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PMC:7011107 JSONTXT 23 Projects

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Id Subject Object Predicate Lexical cue
T1 0-82 Sentence denotes An interim review of the epidemiological characteristics of 2019 novel coronavirus
T2 84-92 Sentence denotes Abstract
T3 93-103 Sentence denotes OBJECTIVES
T4 104-232 Sentence denotes The 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) from Wuhan, China is currently recognized as a public health emergency of global concern.
T5 234-241 Sentence denotes METHODS
T6 242-387 Sentence denotes We reviewed the currently available literature to provide up-to-date guidance on control measures to be implemented by public health authorities.
T7 389-396 Sentence denotes RESULTS
T8 397-475 Sentence denotes Some of the epidemiological characteristics of 2019-nCoV have been identified.
T9 476-626 Sentence denotes However, there remain considerable uncertainties, which should be considered when providing guidance to public health authorities on control measures.
T10 628-639 Sentence denotes CONCLUSIONS
T11 640-738 Sentence denotes Additional studies incorporating more detailed information from confirmed cases would be valuable.
T12 740-752 Sentence denotes INTRODUCTION
T13 753-1021 Sentence denotes Several clusters of patients with pneumonia of unknown etiology in Wuhan, Hubei Province, China were reported to the Chinese health authorities starting on December 8, 2019, and most of these cases were epidemiologically linked to a local fish and animal market [1,2].
T14 1022-1146 Sentence denotes The pathogenic agent responsible for these clusters of pneumonia was identified as a 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) [1].
T15 1147-1309 Sentence denotes At the very beginning of the 2019-nCoV outbreak in China, much remained unknown, except for the fact that it was transmitted by direct exposure at the market [3].
T16 1310-1474 Sentence denotes However, person-to-person transmission of 2019-nCoV has been confirmed [4], and asymptomatic individuals have been identified as potential sources of infection [5].
T17 1475-1658 Sentence denotes The number of identified cases has been steadily growing, and as of February 3, a total of 14,557 cases had been reported globally (14,411 in China and 146 in 22 other countries) [6].
T18 1659-1836 Sentence denotes Since the first laboratory-confirmed case was identified on January 20, 2020 in Korea, the number of reported cases grew to 15 as of February 3, 2020 (Figure 1 and Table 1) [7].
T19 1837-2090 Sentence denotes There remain considerable knowledge gaps on 2019-nCoV; therefore, the public health authorities in countries with any likelihood of experiencing imported cases of 2019-nCoV should update the case definition to reflect newly updated epidemiological data.
T20 2091-2270 Sentence denotes Herein, we present a review of the literature on the epidemiological characteristics of human infections with 2019-nCoV to provide an interim summary to public health authorities.
T21 2272-2293 Sentence denotes MATERIALS AND METHODS
T22 2294-2555 Sentence denotes We searched the literature for studies reporting epidemiological characteristics of 2019-nCoV, including the reproductive number, incubation period, serial interval, infectious period, generation time, latent period, and the fatality rate of hospitalized cases.
T23 2556-2725 Sentence denotes The Korean Society of Epidemiology 2019-nCoV Task Force Team (KSE 2019-nCoV TFT) searched for peer-reviewed articles published from December 8, 2019 to February 1, 2020.
T24 2726-2829 Sentence denotes Articles were eligible for inclusion if they reported any epidemiological characteristics of 2019-nCoV.
T25 2831-2847 Sentence denotes Ethics statement
T26 2848-2910 Sentence denotes The ethical approval or individual consent was not applicable.
T27 2912-2919 Sentence denotes RESULTS
T28 2920-2997 Sentence denotes Six articles were identified and included in this review (Table 2) [2,8-12] .
T29 2998-3064 Sentence denotes Four relevant studies estimated the reproductive number [8,10-12].
T30 3065-3202 Sentence denotes A study of confirmed cases from Wuhan, China estimated the reproductive number to be 1.9 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.3 to 3.2) [10].
T31 3203-3308 Sentence denotes Three other studies estimated the mean reproductive number as 0.3, 2.2, and 2.68, respectively [8,11,12].
T32 3309-3461 Sentence denotes A study reported the mean incubation period to be 6.1 days (95% CI, 3.8 to 9.7), and the mean serial interval to be 7.7 days (95% CI, 4.9 to 13.0) [10].
T33 3462-3551 Sentence denotes Two studies predicted the mean doubling time to be between 6.4 days and 8.7 days [10,11].
T34 3552-3634 Sentence denotes Three studies estimated the fatality rate of hospitalized cases as 14-15% [2,8,9].
T35 3635-3717 Sentence denotes We could not identify any studies that reported the infectious and latent periods.
