Epistemic_Statements  

CORD-19:48b81081bbcbdbea648394d8bf2adf370b36e44c JSONTXT 8 Projects

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Id Subject Object Predicate Lexical cue
T1 0-230 Epistemic_statement denotes Abstracts from the 11th International Congress of Behavioral Medicine PM MULTILEVEL ANALYSES OF REPEATED AND CLUSTERED OBSERVATIONS: THE GENERALISATION FROM SIMPLE LINEAR MODELS TO LINEAR MIXED MODELS AND VARIANCE COMPONENT MODELS
T2 232-323 Epistemic_statement denotes are efficacious in brief treatment settings, and our outcomes data supports this assertion.
T3 324-480 Epistemic_statement denotes Limitations of the intervention include participant attrition and insufficient access to comprehensive mental health and substance use management resources.
T4 481-566 Epistemic_statement denotes D. Further Recommendations: For many, maintaining treatment adherence is challenging.
T5 567-774 Epistemic_statement denotes Implementing programs that offer unlimited sessions of mental health counseling and substance use treatment or harm-reduction strategies for people living with HIV could greatly increase treatment adherence.
T6 775-887 Epistemic_statement denotes Additionally, public health policy could be modified with the aim of de-stigmatizing those living with HIV/AIDS.
T7 888-975 Epistemic_statement denotes Effective legislation could include acts recognizing and legitimizing same sex couples.
T8 976-1079 Epistemic_statement denotes Comprehensive, accessible health care should be provided to anyone, regardless of socioeconomic status.
T9 1080-1254 Epistemic_statement denotes These changes could help mitigate the shame reported by some people living with HIV/ AIDS, potentially leading to greater help seeking behaviors and lower transmission rates.
T10 1255-1507 Epistemic_statement denotes Additionally, embracing HIV testing as a routine component of primary care could help to reduce HIV incidence and minimize stigma, potentially leading to a number of positive personal and public health outcomes, including increased treatment adherence.
T11 1508-1734 Epistemic_statement denotes The impact of depression on treatment adherence in individuals with End Stage Renal Disease (ESRD) has been well-supported in the literature (Hailey & Moss, 2000) ; however, the influence of anxiety on adherence is less clear.
T12 1735-1989 Epistemic_statement denotes It has been suggested that the relationship between anxiety and adherence may be indirect and influenced by other cognitive or psychosocial variables such as locus of control or knowledge of disease (Brownbridge & Fielding, 1994 , DiMatteo et al., 2000 .
T13 1990-2165 Epistemic_statement denotes Anxiety has been related to adherence with antibiotic regimens (Cockburn et al., 1987) , and for patients with asthma (Baiardini et al., 2006) and COPD (Dowson et al., 2004) .
T14 2166-2397 Epistemic_statement denotes A limitation of previous research on anxiety and adherence in ESRD is the failure to investigate the differential impact of anxiety on specific components of adherence (e.g., medication, appointment attendance, dietary guidelines).
T15 2398-2555 Epistemic_statement denotes The goal of the present study was to conduct a preliminary investigation into the relationship of anxiety and renal disease knowledge to treatment adherence.
T16 3089-3388 Epistemic_statement denotes Data analysis on self-reported compliance revealed that there were no group differences with regard to renal disease knowledge; however, patients in the anxious group were rated as significantly more compliant with renal diet and appointment attendance than non-anxious patients (t > 2.20, p < .05).
T17 3806-3981 Epistemic_statement denotes The present data support the need to consider medical adherence as a multifaceted concept by demonstrating that anxiety is related to some aspects of renal disease management.
T18 4116-4214 Epistemic_statement denotes Limitations of the present study, implications, and suggestions for future research are presented.
T19 4215-4437 Epistemic_statement denotes Background: Recent studies of health care referrals among the under five children with high fever have indicated that incomplete treatment due unfulfilled referrals was the major reason for the children dying in the homes.
T20 4438-4679 Epistemic_statement denotes Despite the Zambian government acknowledging malaria and fever as leading cause of morbidity and mortality among the under five children, the community behaviour and practices on care-giving at household level, have not been well documented.
T21 5318-5418 Epistemic_statement denotes Questions were devoted to knowledge and attitudes about health seeking behaviour at household level.
T22 6046-6259 Epistemic_statement denotes Fear that their children would be exposed to other disease, lack of knowledge about the disease and referral, and lack of medicines in health facilities characterized demotivation for early access of quality care.
T23 6539-6674 Epistemic_statement denotes Depression has been considered one of the main psychosocial predictors of medication non-adherence (DiMatteo, Lepper & Croghan, 2000) .
T24 6675-6756 Epistemic_statement denotes The psychological mechanisms that can explain this relationship remain uncertain.
T25 6757-6929 Epistemic_statement denotes Objective: To evaluate the role of depression as a medication nonadherence factor in hypertensive patients and the possible psychological mechanism involved in this effect.
T26 8115-8393 Epistemic_statement denotes Conclusion: Our results confirm, in a sample of Chilean hypertensive patients, the effect of depression and beliefs about medicine over medication adherence and suggest that concerns about medication should be included in anti-depression psychotherapy for hypertensive patients.
T27 9738-9887 Epistemic_statement denotes Patients expressed concern about food insecurity, stigma, side effects, clinic wait time, distance from clinics and the frequency of visits required.
T28 10701-10912 Epistemic_statement denotes Post-operative adherence rates among heart transplant (HT) patients remain lower than expected when considering the potential consequences, and these rates tend to decrease as more time passes following surgery.
T29 10913-11154 Epistemic_statement denotes In the initial period after transplant older patients have higher rates of mortality and morbidity, but in the long-term some studies have suggested that older patients have better adjustment and quality of life compared to younger patients.
T30 11975-12124 Epistemic_statement denotes Similar variables were significant in a logistic regression analysis predicting which patients would have difficulty or no difficulty with adherence.
T31 12249-12409 Epistemic_statement denotes Background: Despite the increase in the number of people using ART in South Africa, the use of traditional medicine in combination with ART becomes a challenge.
T32 13133-13212 Epistemic_statement denotes When they get sick the first point of entry seem to be the traditional healers.
T33 13617-13773 Epistemic_statement denotes This indicates that traditional medicine is an integral part of the "treatment modality" for patients and is used in combination with conventional medicine.
T34 14039-14199 Epistemic_statement denotes While research on social support among older adults increases, understanding the context in which they perceive and expect social support is relatively limited.
T35 14200-14330 Epistemic_statement denotes This qualitative study aims to illustrate how older adults in Seoul recognize received and desired social support in what context.
T36 14453-14614 Epistemic_statement denotes They were asked to describe the types and sources of received and desired social support; and the meaning of the gap between received and desired social support.
T37 14615-14684 Epistemic_statement denotes Interview transcripts were analyzed using a grounded theory approach.
T38 14939-15156 Epistemic_statement denotes Although the respondents recognize the gap between received and desired emotional and financial support and are stressed by it, they could not identify a strategy to compromise the gap within their life circumstances.
T39 15157-15248 Epistemic_statement denotes Instead, they either justify the gap as part of aging process or deny the need for support.
T40 15495-15595 Epistemic_statement denotes Local senior center is one example that can be fostered as a social support source in the community.
T41 15761-15857 Epistemic_statement denotes Whether individuals with dementia can evaluate their own Quality of Life (QOL) has been debated.
T42 15858-15937 Epistemic_statement denotes The debate evolves on whether patient ratings or proxy ratings be used or both?
T43 16808-17002 Epistemic_statement denotes Overall scores were computed separately for the patient and caregiver reports by summing the 13 items, for a total possible score ranging from 13 to 52, with higher scores indicating higher QOL.
T44 17210-17358 Epistemic_statement denotes In Japan, there is little evidence about the effect of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) for older adults compared to Europe and the United States.
T45 18305-18512 Epistemic_statement denotes The results suggested that the score of SDS was significantly decreased in both CBT group and TAU group at 12th week (CBT; SDS baseline M=54.4, 12th week M=40.6, TAU; SDS baseline M= 58.5, 12th week M=46.7).
T46 18601-18703 Epistemic_statement denotes However, the difference between CBT group and TAU group in the score of depression was nonsignificant.
T47 18940-19109 Epistemic_statement denotes The limitation of this study is that the number of CBT session, which was 6, might have not been enough to get the result which would make the differentiate it from TAU.
T48 19110-19271 Epistemic_statement denotes Since CBT alone was effective for the patients to whom the medication of antidepressant had been stopped, the effectiveness of this treatment has been suggested.
T49 19272-19356 Epistemic_statement denotes Future studies need long-term intervention of CBT in a large number of participants.
T50 19657-19968 Epistemic_statement denotes We have a large variety of findings on the role of hostility and other MMPI based personality traits from college which have been shown to predict survival, CHD risk factors and hypertension and NEO Personality data from the decade of the 40s that are associated with behavioral risk indicators and life events.
T51 21100-21323 Epistemic_statement denotes Projects aimed at understanding older adults are often performed during health examinations; however, it is necessary to investigate current data gathering methods for elderly patients who do not undergo these examinations.
T52 22016-22168 Epistemic_statement denotes Overall, however, their physical functions were significantly affected by aging, and had decreased to a greater degree in old-old than young-old adults.
T53 22169-22338 Epistemic_statement denotes Especially, it was suggested that balance while standing and the walking ability as well as cognitive functions were more significantly affected by aging than by gender.
T54 22339-22582 Epistemic_statement denotes On the other hand, psychological aspects such as their subjective view of their own health and satisfaction with life showed no significant differences by gender or between age groups, suggesting their lower susceptibility to gender and aging.
T55 22583-22863 Epistemic_statement denotes These findings demonstrated that both men and women showed a high risk of falling in the old-old adults, suggesting the importance of training to improve balance and walking ability as well as cognitive training in preventive care and health guidance for people in this age group.
T56 23007-23215 Epistemic_statement denotes We explored the relationship using a stepwise regression analyses and entered first demographics, then depressive symptoms variables and finally perceived beliefs about benefits associated with cigarette use.
T57 23216-23372 Epistemic_statement denotes We also included in the model other determinants that have been previously associated with cigarette use as parental smoking and peer influences as control.
T58 23373-23490 Epistemic_statement denotes Our findings suggest that negative affect (Beta=.116, t(566) = 2.607, p=.009) does predict current cigarette smoking.
T59 23619-23740 Epistemic_statement denotes Perceived benefits on mood of cigarette smoking (Beta=.115, t(556) = 2.543, p=.014) also appear to predict this behavior.
T60 23741-23934 Epistemic_statement denotes Our findings suggest that depressive symptoms influences cigarette use directly and indirectly through the perceived benefits youth perceive have that smoking cigarettes may improve their mood.
T61 24196-24353 Epistemic_statement denotes Although the prevalence of youth smoking in some Western countries has been in steady decline, smoking prevalence in many developing countries is increasing.
T62 26030-26134 Epistemic_statement denotes Factory-made cigarette consumption is an important problem in Thai adolescents and needs to be targeted.
T63 27709-27927 Epistemic_statement denotes The Malaysian government should implement plain packaging which would increase the effectiveness of health warnings, reduce misconceptions about smoking risks and prevent the use of bran variants as a promotional tool.
T64 27928-27999 Epistemic_statement denotes This will help reduce smoking uptake amongst children and young people.
T65 28000-28076 Epistemic_statement denotes Background: The smoking rate among adolescents has been decreasing in Japan.
T66 28561-28726 Epistemic_statement denotes In order to clarify the smoking status of these students, we investigated the perception of smoking and the relationship between smoking and other life-style habits.
T67 28954-29025 Epistemic_statement denotes We made sure that teachers would not check the questionnaire responses.
T68 29026-29127 Epistemic_statement denotes Questions about lifestyle including smoking and drinking, were asked mainly in fourfold choice style.
T69 29128-29241 Epistemic_statement denotes After analyzing the smoking status by school and sex, we examined the relationship between lifestyle and smoking.
T70 29568-29765 Epistemic_statement denotes Current smoking and previous smoking showed significant association with smoking by cohabiters, drinking experience, study time, attending school club activities and shopping at convenience stores.
T71 29766-29978 Epistemic_statement denotes Discussion: The smoking prevalence of subjects was low compared with that in the National Survey, possibly because our subjects were not randomly selected and Kyoto has the lowest smoking prevalence among adults.
T72 29979-30093 Epistemic_statement denotes This is the first report in Japan indicating that smoking habits may be related to shopping at convenience stores.
T73 30226-30291 Epistemic_statement denotes Tobacco sales at convenience stores should be strictly monitored.
T74 30292-30444 Epistemic_statement denotes The aim of this study was to explore the relationship between the age at cigarette smoking onset and the smoking level among adolescent current smokers.
T75 32448-32584 Epistemic_statement denotes Background: Maternal employment has been shown to influence health behaviors of children and adolescents such as overweight and obesity.
T76 32585-32672 Epistemic_statement denotes The evidence related to adolescent smoking is limited as well as results using UK data.
T77 33653-33896 Epistemic_statement denotes Children of mothers who were not employed were more likely to smoke (OR of smoking 1.18, 1.19 and 1.60 for 3 periods of exposure), although these effects were almost entirely explained when adjusted for maternal education and household income.
T78 33897-34132 Epistemic_statement denotes Conclusions: The associations between maternal employment in childhood and young adults' smoking exist at least partly because of the generally higher social position and more stable family structure of households with working mothers.
T79 34133-34265 Epistemic_statement denotes Maternal education and household income seem to be stronger social predictors of adolescent smoking than maternal employment status.
T80 34479-34686 Epistemic_statement denotes Japanese national survey have pointed out that people have not been sufficiently educated enough about the dangers of drinking, although the amount of alcohol consumed by Japanese people has been increasing.
T81 34687-34898 Epistemic_statement denotes Objective: Since 2002, we have been asking detailed questions about the amount and the frequency of drinking by healthy people undergoing routine medical checkups and giving them advice based on their responses.
T82 35369-35479 Epistemic_statement denotes We examined the relationship between the amount of alcohol intake and laboratory data by analysis of variance.
T83 36042-36198 Epistemic_statement denotes Conclusions: One third of the subjects had inappropriate drinking behaviors, although they were sufficiently health-conscious to come for a medical checkup.
T84 36310-36422 Epistemic_statement denotes Many questions remain about the direct and indirect costs to families incurred during the course of cancer care.
T85 36423-36501 Epistemic_statement denotes Despite availability, many patients fail to access co-pay assistance programs.
T86 36963-37109 Epistemic_statement denotes Although the effect of smoking on lung cancer incidence is well known, it is not yet known if continued smoking after diagnosis affects prognosis.
T87 37837-38206 Epistemic_statement denotes Results Continued smoking was associated with an increased risk of all-cause mortality and recurrence in early stage NSCLC ((HR 2.94 95% CI (1.15, 7.54) , HR 1.86 (1.01, 3.41) ) and with an increased risk of all-cause mortality, development of second primary and recurrence in limited stage SCLC ((HR 1.86 (1.33, 2.59) , HR 4.31 (1.09, 16.98) and HR 1.26 (1.06, 1.50) .
T88 38424-38546 Epistemic_statement denotes Conclusions There is evidence that smoking cessation after diagnosis of lung cancer is associated with improved prognosis.
T89 38547-38790 Epistemic_statement denotes Assuming causality, the number of deaths prevented is larger than would be expected due to reduction of cardio-respiratory deaths after smoking cessation and it is likely the majority of the mortality gain is due to reduced cancer progression.
T90 39408-39517 Epistemic_statement denotes Among patients, increased intrusion correlated with having no one to help with insurance questions (p<.0001).
T91 39518-39660 Epistemic_statement denotes Increased avoidance was associated with delay in seeking psychological counseling (p<.0001) and less awareness of co-pay assistance (p<.0001).
T92 39743-39857 Epistemic_statement denotes Discussion: These data suggest that managing cancer costs is associated with clinically significant stress levels.
T93 39858-40002 Epistemic_statement denotes Those with greatest need may not seek help, underscoring the need for programs that help families manage the stress related to the cost of care.
T94 40377-40528 Epistemic_statement denotes There is growing recognition that medical education must address this decline in empathy and properly prepare physicians to work with diverse patients.
T95 40529-40612 Epistemic_statement denotes However traditional educational techniques in India are unlikely to meet this need.
T96 40613-40671 Epistemic_statement denotes Experiential learning may be used to address this problem.
T97 41632-41835 Epistemic_statement denotes Overall, majority of the students felt that the intervention influenced their level of empathy (78%), should be a standard part of medical school curriculums (67%), and would impact all physicians (80%).
T98 42419-42620 Epistemic_statement denotes Findings suggest that experiential learning methods are well received, feasible, and effective in increasing empathy in medical students and should become a standard part of medical school curriculums.
T99 42621-42842 Epistemic_statement denotes The aim of this retrospective study was to assess the comparative frequency, gender, age, sub-site distribution and histologic differentiation of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) in Sistan & Baluchestan province, Iran.
T100 42843-43083 Epistemic_statement denotes The medical records of 3070 patients with a histopathologic diagnosis of malignant neoplasm were reviewed during the 11-years period from 1995 to 2006.Available data suggested a steady increase in prevalence of OSCC during the last decades.
T101 43269-43400 Epistemic_statement denotes Hormonal treatment (HT) for advanced prostate cancer (APC) often results in side effects that can compromise quality of life (QOL).
T102 43401-43510 Epistemic_statement denotes Limited work has evaluated the efficacy of psychosocial interventions among men undergoing treatment for APC.
T103 43962-44125 Epistemic_statement denotes The HP condition involved delivery of health promotion information (e.g., benefits of proper diet, physical activity) with no therapeutic or interactive component.
T104 44868-45152 Epistemic_statement denotes Participation in the CBSM intervention condition, relative to the HP control condition, was associated with improvements in disease-specific (i.e., urinary and bowel function) and general QOL, adaptive coping strategies, stress management skills and cortisol regulation (all p's<.05).
T105 45153-45320 Epistemic_statement denotes Several mediation models were tested where coping and other stress management strategies were hypothesized to mediate the relationship between group condition and QOL.
T106 45542-45735 Epistemic_statement denotes These results suggest that participation in a telephone based CBSM intervention may be effective in improving general and disease-specific QOL, stress management skills and cortisol regulation.
T107 46486-46577 Epistemic_statement denotes Results also revealed some differences across cancer sites and treatment regimens received.
T108 46578-46719 Epistemic_statement denotes Further longitudinal studies are needed in order to identify additional factors associated with changes in cancer-related symptoms over time.
T109 46720-47043 Epistemic_statement denotes CORRESPONDING AUTHOR: Claudia Trudel-Fitzgerald, BA, Groupe de recherche en psycho-oncologie, Centre de recherche de l'Hôtel-Dieu de Québec, Quebec, QC, G1R 2 J6; claudia.trudel-fitzgerald.1@ulaval.ca Physical activity (PA) and good dietary habits can moderate obesity while enhancing immune status, decreasing cancer risk.
T110 47673-47881 Epistemic_statement denotes The available studies, however, have not investigated the association between depressive symptoms and use of specific types of CAM in breast cancer patients and often fail to adjust for potential confounders.
T111 47882-48040 Epistemic_statement denotes Objectives: To explore the associations between use of 10 different types of CAM and depressive symptoms among breast cancer patients 3-4 months post-surgery.
T112 49274-49370 Epistemic_statement denotes Conclusion: Use of some types of CAM may be seen as an attempt to cope with depressive symptoms.
T113 49371-49446 Epistemic_statement denotes Alternatively, these types of CAM may exhibit a negative influence on mood.
T114 49795-49897 Epistemic_statement denotes Time since diagnosis, stage of disease, and disease status were not associated with physical activity.
T115 50115-50321 Epistemic_statement denotes However, the majority of insufficiently active participants showed awareness of the need to increase their activity, and may be receptive to interventions for promoting physical activity in this population.
T116 50322-50456 Epistemic_statement denotes There is growing recognition that symptom communication is important in understanding how patients adjust to cancer and its treatment.
T117 51006-51119 Epistemic_statement denotes These analyses controlled for demographic and medical variables that were significantly correlated with outcomes.
T118 51120-51343 Epistemic_statement denotes Results indicated that holding back about discussing cancer related concerns, but not self-efficacy for symptom communication, was a significant predictor of menopausal symptoms, fatigue, intimacy, and functional wellbeing.
T119 51850-52095 Epistemic_statement denotes Taken together these findings suggest that holding back from disclosing cancerrelated concerns is a significant and consistent predictor of symptoms and adjustment to breast cancer in women taking adjuvant hormonal therapy to prevent recurrence.
T120 52096-52305 Epistemic_statement denotes These findings raise the possibility that interventions designed to address symptom communication might be helpful to those patients who are prone to holding back from discussing their cancer-related concerns.
T121 52306-52421 Epistemic_statement denotes To date, very little is known about the psychosocial predictors of depression among women with breast cancer (BCA).
T122 52526-52766 Epistemic_statement denotes Although premenstrual and postmenstrual women diagnosed with BCA share a substantially elevated risk of developing a major depression; the coping resources, life challenges, and cancer impact may differ markedly for younger and older women.
T123 53678-53842 Epistemic_statement denotes Despite this differential level of life threat, current findings indicate that the emotional impact of BCA is generally equivalent across the maturational spectrum.
T124 54044-54317 Epistemic_statement denotes Beck Depression Inventory-2 scores indicated that the sample, on average, experienced mild to moderate levels of depressive symptoms with younger women tending to be more symptomatic than the older women, although the difference did not reach significance (t= 1.68, p=.09).
T125 54700-54826 Epistemic_statement denotes The identification of age-related risk factors for depression may inform early detection, intervention and prevention efforts.
T126 55613-55687 Epistemic_statement denotes Most patients thought that good things have come out of having had cancer.
T127 57025-57246 Epistemic_statement denotes However, parents of children with asthma, compared to those without, reported they had significantly more symptoms of asthma in the last 14 days (p=.02) and missed more school in the last two months due to asthma (p=.02).
T128 57682-57769 Epistemic_statement denotes Of those prescribed nebulizer treatments, 51% reported not adhering to recommendations.
T129 57770-57905 Epistemic_statement denotes Sixty-seven percent of those who were prescribed medication reported not adhering because of concerns regarding potential side effects.
T130 57906-58007 Epistemic_statement denotes These results indicate that in 2001 children in San Juan were not being optimally treated for asthma.
T131 58264-58412 Epistemic_statement denotes Only a few studies looked into social support as a contributor and suggest that patients' perceptions of support are indicative for their wellbeing.
T132 59783-59941 Epistemic_statement denotes Patient and partner perspectives on partner support, as well as disagreement between the couple, all seem to play an independent role in distress of patients.
T133 60094-60157 Epistemic_statement denotes This hypothesis has not been tested in an immigrant population.
T134 61131-61323 Epistemic_statement denotes Result: Hierarchical multiple regression analysis revealed that the interaction perceived social support and emotion-focused coping is associated with low baseline SBP, β=-.18, t=-2.19, p<.03.
T135 61324-61456 Epistemic_statement denotes However, perceived social support and emotion-focused coping is associated with higher SBP during provocation, β=.23, t=2.70, p<.01.
T136 61641-61889 Epistemic_statement denotes However, under conditions of stress where the demand for coping resources is high (e.g., during stress provocation), perceived social support and the use of emotion-focused coping does not help and may actually suggest an increase in CVR to stress.
T137 61890-62036 Epistemic_statement denotes This may be related to the Chinese value of collectivism, which may manifest itself through an unwillingness to burden others with personal needs.
T138 62037-62209 Epistemic_statement denotes Prospective studies demonstrate relations of subclinical depressive symptoms with enhanced risk for cardiovascular disease, yet little is known about underlying mechanisms.
T139 62210-62317 Epistemic_statement denotes Depressive symptoms are also associated with unhealthy lifestyle behaviors and cardiovascular risk factors.
T140 62318-62507 Epistemic_statement denotes We examined whether lifestyle factors mediated relations of depressive symptoms to cardiovascular risk factors in 205 healthy, community-dwelling older adults (55% male; mean age=66 years).
T141 63087-63199 Epistemic_statement denotes Potential mediators assessed were number of alcoholic drinks consumed per week, smoking status, Vo2max, and BMI.
T142 63200-63466 Epistemic_statement denotes Multiple regression analyses adjusted for age, education, sex, race, and use of antihypertensives revealed a significant positive association between depression and triglyceride levels (b=24.2, p=.009), waist circumference (b=9.56, p<.001), and BMI (b=3.03, p=.001).
T143 63467-63599 Epistemic_statement denotes Subsequent regression models testing for possible mediation indicated that the relation of BDI to triglycerides was mediated by BMI.
T144 63600-63820 Epistemic_statement denotes Thus, in healthy older adults, depressive symptoms are associated with increased body mass, waist circumference, and triglyceride levels, and body mass mediates the relation of depressive symptoms to triglyceride levels.
T145 63821-63934 Epistemic_statement denotes Obesity may be an important mechanism by which depressive symptoms influence cardiovascular risk in older adults.
T146 63935-64184 Epistemic_statement denotes Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) and Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis (IPF) display high levels of psychological distress which may be associated with increased mortality, lower functional status, and poor self-care behaviors.
T147 64185-64438 Epistemic_statement denotes The purpose of this study was to characterize the psychosocial, cognitive, physical, and demographic profiles of patients with COPD and IPF with the goal of better understanding similarities and differences among patients with these pulmonary disorders.
T148 65413-65609 Epistemic_statement denotes However, no differences were observed between COPD patients and IPF patients on the Physical Component Score of the SF-36 or in symptoms of breathlessness, sleep quality, or cognitive performance.
T149 65963-66158 Epistemic_statement denotes In addition, further evaluation of disease-related processes and biological differences between COPD and IPF patients is needed to understand mechanisms that may explain the observed differences.
T150 66159-66393 Epistemic_statement denotes Objective: This study investigated a reactivity hypothesis and a vagal brake hypothesis of cardiovascular reactivity and recovery in the expressive and suppressive hostility behavior patterns of coronary artery disease (CAD) patients.
T151 66928-67167 Epistemic_statement denotes Results: After controlling the baseline level to examine reactivity, the results indicated that significant difference between four groups in SBP, DBP and HR; as well an interaction existed among groups and SBP under the anger recall task.
T152 67492-67773 Epistemic_statement denotes Conclusion: This study verified the reactivity hypothesis in the expressive hostility group who had peak SBP and DBP reactivity in the beginning of the anger recall task; however, the suppressive hostility group demonstrated peak SBP reactivity at the end of the anger recall task.
T153 67774-67843 Epistemic_statement denotes This study also extended Proges's vagal brake hypothesis in recovery.
T154 67972-68092 Epistemic_statement denotes These reactivity and recovery may predict different psychopathological mechanisms or prognosis pathways in CAD patients.
T155 68093-68193 Epistemic_statement denotes Heart rate variability(HRV) has been related to cardiac mortality and morbidity in cardiac patients.
T156 68194-68317 Epistemic_statement denotes This research is to study whether a 8-week course of interventional program could mediate ANS function in cardiac patients.
T157 69149-69367 Epistemic_statement denotes Despite calls by international committees for improving cardiologists' recognition and treatment of psychosocial problems for patients with ICDs, little is known about cardiologists' beliefs for these problems in Asia.
T158 70048-70256 Epistemic_statement denotes Results: Most cardiologists (91-96%) identified "health care issues," "lifestyle issues," and "emotional well-being issues" as concerning factors that could affect the psychosocial problems of ICD recipients.
T159 70418-70594 Epistemic_statement denotes Conclusion: Our results indicate that most cardiologists do not provide mental health care for psychosocial problems of ICD recipients, though they are aware of these problems.
T160 70697-70754 Epistemic_statement denotes Explain behaviors associated with abnormal weight status.
T161 72269-72407 Epistemic_statement denotes Periodical monitoring and nutritional service should concern preventing and intervening early in order to reduce abnormal weight problems.
T162 72408-72570 Epistemic_statement denotes Research is needed to understand a more comprehensive picture of factors associated with both underweight and overweight/obesity among low-income Korean children.
T163 72691-72846 Epistemic_statement denotes This lack of service use has significant implications considering that mental health (MH) problems during childhood can lead to difficulties later in life.
T164 72847-73035 Epistemic_statement denotes Despite increased efforts to tailor MH services to the needs of each consumer, ethnocultural disparities in access to and use of these services continue to abound (Yamada & Brekke, 2008) .
