| Id |
Subject |
Object |
Predicate |
Lexical cue |
| T93 |
0-4 |
Sentence |
denotes |
4.2. |
| T94 |
6-68 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Inhibitory effect on T cell activation and cytokine production |
| T95 |
69-171 |
Sentence |
denotes |
CQ/HCQ regulate the release of various pro-inflammatory factors, which are important immunomodulators. |
| T96 |
172-357 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Intracellular alkalinization by CQ/HCQ inhibits lysosomal activity, preventing antigen processing, major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II expression and immune activation [40]. |
| T97 |
358-468 |
Sentence |
denotes |
This process can inhibit T cell activation and block expression of CD154 on the surface of CD4 + T cells [41]. |
| T98 |
469-601 |
Sentence |
denotes |
CQ also reduces cytokines such as interleukin (IL)-1, IL-6 and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) produced by T cells and B cells [42]. |
| T99 |
602-792 |
Sentence |
denotes |
At the same time, changes of endosomal pH can interfere with Toll-like receptor (TLR) signaling, such as TLR7 and TLR9 processing, inhibiting the activation and production of cytokines [43]. |
| T100 |
793-944 |
Sentence |
denotes |
CQ/HCQ also weaken the cyclic GMP-AMP (cGAMP) synthase (cGAS) activity by inhibiting cytosolic DNA, thereby reducing type I interferon production [44]. |
| T101 |
945-1093 |
Sentence |
denotes |
In vitro, CQ/HCQ can also inhibit phospholipase A2, altering the metabolism of arachidonic acid, and reducing the production of prostaglandins [45]. |
| T102 |
1094-1389 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Some clinical studies have found that high concentrations of cytokines and pro-inflammatory factors such as IL-6 and IL-10 are elevated in the plasma of critically ill patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 [46,47], suggesting that cytokine release syndrome (CRS) is associated with disease severity. |
| T103 |
1390-1516 |
Sentence |
denotes |
In the aspect of immune response, HCQ/CQ therefore are likely to inhibit CRS, delaying the progression of COVID-19 (Figure 1). |