T36 3719-3729 Sentence denotes DISCUSSION
T37 3730-3791 Sentence denotes We reviewed the epidemiological characteristics of 2019-nCoV.
T38 3792-4261 Sentence denotes The estimated reproductive number of 0.3 was obtained from a small number of infected persons with imperfect information in the very early stages of the outbreak [8]; therefore the reproductive number of 2019-nCoV is likely to be similar to that of the 2002/2003 severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) coronavirus during the pre-intervention period (range, 2 to 3) and that of the 2009 pandemic A/H1N1 influenza virus in the United States (range, 1.3 to 1.7) [13-15].
T39 4262-4414 Sentence denotes The incubation period is likely similar to that of the SARS coronavirus, but with a wider confidence interval (mean, 4.8 days; 95% CI, 4.2 to 5.5) [16].
T40 4415-4557 Sentence denotes Furthermore, it is longer than that of the 2009 pandemic A/H1N1 influenza virus (median incubation period, 1.4 days; 95% CI, 1.0 to 1.8) [17].
T41 4558-4765 Sentence denotes Therefore, the evidence reviewed above shows that the current control measures for 2019-nCoV, including a quarantine and observation period of 14 days for suspected cases, can be considered appropriate [10].
T42 4766-4993 Sentence denotes The generation time and serial interval of 2019-nCoV are longer than those of the 2009 pandemic A/H1N1 influenza virus (median generation time, 2.7 days; 95% CI, 2.0 to 3.5; and mean serial interval: range, 2.6 to 3.2) [14,18].
T43 4994-5131 Sentence denotes However, the mean serial interval of 2019-nCoV is similar to that of the SARS coronavirus (mean, 8.4 days; standard deviation, 3.8) [19].
T44 5132-5330 Sentence denotes The overall case fatality rate of 2019-nCoV was estimated by international experts to range from 3% to 14% [15,20], and it is more likely to cause infection in older age groups with commodities [2].
T45 5331-5464 Sentence denotes Epidemiological parameters are usually obtained from a consecutive timeline of the number of reported cases and contact-tracing data.
T46 5465-5667 Sentence denotes However, most of the studies included in our review made estimates using data obtained from the early stages of the outbreak in Wuhan, in which the reporting of confirmed cases may have been incomplete.
T47 5668-5804 Sentence denotes Furthermore, differences in the simulation methodology used in various scenarios may result in a wide spectrum of estimated values [21].
T48 5805-5875 Sentence denotes Therefore, caution is needed when interpreting these reported results.
T49 5876-5969 Sentence denotes The number of confirmed cases is increasing in China and in other countries, including Korea.
T50 5970-6075 Sentence denotes Furthermore, the likelihood of local transmission is increasing as a result of cases entering from China.
T51 6076-6459 Sentence denotes In light of a report describing a case of human-to-human transmission in the asymptomatic period [5], it is necessary to consider updating the case definition for surveillance; however, more detailed studies presenting evidence on the epidemiological nature, clinical presentation, and pathogenesis of 2019-nCoV are necessary to provide information for public health decision-making.
T52 6461-6529 Sentence denotes The authors have no conflicts of interest to declare for this study.
T53 6530-6537 Sentence denotes FUNDING
T54 6538-6543 Sentence denotes None.
T55 6544-6564 Sentence denotes AUTHOR CONTRIBUTIONS
T56 6565-6592 Sentence denotes Conceptualization: BCC, SR.
T57 6593-6626 Sentence denotes Data curation: KSE 2019-nCoV TFT.
T58 6627-6652 Sentence denotes Formal analysis: BCC, SR.
T59 6653-6674 Sentence denotes Methodology: BCC, SR.
T60 6675-6710 Sentence denotes Writing - original draft : BCC, SR.
T61 6711-6766 Sentence denotes Writing - review & editing: BCC, KSE 2019-nCoV TFT, SR.
T62 6768-6841 Sentence denotes A full list of the members of KSE 2019-nCoV TFT (alphabetically ordered):
T63 6842-7944 Sentence denotes Byung Chul Chun (Department of Preventive Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul); Dong Hyun Kim (Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, Hallym University College of Medicine, Chuncheon); Hae-Kwan Cheong (Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon); Heeyoung Lee (Center for Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Seoul National University Bundang Hosptial, Seongnam); Hyunjin Son (Busan Center for Infectious Disease Control and Prevention, Busan National University Hospital); Ji-Hyuk Park (Department of Preventive Medicine, Dongguk University, Gyeongju), Jong-Hun Kim (Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon); Kwan Lee (Department of Preventive Medicine, Dongguk University, Gyeongju); Kwang-Pil Ko (Department of Preventive Medicine, Gachon University, College of Medicine, Incheon); Sukhyun Ryu (Department of Preventive Medicine, Konyang University, Daejeon); Sung-il Cho (Graduate School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul); Young June Choe (Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, Hallym University College of Medicine, Chuncheon).