T165 73036-73163 Epistemic_statement denotes Findings suggest that ethnic minority populations have a higher unmet need than Non-Hispanic Whites (e.g., Diala et al, 2002) .
T166 73164-73237 Epistemic_statement denotes However, efforts to explain disparities in MH services have been limited.
T167 73449-73652 Epistemic_statement denotes Obasi & Leong (2009) hypothesize that it is also important to note that group difference exists, and it is imperative that future research investigate cultural variables (acculturation, traditions, etc.)
T168 73655-73976 Epistemic_statement denotes Previous research has found some ethnic minority groups use coping sources (i.e., friends, family) and practices (i.e., family, social, and religious) that are more consistent with their cultural beliefs instead of those more consistent with traditional MH services (e.g., Harrison et al., 2004; McMiller & Weisz, 1996) .
T169 74334-74596 Epistemic_statement denotes Participants completed the following measures a demographic questionnaire, the Parental Attitudes Toward Psychological Services Inventory (PATPSI; Turner, 2006) , and selfreported their cultural identity, religiosity, and likelihood of mental health service use.
T170 74597-74783 Epistemic_statement denotes Results indicated that both attitudes and PBC were positively related to utilization, and participants' ratings of cultural identity and religiosity were not correlated with utilization.
T171 74938-75036 Epistemic_statement denotes European Americans reported feeling more control over their ability to seek services if warranted.
T172 75157-75237 Epistemic_statement denotes Implications for future research and applications to families will be discussed.
T173 75238-75348 Epistemic_statement denotes Background: Adult obesity is associated with poorer cognitive function and physical coordination in childhood.
T174 75349-75589 Epistemic_statement denotes Hypothesis: Hearing impairment in childhood as a marker of childhood function is associated with adult obesity, and is a better marker for neurological function as it is less subject to social confounding and unlikely to influence exercise.
T175 76161-76428 Epistemic_statement denotes Results: Among females, the adjusted odds ratios (95% CI) for associations observed with hearing impairment at age 10 years were 2.33 (1.36-3.98 ) for overweight/obesity; and at age 34 years they were 1.71 (1.00-2.92) for overweight and 2.73 (1.58-4.71 ) for obesity.
T176 76429-76522 Epistemic_statement denotes Childhood BMI did not explain the association of childhood hearing impairment with adult BMI.
T177 76523-76604 Epistemic_statement denotes There were no consistent associations among males for hearing impairment and BMI.
T178 76605-76919 Epistemic_statement denotes Conclusion: The association between bilateral hearing impairment in childhood and subsequent adult-onset obesity might be due to early exposures such as psychosocial stress with chronic activation of glucocorticoid receptors, which may damage hearing through detrimental effects on the central nervous system (i.e.
T179 77124-77254 Epistemic_statement denotes For example, negative or critical parenting has been associated with poorer adherence to T1D regimens and worse metabolic control.
T180 77255-77377 Epistemic_statement denotes However, there is little research that has examined the psychosocial impact of non-supportive parenting on youth with T1D.
T181 77378-77547 Epistemic_statement denotes Therefore, the current study examined the relationship of non-supportive parent behaviors and child self-efficacy, hypothesizing child depressive symptoms as a mediator.
T182 78120-78238 Epistemic_statement denotes More nonsupportive parental behavior was associated with higher levels of depressive symptoms (F(1,77)=8.058, p< .01).
T183 78239-78324 Epistemic_statement denotes Higher CDI scores were associated with lower self-efficacy (F(1,83)=15.316, p<.0001).
T184 78325-78607 Epistemic_statement denotes With all variables entered into the regression equation (F(2,69)=7.201, p=.001), the association between non-supportive parental behavior and child self efficacy was no longer significant and was fully mediated by child depressive symptoms, as tested by Sobel's equation (z= -2.06).
T185 78608-78784 Epistemic_statement denotes In sum, non-supportive parental behaviors appear to be related to increased child depressive symptoms, which in turn are related to lower self-efficacy for diabetes management.
T186 79079-79358 Epistemic_statement denotes Background: A negative social gradient in overweight among adolescents has been shown in developed countries but few studies have examined whether weight gain and the development of overweight differs among adolescents from different socioeconomic groups in a longitudinal study.
T187 79359-79544 Epistemic_statement denotes Objective: To identify the possible association between parental socioeconomic position, weight change and the risk of developing overweight among adolescents between the ages 15 to 21.
T188 80711-80849 Epistemic_statement denotes The risk of developing overweight or obesity during the follow-up period was not associated with parental socioeconomic position for boys.
T189 80949-81112 Epistemic_statement denotes Results from this study suggest that the social gradient in overweight becomes steeper for girls and emerge for boys in late adolescence (age span 15 to 21 years).
T190 81113-81250 Epistemic_statement denotes Late adolescence seems to be an important window of opportunity in reducing the social inequality in overweight among Danish adolescents.
T191 81682-81949 Epistemic_statement denotes We demonstrated that a) the HFSQ can predict sleep disorders b) gender interacts with family factors to predict the quality, duration and timing of sleep (still analyzing) and c) cultural impacts on the relationship between sleep and family factors (still analyzing).
T192 82512-82733 Epistemic_statement denotes The HSFQ was significantly correlated with the PSQI total score (r = .376, p = .05) and the PSQI sleep disturbance index (r = .444, p = .001), while the ESS and EBSS scores were not significantly correlated with the HFSQ.
T193 82793-82931 Epistemic_statement denotes Conclusion: These results suggest that the family sleep environment can significantly predict excessive daytime sleepiness in adolescents.
T194 82932-83091 Epistemic_statement denotes Additionally, the HFSQ gains construct validity by its significant relationship to the PSQI total score (i.e., poor sleepers) and PSQI sleep disturbance index.
T195 83540-83725 Epistemic_statement denotes The level of parental conflict was assessed by a fivepoint scale, in which children estimated the current relationship between his/her parents as very good, good, fair, poor, very poor.
T196 83726-84152 Epistemic_statement denotes Quality of life was evaluated using the Child Health and Illness Profile-Child Edition that examines the children perceived health in five dimensions: satisfaction (with self and health), comfort (emotional and physical symptoms and limitations), resilience (positive activities that promote health), risk avoidance (risky behaviors that influence future health) and achievement (social expectations in school and with peers).
T197 84153-84567 Epistemic_statement denotes Results show a positive and significant relation in all dimensions, indicating that the more conflictive is the relationship between parents, the worse the quality of life (satisfaction: F=26.52, p=.00; comfort: F=8.44, Parents of children with chronic illness typically report higher stress relative to those of healthy children; however, general parenting stress measures may not capture their unique challenges.
T198 84689-84848 Epistemic_statement denotes However, the extant psychometric data for the PIP is limited and has not been adequately examined within a large sample of parents of children and adolescents.
T199 85836-86049 Epistemic_statement denotes The overall validity of the PIP was promising, as Frequency and Difficulty scores were significantly correlated with parental anxiety (r=.34-.53, p<.01) and depression (r=.29-.45, p<.01) scores across all domains.
T200 86050-86175 Epistemic_statement denotes Greater parental responsibility for diabetes care was positively correlated with lower medical care stress (r= -.19, p<.05) .
T201 86176-86483 Epistemic_statement denotes These data support the PIP as a valid and reliable measurement of pediatric parenting stress for primary caregivers of children and adolescents with T1D, indicating its utility in quantifying parenting stress in clinical and research endeavors with families of children with T1D and other chronic illnesses.
T202 86584-86789 Epistemic_statement denotes Post hoc comparisons showed that significant differences were found between children who perceived the relationship between parents very good and those that considered it as good, fair, poor and very poor.
T203 86790-86862 Epistemic_statement denotes However, there were no significant differences between the other groups.
T204 87180-87368 Epistemic_statement denotes Objective: To investigate the relationship between somatization symptoms and psychosocial problems in children and adolescents receiving treatment in a pediatric Emergency Department (ED).
T205 87937-88144 Epistemic_statement denotes Results: Pain/weakness symptoms were significantly correlated with attention (r=.292, p<.01), externalizing (r=.242, p<.001), internalizing (r=.383, p<.001), and total psychosocial problems (r=.452, p<.001).
T206 88145-88363 Epistemic_statement denotes Gastrointestinal symptoms also had a significant positive correlation with attention (r=.304, p<.001), externalizing (r=.242, p<.001), internalizing (r =.383, p<.001), and total psychosocial problems (r =.452, p<.001).
T207 88584-88668 Epistemic_statement denotes Conclusion: All measures of somatization were associated with psychosocial problems.
T208 89233-89378 Epistemic_statement denotes One theory regarding EE, particularly the criticism facet, is that it stems from attributions of internal control to the afflicted family member.
T209 89379-89708 Epistemic_statement denotes Significant correlations between EE and misattributions have been found in a number of disorders including schizophrenia, anxiety disorders and learning disabilities suggesting that correcting misattributions may in turn modify levels of EE, a positive predictor of relapse rates and a negative predictor of treatment compliance.
T210 90380-90546 Epistemic_statement denotes Discussion: Contrary to our hypothesis, increased attributions of obesity to a locus of control internal to the child were associated with reduced parental criticism.
T211 90547-90790 Epistemic_statement denotes Though contradictory to literature on attributions and EE in other disorders and conditions, our findings are consistent with data on parental obesity indicating that overweight parents tend to be less alarmed regarding their overweight child.
T212 90791-90871 Epistemic_statement denotes Notably, the majority (92.6%) of parents in our sample were overweight or obese.
T213 91002-91130 Epistemic_statement denotes There have also been several reports of lower visual-motor drawing ability among children with complex congenital heart disease.
T214 91252-91485 Epistemic_statement denotes Very few studies have specifically examined neurodevelopmental outcome for children with ventricular septal defects (VSDs), which are among the most common congenital heart problems with a rate of approximately one out of 500 births.
T215 91486-91582 Epistemic_statement denotes This population is generally expected to have excellent medical outcome and typical development.
T216 92199-92281 Epistemic_statement denotes Specifically, lower income was associated with lower visual-motor scores (p=.007).
T217 92282-92388 Epistemic_statement denotes The presence of a comorbid medical condition was also associated with lower visual-motor ability (p=.019).
T218 92531-92717 Epistemic_statement denotes This study shows that the weaknesses in visual-motor ability observed among children with more complex, cyanotic congenital heart disease are also found among children with repaired VSD.
T219 92718-92816 Epistemic_statement denotes Furthermore, surgical factors do not appear to affect visualmotor ability among children with VSD.
T220 93291-93388 Epistemic_statement denotes Correlational analyses tested the associations of body image, stress and coping with sex and BMI.
T221 93769-93870 Epistemic_statement denotes The correlation between body dissatisfaction and body distortion was negative and moderate (r=− .65).
T222 97681-97808 Epistemic_statement denotes The purpose of the present study was to investigate the relationship between career indecision and the factors of ego identity.
T223 98385-98493 Epistemic_statement denotes The confusion type of career indecision was closer relationship with the individual identity(β,−.352 p<.01).
T224 98583-98849 Epistemic_statement denotes The scales of occupational identity showed high relationship with total scores of the career indecision(β, −.402 p<.01) in male students, although the relationship between the occupational identity and the career indecision in female students was low(β,−.214 p<.01).
T225 100770-100977 Epistemic_statement denotes It has been demonstrated that through this technique the subject expresses their self-image in two different projection levels-"social attitude" in the first picture, and "internal self-image" in the second.
T226 100978-101054 Epistemic_statement denotes However, little recent studies have addressed the validity of the technique.
T227 101055-101200 Epistemic_statement denotes Therefore, the present study aims to examine the relationship between the twice-application method of the treedrawing technique and ego identity.
T228 101356-101541 Epistemic_statement denotes In the present study, we scored the forms of the tree trunk drawing because the relationship between the indices in that element of the drawing and ego status has already been examined.
T229 102570-102920 Epistemic_statement denotes While many studies have documented the associations between peer influences and smoking behaviors in the U.S. (Hoffman et al, 2006 ) and among Chinese adolescents (Weiss et al., 2008) fewer studies have shown how these influences occur in relation to one's popularity and social status as measured by an individual's position in their social network.
T230 103861-104077 Epistemic_statement denotes Results indicated that social Internet activity (gaming, chatting) was a risk factor for smoking (p=.01), while non-social Internet activity (news, forums, homework) had a protective effect (p<.01) among adolescents.
T231 104078-104247 Epistemic_statement denotes High social status was positively associated with smoking (p<.01) and was found to significantly moderate the association between mobile phone usage and smoking (p=.04).
T232 104248-104468 Epistemic_statement denotes Findings suggest that media usage may have differential effects on risky adolescent behaviors, which may have implications for designing tailored Web or mobile phone-based applications for health promotion interventions.
T233 104805-104887 Epistemic_statement denotes This research therefore examined whether there are race/ethnic disparities in QOL.
T234 105329-105452 Epistemic_statement denotes Complex sampling analysis revealed non-White children reporting significantly lower QOL in all domains than White children.
T235 105453-105664 Epistemic_statement denotes However, after controlling for SES differences (parent's education, income), these race/ethnic disparities remained only in the domains of school, self-worth, satisfaction with appearance, and social well-being.
T236 105825-106005 Epistemic_statement denotes Findings suggest that disparities across race/ethnicity in children are, mainly, products of sociodemographic differences, rather than being endemic to minority race/ethnic groups.
T237 106006-106228 Epistemic_statement denotes As one of the first studies examining racial/ethnic disparities in QOL of children in the general population, this study provides a basis for further exploration of contextual influences on the QOL experienced by children.
T238 106360-106665 Epistemic_statement denotes However, since many of the students today have mental or physical health problems, in this study we conducted a questionnaire survey by mail of 1984 students enrolled in correspondence high schools in two regions of Japan in order to determine the health status of the students and factors that affect it.
T239 106936-107172 Epistemic_statement denotes The chi-square test was used to statistically analyze associations between psychosomatic complaints and both personal attributes and lifestyle habits according to gender, and the t-test was used for age and the self-esteem scale scores.
T240 107980-108165 Epistemic_statement denotes Thus, we would like to make a program which allows correspondence high school students themselves to reconsider their diets by increasing their self-esteem for the future investigation.
T241 108261-108468 Epistemic_statement denotes In addition to health complications (e.g., type 2 diabetes), adolescents who are obese are at risk for developing negative body image which is related to depression and is a risk factor for eating pathology.
T242 108469-108645 Epistemic_statement denotes Having a supportive peer group is an essential part of healthy adolescent development, and for overweight adolescents, could be a protective factor against negative body image.
T243 108646-108761 Epistemic_statement denotes PURPOSE: To examine whether the association between adolescent weight status and body image varies by peer support.
T244 109648-109761 Epistemic_statement denotes However, peer support moderated the relationship between weight status and body image for girls but not for boys.
T245 109762-109941 Epistemic_statement denotes Overweight girls with higher peer support were more likely to have a positive body image (β=−0.69, p<0.000) compared to overweight girls with lower peer support (β=−.99, p<0.000).
T246 110059-110185 Epistemic_statement denotes CONCLUSION: Encouraging adolescent girls to develop strong healthy relationships with peers may prevent a negative body image.
T247 110186-110341 Epistemic_statement denotes More research is needed to examine whether these findings vary by individual (e.g., race) or familial (e.g., presence of parental support) characteristics.
T248 110675-110857 Epistemic_statement denotes This paper aims to assess knowledge of child-caregivers and actual antibiotic use for children under five, and to identify associated factors with antibiotic treatment for mild ARIs.
T249 111302-111395 Epistemic_statement denotes For febrile colds and pneumonia, 45% and 47% of cases respectively would require antibiotics.
T250 111905-111996 Epistemic_statement denotes Most of the unnecessary antibiotic treatment was recommended by healthcare providers (82%).
T251 111997-112138 Epistemic_statement denotes Most of the children had been administered antibiotics for common colds although most caregivers believed that antibiotics were not required.
T252 112139-112215 Epistemic_statement denotes Antibiotics were unnecessarily recommended at health facilities in the area.
T253 112390-112497 Epistemic_statement denotes Physical activity habits that are established during adolescence are likely to be sustained into adulthood.
T254 112498-112663 Epistemic_statement denotes However, the prevalence of PA among adolescents is low, and even lower among overweight/obese (OT) adolescents, who are most in need of the benefits conferred by PA.
T255 112664-112965 Epistemic_statement denotes Body image may mediate this relationship; overweight/obese adolescents are more likely to suffer from poor body image, which could be linked to less engagement in PA. PURPOSE: To examine the hypothesis that poor body image mediates the relationship between overweight/obesity and PA among adolescents.
T256 113540-113731 Epistemic_statement denotes Mediation analysis, stratified on gender and controlling for age, race/ethnicity and SES, was performed to determine whether body image mediated the relationship between weight status and PA.
T257 113732-113903 Epistemic_statement denotes RESULTS: Overweight was negatively associated with physical activity only among boys whereas obesity was negatively associated with physical activity among boys and girls.
T258 113904-114078 Epistemic_statement denotes Body image was a complete mediator of the association between weight status and PA among girls, and a partial mediator of the association of weight status with PA among boys.
T259 114079-114240 Epistemic_statement denotes CONCLUSIONS: Mediation analyses demonstrate that body image is a significant mediator of the relationship between overweight/obesity and PA among boys and girls.
T260 114241-114357 Epistemic_statement denotes Encouraging overweight and obese adolescents to develop positive body images may result in greater engagement in PA.
T261 114558-114639 Epistemic_statement denotes How do these variations in health status affect quality of life (QL) in children?
T262 114708-114922 Epistemic_statement denotes There has been no study examining the relationship between compromised health and QL in children in the general population who do not have a CHC, nor do we know how such variation interacts with race/ethnic status.
T263 114923-115143 Epistemic_statement denotes Our hypotheses are that (1) variation in health status is positively associated with QL regardless of the presence of CHC and (2) Whites report higher QL than African Americans and Hispanics, regardless of health status.
T264 115480-115619 Epistemic_statement denotes Parents rated their 5th graders' overall health status on the commonly used single item "In general, would you say your child's health is .
T265 116027-116235 Epistemic_statement denotes This demonstrates for the first time that even minor decrements in health status are associated with concomitant reduction in QL, not only in the physical domain, but also in the emotional and social domains.
T266 116236-116469 Epistemic_statement denotes Several researchers have found that teenage pregnancy is associated with worst educational outcomes among adolescents and that girls who have a child early in life, are less likely to graduate from high school (Molina et al., 2004) .
T267 116470-116585 Epistemic_statement denotes Other researchers have proposed that educational expectations do actually predict educational outcomes among youth.
T268 116586-116722 Epistemic_statement denotes They have found that having higher educational expectations is associated with higher educational outcomes later in life (Mello, 2008) .
T269 116723-116858 Epistemic_statement denotes However, researchers have not examined how educational expectations may be associated with adolescents' self-reported sexual behaviors.
T270 116859-117131 Epistemic_statement denotes Some researchers suggest that there might be a self-selection process in which adolescents who do worst in school and do not have plans to continue further in their education may also engage in unprotected sexual behavior, putting them at higher risk of becoming pregnant.
T271 117132-117297 Epistemic_statement denotes In the present study we examined the relationship between educational expectations and goals and different sexual behavior outcomes in a sample of 829 Mexican youth.
T272 117657-117972 Epistemic_statement denotes Using a regression analyses we examined whether having plans to complete high school and continue their education predicted ever had sex, age in which girls and boys should have sex for the first time, plans to use condoms when having sex, and perceive that condoms may be effective to protect them of STDs and HIV.
T273 117973-118159 Epistemic_statement denotes Our findings suggest that plans to finish high school predicts only perceptions that condoms may be effective to protect against HIV (t=2,06, p< 0.05), and not any of the other outcomes.
T274 118301-118564 Epistemic_statement denotes We explored how these variables may predict their sexual behavior at the 12 months follow-up, when 16% of participants reported ever having sex, and we found that having plans to attend college predicted not having sex among adolescents (Exp (B) = 0.358, p<0.01).
T275 118641-118862 Epistemic_statement denotes Purposes: Although many reports have suggested a role for the social skill in the treatment of depression, there has been little evidence that the social skill training is effective therapeutic strategies for treating it.
T276 118863-118963 Epistemic_statement denotes The activation level are thought to be an important mediator of the social skill and the depression.
T277 118977-119154 Epistemic_statement denotes (2010) found that the difficulty in the control of social anxiety lead to the inhibition of social activity and the increase of depressive mood in Japanese high school students.
T278 119155-119351 Epistemic_statement denotes We hypothesized that the mechanism for exacerbation of depression may be explained by the behavioral activation and social skill, and these relationships differed with the level of social anxiety.
T279 119979-120171 Epistemic_statement denotes Main Results: "Activation (reverse coded)" in BADS was significantly associated with "positive interpersonal entry" in ASS(higher score group: r=−.37, p<.01; lower score group: r=−.26, .n.s.).
T280 120172-120307 Epistemic_statement denotes Conclusion: These results suggest that the control of social anxiety is an important procedure for behavioral activation on depression.
T281 120308-120439 Epistemic_statement denotes Many people think that the children are not stress, in fact they can stress as the adult but their parent cannot notice or skip it.
T282 120440-120681 Epistemic_statement denotes The objective is to study the association between state anxiety with emotional quotient and strength and difficulty of the secondary school student who also study in Sunday Buddhism and do not study by controlling some potential confounding.
T283 121314-121555 Epistemic_statement denotes The model by stepwise selection presents that trait anxiety, pro-social, selfcontrol, ability to deal with problem, self-esteem, life-satisfaction and interaction between age and emotional problem, the adjusted R2 is 60.55% (p-value<0.0001).
T284 122303-122488 Epistemic_statement denotes The student with high score of self-control, self-esteem and lifesatisfaction have higher level of state anxiety which may cause from they are try to be the best which make them stress.
T285 122489-122641 Epistemic_statement denotes The ability to deal with the problem can reduce state anxiety, the higher age (more maturity) reduce emotional problem and finally reduce state anxiety.
T286 122642-122714 Epistemic_statement denotes The student who is good in some dimension of EQ may cause state anxiety.
T287 122715-123134 Epistemic_statement denotes The mobilization of significant resources for global health coincides with the emergence of Global Health Initiatives (GHIs) and the rising importance of multilateral and private actors in global health; traditional actors in global health, such as the World Health Organization (WHO), have been joined by a variety of civil society and non-governmental organizations (NGOs), private firms, and private philanthropists.
T288 123135-123432 Epistemic_statement denotes These new actors, which exist alongside traditional arrangements between sovereign states and UN bodies, signal a sea change in the institutional arrangements in global health as well as a change in the norms, expectations and rules relating to the relationships between these new philanthropists.
T289 123433-123592 Epistemic_statement denotes It has become clear, however, that the new institutions in global health have often failed to adequately evaluate their investments and program implementation.
T290 123593-123793 Epistemic_statement denotes With such enormous investments, it is critical to better understand these new institutions, evaluate their strategies to promote global health and document the successes and failures of these efforts.
T291 123794-124254 Epistemic_statement denotes We propose that rigorous qualitative research methodologies can explore and describe how global health actors and their associated mechanisms interact with complex health systems to yield optimal Results: Qualitative methods, particularly case research, can overcome the three main weaknesses of quantitatively-oriented public health research models: underestimating complexity, failing to incorporate context and an inability to engage in the "why" questions.
T292 124255-124429 Epistemic_statement denotes Qualitative methods can better evaluate if the activities funded by new global health actors are best aligned to meet the objective of delivering high value care to patients.
T293 124430-124678 Epistemic_statement denotes Global health institutions can use this insight to bridge the knowledge-action gap in global health care delivery by translating the current understanding of medical interventions and health systems into evidence-based strategies for care delivery.
T294 124679-124958 Epistemic_statement denotes CORRESPONDING AUTHOR: Erin Sullivan, PhD, Global Health Delivery Project, Harvard University, Boston, MA, Ma; esulliva@hsph.harvard.edu tend to make more errors than others even within the exact same work environment, measures that consider individual characteristics are needed.
T295 124959-125066 Epistemic_statement denotes This study aimed to elucidate the relationship between medical errors and the personality traits of nurses.
T296 125397-125593 Epistemic_statement denotes For this study, simulation software was developed that enabled nurses to experience all the human errors that could possibly occur in various settings under the broad category of "administration."
T297 126162-126275 Epistemic_statement denotes Clarifying the relationship between the personality traits of nurses and human errors may be useful for training.
T298 126276-126462 Epistemic_statement denotes Also, this approach may help to prevent human errors by enabling the nurses themselves to become conscious of their actions and objectively aware of their own individual characteristics.
T299 126463-126718 Epistemic_statement denotes CORRESPONDING AUTHOR: Mayo Suzuki, PhD, Bunri University of Hospitality, Sayama-shi, 350-1336; mayo-suzuki@ bunri-c.ac.jp Purpose: The purpose of this study is to clarify the relationships between human errors and the job performance capability of nurses.
T300 129896-130003 Epistemic_statement denotes These data indicate that exercise intensity does not adversely affect satisfaction, enjoyment or adherence.
T301 130004-130063 Epistemic_statement denotes Practical implications of these findings will be discussed.
T302 130125-130276 Epistemic_statement denotes This session introduces a theory based multi-level intervention spanning a convenience sample of 16 sports (n=250 athletes) at a Midwestern University.
T303 130941-131048 Epistemic_statement denotes Changes in baseline knowledge, dietary practices, and body composition data will be reported and discussed.
T304 131049-131183 Epistemic_statement denotes Formative evaluation which includes adherence to program guidelines and recommendations for program improvement will also be reported.
T305 131184-131390 Epistemic_statement denotes Based on the data and information collected Project Ignite shows substantial promise as a model program for improving collegiate athlete dietary practices and knowledge about sport nutrition related issues.
T306 131391-131628 Epistemic_statement denotes CORRESPONDING AUTHOR: Amy Thompson, PhD, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH, 43606; amy.thompson4@utoledo.edu Background: Lifestyles that are associated with metabolic syndrome (MS) are affected by individual health locus of control (HLC).
T307 131629-131708 Epistemic_statement denotes Objective: Association between HLC and the characteristics of MS were examined.
T308 132164-132225 Epistemic_statement denotes We reviewed the association between the levels of MS and HLC.
T309 132856-133012 Epistemic_statement denotes Discussion: Those with Level "0" appear to make decisions themselves and they do not need to improve their lifestyles because they have no components of MS.
T310 133013-133122 Epistemic_statement denotes However, our research showed that they have high awareness of not only preventing MS but also overall health.
T311 133123-133246 Epistemic_statement denotes It is a problem that male with Level "3>" had lower motivation to improve lifestyle, possibly due to resignation or denial.
T312 133247-133389 Epistemic_statement denotes We should raise awareness of overall health for the prevention of MS onset and encourage people who already have MS to make lifestyle changes.
T313 133499-133634 Epistemic_statement denotes Main meals complying nutrition recommendations of the Defence Forces are served but snacks are available for purchase during free time.
T314 133635-133802 Epistemic_statement denotes Research on conscripts' eating habits is limited, suggesting they favor energydense and nutrient-poor foods such as fast food, pastries, soft drinks and confectionery.
T315 134607-134677 Epistemic_statement denotes However, this did not result in a significant temporal change in FatI.
T316 135025-135146 Epistemic_statement denotes Conclusions: These results indicate that during military service men prefer eating both fibre and sugar containing foods.
T317 135147-135203 Epistemic_statement denotes This may be due to an overall increase in energy intake.
T318 135204-135323 Epistemic_statement denotes Still, the increase of sugary foods offers an opportunity to intervene also as seasonal and regional differences exist.
T319 135433-135638 Epistemic_statement denotes CONCLUSION: The cognitive-behavioral group therapy seems to be an adequate strategy to modify irrationals believes and eating behavior, which could derive in an excessive caloric intake and sedentary life.
T320 135639-135870 Epistemic_statement denotes Research suggests that athletes do not have a higher prevalence of disordered eating behaviors compared to the general population however, their risk of sport related injury is increased when poor nutritional behaviors are present.
T321 136499-136645 Epistemic_statement denotes Case studies will include 2 athletes with extremely low body-fat (4% for female; 2% male) and 1 athlete with extremely high body-fat (50% female).
T322 136965-137201 Epistemic_statement denotes Further, many universities do not have polices that mandate when a collegiate athlete should be evaluated to determine the extent of any existing disordered eating behaviors or health conditions associated with their nutritional intake.
