| Id |
Subject |
Object |
Predicate |
Lexical cue |
| T1 |
0-215 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Aberrant caveolin-1-mediated Smad signaling and proliferation identified by analysis of adenine 474 deletion mutation (c.474delA) in patient fibroblasts: a new perspective on the mechanism of pulmonary hypertension. |
| T2 |
216-346 |
Sentence |
denotes |
A heterozygous caveolin-1 c.474delA mutation has been identified in a family with heritable pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). |
| T3 |
347-513 |
Sentence |
denotes |
This frameshift mutation leads to a caveolin-1 protein that contains all known functional domains but has a change in only the final 20 amino acids of the C-terminus. |
| T4 |
514-610 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Here we studied how this mutation alters caveolin-1 function, using patient-derived fibroblasts. |
| T5 |
611-722 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Transmission electron microscopy showed that fibroblasts carrying the c.474delA mutation form typical caveolae. |
| T6 |
723-901 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Expression of mutated caveolin-1 in caveolin-1-null mouse fibroblasts failed to induce formation of caveolae due to retention of the mutated protein in the endoplasmic reticulum. |
| T7 |
902-1010 |
Sentence |
denotes |
However, coexpression of wild-type caveolin-1 with mutated caveolin-1 restored the ability to form caveolae. |
| T8 |
1011-1154 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Importantly, fibroblasts carrying the mutation showed twofold increase in proliferation rate associated with hyperphosphorylation of Smad1/5/8. |
| T9 |
1155-1223 |
Sentence |
denotes |
This mutation impaired the antiproliferative function of caveolin-1. |
| T10 |
1224-1377 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Inhibition of type I TGFβ receptors ALK1/2/3/6 responsible for phosphorylation of Smad1/5/8 reduced the hyperproliferation seen in c.474delA fibroblasts. |
| T11 |
1378-1706 |
Sentence |
denotes |
These results demonstrate the critical role of the final 20 amino acids of caveolin-1 in modulating fibroblast proliferation by dampening Smad signaling and suggest that augmented Smad signaling and fibroblast hyperproliferation are contributing factors in the pathogenesis of PAH in patients with caveolin-1 c.474delA mutation. |