| Id |
Subject |
Object |
Predicate |
Lexical cue |
| T1 |
0-91 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Sex-differential genetic effect of phosphodiesterase 4D (PDE4D) on carotid atherosclerosis. |
| T2 |
92-103 |
Sentence |
denotes |
BACKGROUND: |
| T3 |
104-190 |
Sentence |
denotes |
The phosphodiesterase 4D (PDE4D) gene was reported as a susceptibility gene to stroke. |
| T4 |
191-304 |
Sentence |
denotes |
The genetic effect might be attributed to its role in modulating the atherogenic process in the carotid arteries. |
| T5 |
305-476 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Using carotid intima-media thickness (IMT) and plaque index as phenotypes, the present study sought to determine the influence of this gene on subclinical atherosclerosis. |
| T6 |
477-485 |
Sentence |
denotes |
METHODS: |
| T7 |
486-634 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Carotid ultrasonography was performed on 1013 stroke-free subjects who participated in the health screening programs (age 52.6 +/- 12.2; 47.6% men). |
| T8 |
635-772 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Genotype distribution was compared among the high-risk (plaque index > or = 4), low-risk (index = 1-3), and reference (index = 0) groups. |
| T9 |
773-898 |
Sentence |
denotes |
We analyzed continuous IMT data and further dichotomized IMT data using mean plus one standard deviation as the cutoff level. |
| T10 |
899-1077 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Because the plaque prevalence and IMT values displayed a notable difference between men and women, we carried out sex-specific analyses in addition to analyzing the overall data. |
| T11 |
1078-1186 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Rs702553 at the PDE4D gene was selected because it conferred a risk for young stroke in our previous report. |
| T12 |
1187-1363 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Previous young stroke data (190 cases and 211 controls) with an additional 532 control subjects without ultrasonic data were shown as a cross-validation for the genetic effect. |
| T13 |
1364-1372 |
Sentence |
denotes |
RESULTS: |
| T14 |
1373-1490 |
Sentence |
denotes |
In the overall analyses, the rare homozygote of rs702553 led to an OR of 3.1 (p = 0.034) for a plaque index > or = 4. |
| T15 |
1491-1589 |
Sentence |
denotes |
When subjects were stratified by sex, the genetic effect was only evident in men but not in women. |
| T16 |
1590-1740 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Comparing male subjects with plaque index > or = 4 and those with plaque index = 0, the TT genotype was over-represented (27.6% vs. 13.4%, p = 0.008). |
| T17 |
1741-1905 |
Sentence |
denotes |
For dichotomized IMT data in men, the TT genotype had an OR of 2.1 (p = 0.032) for a thicker IMT at the common carotid artery compared with the (AA + AT) genotypes. |
| T18 |
1906-1974 |
Sentence |
denotes |
In women, neither IMT nor plaque index was associated with rs702553. |
| T19 |
1975-2090 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Similarly, SNP rs702553 was only significant in young stroke men (OR = 1.8, p = 0.025) but not in women (p = 0.27). |
| T20 |
2091-2103 |
Sentence |
denotes |
CONCLUSIONS: |
| T21 |
2104-2270 |
Sentence |
denotes |
The present study demonstrates a sex-differential effect of PDE4D on IMT, plaque index and stroke, which highlights its influence on various aspects of atherogenesis. |