T323 137202-137354 Epistemic_statement denotes When it is determined that an athlete has disordered eating behaviors or health risks there should be policies in place to determine player eligibility.
T324 137355-137579 Epistemic_statement denotes The Live Healthy Work Well (LHWW) project examines whether access to life coaches, pharmacists, and other supports can improve health and prevent the loss of employment and independence due to diabetes-related complications.
T325 139226-139473 Epistemic_statement denotes Findings can be used to guide the development of future programs and health initiatives for employed adults with diabetes and results may be generalizable to employed diabetics across a range of ethnic groups including Asian and Pacific Islanders.
T326 140162-140481 Epistemic_statement denotes Enrollment at Kyoto Medical Center occurred November, 2006 and intervention, January, 2007 Previous research has established demographic differences in metabolic control and chronic disease complications, yet few studies have examined differential demographic effects on psychosocial and disease care correlates of A1c.
T327 141560-141779 Epistemic_statement denotes However, hierarchical multiple regression analyses that controlled for confounding influences of SES and parent marital status revealed most disease care differences attributed to ethnicity were better explained by SES.
T328 142052-142270 Epistemic_statement denotes Results may inform future interventions for youth at risk of poor metabolic control; lower SES families may benefit from careful attention to diabetes knowledge to facilitate successful implementation of diabetes care.
T329 142271-142454 Epistemic_statement denotes This study examined the relation between abnormal eating behavior, body mass index (BMI), and body image dissatisfaction in 554 female university students (Mean age: 19.22, SD: 1.01).
T330 143350-143530 Epistemic_statement denotes First, we examined the relation between the BMI and the BIDS and AEBS factor scores; a single-factor analysis of variance of factor scores was conducted on each BMI classification.
T331 143531-143794 Epistemic_statement denotes The results showed a significant main effect of BMI's class in all the factor scores excluding the "uncontrollable intake of excessive food" and "purging behavior" factor scores, and we can infer that the latter two factors have little relation to the BMI levels.
T332 143795-143911 Epistemic_statement denotes Thus, abnormal eating behavior that resembles an eating disorder might have little relation to the actual body type.
T333 143912-144147 Epistemic_statement denotes Second, we examined the relation between the "uncontrollable intake of excessive food," "purging behavior," and the BIDS factor scores; a t test on the former two factor scores from among the BIDS lower-rank factor group was conducted.
T334 144148-144442 Epistemic_statement denotes The results indicated high scorers on these two factors in the high "dissatisfaction with body plumpness" group (t(531) = |5.08|, p<.01; t(531) = |2.14|, p<.05); hence, purging behavior might not be only a consciousness of other people's opinions of one's own body but also the problem of self.
T335 145228-145579 Epistemic_statement denotes Aims: The aim was to determine whether patients report an increase in using a range of self-management skills after attending the SMP Methods: The Health Education Impact Questionnaire (hei-Q) is a generic eight scale questionnaire designed to measure selfmanagement skills/ outcomes associated with attending health education/self-management courses.
T336 146201-146365 Epistemic_statement denotes Further research involving larger sample sizes will determine whether greater use of self-management skills has a positive impact on health-related quality of life.
T337 147970-148136 Epistemic_statement denotes Conclusion: Using a CBPR approach resulted in substantial changes in the school nutrition environment which may lead to meaningful changes in childhood obesity rates.
T338 149067-149252 Epistemic_statement denotes Results: Three trajectory patterns were identified from the whole cohort: never/rarely overweight (59.5%), late start/light overweight (12.1%), and chronically/heavy overweight (28.4%).
T339 149253-149756 Epistemic_statement denotes After adjustments for gender, ethnicity, income-to-needs ratio based on federal poverty guidelines, and categorical timing of pubertal onset based on two dimensions of boys (genital and pubic hair) and girls (breast and pubic hair) development, youths with chronically/heavy overweight trajectory pattern had significantly worse scores of internalizing problems as well as syndrome subscales of somatic complaints, social problems and withdrawn than youths with never/rare overweight trajectory pattern.
T340 149757-149971 Epistemic_statement denotes Conclusions: Study findings helped advance knowledge on the distinct developmental trajectory patterns of overweight and their associations with multiple behavior problems in adolescents during pubertal transition.
T341 150706-150941 Epistemic_statement denotes Although they believed it was part of their job to advise obese patients on the health risks of obesity, the majority of doctors thought they had not made any difference in getting their patients to make long term changes in lifestyle.
T342 151092-151455 Epistemic_statement denotes Conclusions: This issue should be taken in account during physicians' education and in planning multidisciplinary teams of intervention in obesity, because physical doctors should be aware of how their own beliefs and attitudes will influence their behavior on the managing of obesity, compromising therefore the adherence and the successful in obesity treatment.
T343 152381-152491 Epistemic_statement denotes Underlying medical and physiological conditions limited physical activities of some participants in the study.
T344 152877-153116 Epistemic_statement denotes Empowerment with knowledge and support would allow individuals and their families to take ownership of their health care and thereby equipping them with tools to develop nutritionally and physically sound health habits to control diabetes.
T345 153528-153635 Epistemic_statement denotes Depression is associated with factors that promote IR including inactivity, obesity, and hypercortisolemia.
T346 153636-153747 Epistemic_statement denotes The purpose of the present study was to test the hypothesis of depression-associated insulin resistance (DAIR).
T347 154110-154165 Epistemic_statement denotes Sixteen patients could be classified as depressed (i.e.
T348 154166-154251 Epistemic_statement denotes DSM-IV MDD and and a BDI score ≥16) and 52 could be classified as non-depressed (i.e.
T349 154861-154984 Epistemic_statement denotes These preliminary data support the plausibility of the DAIR hypothesis and the need for larger and more definitive studies.
T350 155171-155345 Epistemic_statement denotes However, it appears that the results are not always kept for a long period of time, confirming the results of recent studies that found failure in 20% of bariatric surgeries.
T351 155693-155787 Epistemic_statement denotes Results: Speech elaboration is poor, emotional words are rare and impersonal mode is frequent.
T352 155788-155976 Epistemic_statement denotes Main categories suggest a psychological "fight" between the individuals and food, a fight that sometimes they win with sacrifices, but other times they loose because their lack of control.
T353 155977-156160 Epistemic_statement denotes Lifestyle changes needed to accomplish the objectives are perceived ambiguously between no responsibility in the treatment and the recognition of the need to be active on the process.
T354 156161-156316 Epistemic_statement denotes Conclusions: Unsuccessfulness in bariatric surgery seems to be related with defeat in the fight with food which happens in moments of greater emotionality.
T355 156317-156450 Epistemic_statement denotes This could be related with a lack of other coping strategies different from this one, contributing therefore to the regain of weight.
T356 156451-156606 Epistemic_statement denotes psychosocial factors have been suggested to affect eating behavior, most previous studies were either in laboratory settings or with recalled self-reports.
T357 156607-156728 Epistemic_statement denotes Therefore, valid relationships between food intake and psychosocial factors in daily life have not been fully understood.
T358 156729-156936 Epistemic_statement denotes Recently, ecological momentary assessment (EMA), in which subjects record their momentary symptoms using portable computers as electronic diaries, has been used as an appropriate method avoiding recall bias.
T359 157054-157230 Epistemic_statement denotes The aim of this study was to investigate the relationships between food intake and psychosocial factors in healthy people in daily life, using EMA and the PDA-based food diary.
T360 157546-157846 Epistemic_statement denotes Multilevel modeling analyses revealed that energy intake when dining out was significantly more than that in the other situations (p=0.049) after controlling for meal types and that momentary depressive mood just before the meal was negatively associated with energy intake only for dinner (p=0.045).
T361 157847-157993 Epistemic_statement denotes The results suggested possible effects of situational and psychological factor on energy intake with ecological validity and nutritional accuracy.
T362 157994-158211 Epistemic_statement denotes Background: This study examined in adult Pennsylvanians from 1995 to 2005 trends in the prevalence and sociodemographic distributions of diabetes; and the associations of diabetes with selected risk factors over time.
T363 158735-158939 Epistemic_statement denotes Logistic regression modeling was used to examine associations between diabetes, sociodemographic and disease risk factors at two time points (1995 and 2005) (Hernandez-Pozo, Cerezo, Macias, et al, 2010) .
T364 160387-160704 Epistemic_statement denotes We concluded that there is a gap between "talking about obesity and eating disorders" and the actual unconscious bias towards those themes, which might lead to postulate progressive stages of concerns about obesity and eating disorders, described by specific combinations of behavioral, physiological and verbal data.
T365 160744-160883 Epistemic_statement denotes There is a significant correlation between the change in eating habits, the frequency of food intake, the avoidance and attraction to food.
T366 161204-161319 Epistemic_statement denotes The BMI of the majority of the parents and children indicate that the parents and children have appropriate weight.
T367 162220-162336 Epistemic_statement denotes Additionally, we examined the question of whether there is a difference in reporting by sex, ethnicity, BMI and %BF.
T368 162337-162536 Epistemic_statement denotes On average, 18% of the children were at-risk of being overweight, 43% were already overweight at baseline, yet these children reported consuming fewer calories on average than recommended guidelines.
T369 162537-162640 Epistemic_statement denotes Additionally, reported caloric intake in this cohort was negatively associated with BMI and % body fat.
T370 163012-163361 Epistemic_statement denotes With the rising rates of obesity and diabetes in children, accurate measures of EI are needed for better understanding of the relationship between energy intake and health outcomes There is increasing international concern about diets high in fat, sugar and salt that contribute to the burden of obesity, cardiovascular disease, diabetes and cancer.
T371 164292-164448 Epistemic_statement denotes Two studies assessed supermarkets purchases and, although finding no overall effect of nutritional labels, different effects of different labels were found.
T372 164791-164993 Epistemic_statement denotes Finally, two related studies assessed the impact of "low fat" labels on consumption finding paradoxically greater consumption of products thus labelled with greater effects in those who were overweight.
T373 164994-165193 Epistemic_statement denotes These results indicate that the impact of nutritional labels on food purchasing and consumption is modified by characteristics of the individual, of the food product labelled and of the label itself.
T374 165194-165314 Epistemic_statement denotes The results further suggest that the purchase of healthier options will not necessarily result in healthier consumption.
T375 165315-165521 Epistemic_statement denotes It is anticipated that the results of the full review will help to elucidate which labels most effectively promote healthy consumption across populations to inform the development of policy internationally.
T376 165718-165927 Epistemic_statement denotes However, it is unknown whether interpersonal coaching promotes the utilization of handheld computers to self-monitor health behaviors and whether increased utilization is associated with increased weight loss.
T377 165928-166122 Epistemic_statement denotes The aim of this study was to determine whether interpersonal coaching leads to increased utilization of handheld computers for self-monitoring and weight loss in lower income multi-ethnic women.
T378 166754-167020 Epistemic_statement denotes Regardless of group assignment, higher tracking frequency was also associated with greater weight loss (r=−.45, p<.001; mean total weight loss: −3.4 lbs, SD: 6.3 lbs, range: −18-12; e-Solutions: −3.3 lbs, SD: 7.2 lbs; eSolutions plus: −3.5 lbs, SD: 5.5 lbs; p=.919).
T379 167021-167151 Epistemic_statement denotes To conclude, interpersonal coaching appears to foster the utilization of handheld computers for weight loss in lower income women.
T380 167152-167286 Epistemic_statement denotes An upcoming hypothesis about the origins of type II diabetes indicates that it has roots in behaviour rather than diet and metabolism.
T381 167287-167459 Epistemic_statement denotes However, little efforts have been made so far to test whether there are detectable behavioural differences in type II diabetics as compared to age matched healthy controls.
T382 167886-168075 Epistemic_statement denotes Since both testosterone and serotonin are key players in type II diabetes, we examined whether the offers and acceptance levels of type II diabetics are different than age matched controls.
T383 168345-168399 Epistemic_statement denotes BMI was poorly correlated with the economic behaviour.
T384 168812-168941 Epistemic_statement denotes Yet, the cognitive-psychological mechanisms that underlie these alterations in cognition in health anxiety are poorly understood.
T385 168942-169074 Epistemic_statement denotes In this respect, the ability to quickly and efficiently remove non-longer relevant information from working memory might be crucial.
T386 169872-170166 Epistemic_statement denotes Results: The ability to remove illness related words (but not neutral words) from working memory was negatively related to the behavioral facet of health anxiety (r = -.27), i.e., higher levels of hypochondriacal behavior were associated with less efficient inhibition of illness related words.
T387 170167-170400 Epistemic_statement denotes Conclusion: Behavioral and interpersonal aspects of health anxiety (i.e., seeking for reassurance and social support) were found to be associated with deficits in the ability to remove illness related information from working memory.
T388 170401-170516 Epistemic_statement denotes People with higher health anxiety might use behavioral strategies to distract from ongoing cognition about illness.
T389 170517-170725 Epistemic_statement denotes Alternatively, certain behavioral strategies that have been acquired during childhood and adolescence may increase the salience of health threatening information leading to difficulties in their "forgetting".
T390 171972-172089 Epistemic_statement denotes In addition, there were significantly correlation and discrimination between J-BICI and other related questionnaires.
T391 173427-173570 Epistemic_statement denotes Conclusions: The results of this research show that non-patient IBS is a changeable state that can change into IBS or persons without symptoms.
T392 173784-173916 Epistemic_statement denotes The findings suggest the usefulness of identifying and approaching non-patient IBS as early as possible to prevent the onset of IBS.
T393 174051-174129 Epistemic_statement denotes Therefore, the findings of the present study are limited only these two types.
T394 174130-174179 Epistemic_statement denotes Further study including the mixed type is needed.
T395 174434-174526 Epistemic_statement denotes Both however, differ in the likelihood of providing effective treatment: 50% and 100%, resp.
T396 174527-174746 Epistemic_statement denotes Methods: We investigated whether the likelihood of receiving drug or placebo determines the size of the drug response and the size of the placebo response (DR, PR) in treatment studies of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS).
T397 174934-175129 Epistemic_statement denotes Computing the overall DR and PR, both responses were lower with higher likelihood of receiving the drug (ratio 2:1 or higher), but the difference between DR and PR ("therapeutic gain") decreased.
T398 175461-175578 Epistemic_statement denotes Again, the placebo response decreased with increasing likelihood of receiving a drug from 37.6% (1:1) to 29.1% (4:1).
T399 175762-176013 Epistemic_statement denotes Correlation between the drug response and the placebo response across all 20 trials was significant (Pearsons r=.781, p<.001), but was higher in 1:1 trials (n=10; r=.91, p<.001) than in trials with a higher drug-to-placebo ratio (n=10, r=.69, p=.027).
T400 176014-176242 Epistemic_statement denotes Conclusion: The higher the likelihood of receiving active treatment (a drug as compared to a placebo), the lower the response rate to both placebo and the drug in IBS, at the expense of a poorer discrimination between DR and PR.
T401 176549-176670 Epistemic_statement denotes Romantic partners and relationship factors can influence one's health and well being above and beyond individual factors.
T402 177800-177988 Epistemic_statement denotes Comparisons showed a stronger association between relationship satisfaction and depression for women (B=−.52 vs. −.38, p<.05 ) and physical quality of life for men (B=.18 vs. .08, p<.05) .
T403 178059-178210 Epistemic_statement denotes Conclusion: Relationship satisfaction was associated with better mental health outcomes for men and women, and better physical health outcomes for men.
T404 178211-178474 Epistemic_statement denotes While relationship satisfaction had a greater influence on depression among women, it had a greater influence on the physical quality of life for men, suggesting that relationship factors may play a different role in mental and physical functioning across gender.
T405 178475-178658 Epistemic_statement denotes Fear of childbirth in pregnant women has been associated with prior and future complicated deliveries, difficulties in the motherinfant relationship and risk of postpartum depression.
T406 178659-178825 Epistemic_statement denotes The aim of this study was to investigate pre-and postpartum levels of childbirth fear in a cohort of pregnant women and examine factors associated with elevated fear.
T407 180214-180472 Epistemic_statement denotes In addition to prepartum WEQ scores (p <0.001), postpartum childbirth fear was associated with greater anxiety sensitivity (p=0.001), lower parental self-efficacy (p=0.005) and delivery by caesarean section (p=0.014), together explaining 36% of the variance.
T408 180473-180648 Epistemic_statement denotes Our findings underscore the importance of routine assessment of childbirth fear during pregnancy and highlights areas which can be targeted in order to manage childbirth fear.
T409 180649-180807 Epistemic_statement denotes Women expressing fears may benefit from interventions aimed at improving self-efficacy and reducing stress to enhance the pregnancy and childbirth experience.
T410 180808-180969 Epistemic_statement denotes Introduction: Recent studies show Female Sexual Dysfunction can be caused by an overemphasis on secondary self-analysis rather than direct experience of arousal.
T411 180970-181074 Epistemic_statement denotes Training in mindfulness has been associated with decreases in self-judgment and enhanced body awareness.
T412 182579-182730 Epistemic_statement denotes The faster reaction times were correlated with this decrease in self-judgment (r=.70, p=.012 ) as well as an increase in self-kindness (r=.84, p=.001).
T413 182898-183073 Epistemic_statement denotes Conclusions: These results suggest that mindfulness training is associated with improvements in many of the psychological barriers to female desire, arousal, and satisfaction.
T414 183074-183204 Epistemic_statement denotes Most notably, it was associated with faster reaction times when reporting arousal that correlated with decreases in self-judgment.
T415 183393-183466 Epistemic_statement denotes These data strongly support mindfulness as a promising treatment for FSD.
T416 183467-183684 Epistemic_statement denotes Purpose: The primary aim of this study was to evaluate the association between key psychosocial factors and aberrant crypt foci (ACF), a measure of colonic mucosa and perhaps a putative biomarker of colon cancer risk.
T417 183685-183905 Epistemic_statement denotes We hypothesized that higher levels of depression, stress, and colon cancer worry (and lower levels of social support) would be associated with greater numbers of ACF among individuals at heightened risk for colon cancer.
T418 184371-184475 Epistemic_statement denotes Regression beta weights were used to examine the association between the psychosocial variables and ACF.
T419 184476-184677 Epistemic_statement denotes Results: Among women, higher levels of depression were associated with greater numbers of ACF (β=.731, p=.032) after controlling for age, race/ethnicity, stress, social support, and colon cancer worry.
T420 184678-184827 Epistemic_statement denotes Among men, lower levels of social support were associated with greater numbers of ACF (β=-.398, p=.050) after controlling for age and race/ethnicity.
T421 184828-185073 Epistemic_statement denotes These results suggest that although colon cancer affects men and women equally with regards to morbidity and mortality rates, there are important gender differences in how psychosocial factors impact colonic mucosa and perhaps colon cancer risk.
T422 185074-185197 Epistemic_statement denotes Psychosocial interventions aimed at targeting these types of factors are warranted but need to consider the role of gender.
T423 185338-185606 Epistemic_statement denotes We aimed to quantify the gender-socioeconomic status (SES) interaction on premature mortality and to analyse which psychosocial characteristics might explain the different gender patterns of socioeconomic inequalities in premature mortality in this respect in Hungary.
T424 185775-185893 Epistemic_statement denotes Cox-proportional hazard models were used to evaluate the association between several socioeconomic measures and death.
T425 186221-186397 Epistemic_statement denotes Adjustment for severe depression resulted in the highest decrease in the regression coefficients for the association between socioeconomic factors and male premature mortality.
T426 186398-186491 Epistemic_statement denotes There was no indication that depression would mediate between low SES and mortality in women.
T427 186492-186700 Epistemic_statement denotes Work stress measures might partly mediate the effect of socioeconomic deprivation on male mortality, while social support seems to counterbalance the negative aspects of socioeconomic deprivation among women.
T428 186701-186837 Epistemic_statement denotes Conclusions: Middle-aged Hungarian men seem to be considerably more vulnerable to the chronic stress of material deprivation than women.
T429 186838-186971 Epistemic_statement denotes This effect modification by gender might partly be explained by a stronger connection between low SES and depressive symptoms in men.
T430 186972-187171 Epistemic_statement denotes While the effects on body image of unrealistically thin female fashion models have been extensively investigated, there is very little research on the effects of unrealistically muscular male models.
T431 188150-188259 Epistemic_statement denotes These findings suggest that average-size male models can promote positive body image and appeal to consumers.
T432 190464-190627 Epistemic_statement denotes Background: The importance of conducting genetic biobanking research about genetic factors that influence major chronic diseases is critical in disease management.
T433 190628-190751 Epistemic_statement denotes Participants eligible for this line of research may not be aware of genetic biobanking research and reasons to participate.
T434 190752-190897 Epistemic_statement denotes This disconnect between potential eligible participants and the importance of genetic biobank research may hinder progress in disease management.
T435 190898-191032 Epistemic_statement denotes Qualitative studies are needed to identify factors that influence a multi-ethnic sample to participate in genetic biobanking research.
T436 192298-192451 Epistemic_statement denotes One of these genes is Per1, a clock gene that disposes of a glucocorticoid-responsive element and is therefore most likely influenced by glucocorticoids.
T437 192452-192532 Epistemic_statement denotes In humans, stress is associated with an increase in the glucocorticoid cortisol.
T438 192647-192922 Epistemic_statement denotes For this reason, we aimed to investigate first, the association of cortisol and hPER1 as well as hPER2, and second, the putative cortisol-mediated influence of acute and chronic psychosocial stress on the gene expression of the same two clock genes in thirty-one healthy men.
T439 192923-193083 Epistemic_statement denotes Our findings suggest that first, cortisol strongly interacts with hPER1 and hPER2, and second, psychosocial stress influences the expression of hPER1 and hPER2.
T440 193362-193535 Epistemic_statement denotes It is unclear whether these measures will capture motives for seeking genetic susceptibility testing where gene variants are associated with small increases in disease risk.
T441 194270-194374 Epistemic_statement denotes These items formed a reliable scale (alpha=.70) that correlated with testing intentions (r=.63, p<.001).
T442 194477-194708 Epistemic_statement denotes Overall, themes paralleled those in our quantitative survey, though participants offered the novel point that they would not want to be tested because the awareness that would come from testing would lead to less enjoyment of life.
T443 194834-194900 Epistemic_statement denotes This may be unique to intentions to seek new susceptibility tests.
T444 194901-195058 Epistemic_statement denotes Understanding the role of curiosity in test uptake could be informative for this and other novel technologies where health utility has yet to be established.
T445 195334-195556 Epistemic_statement denotes Aims: A previous studies have reported that the long variant of the serotonin transporter-linked promoter region (5-HTTLPR) polymorphism is associated with problem solving style of stress coping among males (Wilhelm et al.
T446 195565-195615 Epistemic_statement denotes However, the findings do not have been replicated.
T447 195616-195736 Epistemic_statement denotes In addition, socioeconomic status, such as education, might interact with the genotype to determine stress coping style.
T448 197244-197492 Epistemic_statement denotes Discussion: The study replicated that long variant of 5-HTTLPR polymorphism was associated with problem solving (measured as "seeking help for solution" in this study) among men, while the l/ l group seems less likely to use "changing mood" coping.
T449 197493-197599 Epistemic_statement denotes 5-HTTLPR polymorphism, education, and sex seem to interact to determine the problem solving stress coping.
T450 197619-197743 Epistemic_statement denotes (2010) Background: Sociotropic cognition is a set of beliefs associated with social dependency and a high need for approval.
T451 197744-197890 Epistemic_statement denotes Earlier studies with women found that high sociotropic cognition was associated with increased cardiovascular reactivity and sexual risk behavior.
T452 197891-198016 Epistemic_statement denotes However, few studies have included men and the influence of sociotropy on other health risk behaviors has not been evaluated.
T453 198369-198529 Epistemic_statement denotes It was hypothesized that higher sociotropic cognition would be associated with more alcohol, drug, and tobacco use, sexual risk behavior, and disordered eating.
T454 198530-198590 Epistemic_statement denotes Multiple regression was used to examine these relationships.
T455 198766-198908 Epistemic_statement denotes Sociotropic cognition was associated with being pressured into having sex (t(227) = 2.19, p<.05), but not to recent intercourse or condom use.
T456 198909-199165 Epistemic_statement denotes Sociotropic cognition predicted recent amphetamine (β=.21, t(229) = 3.26, p<.001) and inhalant use (β=.14, t(229) = 2.20, p<.05), but was negatively associated with alcohol (β=− .13, t(229) = -2.01, p<.05) and marijuana use (β=−.14, t(229) = -2.09, p<.05).
T457 199166-199208 Epistemic_statement denotes There was no association with tobacco use.
T458 199209-199419 Epistemic_statement denotes Sociotropic cognition predicted more body dissatisfaction (β=.32, t(225) = 5.09, p<.001) and more disordered eating behavior (β=.25, t(210) = 3.81, p<.001), and was not associated with BMI or physical activity.
T459 199420-199548 Epistemic_statement denotes Conclusions: Sociotropic cognition appears to be an important correlate of interrelated health risk behaviors for men and women.
T460 199675-199813 Epistemic_statement denotes Cognitive and behavioral intervention strategies may be useful to address need for approval and its effect on these health risk behaviors.
T461 199814-199852 Epistemic_statement denotes A meditational model was hypothesized.
T462 200031-200156 Epistemic_statement denotes The primary model examined hypothesized that weight stigma would mediate the relationship between exercise avoidance and BMI.
T463 200157-200263 Epistemic_statement denotes The model testing the relationship between the IV (BMI) and the DV (exercise avoidance) fit the data well.
T464 200264-200426 Epistemic_statement denotes The models testing the relationship between the mediator (weight stigma) and the DV, and the relationship between the IV and the mediator, also fit the data well.
T465 200427-200605 Epistemic_statement denotes The final model testing weight stigma's meditational role between BMI and exercise avoidance, found that weight stigma completely mediated the relationship between the IV and DV.
T466 200606-200679 Epistemic_statement denotes The results indicated that as BMI increased exercise avoidance increased.
T467 200789-201025 Epistemic_statement denotes Not only were BMI, exercise avoidance, and weight stigma all related in college females, but weight stigma mediated the relationship between BMI and exercise avoidance, indicating that weight stigma may predict adverse health behaviors.
T468 201081-201287 Epistemic_statement denotes Previous studies examining social determinants of health have found that individuals who tend to discount the future are more likely to engage in negative health behaviors such as smoking and substance use.
T469 201439-201685 Epistemic_statement denotes Personality dimensions and depressive symptoms have been identified as potential predictors of discounting rates, but past studies have utilized monetary discounting measures when examining health outcomes rather than health discounting measures.
T470 201686-202088 Epistemic_statement denotes This study examined personal-ity and affective predictors of health discounting in a sample of 97 undergraduate students (41 women) who completed the following questionnaires as participants in a study for course credit: (1) a hypothetical health choice task (Chapman, 1996) , (2) Many studies have indicated that many people who experience psychological and interpersonal problems don't seek any help.
T471 202202-202423 Epistemic_statement denotes In these studies, measures of help-seeking intentions have been often used instead of measuring actual help-seeking behavior, because it is assumed that help-seeking intentions associate with actual help-seeking behavior.
T472 202424-202478 Epistemic_statement denotes However, there is little evidence of this association.
T473 202479-202627 Epistemic_statement denotes The purpose of this study is to examine whether help-seeking intentions can predict actual help-seeking behavior among Japanese university students.
T474 202919-203045 Epistemic_statement denotes The correlation between help-seeking intentions at Time1 and actual help-seeking behavior at Time2 was moderate (r=.65 p<.01).
T475 203046-203187 Epistemic_statement denotes The result of multiple regression analysis indicated that help-seeking intentions associated with actual help-seeking behavior (β=.42 p<.01).
T476 203188-203326 Epistemic_statement denotes Social support at Time1 (β=.18 p<.05) and psychological distress at Time2 (β=.44 p<.01) also associated with actual help-seeking behavior.
T477 203412-203538 Epistemic_statement denotes Thus, it was revealed that help-seeking intentions can predict actual helpseeking behavior among Japanese university students.
T478 203539-203663 Epistemic_statement denotes Background: Suffering from infertility may cause significant stress both on a personal level as well as in the relationship.
T479 203664-203820 Epistemic_statement denotes Expressive writing intervention (EWI) has been shown to be an efficient method for reducing psychological symptoms in both healthy and clinical populations.
T480 203821-203891 Epistemic_statement denotes However, research using this method with infertile couples is limited.
T481 204496-204633 Epistemic_statement denotes Despite strong intentions to improve their diet or engage in regular exercise, individuals frequently fail to achieve these health goals.
