| Id |
Subject |
Object |
Predicate |
Lexical cue |
| T1 |
0-90 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Leukemia inhibitory factor protects the lung during respiratory syncytial viral infection. |
| T2 |
91-102 |
Sentence |
denotes |
BACKGROUND: |
| T3 |
103-289 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infects the lung epithelium where it stimulates the production of numerous host cytokines that are associated with disease burden and acute lung injury. |
| T4 |
290-487 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Characterizing the host cytokine response to RSV infection, the regulation of host cytokines and the impact of neutralizing an RSV-inducible cytokine during infection were undertaken in this study. |
| T5 |
488-801 |
Sentence |
denotes |
METHODS: A549, primary human small airway epithelial (SAE) cells and wild-type, TIR-domain-containing adapter-inducing interferon-β (Trif) and mitochondrial antiviral-signaling protein (Mavs) knockout (KO) mice were infected with RSV and cytokine responses were investigated by ELISA, multiplex analysis and qPCR. |
| T6 |
802-944 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Neutralizing anti-leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF) IgG or control IgG was administered to a group of wild-type animals prior to RSV infection. |
| T7 |
945-1204 |
Sentence |
denotes |
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION: RSV-infected A549 and SAE cells release a network of cytokines, including newly identified RSV-inducible cytokines LIF, migration inhibitory factor (MIF), stem cell factor (SCF), CCL27, CXCL12 and stem cell growth factor beta (SCGF-β). |
| T8 |
1205-1297 |
Sentence |
denotes |
These RSV-inducible cytokines were also observed in the airways of mice during an infection. |
| T9 |
1298-1408 |
Sentence |
denotes |
To identify the regulation of RSV inducible cytokines, Mavs and Trif deficient animals were infected with RSV. |
| T10 |
1409-1587 |
Sentence |
denotes |
In vivo induction of airway IL-1β, IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, IL-12(p40), IFN-γ, CCL2, CCL5, CCL3, CXCL1, IP-10/CXCL10, IL-22, MIG/CXCL9 and MIF were dependent on Mavs expression in mice. |
| T11 |
1588-1697 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Loss of Trif expression in mice altered the RSV induction of IL-1β, IL-5, CXCL12, MIF, LIF, CXCL12 and IFN-γ. |
| T12 |
1698-1953 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Silencing of retinoic acid-inducible gene-1 (RIG-I) expression in A549 cells had a greater impact on RSV-inducible cytokines than melanoma differentiation-associated protein 5 (MDA5) and laboratory of genetics and physiology 2 (LGP2), and Trif expression. |
| T13 |
1954-2226 |
Sentence |
denotes |
To evaluate the role of LIF in the airways during RSV infection, animals were treated with neutralizing anti-LIF IgG, which enhanced RSV pathology observed with increased airspace protein content, apoptosis and airway hyperresponsiveness compared to control IgG treatment. |
| T14 |
2227-2368 |
Sentence |
denotes |
CONCLUSIONS: RSV infection in the epithelium induces a network of immune factors to counter infection, primarily in a RIG-I dependent manner. |
| T15 |
2369-2466 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Expression of LIF protects the lung from lung injury and enhanced pathology during RSV infection. |
