| Id |
Subject |
Object |
Predicate |
Lexical cue |
| T1 |
0-124 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Thiamine deficiency activates hypoxia inducible factor-1α to facilitate pro-apoptotic responses in mouse primary astrocytes. |
| T1 |
0-124 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Thiamine deficiency activates hypoxia inducible factor-1α to facilitate pro-apoptotic responses in mouse primary astrocytes. |
| T2 |
125-270 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Thiamine is an essential enzyme cofactor required for proper metabolic function and maintenance of metabolism and energy production in the brain. |
| T2 |
125-270 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Thiamine is an essential enzyme cofactor required for proper metabolic function and maintenance of metabolism and energy production in the brain. |
| T3 |
271-477 |
Sentence |
denotes |
In developed countries, thiamine deficiency (TD) is most often manifested following chronic alcohol consumption leading to impaired mitochondrial function, oxidative stress, inflammation and excitotoxicity. |
| T3 |
271-477 |
Sentence |
denotes |
In developed countries, thiamine deficiency (TD) is most often manifested following chronic alcohol consumption leading to impaired mitochondrial function, oxidative stress, inflammation and excitotoxicity. |
| T4 |
478-566 |
Sentence |
denotes |
These biochemical lesions result in apoptotic cell death in both neurons and astrocytes. |
| T4 |
478-566 |
Sentence |
denotes |
These biochemical lesions result in apoptotic cell death in both neurons and astrocytes. |
| T5 |
567-773 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Comparable histological injuries in patients with hypoxia/ischemia and TD have been described in the thalamus and mammillary bodies, suggesting a congruency between the cellular responses to these stresses. |
| T5 |
567-773 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Comparable histological injuries in patients with hypoxia/ischemia and TD have been described in the thalamus and mammillary bodies, suggesting a congruency between the cellular responses to these stresses. |
| T6 |
774-907 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Consistent with hypoxia/ischemia, TD stabilizes and activates Hypoxia Inducible Factor-1α (HIF-1α) under physiological oxygen levels. |
| T6 |
774-907 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Consistent with hypoxia/ischemia, TD stabilizes and activates Hypoxia Inducible Factor-1α (HIF-1α) under physiological oxygen levels. |
| T7 |
908-991 |
Sentence |
denotes |
However, the role of TD-induced HIF-1α in neurological injury is currently unknown. |
| T7 |
908-991 |
Sentence |
denotes |
However, the role of TD-induced HIF-1α in neurological injury is currently unknown. |
| T8 |
992-1128 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Using Western blot analysis and RT-PCR, we have demonstrated that TD induces HIF-1α expression and activity in primary mouse astrocytes. |
| T8 |
992-1128 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Using Western blot analysis and RT-PCR, we have demonstrated that TD induces HIF-1α expression and activity in primary mouse astrocytes. |
| T9 |
1129-1296 |
Sentence |
denotes |
We observed a time-dependent increase in mRNA and protein expression of the pro-apoptotic and pro-inflammatory HIF-1α target genes MCP1, BNIP3, Nix and Noxa during TD. |
| T9 |
1129-1296 |
Sentence |
denotes |
We observed a time-dependent increase in mRNA and protein expression of the pro-apoptotic and pro-inflammatory HIF-1α target genes MCP1, BNIP3, Nix and Noxa during TD. |
| T10 |
1297-1417 |
Sentence |
denotes |
We also observed apoptotic cell death in TD as demonstrated by PI/Annexin V staining, TUNEL assay, and Cell Death ELISA. |
| T10 |
1297-1417 |
Sentence |
denotes |
We also observed apoptotic cell death in TD as demonstrated by PI/Annexin V staining, TUNEL assay, and Cell Death ELISA. |
| T11 |
1418-1589 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Pharmacological inhibition of HIF-1α activity using YC1 and thiamine repletion both reduced expression of pro-apoptotic HIF-1α target genes and apoptotic cell death in TD. |
| T11 |
1418-1589 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Pharmacological inhibition of HIF-1α activity using YC1 and thiamine repletion both reduced expression of pro-apoptotic HIF-1α target genes and apoptotic cell death in TD. |
| T12 |
1590-1783 |
Sentence |
denotes |
These results demonstrate that induction of HIF-1α mediated transcriptional up-regulation of pro-apoptotic/inflammatory signaling contributes to astrocyte cell death during thiamine deficiency. |
| T12 |
1590-1783 |
Sentence |
denotes |
These results demonstrate that induction of HIF-1α mediated transcriptional up-regulation of pro-apoptotic/inflammatory signaling contributes to astrocyte cell death during thiamine deficiency. |