T482 204634-204860 Epistemic_statement denotes According to Temporal Self-Regulation Theory (Hall & Fong, 2007) , executive function (including working memory and inhibitory control capacities) and prepotent behaviour (e.g., habits) may influence self-regulation abilities.
T483 204861-205074 Epistemic_statement denotes The aim of this study was to replicate and extend initial evidence (Hall, Fong, Epp, & Elias, 2008) that, within the domains of diet and exercise, executive function moderates the intention-behaviour relationship.
T484 206124-206264 Epistemic_statement denotes The findings support hypotheses that health goal achievement is influenced by self-regulation abilities with a significant biological basis.
T485 206265-206477 Epistemic_statement denotes Research is needed to identify ways to increase these self-regulation capacities or develop alternative techniques for enabling individuals with low executive function to fulfil their health behaviour intentions.
T486 206478-206587 Epistemic_statement denotes Background: Childhood sexual abuse has been associated with sexual risk behavior and alcohol abuse in adults.
T487 206588-206713 Epistemic_statement denotes However, the relationship of other forms of childhood abuse and neglect to these health risk behaviors has been less studied.
T488 207519-207660 Epistemic_statement denotes Most smokers who quit relapse within three months, suggesting that mainstream cessation assistance options do not work well for many smokers.
T489 207819-207993 Epistemic_statement denotes No trial to date has prescribed intermittent bouts of brief exercise in response to nicotine cravings, despite evidence suggesting its potential efficacy as a cessation tool.
T490 208972-209259 Epistemic_statement denotes From baseline to post-intervention, mean FTND scores ( Preliminary results from the first wave of participants in this lowcost, web-based trial are comparable to more resource-and timeconsuming cessation programs, suggesting that future iterations of this program may be quite promising.
T491 209260-209475 Epistemic_statement denotes Further analyses will examine the potential roles of exercise adherence, selfmonitoring adherence, and self-efficacy, among other variables, in the smoking cessation and reduction rates associated with this program.
T492 209476-209644 Epistemic_statement denotes With growing number of people diagnosed with diabetes, there is a lack of diabetic control among people with diabetes in Malaysia and we need to understand why this is.
T493 209645-209863 Epistemic_statement denotes This study set out to explore the perspectives of patients' management of Type 2 diabetes and provide recommendations that aim to enhance adherence to treatment and help patients to improve their selfmanagement skills.
T494 211447-211765 Epistemic_statement denotes More positive approaches are needed in self-management of diabetes and health care professionals involved in the management of diabetes need to understand their patients' beliefs about their diabetes and their constraints to promote more awareness and to foster greater control of diabetes and improve health outcomes.
T495 211912-212039 Epistemic_statement denotes Risk behaviors also tend to co-occur, but data on the prevalence of co-occurring mental and behavioral risk factors are scarce.
T496 212094-212353 Epistemic_statement denotes Better understanding the co-occurrence of risk factors, however, could help inform the feasibility and design of multiple risk factor (MRF) interventions, which potentially can be more cost-effective than delivering interventions targeted at single behaviors.
T497 213351-213406 Epistemic_statement denotes The results highlight a challenge of MRF interventions.
T498 213562-213706 Epistemic_statement denotes Given this, MRF interventions may need to be easily disseminable across large populations in order to be cost-effective and have maximum impact.
T499 213769-214050 Epistemic_statement denotes Introduction: The theoretical framework of Raghubir and Menon (2005) suggests that intention to behave in the future will be more favourable when individuals recall positive experiences and these experiences are easy to retrieve (such as when experiences occur on a regular basis).
T500 214051-214349 Epistemic_statement denotes The aim of this study is to verify if perceived regularity in the adoption of behaviour adds to the prediction of intention, taking into account the constructs of the theory of planned behaviour (Ajzen, 1991) and constructs of other relevant social cognitive theories that aim to explain intention.
T501 215081-215404 Epistemic_statement denotes The present research aims to establish (a) whether this effect is generalisable (when delivered by a different person (namely the second author), and (b) whether either of the motivational or volitional components of the intervention are alone sufficient to alter walking behaviour, or whether both components are required.
T502 215846-216042 Epistemic_statement denotes Results: The "combined" intervention produced a large (d=1.06) and significant (p=0.036) increase in walking behavior, in contrast to both other interventions (time x groups interaction, p=0.003).
T503 216167-216363 Epistemic_statement denotes Conclusions: This demonstrates generalisability of previous large intervention effects and suggests that neither the motivational nor volitional components appear to work effectively in isolation.
T504 216475-216633 Epistemic_statement denotes Behavioral medicine has been defined as interdisciplinary field that integrates behavioral & medical knowledge and applies that knowledge to health & disease.
T505 216634-217157 Epistemic_statement denotes In Libya behavioral medicine is a pretty unknown field of knowledge and as has been defined here is not exist due to many and multiple factors, therefore it is not surprising that you would not find a teaching curriculum in medical schools for psychology or behavioral medicine at any university in Libya before 1988, we can say that the teaching of behavioral sciences started in 1988 in the faculty of medicine in Tripoli, University of Al-Fatah as apart of the community medicine course and is taught in the fourth year.
T506 217345-217600 Epistemic_statement denotes the author highlight the historical development of behavioral medicine and behavioral sciences in Libyan medical schools and suggestion to include behavior medicine in the Libyan medical curriculum which should be a compulsory and not an optional subject.
T507 217945-218103 Epistemic_statement denotes This limits the possibility of replicating effective interventions, synthesising evidence, and understanding the causal mechanisms underlying behavior change.
T508 218104-218285 Epistemic_statement denotes Our ultimate aim is to develop a reliable method of specifying behavior change techniques (BCTs), link them to relevant theory and specify the behaviors necessary to implement them.
T509 219851-219915 Epistemic_statement denotes However, the respondents were not concerned about these changes.
T510 219916-219989 Epistemic_statement denotes Despite many hardships, they were pleased with their new urban lifestyle.
T511 220184-220424 Epistemic_statement denotes Conclusion: The study highlighted the complexity of the risk factors of non-communicable diseases, and the importance of developing prevention strategies that extend beyond the traditional lifestyle approach that focus on diet and exercise.
T512 220646-220895 Epistemic_statement denotes Linville (1987) has suggested that high self-complexity serves as a buffer against the onset of depressive symptoms following negative events because it partly determines the impact of such events on thoughts and feelings about various self-aspects.
T513 222472-222598 Epistemic_statement denotes Results demonstrate that this program increases P-SC, which might ameliorate subsequent depressed mood among college students.
T514 222812-222935 Epistemic_statement denotes Using information from both literature and FG interviews, vitality appears to consist of a mental and a physical component.
T515 222936-223044 Epistemic_statement denotes The interviewees suggested to improve the mental component of vitality by means of relaxation exercises (eg.
T516 223045-223163 Epistemic_statement denotes yoga); physical vitality could be improved by aerobic exercises involving aerobic endurance, strength and flexibility.
T517 223424-223513 Epistemic_statement denotes Moreover, fruit will be offered at the workplace to meet the recommended intake of fruit.
T518 223656-223801 Epistemic_statement denotes The aim of our research is to study the psychical health state of the Romanian adults in three counties placed in the middle part of the country.
T519 223893-224010 Epistemic_statement denotes The study is based on a complex questionnaire, which was completed by a representative sample among adult population.
T520 224376-224504 Epistemic_statement denotes According to WHO Positive life quality test, in two-third majority the adult population consider that it is psychically healthy.
T521 224680-224900 Epistemic_statement denotes Malaria is an excellent exemplar for a risk reduction intervention due to geographic fluctuations in its transmission range, lifethreatening consequences, and the vital need for adherence to personal protection measures.
T522 225352-225625 Epistemic_statement denotes A three-condition experimental design was used to compare feedback strategies for game decisions: baseline corrective (right/wrong) feedback and explanatory feedback that is either provided automatically with each decision or only when players click on a link to access it.
T523 226358-226498 Epistemic_statement denotes Analysis of secondary outcome measures suggests that students prefer simplicity and efficiency within this interactive learning environment.
T524 226499-226596 Epistemic_statement denotes Future research will examine the impact of a risk reduction game intervention on actual behavior.
T525 226721-226821 Epistemic_statement denotes Acupuncture and moxibustion are closely related to behavioral medicine based on preventive medicine.
T526 227023-227194 Epistemic_statement denotes This study examined relationships between acupuncture and moxibustion medical assessments and perceived mental health states using subscores of Cornell Medical Index(CMI).
T527 227504-227702 Epistemic_statement denotes Subjects were asked whether they felt pain, stretched feeling, dullness or malaise when they flex the neck backward, right side, left side, or forward , as well as perceived mental health using CMI.
T528 228295-228394 Epistemic_statement denotes Acupuncture and moxibustion medical assessment can successfully be applied to mental health domain.
T529 228685-228860 Epistemic_statement denotes Although it is suggested that psychological factors may play a role in OTC drug misuse, the main factors that might be associated with one's manner of drug intake are unknown.
T530 229138-229350 Epistemic_statement denotes They retrospectively completed selfreport measures addressing (a) illness perceptions, (b) beliefs about taking OTC medicines, (c) how to take OTC medicines, (d) common cold symptoms, and (e) frequency of intake.
T531 229351-229741 Epistemic_statement denotes Result: The analysis of covariance indicated that misuse of OTC medicines was related to an individual's perceptions that concern consequences of illness Breakups are usually distressing and generate different consequences (emotional, cognitive, behavioral and physiological) that can be associated to poor social relationships, physical/mental disorders and may eventually lead to suicide.
T532 229742-229876 Epistemic_statement denotes The dissolution of a relationship implies a transitional crisis and is considered a relational loss that generates a grieving process.
T533 229877-230037 Epistemic_statement denotes After breaking up with someone, the person must achieve mourning tasks, redefine the relationship, rebuild self-esteem and readjust to adaptive social patterns.
T534 230038-230310 Epistemic_statement denotes A workshop was designed for vulnerable people, who had been detected with the Detection Questionnaire of Feelings, Emotions and Consequences of Loss (de la Serna, 2009), as a psychotherapeutic approach towards the mourning-task following the dissolution of a relationship.
T535 231595-231731 Epistemic_statement denotes Background: Managing stress on a population basis is one of the promising approaches to enhancing health and reducing health care costs.
T536 232984-233368 Epistemic_statement denotes Results: Results indicate that the stage-matched self-help learning for effective stress management behaviours followed by stagebased expert systems had significant effects on stress alleviation and progression of stage for stress management behaviours in both groups, irrespective of with and without individualized and tailored prescription for processes of change feedback reports.
T537 233369-233612 Epistemic_statement denotes Conclusions: Stage-matched TTM expert systems for self-help stress management behaviour workbook can reduce stress for students irrespective of with and without individualized and tailored prescription for processes of change feedback reports.
T538 233876-234106 Epistemic_statement denotes There is considerable research showing that multiple factors such as patient's characteristics (e.g., age), medication related aspects (e.g., side effects) as well as environmental factors (e.g., availability) do affect adherence.
T539 234423-234631 Epistemic_statement denotes (1) (3) suggest that medication beliefs are associated with the intake of antihypertensive eye drops in patients with glaucoma, whereas illness perceptions do not additionally explain the degree of adherence.
T540 234632-234863 Epistemic_statement denotes As both, the efficacy of a medication and patient adherence to the therapeutic regiment, influence the effectiveness of a treatment, it appears necessary to improve adherence in many illnesses, e. g. by psychological interventions.
T541 234878-235044 Epistemic_statement denotes (4) suggest a brief and economic intervention -a tailored text message programme -to change patients' illness perceptions with the aim to improve treatment adherence.
T542 235045-235110 Epistemic_statement denotes Their controlled trial show promising results in asthma patients.
T543 235286-235459 Epistemic_statement denotes Background: While effective preventative medication is readily available in asthma, adherence is a major problem due to patients' beliefs about their illness and medication.
T544 235460-235612 Epistemic_statement denotes Many non-adherent patients are reluctant to take their preventer inhaler when they are not experiencing symptoms and have concerns about their inhalers.
T545 235613-235761 Epistemic_statement denotes Aim: We investigated whether a text message programme targeted at changing patients' illness perceptions would improve adherence in asthma patients.
T546 236039-236137 Epistemic_statement denotes The type and number of text messages designed to promote beliefs associated with higher adherence.
T547 236683-236849 Epistemic_statement denotes Conclusions: A targeted text message programme increases adherence to asthma preventer inhaler and may be useful for other illnesses where adherence is a major issue.
T548 236850-236972 Epistemic_statement denotes Background: Non-adherence to immunosuppressant medications can contribute to medical complications in transplant patients.
T549 236973-237203 Epistemic_statement denotes A recent pilot study showed that non-adherence is associated with liver transplant patients' beliefs that that the transplant has severe consequences and is distressing, as well as concerns about the harmful effects of medication.
T550 237204-237390 Epistemic_statement denotes Aim: This study aimed to investigate associations between illness perceptions, medication beliefs, and adherence in liver transplant patients, extending previous work to a larger sample.
T551 237764-238085 Epistemic_statement denotes Lower self-reported adherence was associated with lower education, lower beliefs about medication necessity, higher beliefs that medication was harmful, and had adverse effects, lower beliefs that immunosuppressants could prevent rejection, poorer understanding of the transplant, and higher distress about the condition.
T552 238086-238260 Epistemic_statement denotes A higher percentage of drug test levels below the therapeutic range was associated with less time since transplant, and lower beliefs that medication could prevent rejection.
T553 238261-238510 Epistemic_statement denotes Conclusion: This research provides further evidence that illness perceptions and medication beliefs are associated with non- Non-Adherence with intraocular pressure lowering eye drops is an important risk factor for going blind in glaucoma patients.
T554 238511-238669 Epistemic_statement denotes Previous research evidenced a relationship between adherence to treatment and patients' illness and treatment related beliefs in a range of chronic illnesses.
T555 238670-238886 Epistemic_statement denotes Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate the associations between illness perceptions according to the "common sense model of self-regulation", medication beliefs, and adherence in subjects with glaucoma.
T556 239296-239410 Epistemic_statement denotes Results: Unlike the expectation illness perceptions and disease severity indices did not correlate with adherence.
T557 239411-239626 Epistemic_statement denotes Lower selfreported adherence was associated with the intensity of side effects and the medication related beliefs "General Harm", "General Benefit", "Specific Necessity", "Specific Concerns" [ARMS/ VAS-AD; p's<.05].
T558 239627-239863 Epistemic_statement denotes Multivariate analysis showed that the beliefs about medicines provide a useful model (R2=.14; F=3.9; p<.01) to predict eye drop taking behaviour with the two specific belief dimensions having the strongest predictive power (β=−.21/.21).
T559 239864-239989 Epistemic_statement denotes Conclusions: This study suggests that beliefs about medicines seem to be useful predictors of adherence in glaucoma patients.
T560 239990-240058 Epistemic_statement denotes By contrast the illness perceptions do not seem to affect adherence.
T561 240059-240170 Epistemic_statement denotes The reasons for this result may lie in special characteristics of glaucoma and/ or the assessment methods used.
T562 240402-240556 Epistemic_statement denotes In people with chronic illnesses, beliefs about medicines have been shown to influence patients' treatment decisions, adherence and side effect reporting.
T563 240557-240650 Epistemic_statement denotes However, to interpret these results epidemiologic data about medication beliefs is essential.
T564 241555-241755 Epistemic_statement denotes Specifically, beliefs about medicines explained an additional significant proportion of 20% of variance, after controlling for relevant demographic characteristics, medication intake and side effects.
T565 242363-242647 Epistemic_statement denotes Hans-Christian Deter will examine the rationale and targets of the new German SPIRR-CAD trial, which is a combined psychodynamic and cognitive behavior group therapy intervention aimed at decreasing depressive symptoms, Type D behavior and CAD risk profile and events in CAD patients.
T566 242908-243188 Epistemic_statement denotes Kristina Orth-Gomér will discuss the reduced mortality produced by psychosocial intervention in the Stockholm Women Intervention Trial for Coronary Heart Disease (SWITCHD) and how tailoring the intervention to the gender related needs of women may have contributed to the outcome.
T567 243189-243452 Epistemic_statement denotes Neil Schneiderman will then describe biological and behavioral factors that appear to have been involved in those randomized controlled trials that have successfully used psychosocial interventions to reduce the recurrence of major adverse coronary events (MACE).
T568 244118-244222 Epistemic_statement denotes However, combined treatment may be more efficacious than a behavioural or interpersonal treatment alone.
T569 247458-247789 Epistemic_statement denotes Stress at work has been shown to influence both incidence and progression of cardiovascular disease (CVD), but psychosocial interventions to reduce stress and CVD have produced inconsistent Results: Moreover, meta-analysis has indicated that psychosocial interventions have been more effective in reducing CVD in men than in women.
T570 247790-247887 Epistemic_statement denotes One possible explanation is that men and women have different needs in terms of stress reduction.
T571 247888-248130 Epistemic_statement denotes Thus, it appears that family problems constitute stronger emotional stressors and provoke more depressive feelings in women than men, and that women, even when working outside the home are more endangered by family stress than by work stress.
T572 248298-248561 Epistemic_statement denotes This randomized clinical trial decreased CVD mortality in women receiving the intervention compared to women receiving standard care, providing evidence that an intervention designed to satisfy the gender related needs of women may prolong life in women with CVD.
T573 249002-249188 Epistemic_statement denotes Some successful studies (e.g., Stockholm Women's Intervention Trial for Coronary Heart Disease: SWITCHD) have employed relaxation training, suggesting that stress reduction is important.
T574 249189-249320 Epistemic_statement denotes SWITCHD also found that the interaction between behavioral intervention and the use of statins also appeared to decrease mortality.
T575 249321-249493 Epistemic_statement denotes And in research conducted in animals we have found that social affiliation can attenuate the development of atherosclerosis by decreasing inflammation and oxidative stress.
T576 249494-249624 Epistemic_statement denotes Because patients with CAD typically are prescribed multiple medications, medication adherence may be a useful intervention target.
T577 249625-249855 Epistemic_statement denotes Similarly, because most CAD patients are overweight, physically inactive, and may have metabolic syndrome, behavioral intervention strategies to increase weight loss and improve fitness could be useful for addressing these issues.
T578 249856-250010 Epistemic_statement denotes This presentation will compare and contrast RCT in terms of the biological and behavioral bases of the intervention strategies used to treat CAD patients.
T579 250227-250331 Epistemic_statement denotes The "hikikomori" was first reported in Japan, and had been thought as a culture-bounded psychopathology.
T580 250628-250808 Epistemic_statement denotes Also a qualitative study from Hong Kong reported that "hikikomiri" was a psychopathology with difficulties in interacting with others and it was not unique to the Japanese society.
T581 250886-251070 Epistemic_statement denotes The advances in epidemiology and qualitative research could provide a new perspective of the nature of "hikikomori" as a unique psychopathology developed in the context of the society.
T582 251175-251266 Epistemic_statement denotes Etiology and epidemiology are poorly understood, and evidence for interventions is lacking.
T583 251913-252113 Epistemic_statement denotes The emergent theoretical framework and the list are mutually supportive in the results obtained from this study, which suggested emotional pain exists in hikikomori in relation to human relationships.
T584 252114-252342 Epistemic_statement denotes The results of the present study suggest that hikikomori is characterized by more diffuse features, including difficulties in coping with people or tasks, difficulties with trust, unhappiness about life and poor concept of time.
T585 252574-252726 Epistemic_statement denotes Aims: Epidemiology of "hikikomori (acute social withdrawal)" in a community population is not clear, although it has been noted for the decade in Japan.
T586 252727-252875 Epistemic_statement denotes The objective of this study is to clarify the prevalence of "hikikomori" and to examine the relation between "hikikomori" and psychiatric disorders.
T587 253105-253196 Epistemic_statement denotes We asked all respondents whether they had any children currently experiencing "hikikomori".
T588 253197-253301 Epistemic_statement denotes For respondents aged 20-49 years old (n=1,660), we asked whether they had ever experienced "hikikomori".
T589 253302-253385 Epistemic_statement denotes Also respondents were asked another question if they had a child with "hikikomori".
T590 254238-254334 Epistemic_statement denotes Discussion: The study suggests that "hikikomori" is common in the community population in Japan.
T591 254436-254599 Epistemic_statement denotes While psychiatric disorders were often comorbid with "hikikomori", a half of the cases seem to be the "primary hikikomori" without a comorbid psychiatric disorder.
T592 255345-255613 Epistemic_statement denotes Multiple logistic regression was used to explore the association between the lifetime experience of "hikikomori" and childhood risk factors; social class, parental psychopathology, parents' child rearing style, and other adverse events during a respondent's childhood.
T593 255867-256187 Epistemic_statement denotes Father's high educational level (OR=6.0, CI=1.6-22.9), mother's common mental disorders (OR=6.5, CI=1.1-38.0), and mother's panic disorders (OR=6.6, CI=1.1-39.1) were significantly and positively associated with the experience of "hikikomori" after controlling for respondents' sex, age, and history of mental disorders.
T594 256188-256287 Epistemic_statement denotes Significant associations were not found for parents' child rearing styles or childhood adversities.
T595 256288-256418 Epistemic_statement denotes Our findings suggest that "hikikomori" cases are more likely to occur in families where the parents have high levels of education.
T596 256419-256570 Epistemic_statement denotes Maternal panic disorder may influence the development of "hikikomori" among children, possibly due to reactions of children to their mothers' disorder.
T597 257304-257610 Epistemic_statement denotes The paper concludes by reviewing recent literature on mental health in Japan in order to hypothesize about whether Japanese psychiatry will move away from relying so heavily on families and towards psychopharmacological treatments as the dominant method and perceived "cure" for addressing psychopathology.
T598 257611-257805 Epistemic_statement denotes Objective: To prospectively study the development of socioeconomic health differences in the Netherlands and to investigate possible explanations for socioeconomic variation in childhood health.
T599 258164-258456 Epistemic_statement denotes Possible explanatory lifestyle determinants (breastfeeding, smoking during pregnancy, smoking in the first 3 months and the use of day-care facilities) and biological determinants (maternal age at birth, birth weight and older siblings) were analyzed using General Estimating Equations (GEE).
T600 259025-259155 Epistemic_statement denotes Background: Several studies have shown that social capital in terms of social participation and trust are linked to better health.
T601 259156-259260 Epistemic_statement denotes However, there are few studies on the effect of community interventions attempting to benefit from this.
T602 260320-260404 Epistemic_statement denotes However, mental health improved significantly among individuals born outside Sweden.
T603 260405-260461 Epistemic_statement denotes This seemed to be mediated by social capital components.
T604 260693-260826 Epistemic_statement denotes Mental health improved among individuals born outside Sweden, which may have been mediated by improvement of bridging social capital.
T605 260827-260946 Epistemic_statement denotes Depression and obesity are the among the most common health problems globally and may share common social determinants.
T606 260947-261190 Epistemic_statement denotes Social integration is suggested to protect adults from ill health; this study examines whether the protective effect of social integration is seen longitudinally and is present in the case of the cooccurrence of depression and central obesity.
T607 262121-262276 Epistemic_statement denotes Working full time at age 42 was less likely to be associated with depression at age 45 even along with central obesity, but not with central obesity alone.
T608 262442-262791 Epistemic_statement denotes Although considered a confounder rather than an explanatory variable, it is worth noting that psychological ill health at age 33 was linked to depression at age 45 in men and women; however, the degree of the association is greater when central obesity is present, confirming the complex mechanism of co-occurrence of depression and central obesity.
T609 262792-262935 Epistemic_statement denotes It appears employment, may protect middle aged adults against comorbid depression and central obesity through its relationship with depression.
T610 264244-264331 Epistemic_statement denotes It will have a stronger emphasis on microenterprise development and financial literacy.
T611 265125-265340 Epistemic_statement denotes Introduction: It has been well documented that socioeconomicallydisadvantaged groups are more likely to be overweight/obese than their more-advantaged counterparts (this trend is seen more consistently among women).
T612 265341-265437 Epistemic_statement denotes These differences may be due (in part) to socioeconomic differences in weight-control behaviors.
T613 265789-265919 Epistemic_statement denotes Results: Socioeconomically-disadvantaged participants were less likely to report engaging in weight-control in the past 12 months.
T614 266205-266312 Epistemic_statement denotes 0.41-0.98) were less likely to report trying to lose weight and/or avoid weight gain in the past 12 months.
T615 266313-266468 Epistemic_statement denotes There were no significant differences between socioeconomic groups in engaging in potentially health-promoting or health-damaging weight-control behaviors.
T616 266469-266590 Epistemic_statement denotes Conclusion: Socioeconomic differences in weight status may be due to differences in engaging in weight-control behaviors.
T617 266591-266734 Epistemic_statement denotes However among those who do wish to maintain or lose weight, there are no socioeconomic differences in the nature of the strategies they employ.
T618 266735-266992 Epistemic_statement denotes Background: Previous studies may have underestimated the contribution of unhealthy behaviours to social inequalities in mortality because of the assessment of health behaviours at only one point in time, resulting in a failure to capture long-term exposure.
T619 266993-267354 Epistemic_statement denotes Methods: This study used 4 repeated assessments of smoking, alcohol consumption, diet and physical activity over 24 years of follow-up to examine their role in mediating the association between socioeconomic position, measured using occupational position, and mortality from all-causes and specific causes in 9 590 men and women aged 35 to 55 years at baseline.
T620 267565-267836 Epistemic_statement denotes For all-cause mortality, this association was attenuated by 42% (95% Confidence Interval (CI) 21%, 94%) when health behaviours assessed at baseline were entered into the model and by 72% (95% CI 42%, 154%) when health behaviours were entered as time dependent covariates.
T621 268048-268163 Epistemic_statement denotes There was no association between occupational position and cancer mortality so no further analyses were undertaken.
T622 268476-268609 Epistemic_statement denotes Conclusions: Health behaviours may be a more important explanatory mechanism for inequalities in mortality than previously estimated.
T623 268702-268943 Epistemic_statement denotes In this paper we analyse the utilisation of ante-natal care services under the public health system of South Africa in order to inform policy concerned with equity of access about factors associated with the distribution of current services.
T624 269363-269583 Epistemic_statement denotes The results indicate that more marginalised women (i.e., young, unmarried, low levels of education) and those with no previous deliveries were significantly less likely to have the WHO recommended number of 5 ANC visits.
T625 269686-269785 Epistemic_statement denotes These findings show inequalities in utilisation which may suggest that inequities in access remain.
T626 269940-270059 Epistemic_statement denotes Because there is limited evidence within any one disease, such reviews do not provide strong evidence for peer support.
T627 270060-270205 Epistemic_statement denotes In contrast, a more general review of peer support across a range of health behaviors can lead to more solid conclusions about its effectiveness.
T628 270206-270369 Epistemic_statement denotes We conducted a systematic review of research on peer support for complex health behavior (e.g., cardiovascular risk reduction) across a variety of health problems.
T629 271753-271892 Epistemic_statement denotes Further evaluation of effect sizes and weighting by sample sizes and adequacy of controls will be included in presentation at the Congress.
T630 271893-272046 Epistemic_statement denotes This systematic review indicates that peer support is effective in promoting complex health behaviors across a variety of diseases and national settings.
T631 272305-272527 Epistemic_statement denotes The government of Nepal declared the free health care policy from early 2008 with a view to improve access to and utilization of health services for people who are poor, socially disadvantaged and marginalized communities.
T632 272737-272900 Epistemic_statement denotes The pro-poor health policy aims to narrow the wider gaps of disparities in health care by ensuring health equity and the rights of people to their health and life.
T633 273491-273630 Epistemic_statement denotes Results and Conclusions: The pro-poor health policy has been positively impacting on people's access to and utilization of health services.
T634 273846-274070 Epistemic_statement denotes The supplies of drugs and other logistics at health facilities are gradually improved in the rural areas where as human resources for health are still lacking and not adequate compared to the health care needs of the people.
T635 274253-274362 Epistemic_statement denotes Social support is thought to be a health protective resource, however, the underlying mechanisms are elusive.
T636 274363-274467 Epistemic_statement denotes One possible mechanism is that social support has a buffering effect on the sympathetic stress response.
T637 274468-274628 Epistemic_statement denotes The salivary enzyme alpha-amylase (sAA), reflecting the activity of the sympathetic nervous system (SNS), seems to be a promising indicator for stress research.
