Epistemic_Statements  

CORD-19:e9854fb393df6ec24710f80621ac88983c3a0fcc JSONTXT 8 Projects

Annnotations TAB TSV DIC JSON TextAE

Id Subject Object Predicate Lexical cue
T1 0-95 Epistemic_statement denotes Archives of Virology "Runde" Virus, a Coronavirus-Like Agent Assoeiated With Seabirds and Tieks
T2 106-285 Epistemic_statement denotes From 206 1. uriae collected in the seabird colonies at Runde, Norway, two identical virus strains demonstrating no antigenic relationships to major arbovirus groups were isolated.
T3 740-870 Epistemic_statement denotes The ecological circumstances of the isolates indicate an earlier unrecognized arbovirus circulating between seabirds and I. uriae.
T4 1070-1351 Epistemic_statement denotes Until then., no arbovirus isolates had been reported from this country, although ecological and cli-nicaI/epidemiological considerations (3, 24, 26) and a limited serological survey on bovine sera (28) indicated the existence of Central-European tick-borne encephalitis virus fool.
T5 1352-1491 Epistemic_statement denotes The early phase of the project concerns the study of the importance of ticks as vectors; later, mosquito-borne agents will be investigated.
T6 1727-1831 Epistemic_statement denotes Its ability to attack man and mammMs has been questionable, but this has been recently documented (18) .
T7 1832-1900 Epistemic_statement denotes This paper describes studies with Ixodes uriae as a possible vector.
T8 1901-1937 Epistemic_statement denotes These studies were undertaken since:
T9 1938-2063 Epistemic_statement denotes a) The tick is part of rather confined ecosystem which might be suitable for studies on virus-vector-host interrelationships.
T10 2064-2166 Epistemic_statement denotes b) Virus-transmission by this tick might have mainly zoonoticM but also some public health importance.
T11 3514-3632 Epistemic_statement denotes Further up towards the plateau there are rockfalls covered by thin layers of soil supporting various gramnivor plants.
T12 4031-4170 Epistemic_statement denotes Most of the ticks were to varying degrees surrounded by desiccated skinflaps indicating that they had newly emerged to their present stage.
T13 9075-9214 Epistemic_statement denotes HA activity was tested within the pH range 5.6--7.2 at 4 °, 22 ° and 37 ° C. Erythrocytes from a variety of species have been investigated.
T14 10440-10514 Epistemic_statement denotes The first lines then could be seen 4--5 hours after antiserum application.
T15 12548-12649 Epistemic_statement denotes However, in the first passage (M1) the mice were moribund after 1.4 days for E81 and 13 days for E85.
T16 15259-15605 Epistemic_statement denotes The antigenic preparations have been kept at, --20 ° C for 11 months without loss in reactivity, Itaemagglutinating (HA) antigens can be produced ~om infected SMB by the SA extraction method of CL~R~:E and CASALS (4), hut Mso suspensions of crude infected SMB and PEG 6000/NaC1 precipitated cell culture fluids contain haemagglutinating activity.
T17 15704-15803 Epistemic_statement denotes The highest titers and most clearcut endpoints have however been attained by pit 6.4--6.8 at 4 ° C.
T18 15804-15880 Epistemic_statement denotes In HAI no serologic differences between RUE81 and E85 could be demonstrated.
T19 17325-17383 Epistemic_statement denotes I t seems to contain an inner structure 80 nm in diameter.
T20 17968-18084 Epistemic_statement denotes The particles seem to have a double outer membrane, but no knobs are visible by thin sections and positive staining.
T21 18086-18270 Epistemic_statement denotes When the Runde virus strairts were first isolated, it had to be kept in mind that they might originate from the staff handling the tick pools, or from the baby mice used for isolation.
T22 18271-18476 Epistemic_statement denotes The reisolations from the original tick suspensions (Table 2) , a~d the properties differing from known human, rodent and also avian eoronaviruses (2, 19) , could not entirely rule out these possibilities.
T23 18477-18628 Epistemic_statement denotes But the fact that antibodies to the virus were demonstrated irt seabirds and the isolation of virus also in cell cultures seem to settle this question.
T24 18629-18766 Epistemic_statement denotes Circumstances of tickcollection strongly support that Runde virus is an arbovirus in the ecological sense, and not a mechanical pick-up :
T25 18767-18769 Epistemic_statement denotes 1.
T26 18770-18891 Epistemic_statement denotes I t is highly unlike that a relatively labile virus should survive for 3 weeks in I. uriae without active multiplication.
T27 18895-19132 Epistemic_statement denotes The lack of engorgement or pregnancy of the female I. uriae, and the fact that they were in diapause and surrounded by desiccated skinlaps, strongly indicate that t~unde virus m a y have passed interstadially in the virus-carrying ticks.
T28 19133-19267 Epistemic_statement denotes Still, the final inclusion of t~unde virus amortg the arboviruses must await the demonstratiorl of true biological transmission by .I.
T29 19275-19457 Epistemic_statement denotes Although the morphology of gunde virus strikingly resembles that of the eoronavirus group, some characteristics of the virus differ considerably from 3* those of known coronaviruses.
T30 19607-19706 Epistemic_statement denotes Besides, the size of the virion seems larger than for other members of the coronavirus group (19) .
T31 19707-19967 Epistemic_statement denotes The discrepancy in size between negative contrast and thin sections may be partly due to shrinkage during fixation and dehydration prior to embedding and thin sectioning, and partly to collapse of the particles by negative staining adding to their actual size.
T32 19968-20127 Epistemic_statement denotes The most reliable staining procedure for size calculations probably is negative staining by uranyloxalate which also stabilizes the structure of the particles.
T33 20267-20533 Epistemic_statement denotes But Runde virus is probably a "new" coronavirus on the grounds of: its morphology, the lack of cross reaction with avian infectious bronchitis virus and the lack of serological reactions with control mouse sera probably eliminating the possibility of MI-IV isolates.
T34 20677-20868 Epistemic_statement denotes The demonstration of this hitherto unrecognized virus associated with seabirds and ticks also necessitates further efforts to clarify-the ecological and possible epizootologieal implications.
T35 21176-21229 Epistemic_statement denotes This must of course bring viruses into consideration.
T36 21230-21337 Epistemic_statement denotes A synergistic action between pesticides and virus seems one possible working hypothesis in this connection.
T37 21862-21959 Epistemic_statement denotes Some indications that it might be widespread in Norwegian seabird eolonies can be given, however.
T38 22261-22444 Epistemic_statement denotes Further field work and experiments which may throw more light upon th(~ ecological interrelationships of Runde virus as well as upon the characteristics of the virion are in progress.