T64 7946-7969 Sentence denotes SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIALS
T65 7970-8024 Sentence denotes Korean version is available at http://www.e-epih.org/.
T66 8026-8035 Sentence denotes Figure 1.
T67 8037-8154 Sentence denotes Timeline of individuals with laboratory-confirmed 2019 novel coronavirus infections in Korea, as of February 3, 2020.
T68 8155-8163 Sentence denotes Table 1.
T69 8165-8257 Sentence denotes List of confirmed cases of 2019 novel coronavirus infection in Korea, as of February 3, 2020
T70 8258-8266 Sentence denotes Case No.
T71 8268-8358 Sentence denotes Age (yr) Sex Nationality Date of entry to Korea Suspected infection of place or origin
T72 8359-8410 Sentence denotes #1 35 Female Chinese Jan 19, 2020 Wuhan, China
T73 8411-8459 Sentence denotes #2 55 Male Korean Jan 22, 2020 Wuhan, China
T74 8460-8508 Sentence denotes #3 54 Male Korean Jan 20, 2020 Wuhan, China
T75 8509-8557 Sentence denotes #4 55 Male Korean Jan 20, 2020 Wuhan, China
T76 8558-8587 Sentence denotes #5 33 Male Korean Jan 24.
T77 8588-8606 Sentence denotes 2020 Wuhan, China
T78 8607-8639 Sentence denotes #6 55 Male Korean - Case #3
T79 8640-8688 Sentence denotes #7 28 Male Korean Jan 23, 2020 Wuhan, China
T80 8689-8739 Sentence denotes #8 62 Female Korean Jan 23, 2020 Wuhan, China
T81 8740-8774 Sentence denotes #9 28 Female Korean - Case #5
T82 8775-8810 Sentence denotes #10 54 Female Korean - Case #6
T83 8811-8844 Sentence denotes #11 25 Male Korean - Case #6
T84 8845-8895 Sentence denotes #12 48 Male Chinese Jan 19, 2020 Osaka, Japan
T85 8896-8945 Sentence denotes #13 28 Male Korean Jan 31, 2020 Wuhan, China
T86 8946-8983 Sentence denotes #14 40 Female Chinese - Case #12
T87 8984-9033 Sentence denotes #15 43 Male Korean Jan 20, 2020 Wuhan, China
T88 9034-9042 Sentence denotes Table 2.
T89 9044-9084 Sentence denotes Summary of reviews included in the study
T90 9085-9264 Sentence denotes Study Study setting Reproductive (n) Incubation period (d) Serial interval (d) Infectious period Doubling time (d) Latent period Fatality rate among hospitalized cases (%)
T91 9265-9346 Sentence denotes Wu et al. [8] Publicly-available data in China as at Jan 22, 2020 0.30 (95% CI:
T92 9347-9393 Sentence denotes 0.17, 0.44) NA NA NA NA NA 14.0 (95% CI:
T93 9394-9404 Sentence denotes 3.9, 32.0)
T94 9405-9529 Sentence denotes Huang et al. [9] 41 confirmed cases admitted to a designated hospital in Wuhan by Jan 2, 2020 NA NA NA NA NA NA 15.0
T95 9530-9663 Sentence denotes Chen et al. [2] 99 confirmed cases admitted in Wuhan Jinyintan Hosptial between Jan 1 and Jan 20, 2020 NA NA NA NA NA NA 14.6
T96 9664-9741 Sentence denotes Li et al. [10] 425 confirmed cases in Wuhan as at Jan 22, 2020 1.9 (95% CI:
T97 9742-9765 Sentence denotes 1.3, 3.2) 6.1 (95% CI:
T98 9766-9789 Sentence denotes 3.8, 9.7) 7.7 (95% CI:
T99 9790-9818 Sentence denotes 4.9, 13.0) NA 8.7 (95% CI:
T100 9819-9837 Sentence denotes 4.8, 17.0) NA NA
T101 9838-9885 Sentence denotes Riou et al. [12] Modelling study 2.2 (90% CI:
T102 9886-9919 Sentence denotes 1.4, 3.8) NA NA NA NA NA NA
T103 9920-9966 Sentence denotes Wu et al. [11] Modeling study 2.68 (95% CrI:
T104 9967-10005 Sentence denotes 2.47, 2.86) NA NA NA 6.4 (95% CrI:
T105 10006-10023 Sentence denotes 5.8, 7.1) NA NA
T106 10024-10091 Sentence denotes CI, confidence interval; Crl, credible interval; NA, not available.