T638 275184-275351 Epistemic_statement denotes Higher PSS was negatively correlated with the stress response of sAA (r=-.551, p<.01) and HR (r=−.344, p<.05), but was unrelated to cortisol, SFR, and RSA alterations.
T639 275352-275509 Epistemic_statement denotes Furthermore, higher levels of PSS were negatively associated with ratings of chronic stress (r=−.384, p<.05) and habitual stress reactivity (r=−.372, p<.05).
T640 275510-275605 Epistemic_statement denotes This is the first study examining the relationship between PSS and acute sAA stress reactivity.
T641 275606-275806 Epistemic_statement denotes The results indicate that social support indeed buffers the effect of psychosocial stress on the SNS activity, and is further inversely associated with ratings of chronic stress and stress reactivity.
T642 275904-275997 Epistemic_statement denotes Music listening has been suggested to beneficially impact health via stress-reducing effects.
T643 275998-276115 Epistemic_statement denotes However, the exact mechanisms through which music exerts its positive consequences on the body are poorly understood.
T644 276116-276340 Epistemic_statement denotes It was the aim of the current study to address this gap in knowledge and to examine the underlying mechanisms of music effects across neuroendocrine, autonomous, cognitive, and emotional domains of the human stress response.
T645 276829-276958 Epistemic_statement denotes We hypothesized that listening to music prior to the stressor, compared to SW or R would result in an attenuated stress reaction.
T646 277356-277457 Epistemic_statement denotes Our findings indicate that music listening differentially impacts the psychobiological stress system.
T647 277583-277719 Epistemic_statement denotes In contrast, listening to water sound seems to result in an attenuated endocrine response to stress compared to no auditory stimulation.
T648 277720-277845 Epistemic_statement denotes Listening to music seems to increase autonomic recovery more efficiently than listening to water sound or resting in silence.
T649 277846-277926 Epistemic_statement denotes These findings bear potential to explain the effects of music on the human body.
T650 277927-278139 Epistemic_statement denotes The aim was to study if health, reaction time, and the diurnal rhythm of cortisol were negatively affected when a group of shift workers changed their work schedule from ordinary night-day shift to "swing shift".
T651 279712-279763 Epistemic_statement denotes Low vagal function is related to several disorders.
T652 279764-279919 Epistemic_statement denotes One possible underlying mechanism linking the vagus nerve and disorders is the HPA axis, although literature referring to this association is inconsistent.
T653 279920-280074 Epistemic_statement denotes The main purpose of the present study was to examine the relation between vagal function and the biopsychological reactivity to acute psychosocial stress.
T654 280698-280852 Epistemic_statement denotes The results indicate that faster or stronger CFT response is associated with reduced cortisol increase, increased mood and wakefulness after acute stress.
T655 280853-280934 Epistemic_statement denotes Our data support an inverse relationship between vagal function and the HPA axis.
T656 281044-281263 Epistemic_statement denotes As diabetic foot ulcers are characterized by chronic inflammation, it is plausible that emotional distress could delay the healing of such ulcers by upregulating and sustaining high ulcer tissue-specific levels of IL-6.
T657 281484-281649 Epistemic_statement denotes The relationship between patient self reported generalized emotional distress, foot ulcer-specific emotional responses and ulcer biopsy IL-6 levels was investigated.
T658 282357-282495 Epistemic_statement denotes These preliminary findings identify a strong link between subjective measures of emotional distress and wound specific IL-6 up-regulation.
T659 282496-282596 Epistemic_statement denotes Whether this relationship contributes to non-healing of diabetic foot ulcers is under investigation.
T660 282800-282924 Epistemic_statement denotes Such conditions are complicated and draining to live with, and successful adaptation may depend on ability to self-regulate.
T661 283022-283281 Epistemic_statement denotes Research indicates that self-regulatory strength is a limited source that can be depleted or fatigued, however, and patients with FMS and TMD may, when trying to adapt to the many demands of their illnesses, deplete or fatigue their self-regulatory resources.
T662 283894-284131 Epistemic_statement denotes However, patients in the same condition displayed similar persistence as patients and controls in the high self-regulatory condition, indicating that patients with FMS and TMD may in fact be suffering from chronic selfregulatory fatigue.
T663 284425-284694 Epistemic_statement denotes The current study shows that patients with chronic multi-symptom illnesses likely suffer from chronic self-regulatory fatigue, and that selfregulatory capacity needs to be taken into account when aiming to treat and help these patients through behavioral interventions.
T664 285741-285854 Epistemic_statement denotes Pearson's correlation coefficients were used to reveal relationships between appreciation and changes in outcome.
T665 286092-286231 Epistemic_statement denotes Correlations between appreciation and changes in illness perceptions, catastrophizing and quality of life ranged between r=.000 and r=.338.
T666 286232-286457 Epistemic_statement denotes Conclusions: Although a majority of our subjects with FM appreciated the written information about pain neurophysiology, it did not have clinically relevant effects on illness perceptions, catastrophizing and quality of life.
T667 286709-286826 Epistemic_statement denotes According to Leventhal's Common Sense Model these differences are related to the illness perceptions of these groups.
T668 287816-288165 Epistemic_statement denotes Fibromyalgia patients have a strong illness identity, perceive more symptoms (pain, fatigue, stiffness), have negative beliefs about the consequences of fibromyalgia, their faith in treatments is low and they do not understand their fibromyalgia and associated symptoms, they have a strong belief in the chronic and cyclical nature of the condition.
T669 288670-288806 Epistemic_statement denotes Assessing illness perceptions therefore seems useful for diagnostic and therapeutic decision making in patients with chronic conditions.
T670 290747-290834 Epistemic_statement denotes CBT has the potential to improve well-being among patients with cronic widespread pain.
T671 291093-291298 Epistemic_statement denotes An evidence-base exists of theoretically-informed behaviour change techniques for weight loss, however, in routine practice, doctors more commonly use theoretically-unfounded communication strategies (e.g.
T672 291320-291482 Epistemic_statement denotes It is not known if the current focus on communication skills teaching during undergraduate training adequately prepares future doctors for this growing challenge.
T673 291483-291670 Epistemic_statement denotes Objectives: To examine 1) what behaviour change techniques medical trainees use to facilitate behaviour change in obese patients and 2) how this impacts on patient behavioural intentions.
T674 292868-292997 Epistemic_statement denotes Psychological interventions are known to be effective in other pain disorders and therefore could be a promising treatment of FM.
T675 294227-294284 Epistemic_statement denotes Higher treatment dose was associated with better outcome.
T676 294359-294528 Epistemic_statement denotes It is concluded, the effects of psychological treatments for fibromyalgia are promising and comparable to those reported for other pain symptoms or drug treatment in FM.
T677 294529-294624 Epistemic_statement denotes Psychological interventions of sufficient length should be included in FM treatment programmes.
T678 294625-294790 Epistemic_statement denotes Conclusions: It is suggested that current skills-based communication programmes inadequately prepare future doctors for the growing task of facilitating weight loss.
T679 295248-295487 Epistemic_statement denotes However, recent research reveals that communication training inadequately equips new health professionals for this growing clinical challenge and practitioners remain unconfident about how to discuss behavior change usefully with patients.
T680 295488-295643 Epistemic_statement denotes The study aims to explore how doctors and nurses manage behavior change and identify what barriers operate to prevent effective behavior change management.
T681 296159-296319 Epistemic_statement denotes Findings reveal that trainees and practitioners consider behavior change to be a fundamental part of medical practice, yet one they are not formally trained in.
T682 297219-297416 Epistemic_statement denotes Implementing new methods, guidelines or tools into routine care, however, is a slow and unpredictable process, and the factors that play a role in the adoption process are not yet fully understood.
T683 298604-298735 Epistemic_statement denotes Conclusion: Organizational climate and staff expectations should be assessed in advance when a new tool is to be introduced in PHC.
T684 298736-298852 Epistemic_statement denotes Explicit implementation strategy is preferable, and coincidence with major organizational changes should be avoided.
T685 298981-299161 Epistemic_statement denotes Given that uptake is less than optimal, despite the availability of no cost vaccination, there is a need to identify psychosocial factors associated with this preventive behaviour.
T686 299162-299364 Epistemic_statement denotes Applying the Common Sense Model, we first identified the illness representations associated with the acceptance and non-acceptance of the cervical cancer vaccine among young Australian women aged 18-26.
T687 299365-299569 Epistemic_statement denotes We then assessed whether information regarding the link between the viral causes of cervical cancer and the effect of the preventive vaccine can function as a facilitator of future vaccination behaviours.
T688 300107-300342 Epistemic_statement denotes Higher levels of illness coherence, identity, and perceived vaccine effectiveness, having had a Pap smear in the past, and lower beliefs in the treatment cure/ controllability of cervical cancer were associated with vaccination uptake.
T689 300343-300500 Epistemic_statement denotes Higher intentions to be vaccinated among non-vaccinated women were associated with higher levels of illness coherence and perceived risk for cervical cancer.
T690 300655-300987 Epistemic_statement denotes The identification of illness cognitions and the role of illness coherence influencing the acceptance of this vaccine adds to the paucity of information available on this underrepresented sample and provides direction for the design of future intervention strategies aimed at modifying illness cognitions to increase vaccine uptake.
T691 300988-301269 Epistemic_statement denotes Although levels of consumption of dietary fibre (DF) are high in Australia, recent evidence indicates the need for increased intakes of the lesser known fibre form, resistant starch (RS), which has been implicated in the reduction of risk of serious diet-related health conditions.
T692 301270-301413 Epistemic_statement denotes The purpose of the present study was to identify the kinds of health messages and the kinds of foods likely to be most acceptable to consumers.
T693 301797-301948 Epistemic_statement denotes Significant gender differences were found, with women found to be more fibre engaged and also more receptive than men to RS and its potential benefits.
T694 301949-302151 Epistemic_statement denotes The pattern of association between fibre engagement and self-perceived risk of serious health conditions was consistent with previous observations of changes in risk perception at different PAPM stages.
T695 302365-302612 Epistemic_statement denotes This application of the PAPM illustrates its potential usefulness as a segmentation tool for the exploitation of community engagement with a relatively familiar health concept or behaviour in the promotion of a novel, related concept or behaviour.
T696 302727-302850 Epistemic_statement denotes Intervening on more than one risk behavior simultaneously could be efficient, but the optimal goal framing remains unknown.
T697 303514-303603 Epistemic_statement denotes The Familiarity hypothesis predicted best outcome from usual dieting behaviors (↓Fat↑PA).
T698 303604-303765 Epistemic_statement denotes The Optimal Substitution hypothesis, based on behavioral economic theory, predicted best outcome from substituting healthful for unhealthful behaviors (↑FV↓SED).
T699 303766-303939 Epistemic_statement denotes The Low Inhibitory Demand hypothesis, based on Baumeister's self-regulatory strength model, predicted best outcome from minimizing demand on self-control resources (↑FV↑PA).
T700 305257-305371 Epistemic_statement denotes Background: Research has demonstrated a strong link between the built environment, health outcomes & inequalities.
T701 305372-305435 Epistemic_statement denotes Environmental elements can negatively impact lifestyle choices.
T702 307231-307423 Epistemic_statement denotes lack of trees), The worldwide increasing prevalence of overweight and obesity is a cause for concern as the overweight-related morbidity, mortality and health care costs concurrently increase.
T703 307769-307827 Epistemic_statement denotes Data could be extracted from 22 studies for meta-analysis.
T704 307990-308158 Epistemic_statement denotes Results show there is moderate quality of evidence that workplace physical activity Introduction: Risk perceptions are a key component in many health behavior theories.
T705 308159-308415 Epistemic_statement denotes However, such theories often do not differentiate between cognitive and affective risk perceptions (or the way in which they interact), and it is generally assumed that any increased risk perceptions of either type are associated with preventive behaviors.
T706 308416-308619 Epistemic_statement denotes The present study aims to differentiate between cognitive (perceived risk) and affective (worry) risk perceptions and explore their direct and interactive relationships with two health-related behaviors.
T707 309101-309275 Epistemic_statement denotes However, their interaction was significant such that those who had both the highest perceived risk and worry were the least likely to fulfill the guidelines (OR: .77, p<.05).
T708 309276-309379 Epistemic_statement denotes With respect to exercise, worry (OR=1.77, p<.01), but not perceived risk, was associated with exercise.
T709 309380-309548 Epistemic_statement denotes More importantly, the interaction was again significant, such that those high in both perceived risk and worry were the least likely to report exercise (OR=.77, p=.01).
T710 309549-309689 Epistemic_statement denotes Conclusion: Counter-intuitively, reporting both high perceived risk and high worry is associated with less exercise and produce consumption.
T711 309690-309947 Epistemic_statement denotes This research may have important implications for interventions, which often do not differentiate between targeting cognitive and affective risk perceptions and may even strive to heighten both types of risk perceptions in efforts to prompt behavior change.
T712 309948-310158 Epistemic_statement denotes In addition, this research may inform communication of risk information; optimal changes in health behaviors may be achieved when cognitive risk perceptions are lower, and affective risk perceptions are higher.
T713 310159-310311 Epistemic_statement denotes Behavioral interventions have not yet been firmly established as being efficacious for reducing nonfatal or fatal cancer or coronary disease recurrence.
T714 310312-310556 Epistemic_statement denotes Three separate randomized clinical trials using group based cognitive behavior therapy (CBT) however, have recently observed positive changes in disease endpoints in patients who had experienced breast cancer or adverse coronary disease events.
T715 311626-311841 Epistemic_statement denotes A randomized clinical trial was designed to test the hypothesis that cancer patients coping with a cancer diagnosis but receiving a psychological intervention would have reduced risk for disease progression (1994) .
T716 312875-313044 Epistemic_statement denotes Third, three relationships between treatment utilization and outcomes are noted: 1) Relaxation training was associated with both distress reduction and symptom lowering.
T717 313045-313159 Epistemic_statement denotes 2) Patients' use of assertive communication with health care providers was associated with better health outcomes.
T718 313160-313267 Epistemic_statement denotes 3) Intervention strategy use was also associated with fewer signs/symptoms and cancer treatment toxicities.
T719 313383-313698 Epistemic_statement denotes Intent to treat hazard analyses showed, as predicted, Intervention arm patients had a Psychosocial factors are independently associated with increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) morbidity and mortality, but the outcome effect of intervention for these factors on these endpoints has so far been uncertain.
T720 315099-315182 Epistemic_statement denotes A dose-response relationship between therapy attendance rate and risk was observed.
T721 315287-315414 Epistemic_statement denotes Psychosocial stress may accelerate atherosclerosis progression and worsen prognosis in women with coronary heart disease (CHD).
T722 315415-315603 Epistemic_statement denotes In Stockholm women, we found marital stress to be a stronger predictor than job stress, but behavioral interventions to reduce such psychosocial stressors in women had not been identified.
T723 316795-316885 Epistemic_statement denotes Additionally, an interactive effect of statins with behavioral intervention was suggested.
T724 317041-317141 Epistemic_statement denotes We concluded that a group-based CBT program for women with coronary disease may prolong their lives.
T725 317142-317204 Epistemic_statement denotes This effect may be independent of clinical prognostic factors.
T726 317205-317419 Epistemic_statement denotes To evaluate correlates of sexual risk behaviors associated with HIV/AIDS infection among adolescents participating in 2005 Colorado Youth Risk Behavioral Survey, since previous studies have produced mixed findings.
T727 317489-317608 Epistemic_statement denotes Multinomial logistic regression was used to evaluate relationships among dependent variables and independent variables.
T728 317713-317898 Epistemic_statement denotes Compared with females, males were more likely to initiate sex at a relatively younger age, report unprotected sex with multiple partners, and to drink alcohol before sexual intercourse.
T729 317899-318159 Epistemic_statement denotes Efforts to control the HIV/AIDS epidemic among adolescents may need to focus on targeted interventions aimed at addressing gender-and racial/ethnic-specific risk exposures among this population group, including risk behaviors linked with lifetime sexual abuse.
T730 318160-318321 Epistemic_statement denotes The need to re-examine the role of in-school HIV prevention programs to build adequate competencies among students, parents and community leaders is recommended.
T731 318658-318807 Epistemic_statement denotes Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is the most prevalent FGD and research shows a strong association between chronic stress and trauma in these patients.
T732 318808-319039 Epistemic_statement denotes Due to the increasing knowledge on psychobiological mechanisms regulating adaptive processes to stress, research focuses on functional syndromes, which seem to be associated with maladaption of biological stress regulatory systems.
T733 319359-319542 Epistemic_statement denotes Additionally, data on different biological systems like the HPA axis, pain perception, serotonergic pathways will be presented with reference to IBS and possible treatment approaches.
T734 319632-319735 Epistemic_statement denotes The physiological mechanisms between stress and gut disturbances, however, are incompletely understood.
T735 319736-319914 Epistemic_statement denotes The current studies aimed to investigate the association between different stressors and functional gastrointestinal (FGI) complaints in female IBS patients and healthy controls.
T736 320788-320896 Epistemic_statement denotes The biological results indicated that female IBS patients have intact circadian rhythmicity of the HPA axis.
T737 320897-321038 Epistemic_statement denotes However, women with diarrhea predominant IBS (IBS-D) exhibited substantially heightened cortisol at awakening and nearly no morning increase.
T738 321398-321527 Epistemic_statement denotes Conclusions: FGI syndromes, including IBS, seem to be common in apparently healthy subjects whereas female gender is a predictor.
T739 321528-321615 Epistemic_statement denotes Several naturally occurring stressors are associated with the presence of FGI symptoms.
T740 321748-321848 Epistemic_statement denotes Biological data indicate an association between basal HPA axis activity and predominant bowel habit.
T741 321849-322018 Epistemic_statement denotes Furthermore, the downregulated HPA axis reactivity in women with IBS following the laboratory stressor (TSST) suggests an attenuated sensitivity of the endocrine system.
T742 322019-322178 Epistemic_statement denotes The strong relationship between stress experience and the occurrence of IBS indicates that stress-reducing interventions may be beneficial in such individuals.
T743 324032-324167 Epistemic_statement denotes Discussion: Pain amplification and hypervigilance in IBS may be related to altered affective-cognitive modulation of the pain response.
T744 324612-324649 Epistemic_statement denotes Nutritive interventions however, e.g.
T745 325037-325264 Epistemic_statement denotes Shortterm depletion of tryptophan from food (called acute tryptophan depletion, ATD) has been shown to provoke the respective symptoms both in healthy volunteers as well as in patients, but seems to work predominantly in women.
T746 325389-325580 Epistemic_statement denotes In addition, genetic predisposition has been shown to exist that determines -among others -the effectiveness of serotoninergic interventions in patients, with drugs as well as with nutrients.
T747 325847-325945 Epistemic_statement denotes In addition, the health care impact of IBS also appears to be greater in women as compared to men.
T748 326670-326791 Epistemic_statement denotes In children, the rubric of recurrent abdominal pain (RAP) includes IBS, functional abdominal pain, and likely, dyspepsia.
T749 326881-326966 Epistemic_statement denotes The factors responsible for the divergence in prevalence after puberty are not clear.
T750 326967-327123 Epistemic_statement denotes Studies suggest that both environmental (i.e., increased risk if a parent has IBS) and gender factors (i.e., changes in hormonal milieu) likely play a role.
T751 327124-327206 Epistemic_statement denotes The incidence of IBS in both men and women appears to decrease in late middle age.
T752 327453-327664 Epistemic_statement denotes A limited number of studies indicate that premenses (days immediately preceding the onset of menses) and menses, compared with other cycle phases, are periods of increased GI symptom distress in women age 19-37.
T753 327773-327898 Epistemic_statement denotes While not extensively studied, oral contraceptives appear to modestly reduce but not eliminate GI symptoms in those with IBS.
T754 327899-328160 Epistemic_statement denotes This paper will present they hypothesis that declining or low ovarian hormone levels underlies the occurrence or exacerbations of abdominal pain/discomfort across the menstrual cycle and the perimenopause-early menopause transition in women with or without IBS.
T755 328539-328769 Epistemic_statement denotes The two first papers show that retirement was associated with a substantial decrease in fatigue, depressive symptoms, and increase in adherence to medical treatment among individuals with chronic hypertension following retirement.
T756 328866-329020 Epistemic_statement denotes The third paper shows that the association between diagnosis-specific sickness absences and sustained sub-optimal health varies by socioeconomic position.
T757 329021-329212 Epistemic_statement denotes While the association with self-rated health was significantly stronger for mental disorders than for musculoskeletal disorders in the higher grades, the inverse was true in the lower grades.
T758 329386-329556 Epistemic_statement denotes As discussant, research director Archana Singh-Manoux will highlight the methodological possibilities and challenges in understanding the long-term development of health.
T759 330551-330827 Epistemic_statement denotes In contrast, we found retirement to be associated with a substantial decrease in the prevalence of both mental fatigue (odds ratio [OR] for fatigue one year after versus one year before the retirement 0.19; 95% CI 0.18 to 0.21) and physical fatigue (OR 0.27; CI 0.26 to 0.30).
T760 331034-331275 Epistemic_statement denotes Conclusions: Retirement appears not to change the risk of major chronic diseases, but it is associated with a substantial reduction in mental and physical fatigue and depressive symptoms, particularly among participants with chronic disease.
T761 331276-331503 Epistemic_statement denotes Future research should investigate the generalisability of the findings to other countries and settings, examine the consequences of fatigue among older workers, as well as explore various possible determinants of such fatigue.
T762 331504-331653 Epistemic_statement denotes Background: Retirement is a major social transition believed to have important consequences for health, but empirical evidence remains contradictory.
T763 331654-331761 Epistemic_statement denotes The effects of retirement on the risk of specific diseases with major public health importance are unknown.
T764 331762-331989 Epistemic_statement denotes Because poor adherence to treatment can increase the risk of severe medical complications, we examined if retirement is followed by a change in the use of antihypertensive medication among individuals with chronic hypertension.
T765 333027-333446 Epistemic_statement denotes However, the improvement in adherence following retirement was significantly greater among employees with high job strain before retirement compared to the others: the mean ratio of days not covered by prescribed drugs in the post-retirement years compared to the pre-retirement years 0.58 (95% CI 0.47-0.70) in the high strain group and 0.78 (95% CI 0.71-0.87) in the low strain group (test of interaction, p= 0.0004).
T766 333447-333538 Epistemic_statement denotes Further adjustments for baseline health indicators had little effect on these associations.
T767 333827-334067 Epistemic_statement denotes Because inadequate treatment of chronic hypertension increases the risk of severe medical complications, our findings suggest that the retirement-related relief of work-stress may decrease the risk of complications in high-risk populations.
T768 334068-334348 Epistemic_statement denotes Background: Previous studies show a remarkably persistent association between sickness absence and future long-term selfrated health status for the majority of diagnostic categories for sickness absence but it is unclear whether this association differs by socioeconomic position.
T769 335429-335580 Epistemic_statement denotes However, few categories were predictive in the lower grades; mental disorders, diseases of the circulatory, genitourinary, and musculoskeletal systems.
T770 335581-335752 Epistemic_statement denotes While the association with self-rated health was significantly stronger for mental disorders in the higher grades, there was no association with musculoskeletal disorders.
T771 335893-336179 Epistemic_statement denotes The remarkably persistent association between sickness absence and future long-term self-rated health status for the majority of diagnostic categories for sickness absence was observable only in higher and intermediate grades, while for lower grade this association was less ubiquitous.
T772 337937-338136 Epistemic_statement denotes The symposium will contribute to the latest international developments and discussions in bridging between research knowledge, practice and policy making both within health care and health promotion.
T773 338478-338678 Epistemic_statement denotes Arja R Aro will describe the experiences and challenges as well as present the 1st year evaluation results of the universitymunicipality contractual collaboration in health policy planning in Denmark.
T774 338679-339064 Epistemic_statement denotes Edwin Fisher will describe models of peer support developed to support global promotion of peer support programs across differing cultures, populations, and health systems and then describe how that model is employed in global promotion efforts, focusing though at regional initiatives to demonstrate and advocate for peer support as a standard component of health care and prevention.
T775 339407-339519 Epistemic_statement denotes Academia was expected to produce research evidence for applicable and cost effective interventions and policies.
T776 339620-339700 Epistemic_statement denotes Collaboration between these different stakeholders has proved to be challenging.
T777 339701-339926 Epistemic_statement denotes The Danish model consists of 3 year contracts for junior researcher-practitioner positions, co-funded by the university and municipalities with the aim to carry out scientific projectbased research relevant to municipalities.
T778 340847-341046 Epistemic_statement denotes Challenges ahead lie in developing capacity building among all stakeholder groups; organizational barriers; development of 'service packages' including contextually tailored research information e.g.
T779 341180-341346 Epistemic_statement denotes The way we think about how health research, practice and policy inform and interact with each other dramatically shapes our efforts to improve health and health care.
T780 341498-341732 Epistemic_statement denotes Specifically, growing recognition of how systems dynamics and contextual factors affect implementation demands new models, more comprehensive comparative studies, and the development of new measures to evaluate key contextual factors.
T781 342036-342459 Epistemic_statement denotes Key dimensions along which conceptual models vary will be used to frame a discussion of recent Canadian experiences with organizational models that foster and support research applications to policy and practice, and a series of preliminary international workshops focused on the need for prospective comparative case studies to derive generalizable lessons about how best to design systems support for knowledge to action.
T782 342492-342571 Epistemic_statement denotes What are the distinct research traditions that guide conceptual models for KTA?
T783 342575-342662 Epistemic_statement denotes What is the nature and strength of the theoretical principles that underpin each model?
T784 342666-342789 Epistemic_statement denotes What is the nature and strength of the evidence related to the application of conceptual model(s) in real-world situations?
T785 342793-342877 Epistemic_statement denotes What are the important features of each model that distinguish it from other models?
T786 342881-342974 Epistemic_statement denotes How does each model address contextual factors known to influence KTA processes and outcomes?
T787 342978-343087 Epistemic_statement denotes How has each tradition developed over time as early models have been refined by the addition of new research?
T788 343091-343191 Epistemic_statement denotes What criteria might guide selection and refinement of the best model in a specific decision context?
T789 343412-343876 Epistemic_statement denotes Peer support is at once a) a very powerful influence on behavior and well being in general as well as in health, b) at least as old as primates, c) widely provided around the world through formal programs and informal channels, but d) not well articulated in the health literature, e) without a well defined state of the art, and, therefore, f) not recognized as an important part of health care, and g) not systematically available to all who may benefit from it.
T790 344050-344210 Epistemic_statement denotes A major challenge is how to develop a coherent model of peer support that is applicable across widely differing cultural, organizational, and national settings.
T791 344801-344933 Epistemic_statement denotes A second challenge is how to promote best practices in something that is as old as primates and widely implemented around the world.
T792 345243-345561 Epistemic_statement denotes Eventually, a network of networks would link peer support programs around the world, facilitating their quality improvement, helping them to achieve recognition of peer support as a key component of care through their own health systems, and, thereby, increasing their ability to reach the millions they might benefit.
T793 345562-345748 Epistemic_statement denotes In spite of promoting regular physical activity in healthy workplace, Thai employers who have been either risks of cardiovascular diseases or healthy are becoming less active physically.
T794 345875-346032 Epistemic_statement denotes The Transtheoretical Model (TTM) has been successfully applied to promote physical activity in different countries, but has been limited testing in Thailand.
T795 346704-346862 Epistemic_statement denotes The results of this study indicated that the weekly moderateintensity PA, processes of change, self-efficacy, and pros consistently increased across 5 stages.
T796 347001-347131 Epistemic_statement denotes The present study indicated that TTM may be useful to develop strategies to enhance regular PA among Thai Employers in workplaces.
T797 347132-347272 Epistemic_statement denotes Background: There is a growing body of research that has demonstrated that conscientiousness is associated with longevity and health status.
T798 347273-347431 Epistemic_statement denotes In parallel research, job strain (characterized by high job demands and low job control) has been found to be linked to increased cardiovascular disease risk.
T799 347568-347793 Epistemic_statement denotes However, little research has explored the extent to which conscientiousness may moderate the job strain-health outcome relationship and has been overly reliant on "snapshot" retrospective measurements of key health behaviors.
T800 348249-348501 Epistemic_statement denotes Results: Using Hierarchical Multivariate Linear Modeling, the results showed in individuals working in high strain jobs, conscientiousness and its facets were associated with lower fat and sugar snack intake, and higher fruit and vegetable consumption.
