 60.0%), a restaurant, a church, and other locations (1 patient each, 8.3%).
T123 12533-12721 Sentence denotes The relationship between the primary patient and patients with secondary infection were as follows: family (7 patients, 70.0%, including 2 relatives) and acquaintances (3 patients, 30.0%).
T124 12722-12917 Sentence denotes This finding suggests that secondary infection occurred among individuals who were in close contact with an infected person for a considerable amount of time whilst they lived and dined together.