Id |
Subject |
Object |
Predicate |
Lexical cue |
T1 |
0-102 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Interleukin-1 and tumor necrosis factor and their naturally occurring antagonists during hemodialysis. |
T1 |
0-102 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Interleukin-1 and tumor necrosis factor and their naturally occurring antagonists during hemodialysis. |
T2 |
103-230 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Cytokines are polypeptides which possess various biological properties affecting host defense function and response to disease. |
T2 |
103-230 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Cytokines are polypeptides which possess various biological properties affecting host defense function and response to disease. |
T3 |
231-387 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Two cytokines, interleukin-1 (IL-1) and tumor necrosis factor (TNF) induce fever, hypotension and inflammation when injected into animals or human subjects. |
T3 |
231-387 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Two cytokines, interleukin-1 (IL-1) and tumor necrosis factor (TNF) induce fever, hypotension and inflammation when injected into animals or human subjects. |
T4 |
388-500 |
Sentence |
denotes |
In humans injected with either IL-1 or TNF, sleepiness, generalized myalgias and headache are commonly reported. |
T4 |
388-500 |
Sentence |
denotes |
In humans injected with either IL-1 or TNF, sleepiness, generalized myalgias and headache are commonly reported. |
T5 |
501-661 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Therefore, the production of IL-1 and TNF as a consequence of hemodialysis was hypothesized to explain, in part, the signs and symptoms of the dialysis patient. |
T5 |
501-661 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Therefore, the production of IL-1 and TNF as a consequence of hemodialysis was hypothesized to explain, in part, the signs and symptoms of the dialysis patient. |
T6 |
662-847 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Laboratory studies confirmed that the activation of complement and the passage of microbial products from the dialysate into the blood compartment induces the synthesis of IL-1 and TNF. |
T6 |
662-847 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Laboratory studies confirmed that the activation of complement and the passage of microbial products from the dialysate into the blood compartment induces the synthesis of IL-1 and TNF. |
T7 |
848-1115 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Although elevated production of IL-1 and TNF in the mononuclear cells and in the circulation of patients during and after hemodialysis have been reported, these levels have not been a consistent finding and are low compared to the amount of dialysis related symptoms. |
T7 |
848-1115 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Although elevated production of IL-1 and TNF in the mononuclear cells and in the circulation of patients during and after hemodialysis have been reported, these levels have not been a consistent finding and are low compared to the amount of dialysis related symptoms. |
T8 |
1116-1282 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Recent studies, however, demonstrate that IL-1 and TNF have naturally occurring antagonists which specifically block the biological activities of these two cytokines. |
T8 |
1116-1282 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Recent studies, however, demonstrate that IL-1 and TNF have naturally occurring antagonists which specifically block the biological activities of these two cytokines. |
T9 |
1283-1376 |
Sentence |
denotes |
The IL-1 receptor antagonist blocks IL-1 binding to cells but has no IL-1 activity of itself. |
T9 |
1283-1376 |
Sentence |
denotes |
The IL-1 receptor antagonist blocks IL-1 binding to cells but has no IL-1 activity of itself. |
T10 |
1377-1489 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Soluble TNF receptors prevent TNF from binding to its cellular receptors and hence serve as anti-TNF mechanisms. |
T10 |
1377-1489 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Soluble TNF receptors prevent TNF from binding to its cellular receptors and hence serve as anti-TNF mechanisms. |
T11 |
1490-1750 |
Sentence |
denotes |
These inhibitors are currently in clinical trials for sepsis where efficacy has been demonstrated; however, the IL-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1Ra) and soluble TNF receptors (sTNFR) are likely candidates for use in dialysis patients with symptomatic hypotension. |
T11 |
1490-1750 |
Sentence |
denotes |
These inhibitors are currently in clinical trials for sepsis where efficacy has been demonstrated; however, the IL-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1Ra) and soluble TNF receptors (sTNFR) are likely candidates for use in dialysis patients with symptomatic hypotension. |
T12 |
1751-1874 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Although levels of IL-1Ra and sTNFR are elevated in patients on HD, these levels reflect the host response to inflammation. |
T12 |
1751-1874 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Although levels of IL-1Ra and sTNFR are elevated in patients on HD, these levels reflect the host response to inflammation. |
T13 |
1875-2042 |
Sentence |
denotes |
It is unclear whether acute or chronic administration of IL-1Ra or sTNFR will be beneficial in treating some of the acute or chronic changes seen in dialysis patients. |
T13 |
1875-2042 |
Sentence |
denotes |
It is unclear whether acute or chronic administration of IL-1Ra or sTNFR will be beneficial in treating some of the acute or chronic changes seen in dialysis patients. |