T801 348786-349164 Epistemic_statement denotes Conclusions: Our results show that: i) conscientiousness and its facets may directly buffer the effects of high strain on daily health behaviors and moderate the impact of daily stressors on these behaviors and, ii) the influence of conscientiousness Non-response analysis of a nationwide mail survey from Finland Response rates in health oriented survey research are declining.
T802 349165-349200 Epistemic_statement denotes The bias caused by this is unclear.
T803 349201-349389 Epistemic_statement denotes Aim: The aim of the study was to compare all-cause and disease mortality and mortality related to external causes among participants and non-participants of a large mail survey in Finland.
T804 349580-349838 Epistemic_statement denotes Individuals and Methods: Of the original sample 67588 individuals could be re-identified in registries comprising 33 446 women and 34 142 men The original sample represented the concurrent age cohorts of 20-24, 30-34, 40-44 and 50-54 years of age in Finland.
T805 351025-351240 Epistemic_statement denotes Conclusion: Non-response might bias health survey Results: However, the greatest implications probably influence how results can be generalized and not necessary results about particular risk and protective factors.
T806 351347-351410 Epistemic_statement denotes Psychobiological factors may be mediators of these differences.
T807 351411-351490 Epistemic_statement denotes The differences appear to occur as a gradient, rather than in distinct classes.
T808 351491-351636 Epistemic_statement denotes Explanations offered for these differences may be classified into two possibly interacting categories: structural factors and individual factors.
T809 351637-351843 Epistemic_statement denotes In this study we examine how individually acquired expectancies of being able or unable to handle the stressors and challenges of everyday life relate to individual health and to the socioeconomic gradient.
T810 352374-352515 Epistemic_statement denotes Multiple regression analysis revealed that coping was related to subjective SES, but could not be explained by age, gender, or objective SES.
T811 352703-352820 Epistemic_statement denotes Interpretation: The results indicate that there are systematic differences in coping across the socioeconomic ladder.
T812 352821-353016 Epistemic_statement denotes These differences are independent of objective social status and are associated with health, suggesting that psychological and learning factors contribute to the socioeconomic gradient in health.
T813 353201-353306 Epistemic_statement denotes Theory-based health communication interventions aim to increase awareness and screening for this disease.
T814 353600-353736 Epistemic_statement denotes However, instrument development initiatives have not focused specifically on disparities-affected populations such as African Americans.
T815 354025-354126 Epistemic_statement denotes Internal consistencies were modest (α=.33; α=.43, respectively) and may indicate multidimensionality.
T816 354316-354383 Epistemic_statement denotes Scores on the instruments were associated with screening behaviors.
T817 354384-354743 Epistemic_statement denotes This work is consistent with the recent special issue of Health Education and Behavior, on "Behavioral Constructs and Culture for Cancer Screening", in which it is suggested that traditional behavior change theories developed for mainstream US culture may need to be adapted when working with disparities-affected populations such as racial/ethnic minorities.
T818 354847-355066 Epistemic_statement denotes Background: Longitudinal studies are required to understand more about the complex RTW process after rehabilitation and to explore if there are different sick-leave patterns between different sociodemographic subgroups.
T819 355067-355377 Epistemic_statement denotes The aim of this study was to examine if duration of sick-leave before rehabilitation and socio-demographic factors as gender, age, medical diagnosis, and occupation predict different sick-leave patterns or RTW outcomes in a 5-year follow-up period after a 4-weeks inpatient occupational rehabilitation program.
T820 356078-356205 Epistemic_statement denotes Background: Evidence on the association between social status inconsistency (SI) and self-reported health is limited and mixed.
T821 356206-356306 Epistemic_statement denotes Moreover, only little research has been done to examine the pathway through which SI affects health.
T822 356307-356411 Epistemic_statement denotes Therefore we analysed the mediating effect of effort-reward imbalance at work (ERI) on this association.
T823 356784-356923 Epistemic_statement denotes Results: SI was significantly associated to low mental health, both directly and, consistent to our hypothesis, indirectly via low rewards.
T824 356924-357043 Epistemic_statement denotes As SI was also related to low effort, no association was found for the quotient of both scales (ERI) and mental health.
T825 357422-357572 Epistemic_statement denotes Background Bullying is a common problem at workplaces with potentially long-lasting adverse consequences for the mental health of the bullied victims.
T826 357573-357726 Epistemic_statement denotes We studied whether workplace bullying is prospectively associated with mental problems as indicated by antidepressant use among middleaged women and men.
T827 358200-358319 Epistemic_statement denotes The prescription data were individually linked to the baseline survey data for those consenting for such linkage (78%).
T828 358487-358638 Epistemic_statement denotes Results At baseline 5% of both women and men reported being currently bullied, and 19% of women and 13% of men reported having previously been bullied.
T829 358843-358942 Epistemic_statement denotes The previously bullied were also more likely to use antidepressants but somewhat less so among men.
T830 358943-359129 Epistemic_statement denotes Conclusions Victims of workplace bullying are disproportionately prescribed antidepressants, suggesting that they run the risk of developing mental problems as a consequence of bullying.
T831 359130-359287 Epistemic_statement denotes Workplace bullying is an occupational and public health issue of concern which should be tackled in order to safeguard employee mental health and well-being.
T832 359356-359414 Epistemic_statement denotes Conclusions: SI is significantly associated to ill health.
T833 359415-359605 Epistemic_statement denotes Moreover, results indicate that at least a part of this relationship is explained by low rewards at work, findings with implications for further research in job strain and health inequality.
T834 359606-359796 Epistemic_statement denotes Background: Return to work (RTW) in acutely hand-injured patients is not only influenced by biomedical determinants, but work-related and psychosocial determinants may influence RTW as well.
T835 360414-360663 Epistemic_statement denotes Accident location (Chi2:10.101; p=.001), job independence (U= 372.000; p =.021) and symptoms of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (S-PTSD) (U=257.000; p= .001) were univariately associated with RTW, and were entered in the logistic regression analysis.
T836 361081-361313 Epistemic_statement denotes Pain (r = .530; p < .001), satisfaction with hand function (r=.−.451; p<.001), aesthetics (r=−.320; p=.009), palliative coping style (r=.281; p=.022) and avoidant coping style (r=.283; p=.022) were univariately associated to S-PTSD.
T837 361455-361575 Epistemic_statement denotes Conclusion: When patients sustained their hand injury on the job, attention should be paid to RTW during rehabilitation.
T838 361576-361736 Epistemic_statement denotes Furthermore, patients should regularly be checked for S-PTSD, especially if the aesthetics of the hand are severely disturbed, or when patients experience pain.
T839 361737-361897 Epistemic_statement denotes Most working adults with low back pain (LBP) continue to work despite pain, but few studies have assessed self-management strategies in this at-work population.
T840 362914-363159 Epistemic_statement denotes To retain workers with LBP, this qualitative investigation suggests future intervention efforts should focus on worker communication and cognitions related to pain, pacing of work, and employer efforts to provide leeway for altered job routines.
T841 363324-363554 Epistemic_statement denotes Introduction of these advances through programmes of research delivered in parallel to routine screening requires consideration of the ethical issues involved and appropriate mechanisms for gaining parental consent (Pollitt et al.
T842 363756-363979 Epistemic_statement denotes Exploration of parental views on consent practices is needed to inform the debate, and specifically consider whether more flexible research protocols are needed to fit with the public perception of research in this context.
T843 363980-364157 Epistemic_statement denotes This study has been undertaken to explore the views of parents and future parents regarding information provision and consent processes for expanded newborn screening in the UK.
T844 364158-364368 Epistemic_statement denotes Focus groups (n=29) and a web-survey (n=142) were employed to capture parental experiences of routine screening, and perceptions and attitudes to an expanded screening programme which would constitute research.
T845 364369-364507 Epistemic_statement denotes The results indicate that the provision of information and informed choice for routine screening is variable and generally unsatisfactory.
T846 364790-364865 Epistemic_statement denotes Recommendations are made for how this information can be further developed.
T847 365857-366058 Epistemic_statement denotes Focus group revealed that women did not believe they were at risk for CRC and had poor knowledge of CRC prevention; they did not clearly understand the role of weight or screening in cancer prevention.
T848 366251-366368 Epistemic_statement denotes Further investigation revealed that women's time and healthcare dollars were focused on more pressing co-morbidities.
T849 366520-366735 Epistemic_statement denotes Survey data confirmed that obese women were more likely than non-obese women to agree they had too many other health costs (p=0.049) or more important health concerns that took precedence over colonoscopy (p=0.045).
T850 367011-367327 Epistemic_statement denotes Obese women were more than twice as likely as non-obese women to agree that they would not need a Purpose: To examine the preliminary efficacy of a culturally sensitive educational video in promoting mammography use among Chinese-American women (age ≥40) who had never or had not been screened in the past 12 months.
T851 367507-367627 Epistemic_statement denotes Videos, guided by the Health Belief Model, were presented in "soap opera" format, ending with physician recommendations.
T852 368964-369264 Epistemic_statement denotes Conclusions: A culturally sensitive video program is relatively efficacious in increasing mammography use over a standard intervention program for Chinese women, suggesting that cultural tailoring of intervention programs is needed to promote low screening rates of this growing immigrant population.
T853 369315-369418 Epistemic_statement denotes Treatment of obesity-related co-morbidities may take precedence over cancer prevention in primary care.
T854 369419-369522 Epistemic_statement denotes Messages which focus on prevention and screening benefits may improve healthy behaviors in obese women.
T855 369523-369690 Epistemic_statement denotes This study investigated whether differential framing of CRC risk and Fecal Occult Blood Test (FOBT) information impacted upon cancer attitudes and screening behaviour.
T856 371486-371696 Epistemic_statement denotes Overall, results suggest that providing information about the risk of CRC and the nature of the screening procedure can assist people to change their attitudes, regardless of the way this information is framed.
T857 371697-372017 Epistemic_statement denotes Although framing the message around the screening test in terms of the likelihood of not being affected by CRC combined with the advantages of using the FOBT appears beneficial in a sample of people prepared to come to a laboratory testing session, future research is required to test the generalisability of the result.
T858 372151-372249 Epistemic_statement denotes In addition, the health care impact of IBS also appears to be greater in women as compared to men.
T859 372974-373095 Epistemic_statement denotes In children, the rubric of recurrent abdominal pain (RAP) includes IBS, functional abdominal pain, and likely, dyspepsia.
T860 373185-373270 Epistemic_statement denotes The factors responsible for the divergence in prevalence after puberty are not clear.
T861 373271-373427 Epistemic_statement denotes Studies suggest that both environmental (i.e., increased risk if a parent has IBS) and gender factors (i.e., changes in hormonal milieu) likely play a role.
T862 373428-373510 Epistemic_statement denotes The incidence of IBS in both men and women appears to decrease in late middle age.
T863 373757-373968 Epistemic_statement denotes A limited number of studies indicate that premenses (days immediately preceding the onset of menses) and menses, compared with other cycle phases, are periods of increased GI symptom distress in women age 19-37.
T864 374077-374202 Epistemic_statement denotes While not extensively studied, oral contraceptives appear to modestly reduce but not eliminate GI symptoms in those with IBS.
T865 374203-374464 Epistemic_statement denotes This paper will present they hypothesis that declining or low ovarian hormone levels underlies the occurrence or exacerbations of abdominal pain/discomfort across the menstrual cycle and the perimenopause-early menopause transition in women with or without IBS.
T866 374465-374633 Epistemic_statement denotes Objective: Premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD) and the premenstrual syndrome (PMS) are psychiatric phenomena, which are associated with the menstrual cycle in women.
T867 376326-376420 Epistemic_statement denotes Conclusion: Different factors are associated with outcome depending on the treatment received.
T868 376421-376615 Epistemic_statement denotes At assessment clinicians should assess patients coping styles and may want to consider recommending CBT to those patients with IBS in primary care who are engaging in unhelpful coping behaviour.
T869 377052-377186 Epistemic_statement denotes The challenge is to find the proper diagnoses when the condition is unspecific, with many complaints, and a high level of comorbidity.
T870 377533-377675 Epistemic_statement denotes Method: Fifty-six GPs watched 10 case stories and diagnosed each case with ICPC-2 diagnosis and made decisions on whether to sick list or not.
T871 378025-378200 Epistemic_statement denotes Discussion: As expected, the Norwegian GPs did not agree on which diagnoses to use for these patients, and suggested a high number of diagnostic labels from the ICPC-2 system.
T872 378201-378362 Epistemic_statement denotes This is, in our opinion, not an indication of lack of competence in the GPs but that the systems used today are unable to classify and describe these complaints.
T873 378363-378558 Epistemic_statement denotes The high number of possible diagnoses offered by experienced GPs suggests that the conditions are composite, with a high level of comorbidity and the diagnostic system is unable to identify this.
T874 379068-379182 Epistemic_statement denotes From a total of ten possible types of adversity, the mean for women was 5.05 (SD=2.63) and 2.63 (SD=2.18) for men.
T875 379567-379748 Epistemic_statement denotes The differences between women and men in what concerns adverse childhood experiences and psychopathological symptoms suggest more adverse childhood histories for incarcerated women.
T876 379749-379865 Epistemic_statement denotes Those differences should be better explored in order to understand if a self-report effect or a fact of their lives.
T877 379866-380074 Epistemic_statement denotes This data suggest a need to take into account the adverse histories because violent behaviour can function as a coping strategy to deal with negative affect and psychopathology related to prior victimization.
T878 380075-380285 Epistemic_statement denotes Objectives: Although refugees are at an increased risk to suffer from mental disorders, as compared to other immigrants, little is known about possible differences in treatment response and service utilization.
T879 381011-381216 Epistemic_statement denotes In general, treatment response was poor for both groups; however, for longer term patients, treatment response was significantly better (44% recovery vs. 15% recovery; p<.001) for immigrants than refugees.
T880 381217-381367 Epistemic_statement denotes Typical common psychosomatic symptoms were more prevalent and associated with increased health care utilization in refugees as compared to immigrants.
T881 381368-381454 Epistemic_statement denotes Conclusions: Results suggest that treatment offered to refugees is far from effective.
T882 381455-381695 Epistemic_statement denotes There is a need to review health systems factors in order to promote cost-effective and timely mental health services for refugees, not least with the current influx of Iraqi refugees commonly suffering from mental and adjustment disorders.
T883 381696-381811 Epistemic_statement denotes We found a positive relationship between PTSD and psychopatology, health symptom and negative with quality of life.
T884 382101-382269 Epistemic_statement denotes According to these preliminary results, psychological intervention, on this population, is necessary to help veterans and their families to better cope with war trauma.
T885 382578-382728 Epistemic_statement denotes Verbal disclosure (the revelation of the traumatic events) to the social environment has been shown to have positive effects on PTSD symptom severity.
T886 382729-382818 Epistemic_statement denotes Little is known about whether this effect is moderated by the receiver of the disclosure.
T887 383841-383981 Epistemic_statement denotes Conclusion: The results provide evidence that the concrete receiver of the disclosure in the family should be taken more into consideration.
T888 383982-384043 Epistemic_statement denotes Future research on effects of disclosure should observe that.
T889 384044-384254 Epistemic_statement denotes Objective: To compare smoking rates among girls and young women in seven ASEAN countries (Cambodia, Indonesia, Lao PDR, Malaysia, Philippines, Thailand and Vietnam) and sociocultural factors associated with it.
T890 384688-384827 Epistemic_statement denotes Logistic regression analysis was used to determine sociocultural factors significantly associated with current smoking (in the last month).
T891 385258-385356 Epistemic_statement denotes For example, Malaysian female students are four times more likely to smoke if their mothers smoke.
T892 385357-385481 Epistemic_statement denotes Having close friends who smoke is another significant predictor (range between four to over ten times more likely to smoke).
T893 385482-385641 Epistemic_statement denotes Indonesian and Philippines female students exposed to tobacco advertising and promotion are twice as likely to smoke compared to females without such exposure.
T894 385642-385820 Epistemic_statement denotes The study also found that females with pro-smoking attitudes, positive image of smoking and a perception that smoking is the norm among people their age are more likely to smoke.
T895 385910-386230 Epistemic_statement denotes Conclusion: To protect girls and women as well as boys and men, all ASEAN countries should implement the WHO Framework Convention on Tobacco Control, prioritizing raising of taxes on all tobacco products, introduction of comprehensive ban on tobacco advertising and promotion and prohibition of smoking in public places.
T896 387824-388003 Epistemic_statement denotes The method will also implement laws especially in Nigeria to curb both direct and indirect advertisement of the tobacco multinationals, thereby winning more adolescents for SAATS.
T897 388004-388344 Epistemic_statement denotes CONCLUSION: Since the tobacco multinationals are recruiting more teenagers and youths everyday, thereby killing millions to make billions, efforts should be made in monitoring the tobacco industries to reduce both direct and indirect advertisement by the tobacco companies and engage more teenagers and youths in tobacco control activities.
T898 390486-390650 Epistemic_statement denotes Conclusions: Cigarette smoking among Thai youth remains the important problem and needs further tobacco control policies to prevent and control tobacco consumption.
T899 390762-390891 Epistemic_statement denotes This symposium considers the theoretical and empirical basis for these expectations and the likelihood that they may be realized.
T900 391071-391252 Epistemic_statement denotes Interpretations varied with whether genes and behaviour were conceived as health-damaging or health-protecting, suggesting a role for message framing in motivating behaviour change.
T901 391379-391709 Epistemic_statement denotes Guided by Leventhal's Common-Sense Model, Linda Cameron presents the results of an internet-based experiment assessing whether information regarding links between physiological processes underlying genetic risk, disease development, and behavior enhances beliefs motivating protective behavior and alters willingness to buy tests.
T902 391710-392064 Epistemic_statement denotes Finally, Theresa Marteau presents the results of a randomized controlled trial of using genotype to tailor nicotine replacement therapy in smokers attempting to stop, testing the hypothesis based on Leventhal's Common-Sense Model of Self-Regulation of Health and Illness that genetic risk information increases the use of medication as a coping response.
T903 392267-392445 Epistemic_statement denotes Background: Public understanding of the relationship between health behaviors and genes is likely to affect the motivational impact of learning information about one's own genes.
T904 392446-392539 Epistemic_statement denotes Extant research has featured difficulty measuring public understandings of this relationship.
T905 392540-392707 Epistemic_statement denotes This essay explores public understanding of the relationship between genes and behavior, especially with regard to the mathematical relationships to risk contribution.
T906 393106-393262 Epistemic_statement denotes In the loss frame, the majority of the population adopts an additive model of the relationship with approximately one third adopting an amplificative model.
T907 393637-393752 Epistemic_statement denotes Research is needed to identify optimal configurations for teaching and presenting this relatively complex material.
T908 393809-393954 Epistemic_statement denotes Moreover, if obesity has developed, it is difficult to control weight, and unsuccessful and disappointing weight reduction programs are frequent.
T909 393955-394149 Epistemic_statement denotes In this study we wanted to investigate whether information about the genetic background of obesity is helpful for affected people to develop realistic goals and reduce negative self-perceptions.
T910 394854-395063 Epistemic_statement denotes We conclude that consultation for obese people should include information about genetic backgrounds, especially if obesity-relevant genetic mutations are obvious, or if people have a family history of obesity.
T911 395064-395182 Epistemic_statement denotes Increasingly, individuals can buy genetic tests to identify disease risks that can be reduced through behavior change.
T912 395183-395375 Epistemic_statement denotes Given the challenges in understanding how behavior can reduce geneticallyconferred risk, there is a need to identify how to present information to optimize comprehension and adaptive behavior.
T913 395376-395626 Epistemic_statement denotes Guided by the Common-Sense Model, we tested whether information about links between physiological processes underly-ing genetic risk, disease development, and behavior enhances beliefs motivating protective action and alters willingness to buy tests.
T914 395959-396297 Epistemic_statement denotes We varied messages by risk-action link information (provision or no provision of information describing how a low-fat diet reduces cancer risk given a positive result), risk increment (20%, 50%, or 80% risk given a positive result), risk format (numeric or graphic presentation of risk increments), and test type (genetic or enzyme test).
T915 396298-396573 Epistemic_statement denotes ANOVAs revealed that providing risk-action link information enhanced beliefs of response efficacy (that low-fat diets reduce disease risk) and coherence (understanding how low-fat diets reduce risk), and lowered appraisals of anticipated risk with a low-fat diet (p's<.0001).
T916 396782-397028 Epistemic_statement denotes Brief explanations of how action can reduce biomarker-detected risks promoted beliefs motivating protective action; paradoxically, by enhancing understanding of behavioral control over the risk, they reduced the value of genetic risk information.
T917 397029-397160 Epistemic_statement denotes Despite growing interest in pharmacogenetics to tailor cessation treatment, the behavioural impact of genetic feedback is untested.
T918 397161-397309 Epistemic_statement denotes Communicating genetic information may increase medication adherence, but may also negatively impact motivation to quit if the initial attempt fails.
T919 397405-397681 Epistemic_statement denotes We tested (1) whether adherence to NRT is greater following genetic (OPRM1 genotype) compared to phenotypic (heaviness of smoking) feedback, and (2) whether smokers who relapsed showed lower motivation to make another attempt following genetic compared to phenotypic feedback.
T920 398674-398920 Epistemic_statement denotes Genetic feedback had a measurable impact on shortterm medication adherence and abstinence at 6-month follow-up compared to phenotypic feedback, and appears to offer modest improvements to medication adherence to medication, and NRT effectiveness.
T921 398921-398980 Epistemic_statement denotes This suggests potential for an important population impact.
T922 399359-399667 Epistemic_statement denotes Much of the current treatment for cancer (including surgery and hormone therapy) involves temporary or permanent impotence or urinary incontinence which would be distressing for all men but particularly for those who are invested in their sexual performance or being in control as signs of their masculinity.
T923 399668-399781 Epistemic_statement denotes Men may therefore forego treatment or delay it, leading to increasing risk of complications from prostate cancer.
T924 400012-400228 Epistemic_statement denotes They will examine the kinds of responses men have to being diagnosed and treated for prostate cancer, the type of support they seek and find useful after treatment, and the role partners can play in helping men cope.
T925 400339-400595 Epistemic_statement denotes This presentation will summarize recent findings from the literature on psychological issues related to diagnosis, the seeking of psychological support, and threats to male identity posed by treatment options that can interfere with potency and continence.
T926 400596-400964 Epistemic_statement denotes Qualitative studies, for example, point to a number of reasons why men may be diagnosed late, including a reluctance to appear weak (by reporting symptoms); embarrassment, guardedness and denial about vulnerability related to their bodies; powerlessness within the medical system, and the fear of a diagnosis that goes to the deepest core of masculinity, the prostate.
T927 401241-401351 Epistemic_statement denotes Studies contained in the review demonstrate that both men and women benefit equally from psychosocial support.
T928 401352-401594 Epistemic_statement denotes When asked, men say that they want information rather than emotional support from psychosocial oncology teams; yet in online forums, men's supportive exchanges are clearly emotional, couched in dark humor and unifying battlefield terminology.
T929 401595-401802 Epistemic_statement denotes The fact that men enthusiastically participate in emotional support offered at a distance (often anonymously) raises interesting questions about future directions for cancer support, which will be addressed.
T930 401803-402056 Epistemic_statement denotes Also of significance is mens' highly consistent reliance on partners for support during cancer treatment, a finding that points to the possible unmet needs of men who are not in secure relationships during the diagnosis and treatment of prostate cancer.
T931 402057-402205 Epistemic_statement denotes Although the psychosocial impact of cancer treatment varies across cancer patients, many experience some psychological distress following diagnosis.
T932 402415-402552 Epistemic_statement denotes The time immediately following treatment can be a critical period marked by increased feelings of fear, uncertainty, and loss of control.
T933 402553-402759 Epistemic_statement denotes Such emotional responses may be experienced as inconsistent with psychological attributes often associated with traditional gender role norms, such as strength, independence, and emotional inexpressiveness.
T934 402964-403199 Epistemic_statement denotes Drawing upon examples from the author's past and current research with men with prostate cancer, the relationship of gender-related influences on emotional approach coping efforts will be discussed within a stress and coping framework.
T935 403200-403494 Epistemic_statement denotes Emotional approach coping (EAC) refers to strategies that involve acknowledging, understanding, and expressing emotions, and has been found to be associated with decreased distress and better adjustment in breast cancer patients, though little work has examined EAC in men with prostate cancer.
T936 403495-403629 Epistemic_statement denotes Observations in healthy populations suggest that EAC varies by gender and has been linked to both better and poorer adjustment in men.
T937 403630-403845 Epistemic_statement denotes Prior research in men with cancer found that gender role norms shape EAC processes, and that the interpersonal environment and age may be important contextual variables characterizing its utility in men with cancer.
T938 404271-404459 Epistemic_statement denotes Caring for a child or adolescent with T1D can be demanding and research suggests that parents of children with diabetes are at greater risk for symptoms of depression, anxiety, and stress.
T939 404460-404689 Epistemic_statement denotes The dynamic relationship between parent emotional functioning and daily diabetes responsibilities and care is not yet well understood and parent well-being may significantly influence critical child health behaviors and outcomes.
T940 404819-404982 Epistemic_statement denotes The symposium chair will highlight developmental differences and key risk and protective factors associated with parent well-being in a chronic illness population.
T941 404983-405160 Epistemic_statement denotes Ongoing promising interventions, including interventions focusing on parenting strategies and support, parent-child communication, and internet-based support, will be discussed.
T942 405161-405310 Epistemic_statement denotes The bidirectional impact of diabetes care and parent depression, anxiety, and wellbeing is a rich area for discussion and can inform future research.
T943 405311-405463 Epistemic_statement denotes , Parental anxiety appears to be a salient factor in T1D management in young children and treatment of parent anxiety may improve child health outcomes.
T944 405464-405595 Epistemic_statement denotes The impact of anxiety on dietary management may be related to hypoglycemia fear and can provide a specific avenue for intervention.
T945 405596-405737 Epistemic_statement denotes The direction of the relationship between anxiety and A1c is not presently known yet may be better understood with the completion of the RCT.
T946 405834-406025 Epistemic_statement denotes Further, research shows mothers are often primary care givers such that maternal psychological adjustment and its relation to children's disease care management are surprisingly understudied.
T947 407041-407249 Epistemic_statement denotes However, mothers who endorsed clinically elevated symptoms also reported more fear of hypoglycemia and lower self-efficacy for diabetes tasks, although youths' metabolic control did not differ between groups.
T948 407250-407405 Epistemic_statement denotes Mothers with higher depressive scores appear able to help their youth achieve comparable levels of metabolic control as those without significant symptoms.
T949 407406-407578 Epistemic_statement denotes However, elevated depressive symptoms occurred more often in single mothers who worked full time suggesting these mothers may have less time for and help with disease care.
T950 407579-407699 Epistemic_statement denotes As youths become more autonomous maternal fears of hypoglycemia may magnify and perceptions of selfefficacy may decline.
T951 407700-407888 Epistemic_statement denotes Screening and identification of mothers with high depressive symptoms and referral for supportive counseling may help them cope better and help ensure long-term optimal youth disease care.
T952 408113-408218 Epistemic_statement denotes However, researchers have typically used self-report measures of family functioning and child adaptation.
T953 408219-408407 Epistemic_statement denotes The current study extends previous research by using observational methods to examine the relationship between maternal symptoms of depression and anxiety and specific parenting behaviors.
T954 409178-409446 Epistemic_statement denotes As demonstrated in numerous studies, psychological distress and musculoskeletal pain commonly occur together; psychological distress is associated with a poor prognosis of musculoskeletal pain; and psychological distress is prognostic for a poor response to treatment.
T955 409447-409770 Epistemic_statement denotes Research in this field is in need of better conceptual and theoretical underpinnings: the field is moving from empirical demonstrations of the impact of distress on pain towards better understanding of how psychological distress affects musculoskeletal pain and how psychological distress can be addressed during treatment.
T956 410316-410407 Epistemic_statement denotes He will discuss implications for the understanding of chronic pain and for future research.
T957 411730-411872 Epistemic_statement denotes In the final section, the strengths and limitations of current research are summarized and important directions for future research described.
T958 412033-412165 Epistemic_statement denotes Although multidisciplinary rehabilitation treatment has been shown to be effective in CWP and FM, on average effect sizes are small.
T959 412166-412304 Epistemic_statement denotes One possible area of improvement is referring those patients for treatment in whom a clinically relevant treatment effect can be expected.
T960 412305-412408 Epistemic_statement denotes To be able to do this, patient characteristics associated with treatment success need to be identified.
T961 412713-412830 Epistemic_statement denotes In general, the available evidence suggests that cognitive and emotional factors are predictive of treatment outcome.
T962 413140-413288 Epistemic_statement denotes Additionally, data will be presented from a prospective cohort study on health outcomes in CWP and FM, for which analyses are currently in progress.
T963 414417-414590 Epistemic_statement denotes Evaluation of the approach involves clinical studies at both the individual level and group level and there are promising results at both short-term and long-term follow-up.
T964 414591-414812 Epistemic_statement denotes Recent studies have focused on 1) targeting and tailoring of treatment based on screening of psychosocial factors and individual functional analyses, and 2) screening for psychosocial risk factors in telephone counseling.
T965 414813-414930 Epistemic_statement denotes An emerging research area concerns implementation of the integrated approach in general clinical practice within PHC.
T966 414931-415145 Epistemic_statement denotes Pilot work in our research group indicates that physical therapists may have greater difficulties in adopting this integrated approach than anticipated, lack of theoretical knowledge being one possible explanation.
T967 415526-415560 Epistemic_statement denotes Results are however contradictory.
T968 416321-416497 Epistemic_statement denotes Initial analyses revealed a significant attentional bias to pain-related information for whom pain was a current concern (d=0.127) in comparison with a control group (d=0.025).
T969 416987-417089 Epistemic_statement denotes In conclusion, the methodological quality of attentional bias studies is moderate and can be improved.
T970 417177-417295 Epistemic_statement denotes The implications for future research and for understandings of chronic pain, distress and suffering will be discussed.
T971 417296-417634 Epistemic_statement denotes Objectives: People who drink in a problematic or risky manner comprise a larger group than people who are alcohol dependent, yet treatment for problem drinkers is much less prevalent in the U. S. Using technological solutions to bring interventions to problem drinkers promises to make appropriate treatment options more widely available.
T972 418055-418244 Epistemic_statement denotes The goal of these studies was to investigate whether Interactive Voice Response (IVR) could serve as a useful technology for real-time assessments of stress as well as alcohol and drug use.
T973 418280-418454 Epistemic_statement denotes The first one is completed and includes 84 university students who were exposed to real-time IVR assessment three times daily during a total period of seven consecutive days.
T974 418595-418795 Epistemic_statement denotes Half of the clients, randomised, will get automatic feedback on their results and simultaneously an e-mail report will be sent to the parole officer in order to provide a basis for further processing.
T975 419158-419324 Epistemic_statement denotes IVR methodology thus offers a promising new technology for daily assessments of stress and use of alcohol and drugs in both university students and paroled offenders.
T976 419433-419658 Epistemic_statement denotes This research investigated whether public anxiety about pandemic influenza was reflected in language use in web blogs, and whether the use of anxiety words on internet blogs was related to online informationseeking behaviour.
T977 419659-419896 Epistemic_statement denotes Methods: This research examined how word usage in web blogs (in particular anxiety, health, death and positive emotion words) differed between blogs that mentioned "swine flu" and control blogs published between April 24 and May 7, 2007.
T978 420079-420180 Epistemic_statement denotes The relationship between information seeking and anxiety word use in web blogs was also investigated.
T979 420608-420814 Epistemic_statement denotes Lagged Pearson's correlations between language use and daily webpage visits three days later showed significant positive correlations between page views and use of anxiety words in web blogs (r=.76, p<.01).
T980 420815-421055 Epistemic_statement denotes Conclusions: The announcement of the H1N1 outbreak was associated with initial anxiety which decreased substantially over a two week time frame, and was found to be significantly associated with internet-based information-seeking behaviour.
T981 421056-421222 Epistemic_statement denotes The analysis of web behaviour can provide a useful indicator of the level and changing pattern of public anxiety and informationseeking following an illness outbreak.
T982 421370-421442 Epistemic_statement denotes While therapy can clear HCV in 50-80%, side effects may be debilitating.
T983 421443-421567 Epistemic_statement denotes Disclosure of HCV+ status is at the discretion of the individual, but may be precipitated by the decision to seek treatment.
T984 421568-421716 Epistemic_statement denotes The aim of this study was to determine whether patient characteristics were associated with patterns of disclosure in HCV+ people seeking treatment.
T985 422052-422213 Epistemic_statement denotes Most patients with a partner (married/de facto) disclosed to them (97%) but were less likely to disclose to anyone else, compared with other patients (p=0.0002).
T986 422214-422290 Epistemic_statement denotes Women were more likely to disclose to a friend compared with men (p=0.0063).
T987 422291-422468 Epistemic_statement denotes Younger patients were more likely to disclose to parents or siblings, while older patients were more likely to disclose to their children (Chi2 test for linear trend: p<0.0001).
T988 422469-422590 Epistemic_statement denotes Of patients with dependent children (62%), single parents were less likely to disclose to children than others (p=0.027).
T989 422591-422751 Epistemic_statement denotes In multivariate analysis, patients were more likely to disclose to at least one person (other than a partner) if they were divorced, separated or widowed (OR 6.
T990 422752-423000 Epistemic_statement denotes There is growing evidence that conscious types of perseverative cognition (PC), such as worry and rumination, can increase healthrelevant physiological parameters, and that PC may mediate the prolonged physiological effects of psychological stress.
T991 423001-423161 Epistemic_statement denotes There are, however, several indications that part of PC is unconscious and may be responsible for a considerable part of daily prolonged physiological activity.
T992 423162-423335 Epistemic_statement denotes For example, worry itself appears to be associated with prolonged physiological effects, both during nocturnal sleep and in daily life, up to two hours after worry episodes.
T993 423336-423454 Epistemic_statement denotes The existence of unconscious PC (UPC) is likely because most cognitive processes are (partly or entirely) unconscious.
T994 423455-423667 Epistemic_statement denotes Moreover, several studies using subliminal (under awareness threshold) negative emotional stimuli suggest that unconscious emotional cognition increase amongst others amygdala activity and skin conductance level.
T995 423668-423797 Epistemic_statement denotes We hypothesized that subliminal negative stimuli also increase more substantial, healthrelated parameters such as blood pressure.
T996 423798-423909 Epistemic_statement denotes Showing this would imply crucial support for the notion that UPC can have healthrelevant physiological effects.
T997 424350-424737 Epistemic_statement denotes An awareness check ascertained that no subject could consciously perceive the subliminal stimuli Results indicated that while negative words decreased systolic blood pressure marginally significantly across awareness conditions (F(1,77)=2.265, p<.10), they did so clearly and significantly in the subliminal condition (p<.05), but hardly and nonsignificantly in the subliminal condition.
T998 424918-424977 Epistemic_statement denotes The effects could not be explained by conscious PC or mood.
T999 424978-425128 Epistemic_statement denotes Concluding, the results suggest that unconscious but not (or to a lesser extent) conscious negative emotional information can increase blood pressure.
T1000 425129-425427 Epistemic_statement denotes This lends credibility to the hypothesis that unconscious emotional processing (UPC) may have physiological consequences, and warrants further studies, including real life studies, using available measures of unconscious emotion, to examine robustness and magnitude of similar effects in real life.
T1001 425502-425608 Epistemic_statement denotes Recovered persons may, however, display "biological vigilance," or physiological reactions to trauma cues.
T1002 425609-425808 Epistemic_statement denotes We examined this using measures correlated with aging-related morbidity and mortality: circulating levels of C-reactive protein and plasma interleukin-6 (IL-6), along with stimulated IL-6 production.
T1003 426778-426940 Epistemic_statement denotes In contrast, for PTSD+ women, IL-6 levels were higher at Trauma Assessment than Baseline, although this difference did not reach statistical significance (p=.16).
T1004 427071-427142 Epistemic_statement denotes These preliminary results, limited by sample size, require replication.
T1005 427143-427354 Epistemic_statement denotes Tentatively, however, the pattern suggests that women with past syndromal PTSD may be characterized by baseline IL-6 hypoarousal, along with plasma IL-6 increases in anticipation of confronting trauma reminders.
T1006 427524-427743 Epistemic_statement denotes In order to explain tinnitus related distress, the neurophysiological model predicts associations of the tinnitus signal with an activation in limbic structures in distressed compared to nondistressed tinnitus patients.
T1007 427744-427848 Epistemic_statement denotes The aim of the study was to test this hypothesis by identifying neural correlates of tinnitus annoyance.
T1008 428547-428651 Epistemic_statement denotes The effect seems to be a specific reaction to tinnitus related and not to generally distressing stimuli.
T1009 429414-429576 Epistemic_statement denotes The results show that the homicide rate in both age groups have diminished in last 30 years, however these rates are relatively high in the international context.
T1010 429577-429721 Epistemic_statement denotes Furthermore, although the male homicide rates are clearly higher in both age groups, this excess of male mortality has been notoriously reduced.
T1011 430181-430541 Epistemic_statement denotes In this context, findings suggest that if Mexican government wants to reduce the geographical disparities in youth homicide rates, needs to develop new strategies to combat drug trafficking, establish programs to restrict firearm possession, and implement structural reforms to reduce poverty, social marginalization and socioeconomic disparities among states.
T1012 430542-430750 Epistemic_statement denotes The present paper seeks to establish the prevalence and type of violence among adolescents enrolled in public high schools and to analyze the social and cultural factors associated with aggressor's condition.
T1013 431659-431928 Epistemic_statement denotes Conclusion: Before entering school the adolescent has blended a series of family experiences (interfamilial violence) and peer relationships (participation in gangs exhibiting criminal records) -that allow to forecast what could be the way of relating with schoolmates.
T1014 431929-432199 Epistemic_statement denotes Although the school becomes the new scenario where the adolescent has the opportunity to play a role already learned, in turn, this could become the field where the necessary transformation of risk behaviors and/or the learning of styles for social affront are mediated.
T1015 432641-432728 Epistemic_statement denotes Violence as an aversive situation, is expected to have an avoidance or escape reaction.
T1016 433019-433159 Epistemic_statement denotes Is it possible to identify the cognitive and social factors related to couple violence in women that are involved in a violent relationship?
T1017 433160-433226 Epistemic_statement denotes Could these factors explain women codependency with the aggressor?
T1018 433227-433349 Epistemic_statement denotes To aim these objectives, it was developed a self report inventory based on cognitive, affective, and personality theories.
T1019 434141-434201 Epistemic_statement denotes These results will help to develop programs to support them.
T1020 434273-434392 Epistemic_statement denotes In case of serious accidents, behind physical injuries, victims can develop psychological symptoms and problems s (e.g.
T1021 434982-435153 Epistemic_statement denotes PTSD symptoms were positively correlated with risk perception (rsp=.266, p<.01), dissociative experiences (rsp = .407, p <.01) and acute stress symptoms (rsp=.460, p<.01).
T1022 435352-435566 Epistemic_statement denotes Discussion: The participants in this study were victims all of victims of serious accident, and the number of subjects with PTSD is unusually high, suggesting the need for psychological evaluation and intervention.
T1023 435567-435663 Epistemic_statement denotes The predictors could be use to identify the ones that will be more disturbed after these events.
T1024 435800-435928 Epistemic_statement denotes Such emerging violence amidst rising prosperity in Malaysia is posing serious challenges to behavioural medicine and healthcare.
T1025 437325-437416 Epistemic_statement denotes Yet, women were more affected by high anxiety and pervasive fear of being victims of crime.
T1026 438044-438272 Epistemic_statement denotes Introduction: Usually, at the end of a lifestyle intervention trial, investigators present the predefined intervention strategy as well as the study Results: In practice, the intervention may not have been performed as intended.
T1027 438605-438814 Epistemic_statement denotes The purpose of this process evaluation was to evaluate the counselors' adherence to the intervention protocol, their competence, and the associations between adherence, competence and body weight at follow up.
T1028 438945-439066 Epistemic_statement denotes Counselors' competence in listening, supporting, motivating, and informing was rated by both participants and counselors.
T1029 439168-439293 Epistemic_statement denotes Associations between reach, dose, and competence, and body weight at follow-up were determined by linear regression analyses.
T1030 439665-439791 Epistemic_statement denotes Neither counselors' competence, nor number of sessions or items discussed, was significantly associated with body weight loss.
T1031 440069-440232 Epistemic_statement denotes Investigators are encouraged to report the evaluation of their intervention process, in order to improve future lifestyle interventions in research or in practice.
T1032 440518-440713 Epistemic_statement denotes Though church-based approaches have been included among these initiatives, few are "spiritually-based" in nature, using spiritual/religious themes and writings to support the core health message.
T1033 440714-440824 Epistemic_statement denotes Such an approach may increase the cultural relevance of a health communication, and perhaps even its efficacy.
T1034 441384-441678 Epistemic_statement denotes Within group analyses suggest that the spiritually-based intervention resulted in significant increases from baseline to one-month follow-up in colorectal cancer knowledge (p<.001), perceived benefits to screening (p<.001), and significant decreases in perceived barriers to screening (p<.001).
T1035 441679-441979 Epistemic_statement denotes Comparisons between the spiritually-based and non-spiritual intervention indicate that the spiritually-based intervention was more efficacious than the non-spiritual for increasing perceived benefits to screening (p<.001), while the non-spiritual was more effective for increasing knowledge (p<.001).
T1036 442113-442307 Epistemic_statement denotes These findings suggest that the spirituallybased and non-spiritual approaches to health communication may have different impacts depending on the outcome and demographic subgroup being examined.
T1037 443090-443248 Epistemic_statement denotes Conclusions: Based on this review we argue that knowledge of humor should be imparted to care givers as a potential therapeutic tool in the field of medicine.
T1038 443485-443680 Epistemic_statement denotes Using information technology (IT) has great potential to support self-management programs and assist patients to fulfill their goals in managing their conditions more efficiently and effectively.
T1039 443681-443893 Epistemic_statement denotes Examples of different types of technology used in self-management programs that have limited research support include: text messages, telephone followup, web-based programs, and other internet-assisted education.
T1040 443894-444090 Epistemic_statement denotes But little is known about the applicability and feasiability of different forms of technology for patients with chronic diseases such as those with type 2 diabetes and critical cardiac conditions.
T1041 444091-444270 Epistemic_statement denotes Furthermore, although there is some evidence of the benefits of using IT in supporting self-management programs, further research on the use of IT in such programs is recommended.
T1042 444882-445111 Epistemic_statement denotes Previous research has identified two important user reactions to Internet-based health behaviour interventions: users trust in an intervention and the extent to which users respond to the intervention as if it were a person (e.g.
T1043 445134-445376 Epistemic_statement denotes The aim of this study was to examine how these user reactions might be linked to users' engagement with five specific design features of the 'Internet Doctor', an Internet-based intervention to promote the self-care of cold and 'flu symptoms.
T1044 445891-446077 Epistemic_statement denotes These reactions appeared to be linked to differences in user engagement with four of the five design features (social context and support; visual appearance; credibility; and tailoring).
T1045 446628-446739 Epistemic_statement denotes Different user reactions were hence associated with different types of engagement with the same design feature.
T1046 446976-447237 Epistemic_statement denotes Objectives: The aim of this study is to investigate the influence of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), peritraumatic dissociation, psychological distress and subjective health complaints in the psychological well-being of the emergency ambulance personnel.
T1047 447558-447796 Epistemic_statement denotes Results: The results indicated that ambulance personnel have on average some PTSD symptoms, while 10% have a clinical diagnosis of PTSD, peritraumatic symptoms are also significant, as well as psychological distress and health complaints.
T1048 447797-447911 Epistemic_statement denotes Correlational analyses indicated a negative significant association between symptoms and psychological well-being.
T1049 449166-449437 Epistemic_statement denotes Objectives: To investigate the hydration status of expatriate workers during summer in a range of works as large numbers of expatriate workers are employed as manual labourers in industries under extreme heat stress conditions where heat illness is a significant concern.
T1050 449438-449595 Epistemic_statement denotes The aim was to ascertain whether the generally inadequate hydration status, is also an issue in these workers and make practical recommendations for control.
T1051 450782-450921 Epistemic_statement denotes Unhealthy behaviour, and especially alcohol consumption, has been considered a source of accidents and injuries among construction workers.
T1052 450922-451028 Epistemic_statement denotes However, unhealthy behaviour can also be seen as a result of the safety and risk conditions of these jobs.
T1053 451461-451650 Epistemic_statement denotes Results: It supports the hypothesis of unhealthy behaviour as a result of safety and risk factors through the mediating effect of the experience of tension (Chi-square=4.507, df=2, p=.212).
T1054 451651-451905 Epistemic_statement denotes This model not only corroborates the stressful nature of exposure to risk and the absence of supervisors' safety response, but it also makes it possible to consider injuries as a cause of tension that, in turn, affects the employees' unhealthy behaviour.
T1055 451906-452064 Epistemic_statement denotes that included questions on the effort and reward at work, overcommitment, physical health, and a range of other social, demographic and behavioral indicators.
T1056 452225-452338 Epistemic_statement denotes Cox regression modeling was used to estimate the association between ERI, overcommitment and all-cause mortality.
T1057 452830-453015 Epistemic_statement denotes Conclusions: Stress at work expressed by effort-reward imbalance and overcommitment is related to all-cause mortality in these three middle-age Central and Eastern European populations.
T1058 453016-453121 Epistemic_statement denotes Throughout the course of a person's labour force participation, bouts of unemployment may be experienced.
T1059 453122-453303 Epistemic_statement denotes Studies have examined the relationship between single bouts of unemployment and psychological well-being as well as single and multiple bouts of unemployment with life satisfaction.
T1060 453397-453449 Epistemic_statement denotes Specifically, whether people became sensitized, i.e.
T1061 455007-455192 Epistemic_statement denotes A test for linear trend was significant for both males and females; however differences between reactions became smaller with each unemployment period for males, but larger for females.
T1062 455480-455610 Epistemic_statement denotes Females, however, experienced sensitization in that response increased with each bout of unemployment (trend test p-value<0.0001).
T1063 455611-455747 Epistemic_statement denotes The findings suggest that males are able to adjust to multiple unemployment bouts while females' psychological well-being becomes worse.
T1064 455748-455943 Epistemic_statement denotes A questionnaire survey regarding the factors affecting duration of untreated psychosis was conducted among 346 members of the association of family of psychosis patients in Mie Prefecture, Japan.
T1065 458625-458764 Epistemic_statement denotes Knowledge of who breastfeeds and the challenges to breastfeeding scored the lowest with 54.5% and 46.4% respectively scoring less than 50%.
T1066 458840-459091 Epistemic_statement denotes T tests showed scores relating to positioning and attachment, difficulties, challenges, support and total scores were significantly higher for those who had received training within the last year whereas no differences were found by length of service.
T1067 459418-459566 Epistemic_statement denotes This poster will detail how collaboration among primary care and mental health services at one VA has evolved into a successful integration program.
T1068 459719-459953 Epistemic_statement denotes Quantitative data will be presented regarding our universal suicide/homicide risk screening practice in primary care, our substance use co-integration initiative, and our integration project to address diabetes, HTN, and dyslipidemia.
T1069 460055-460423 Epistemic_statement denotes Four indicators of efficiency will be offered: (1) promptness of mental-health consultant availability, (2) market penetration (i.e., what percentage of patients seen are new patients), (3) brief visits to ensure rapid availability, and (4) efficient/ cost-effective utilization of specialty mental health resources (e.g., psychiatry, psychology, social-work clinics).
T1070 460702-460833 Epistemic_statement denotes These efficiency/cost-effectiveness markers offer an indication of whether a patient was appropriately triaged within primary care.
T1071 462346-462610 Epistemic_statement denotes The results lend support to the conservation of resources theory and emphasize the importance of dynamic conceptualization of psychosocial resources in the stress process: resource losses and gains form an important mediational path between life stress and health.
T1072 462611-462770 Epistemic_statement denotes The results also suggest that resource gains can compensate or buffer the negative effects of life stress on health even in the case of increasing life stress.
T1073 462771-462972 Epistemic_statement denotes The medical experience of intensive care unit (ICU) is associated with many negative conditions such as isolation, loneliness, immobility or dependence, which have significant impact on patient status.
T1074 463170-463399 Epistemic_statement denotes Taking into account this fact and the importance of quality of life related to health, the aim of this study was to evaluate the differences in perception of quality of life reported by patients before and after admission to ICU.
T1075 463985-464206 Epistemic_statement denotes Different studies of insight in schizophrenia have led to inconsistent findings and conflicting results alternatively stating that acknowledgement of one's mental illness is a detriment and a key to successful adaptation.
T1076 464207-464557 Epistemic_statement denotes Objective: This cross-sectional study investigates the relationship between illness denial in schizophrenia and its influence on frequency of hospitalization and relapse, as well as the way insight relates to other important variables, such as depression, quality of life and optimism, patient's social context and available support system in Romania
T1077 464558-464735 Epistemic_statement denotes Methods: All patients diagnosed with chronic schizophrenia (DSM-IV-R), and having a history of relapse and admitted in a six month period were asked to participate in the study.
T1078 465111-465310 Epistemic_statement denotes Results: The patients who had insight had also reduced optimism, a high rate of perceived stress, these being associated with a high frequency of hospital admissions and with a lower quality of life.
T1079 465385-465475 Epistemic_statement denotes These findings were associated with higher optimism, and a lower rate of perceived stress.
T1080 465583-465747 Epistemic_statement denotes Conclusion: We could advance the premise that the incapacity to benefit from this higher insight is due to the poor quality of the supporting system in our country.
T1081 465748-465929 Epistemic_statement denotes It is vital to be able to connect the capacity of "being aware" that the patient has, with a proper supporting system and social context, in order to obtain a maximum of efficiency.
T1082 465930-466170 Epistemic_statement denotes Background and purpose: Despite a recent increase in the attention given to improving communication of chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients' decision-making (Murray, et al., 2009 ), understanding of patients view is still lacking in Japan.
T1083 467499-467643 Epistemic_statement denotes In this descriptive study, we will demonstrate therapeutic processes of clinical cases of maladaptive patients with moderate mental retardation.
T1084 467984-468178 Epistemic_statement denotes The aim of this descriptive study is to show some of the examples of inventive approaches which thought to be helpful to the progression of the therapies for the patients with a mental handicap.
T1085 469117-469243 Epistemic_statement denotes Discussions: In order to maintain the therapy relationships and prevent drop out, three approaches listed above seemed useful.
T1086 469244-469397 Epistemic_statement denotes Approach (1) may enable therapists to manage negative feelings toward patient which are often underestimated in the case of patient with mental handicap.
T1087 469398-469530 Epistemic_statement denotes Approach (2) may give patients the room for privacy and it may also enable to observe and approach family problems at the same time.
T1088 469531-469702 Epistemic_statement denotes Approach (3) may set strong therapeutic framework which enables both patients and therapists to realize small progresses that have been achieved through course of therapy.
T1089 470696-470887 Epistemic_statement denotes A focus group guide ensured consistency between groups and covered participants' response to the MOMS Project as well as their perceptions and recommendations about recruitment and retention.
T1090 471355-471741 Epistemic_statement denotes Discussion: Specific recommendations that emerged from the focus groups include recruiting in trusted venues, employing a persistent and encouraging recruiter who is sensitive to stigma issues, ensuring acceptability of recruitment materials through field-testing, ensuring social benefits of the intervention are immediate, and providing programs that are highly salient and practical.
T1091 471742-471985 Epistemic_statement denotes Methods: Since the time interval between exposure to HIV and the development of AIDS is close to 10 years, it is likely that these young adults were exposed to HIV when they were teenagers; this has rendered many of them homeless and hopeless.
T1092 471986-472072 Epistemic_statement denotes A study should be conducted in Ibadan Nigeria for the homeless youths living with HIV.
T1093 472073-472182 Epistemic_statement denotes This study will determine the knowledge, attitudes and behaviours of homeless youths regarding HIV infection.
T1094 472183-472291 Epistemic_statement denotes Self administered semi structured questionnaire would be administered by 70% of the homeless youth with HIV.
T1095 472292-472386 Epistemic_statement denotes A focus group discussion will also be used to get responses from parents/ siblings of victims.
T1096 472387-472514 Epistemic_statement denotes Results: This method will creatively educate, sensitize and enforce behavioral change among the homeless youth living with HIV.
T1097 472515-472695 Epistemic_statement denotes Percentage of homeless youth with HIV in Ibadan Nigeria would also be revealed, it will also reveal various means through which the victims are affected with HIV in Ibadan Nigeria.
T1098 472979-473057 Epistemic_statement denotes This will reduce numbers of homeless youths living with HIV in Ibadan Nigeria.
T1099 473178-473291 Epistemic_statement denotes Factors associated with non-disclosure include stigma, fear of rejection, fear of violence, and privacy concerns.
T1100 473292-473493 Epistemic_statement denotes In work with populations at risk for HIV, psychopathy (a personality characteristic associated with antisocial behavior and egocentrism) has been associated with substance use and sexual risk behavior.
T1101 473494-473597 Epistemic_statement denotes Little work has explored associations between psychopathy, disclosure, and risk in HIV-positive adults.
T1102 474179-474448 Epistemic_statement denotes Higher psychopathy scores were associated with higher rates of having sex after drinking (rho=0.20), having sex after using drugs (rho=0.24), the number of sexual partners (rho=0.13) and unprotected vaginal and anal sex acts in the past 3 months (rho=0.13; all ps<.05).
T1103 474449-474574 Epistemic_statement denotes Higher psychopathy scores were also associated with lower intentions to use condoms with future partners (rho=−0.22, p<.001).
T1104 474575-474674 Epistemic_statement denotes Findings suggest that psychopathy is associated with risk behavior among HIVpositive men and women.
T1105 474675-474751 Epistemic_statement denotes Disclosure of HIV status has the potential to help reduce the spread of HIV.
T1106 474752-474877 Epistemic_statement denotes Interventions focused on increasing disclosure need to take into account associations between psychopathy and non-disclosure.
T1107 474878-474967 Epistemic_statement denotes No studies were found that assessed the emotional impact beyond 18 months post-infection.
T1108 475324-475643 Epistemic_statement denotes Results: Early study variables that emerged included "worry about infecting others," "elevated emotional distress," "changes in mood," "symptoms of acute stress disorder," "feelings of stigmatization," and "psychiatric complications," such as the presence of psychotic symptoms (possibly secondary to steroid toxicity).
T1109 476496-476624 Epistemic_statement denotes Longer term follow-up to determine the course of SARS patients' psychological status will help to guide treatment interventions.
T1110 476625-476726 Epistemic_statement denotes This, in turn, will help to inform the needs for future emergent, possibly similar, viral infections.
T1111 476727-476855 Epistemic_statement denotes Background: Vitality is related to health and is characterised by a perceived energy level, feelings of fatigue and feeling fit.
T1112 476856-476929 Epistemic_statement denotes These subjective factors can be positively affected by physical activity.
T1113 476930-477071 Epistemic_statement denotes Since vigorous physical activity is strongly related to aerobic fitness (VO2max), it is hypothesised that VO2max is related also to vitality.
T1114 477072-477195 Epistemic_statement denotes Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the association between vitality and estimated VO2max in older workers.
T1115 477196-477404 Epistemic_statement denotes Methods: Participants (n=427) How should one measure the effect of interventions to reduce sick leave, which survey methodology and study designs should one use and what statistical methods should be applied?
T1116 477405-477596 Epistemic_statement denotes Various designs provide different information and quality of information, and this should be put in a perspective in the analyses and in the interpretation of the results from available data.
T1117 477597-477630 Epistemic_statement denotes Depending on how an outcome (e.g.
T1118 477830-478005 Epistemic_statement denotes Using multi-state models, one can exploit more of the data available in the evaluation of interventions to reduce sickness absence or the effect after rehabilitation programs.
T1119 478730-478881 Epistemic_statement denotes The product of severity and duration can be used to obtain a total score (0 -90) indicating the degree of health problems (absence of positive health).
T1120 478882-479032 Epistemic_statement denotes The SHC inventory include 5 Subscales (flu, pain, allergy, anxiety and gastrointestinal) and a total health complain score is possible to get as well.
T1121 479743-479786 Epistemic_statement denotes No suggestions were made by pilot subjects.
T1122 481101-481223 Epistemic_statement denotes And in case studies, expressed emotions, insight, self-awareness were suggested as significant indicators of this therapy.
T1123 482485-482562 Epistemic_statement denotes Furthermore, it can be applied to RLT as a supporting tool for understanding.
T1124 483708-483819 Epistemic_statement denotes The positive predicted value is 0.33, the negative predictive value is 0.97 and positive likelihood ratio is 6.
T1125 483820-483854 Epistemic_statement denotes 3, negative likelihood ratio is 0.
T1126 483963-484064 Epistemic_statement denotes The validity of depression diagnosis in this study is good but it needs comprehensive interpretation.
T1127 484065-484177 Epistemic_statement denotes It seems that even though the sensitivity is above 0.50 ,the questions are more specific to diagnose depression.
T1128 486349-486436 Epistemic_statement denotes These results suggest that the client became able to cope with the problems and stress.
T1129 486525-486658 Epistemic_statement denotes A limitation of self-reports for disease symptoms is recall bias including retrospective distortions of the respondents' experiences.
T1130 486659-486856 Epistemic_statement denotes To overcome this concern, ecological momentary assessment (EMA) and the day reconstruction method (DRM) have recently been used, but the validity of these methods has not been objectively examined.
T1131 486857-487011 Epistemic_statement denotes Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the validity of EMA and DRM by using physical activity level (PAL) as an objective external criterion.
T1132 487582-487920 Epistemic_statement denotes Multilevel modeling showed that the association between depressive mood recorded with time-based EMA and PAL averaged over 60 minutes around EMA recording was significantly negative (p= 0.002); however, depressive mood recorded with episode-based EMA and DRM had no association with PAL averaged over the period of corresponding episodes.
T1133 487921-488006 Epistemic_statement denotes As for fatigue, none of the methods showed significant association with averaged Pal.
T1134 488007-488171 Epistemic_statement denotes These results suggest that time-based EMA might have the validity against the objective PAL when assessing depressive mood in contrast to episode-based EMA and DRM.
T1135 488172-488417 Epistemic_statement denotes Though averaged PAL alone failed to confirm the validity of all three methods used in this study as assessment of fatigue, incorporating other PAL measures than a simple average might distinguish the validity of them and need to be investigated.
T1136 488758-488921 Epistemic_statement denotes To develop a short version to measure self-efficacy for social participation was possible to use the instrument easily for people with severe mental illness (SMI).
T1137 489979-490254 Epistemic_statement denotes The short version of the Self-Efficacy for Social Participation for People with Psychiatric Disabilities scale has potential as a reliable and valid scale for measurement of self-efficacy of people who are afflicted with severe mental illnesses and who live in the community.
T1138 490255-490366 Epistemic_statement denotes Fibromyalgia syndrome (FMS) is a disease of unknown pathogenesis characterized by chronic musculoskeletal pain.
T1139 490367-490543 Epistemic_statement denotes FMS also includes other symptoms like poor quality sleep, morning stiffness, fatigue, anxiety, depression and altered endocrinological responses, but findings are inconsistent.
T1140 490544-490794 Epistemic_statement denotes The aim of the present study was to investigate free salivary cortisol levels, urinary catecholamines (noradrenaline, adrenaline and dopamine), heart rate, self-reported pain, and psychological features in FMS patients compared with healthy controls.
T1141 491872-492029 Epistemic_statement denotes Results support the hypothesis of a dysfunction in the regulation of the stress systems in FMS patients, and increased pain perception and sleeping problems.
T1142 492030-492156 Epistemic_statement denotes Emerging evidence suggests that immersive Virtual Reality (VR) distraction is an efficacious intervention for procedural pain.
T1143 492157-492260 Epistemic_statement denotes VR distraction offers an alternative to pharmacological treatments that may cause adverse side effects.
T1144 492261-492420 Epistemic_statement denotes Although VR distraction has been demonstrated to be effective in laboratory and clinical settings, the method by which it works to combat pain remains unclear.
T1145 492421-492508 Epistemic_statement denotes McCaul and Malott (1984) hypothesize that pain processing requires conscious attention.
T1146 492509-492597 Epistemic_statement denotes A highly immersive distractor should leave less attention available for pain processing.
T1147 492598-492718 Epistemic_statement denotes This study examined whether a VR head-mounted display helmet increases the analgesic effects of interactive distraction.
T1148 493866-493970 Epistemic_statement denotes Further research is needed to determine whether these results could be replicated in a clinical setting.
T1149 494278-494414 Epistemic_statement denotes The efficacy of medication therapy needs to be balanced against potential side effects, including the risk of neurocognitive impairment.
T1150 494948-495047 Epistemic_statement denotes Results indicate a slight decline in weekly pain ratings (NS) and a modest drop in pupil size (NS).
T1151 495388-495571 Epistemic_statement denotes Taken together, results suggest that older adults suffering from chronic non-malignant pain do not experience significant decrements in cognitive functioning in response to methadone.
T1152 495572-495686 Epistemic_statement denotes This may be consistent with findings of improved cognition with improved pain control observed in younger samples.
T1153 495687-495918 Epistemic_statement denotes Aim of investigation: There is limited knowledge about vulnerability factors for pain in fibromyalgia (FM), but low education, hereditary influences and mood are known, while contextual triggers and personality factors are dubious.
T1154 495919-495977 Epistemic_statement denotes Our aim was to study how FM pain differed in two contexts.
T1155 497402-497620 Epistemic_statement denotes We reported the possibility of improving IBS pathophysiology by passive abdominal muscle stretching as indicated by chromogranin A (CgA), a biochemical index of the activity of the sympathetic / adrenomedullary system.
T1156 497621-497807 Epistemic_statement denotes Although the degree to which patient intervention in the areas of exercise, and management of daily activity can improve symptoms of IBS through healthier lifestyle behaviors is unknown.
T1157 497827-497859 Epistemic_statement denotes (2010) 17 (Suppl 1):S1-S329 S157
T1158 497860-498047 Epistemic_statement denotes The aim of this study was to determine the effects of intervention to non-patient with IBS on the short and long term outcomes, and the association between physical exercise and symptoms.
T1159 498608-498724 Epistemic_statement denotes Spearman rank correlations were used to assess the association between psycho-physiological data and symptom scores.
T1160 499076-499197 Epistemic_statement denotes The findings of this study could be used as a reference for intervention, education, and physical health policies in IBS.
T1161 499198-499338 Epistemic_statement denotes Fibromyalgia is one of the chronic pain syndrome most prevalent worldwide, but there are serious doubts about its origin and its causes yet.
T1162 500080-500212 Epistemic_statement denotes We proposed conceptualizing disability, or activity limitations, as behavior and integrating biomedical and behavioral determinants.
T1163 500585-500807 Epistemic_statement denotes Two weeks before surgery, 342 orthopedic patients with chronic pain (most having arthritis) completed a questionnaire assessing impairment and activity limitations plus SCT variables (Self-Efficacy and Outcome Expectancy).
T1164 500808-500930 Epistemic_statement denotes One year after surgery, when both impairment and activity limitations were reduced, 228 completed the questionnaire again.
T1165 500931-501124 Epistemic_statement denotes We imposed the statistical models found in our previous study (before and after surgery) using structural equation modelling, with NNFI, CFI, RMSEA fit indices) to predict activity limitations.
T1166 501808-501930 Epistemic_statement denotes CORRESPONDING AUTHOR: Marie Johnston, PhD, Health Psychology, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, AB; m.johnston@ abdn.ac.uk
T1167 501931-502131 Epistemic_statement denotes The purpose of this study was to conduct an in-depth exploration of potential mediators of change in children's physical activity and the feasibility of strategies targeting these potential mediators.
T1168 502304-502510 Epistemic_statement denotes Common mediators of physical activity were identified from the literature and behavioural theories and a semi-structured interview explored the potential mediators of change in children's physical activity.
T1169 502661-502702 Epistemic_statement denotes fear of the unknown and competitiveness).
T1170 502703-503013 Epistemic_statement denotes Most of the potential strategies were seen to be feasible; however, differing views existed among children, parents and teachers.These findings will inform the development of effective strategies for promoting children's physical activity by identifying the most appropriate potential mediators to be targeted.
T1171 503014-503197 Epistemic_statement denotes The purpose of this study was to investigate whether degrees of self efficacy (SE) are associated with physical activities or psychological factors after self-monitoring intervention.
T1172 504113-504195 Epistemic_statement denotes It should be noted that this pilot study was conducted without a follow up period.
T1173 504196-504317 Epistemic_statement denotes In the future, we need to examine whether self-monitoring intervention effects physical activities in a follow up period.
T1174 504847-505054 Epistemic_statement denotes While regular exercise has been shown to be beneficial and is recommended as part of patient selfcare, little is known regarding intention to initiate, alter, or maintain exercise in this patient population.
T1175 506210-506366 Epistemic_statement denotes These findings suggest that strategies designed to improve exercise self-efficacy, reduce exercise barriers and emphasize the functional and emotional (i.e.
T1176 506367-506534 Epistemic_statement denotes stress reducing) health benefits associated with physical activity may be useful for patients with SpA who are less motivationally ready to engage in regular exercise.
T1177 506627-506918 Epistemic_statement denotes If it were possible to decrease the cognitive load associated with deciding to exercise, it might be easier to adhere to a regular exercise routine, as it becomes an automatic activity that does not require decision making; this type of behavior would be termed by theorists to be a "habit."
T1178 506919-507106 Epistemic_statement denotes However, empirical evidence is lacking as to whether those individuals who have successfully instituted a regular exercise routine have such aspects of "habit" in their behavior patterns.
T1179 507327-507631 Epistemic_statement denotes The present exploratory study surveyed a sample of individuals (n= 176) who attended a fitness club in a metropolitan area using the SRHI (with a 7-point Likert scale), as well as objective questions about regularity of behavior (frequency and constancy of time, place, and weekly and seasonal patterns).
T1180 507706-507870 Epistemic_statement denotes Even though this sample was presumed to represent regular exercisers, it was notable that there was a substantial subsample whose scores on the SRHI were quite low.
T1181 508010-508184 Epistemic_statement denotes Low-SRHI participants exercised significantly fewer days per week (p<0.001) and their exercise patterns were more likely to change seasonally than high-SRHI scorers (p<0.05).
T1182 508185-508351 Epistemic_statement denotes However, the groups did not differ in regularly of time (p=0.52), location (p=0.14), specific exercise behavior (p= 0.41), or weekly consistency of exercise (p=0.36).
T1183 508352-508568 Epistemic_statement denotes Correlational and Fisher's exact test analyses suggested that individuals who demonstrated constancy on one objective measure of habit were likely to score high on other objective measures of habit as well (ps<0.05).
T1184 508569-508818 Epistemic_statement denotes Findings suggest that subjective self-concept of "habit" may not strongly correspond to all objective measures of consistency of behavior, and that only some individuals performing regular exercise behavior do so through a habit formation processes.
T1185 509216-509324 Epistemic_statement denotes The paper applied this theory to examine differences in decision processes of novices and experts in biking.
T1186 509325-509585 Epistemic_statement denotes It was hypothesized that experts, who rely on gist processing and less on knowledge, will use fewer information dimensions, reach unequivocal decisions with starker separations among categories, yet make high-quality decisions (as compared to a gold standard).
T1187 510758-510995 Epistemic_statement denotes Several theories, such as the Self-Determination Theory (SDT) and the Cognitive Evaluation Theory (CET), have been developed to explain exercise behavior and the influences of intrinsic motivation on performance (Fredrick & Ryan, 1995) .
T1188 510996-511137 Epistemic_statement denotes Some studies have suggested that competitive environments fostered by social facilitation enhance performance on motor tasks (Zajonc, 1965) .
T1189 511138-511255 Epistemic_statement denotes It was hypothesized that a personality factor, such as competitiveness could influence the effect of social presence.
T1190 511907-512085 Epistemic_statement denotes Social facilitation appears to interact with an exerciser's level of competitiveness such that it could enhance or detract from exercise goals, depending on the desired outcomes.
T1191 512229-512408 Epistemic_statement denotes Introduction: Data available in the literature show that children in daycare centres spend most of their time in sedentary activities that could have an incidence on their health.
T1192 512409-512728 Epistemic_statement denotes To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to use a combination of theoretical frameworks (theory of planned behaviour, theory of interpersonal behaviour, process model on ease of retrieval) to identify psychosocial factors underlying the intention of daycare workers to make children aged 3 to 5 years move.
T1193 512729-512864 Epistemic_statement denotes It is important to study intention, because findings of meta-analyses indicate that this variable is the best determinant of behaviour.
T1194 513553-513925 Epistemic_statement denotes Findings: Preliminary findings obtained among 37 daycare workers from 15 daycare centres indicate that perceived behavioural control (b=.35), subjective norm (b=.26), perceived moral obligation (b=.23), attitude (b=.20) and the regularity with which daycare workers perceive they make children (b=.14) move explain 87% of the variance in intention F (5,31) = 51.23, p=.00.
T1195 513938-514117 Epistemic_statement denotes These preliminary findings indicate that a large part of the intention of daycare workers to make children move can be explained by factors in the theoretical frameworks selected.
T1196 514118-514253 Epistemic_statement denotes These factors could eventually be used to develop an intervention aimed at improving or consolidating the intention of daycare workers.
T1197 514254-514322 Epistemic_statement denotes However, the findings first need to be confirmed in a larger sample.
T1198 514323-514499 Epistemic_statement denotes It has been documented that global attitudes are very poor predictors for outcomes of singular behavioral responses toward a given psychological object (Ajzen and Cote, 2008) .
T1199 514500-514617 Epistemic_statement denotes In addition to the psychological object, we must also know its underlying factors; chiefly action, context, and time.
T1200 514618-514907 Epistemic_statement denotes When trying to assess an attitude toward a health behavior, it is important to specify as many of the details surrounding the health behavior as possible, otherwise the attitude may be too generalized, or global, to be predictive of actual engagement in the health behavior under question.
T1201 514908-515214 Epistemic_statement denotes In this two-year multi-site, randomized trial, 75 participants (mean age=78.99; SD=8.49) were enrolled and assessed using the Theory of Planned Behavior (Ajzen, 2007) to help determine how personality, disposition toward health behaviors, and environment affect a person's choice to engage in cybercycling.
T1202 515215-515505 Epistemic_statement denotes However, many of the measures used in the Cybercycle Study help to assess only global attitudes towards exercising and health behaviors, and for this reason we decided to develop our own measure specifically tailored to the act of cybercycling, called the Cybercycling Attitudes Test (CAT).
T1203 515506-515784 Epistemic_statement denotes Our hypothesis is that the CAT would lead participants to take into account the previously mentioned factors of action, context, and time while completing the questionnaire, such that it would be more predictive than the other measures for successful engagement in cybercycling.
T1204 515785-515933 Epistemic_statement denotes We aim to demonstrate the reliability and validity of the CAT, as well as to offer suggestions for replication in future behavioral health research.
T1205 515934-516092 Epistemic_statement denotes We hope that our results will add to the literature in suggesting more stringent development criteria for future measures assessing health behavior attitudes.
T1206 516093-516325 Epistemic_statement denotes INTRODUCTION: Exercise has been shown to have a significant impact on cognitive function in older adults and it is thought to offset declines in cognitive performance with advancing age (Colcombe et al., 2004; Larson et al., 2006) .
T1207 516326-516499 Epistemic_statement denotes Exercise has also been shown to increase nutrient supply to capillaries, to decrease neuronal death and to promote an overall better cognitive health (Kramer et al., 2007) .
T1208 516500-516663 Epistemic_statement denotes Nevertheless, very little research has been done to clarify the impact of exercise on the brain using neuroimaging techniques such as electroencephalography (EEG).
T1209 517128-517251 Epistemic_statement denotes RESULTS: It is hypothesized that a single bout of exercise will enhance cognitive function, especially executive functions.
T1210 517252-517398 Epistemic_statement denotes It is expected that there will be a significant relationship between the performance on executive functions and the power of Alpha and Beta waves.
T1211 517589-517717 Epistemic_statement denotes Of particular concern, is Alzheimer's which is on the rise bringing devastating social and economic impacts (Brookmeyer, 2007) .
T1212 517718-517911 Epistemic_statement denotes It is hoped that the potential neurophysiological and neuropsychological benefits of interventions such as exercise can be further clarified and utilized in the fight against cognitive decline.
T1213 517912-518078 Epistemic_statement denotes BACKGROUND: Differences in characteristics between respondents and non-respondents to an objective physical activity assessement survey could indicate selection bias.
T1214 518079-518224 Epistemic_statement denotes The aim of this study was to identify the demographic and lifestyle characteristics of respondents to accelerometry in a field-based mail survey.
T1215 519440-519574 Epistemic_statement denotes CONCLUSIONS: The response pattern in this study reveals potential for selection bias in mail-based accelerometry surveillance studies.
T1216 519670-519891 Epistemic_statement denotes Understanding which exercise prescriptions are best suited for increasing adherence and exercise levels in previously sedentary adults is critical for efforts to enhance wellbeing through exercise program recommendations.
T1217 519892-520349 Epistemic_statement denotes Improvements in psychological wellbeing have been found with short (15-minute) exercise bouts, and it is possible that a regimen involving short bouts of exercise in a day is superior to one involving a single, long bout of exercise in a day because: (1) the anxiety-reducing effects of any single exercise bout reportedly last 4 to 6 hours, and (2) adherence may be greater because participants find it easier to fit short bouts into their daily schedules.
T1218 521350-521555 Epistemic_statement denotes These findings support that a 15 minute twice daily prescription may yield greater exercise participation in previously sedentary adults, relative to a regime involving less frequent, longer bout sessions.
T1219 521556-521640 Epistemic_statement denotes This enhanced exercise participation may, in turn, promote psychological well-being.
T1220 521657-521804 Epistemic_statement denotes Selfefficacy is one type of control belief in the model, and personality factors may also play a role in predicting behavior (Ajzen & Cote, 2008) .
T1221 521805-521973 Epistemic_statement denotes This study examined self-efficacy, along with competitiveness and frustration intolerance as two personality factors that may influence older adults' exercise behavior.
T1222 522531-522730 Epistemic_statement denotes Although this area has been the topic of some research, certain respiratory disorders, such as sleep apnoea and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), have received more attention than others.
T1223 523565-523729 Epistemic_statement denotes This subjective/objective disparity poses potential challenges for diagnosis and treatment of insomnia and adds complexity to our conceptualization of the disorder.
T1224 523730-523960 Epistemic_statement denotes Insomnia is most common, severe, and impairing in adults over 60 years of age (Lichstein, 2004) and additional impairments may be present in older adults with insomnia that is comorbid with other psychiatric or medical conditions.
T1225 523961-524371 Epistemic_statement denotes This population is also at particular risk for making inaccurate subjective impressions of their insomnia symptoms due to a higher endorsement of unrealistic sleep expectations or worry over the effect of compromised sleep on daytime functioning (Morin, 1993 Introduction: Shift workers' sleep is restricted to 4-5 h a day for several days in association with consecutive early morning shifts and night shifts.
T1226 525932-526039 Epistemic_statement denotes This metacognitive effect of sleep restriction may play a role in an increased accident risk in shift work.
T1227 526040-526199 Epistemic_statement denotes Recovery sleep after sleep restriction seems to restore the relationship between subjective performance estimates and actual performance to its baseline level.
T1228 526957-527205 Epistemic_statement denotes Results showed that higher religiosity was associated with the following: greater perceived barriers to both breast cancer awareness and mammography screening, reduced confidence in breast self awareness, and less perceived benefits in mammography.
T1229 527369-527475 Epistemic_statement denotes Good breast cancer awareness was associated with higher perceived benefits and lower barriers as expected.
T1230 527476-527674 Epistemic_statement denotes Examination of the predictors of intention to self-examination showed that higher body image and educational level had a positive impact on confidence, although no direct relationship to intentions.
T1231 528600-528763 Epistemic_statement denotes Spearman's rank correlation analysis, using MMSE as an external standard, revealed a significant correlation between MMSE and the TTCC results (ρ=0.58, p< 0.0001).
T1232 529152-529283 Epistemic_statement denotes Thus, we believe the TTCC shows great potential for use as an AD screening test by a general practitioner in communities worldwide.
T1233 530254-530388 Epistemic_statement denotes Conclusions: As this was an African-American study sample, desire to support research as a primary participation reason is noteworthy.
T1234 530701-530807 Epistemic_statement denotes We will add to these data through the analysis of responses from 896 individuals targeted for recruitment.
T1235 531278-531395 Epistemic_statement denotes Here's How" and reassemble to answer questions about their preference and acceptability of the CRC screening options.
T1236 532301-532401 Epistemic_statement denotes Latino/Hispanic participants also identified potential strategies to overcome each reported barrier.
T1237 532402-532615 Epistemic_statement denotes These finding suggest that a targeted CRC screening intervention utilizing a physician-recommended home fecal immunochemical test with instructions is preferred among Latino/Hispanics over a non-targeted approach.
T1238 532616-532734 Epistemic_statement denotes African Americans are more likely to be diagnosed with, and to die from, colorectal cancer (CRC) than any other group.
T1239 532735-532830 Epistemic_statement denotes Approximately half of CRC deaths could be prevented if screening were consistently implemented.
T1240 532977-533226 Epistemic_statement denotes The aims of this study were to: 1) examine distribution across stages of readiness to screen for CRC among African American primary care patients; and 2) determine whether demographic and health belief variables predict stage of readiness to screen.
T1241 533906-533975 Epistemic_statement denotes The aim of this study is to present the content validity of the tool.
T1242 534255-534398 Epistemic_statement denotes As suggested by Polit, Tatano Beck and Owen (2007), an I-CVI of at least .75 was used to conclude about the relevance of a given clinical sign.
T1243 535147-535238 Epistemic_statement denotes It appears that education is a more robust predictor of physiologic CRF compared to income.
T1244 535239-535472 Epistemic_statement denotes Given that education may reflect status prior to migration (Average Age at Migration=39 years), the interaction between status and physiologic indicators of health may be important to assess throughout the lifespan in future studies.
T1245 535473-535600 Epistemic_statement denotes It is also possible that Education has a higher range than income with almost 80% of the sample earning less than $30,000/year.
T1246 535676-535820 Epistemic_statement denotes Results: In the US sample, education, household income and SSS were significantly and inversely associated with psychological distress (p<0.05).
T1247 536190-536514 Epistemic_statement denotes Conclusions: While a linear association between any social class indicator and psychological distress was observed in the US, the association between subjective social class and psychological distress seems U shaped in Japan, probably reflecting the fact that those with high education or low income had a higher prevalence.
T1248 536527-536758 Epistemic_statement denotes Despite a number of papers on the FCTC negotiation process and final text, there have not been attempts to test the usefulness of treaty process by quantifying its global impact on the adoption of domestic tobacco control policies.
T1249 536759-537103 Epistemic_statement denotes This paper suggests that the negotiation process provided a platform for increased communication and international learning through which tobacco control information spread to many countries; and that this simultaneous learning process accelerated the adoption of internationally promoted tobacco control policies by countries around the world.
T1250 538193-538341 Epistemic_statement denotes All characteristics, with the exception of total and male smoking prevalence, were significantly associated with the number of policy types adopted.
T1251 538354-538515 Epistemic_statement denotes This study suggests that investments in formal international legal processes can be effective and appropriate, even when the outcomes are unclear from the start.
T1252 538630-538804 Epistemic_statement denotes However, there remains the need to improve outreach and diffusion to lower-income countries in the area of tobacco control, and likely other areas of chronic disease control.
T1253 538940-539088 Epistemic_statement denotes The unemployed might have lower socioeconomic status (SES), thus have poor mental health, and difficulty in seeking help for mental health problems.
T1254 540288-540553 Epistemic_statement denotes The proportion of those who sought help for mental health problems was not significantly different between the two groups; however, as a reason of the delay in seeking help, the unemployed more tended to concern "how much money the treatment would be cost"(p=0.07).
T1255 540554-540718 Epistemic_statement denotes Conclusions: The unemployed were at lower SES, had poor physical and mental health status, and delayed their help seeking because of their concern on treatment fee.
T1256 540719-540850 Epistemic_statement denotes Backgrounds and purpose Limited evidence has been available for regional socio-economic status (SES) and health in Asian countries.
T1257 540851-540947 Epistemic_statement denotes Whether regional SES influences individual cause-specific risk of death remained to be examined.
T1258 540948-541087 Epistemic_statement denotes The aim of this multilevel study is to evaluate whether regional SES influences cause-specific mortality independently from individual SES.
T1259 541983-542080 Epistemic_statement denotes Regional SES indicators were associated with risk of mortality independently from individual SES.
T1260 542283-542426 Epistemic_statement denotes This multilevel study showed that SES of municipalities has independent influence on risk of mortality among individuals living in these areas.
T1261 542427-542508 Epistemic_statement denotes Not only individual but also regional SES could be social determinants of health.
T1262 542509-542617 Epistemic_statement denotes Introduction: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is associated with high morbidity and mortality rates in the U.S.
T1263 542618-542697 Epistemic_statement denotes Negative associations between CVD and socioeconomic (SES) are well established.
T1264 542698-542881 Epistemic_statement denotes Socioeconomic status, generally defined by factors such as income, education and occupation, can be measured subjectively via-self report using a scale representing a ten rung ladder.
T1265 542987-543165 Epistemic_statement denotes Vital exhaustion (VE) is another risk factor associated with CVD and is characterized by feelings of excessive fatigue and demoralization, as well as in increase in irritability.
T1266 543166-543285 Epistemic_statement denotes To our knowledge, socioeconomic differences, both subjective and objective, with respect to VE, have not been explored.
T1267 543286-543394 Epistemic_statement denotes Therefore, the current study examined the associations between subjective SES and VE among cardiac patients.
T1268 543470-543577 Epistemic_statement denotes Nevertheless, our society seems to refuse everything that could be related to illness, suffering and death.
T1269 543720-543844 Epistemic_statement denotes The aim of this study was to analyze the main factors that could help to face the own death from young people's perspective.
T1270 544062-544197 Epistemic_statement denotes The first one assesses the aspects that could help people to die in peace, answering to eleven sentences according to a 5 points scale.
T1271 544670-544985 Epistemic_statement denotes On the other hand, the less important aspects were: "Believing in other life after death" (X=1,5; SD= 1,5), "To think that I may die at home" (X=1,8; SD=1,3), "To think that my dying process will be short in case of suffering" (X= 2,3; SD=1,4) and "Not to feel guilty about past personal conflicts" (X=2,3; SD=1,4).
T1272 546101-546228 Epistemic_statement denotes BACKGROUND: Evidence on the association between social status inconsistency (SI) and self-reported health is limited and mixed.
T1273 546229-546329 Epistemic_statement denotes Moreover, only little research has been done to examine the pathway through which SI affects health.
T1274 546330-546434 Epistemic_statement denotes Therefore we analysed the mediating effect of effort-reward imbalance at work (ERI) on this association.
T1275 546807-546946 Epistemic_statement denotes RESULTS: SI was significantly associated to low mental health, both directly and, consistent to our hypothesis, indirectly via low rewards.
T1276 546947-547066 Epistemic_statement denotes As SI was also related to low effort, no association was found for the quotient of both scales (ERI) and mental health.
T1277 547167-547306 Epistemic_statement denotes The inclusion of further risk factors (age, BMI) did not attenuate these Results: CONCLUSION: SI is significantly associated to ill health.
T1278 547307-547497 Epistemic_statement denotes Moreover, results indicate that at least a part of this relationship is explained by low rewards at work, findings with implications for further research in job strain and health inequality.
T1279 547957-548030 Epistemic_statement denotes This transition introduces new social stressors, which may impact health.
T1280 548031-548210 Epistemic_statement denotes We hypothesize that traditional individuals will feel conflicted by the shift in cultural norms toward a more nontraditional system and possibly experience symptoms of depression.
T1281 548211-548369 Epistemic_statement denotes To test the hypothesis, a group of 350 college students in Mumbai, a major metropolis of India undergoing rapid cultural change in recent years were surveyed.
T1282 548539-548709 Epistemic_statement denotes However, little is known about variables that contribute to perception of social standing other than objective SES, which is only modestly correlated with subjective SES.
T1283 548710-548816 Epistemic_statement denotes Spirituality also impacts on health and may synergistically interact with perceived SES to predict health.
T1284 548817-548900 Epistemic_statement denotes It is hypothesized that Subjective SES will correlate positively with Spirituality.
T1285 549314-549426 Epistemic_statement denotes Results indicated that objective SES and subjective SES were positively but modestly correlated (r=.20, p<.001).
T1286 549427-549653 Epistemic_statement denotes There was a negative relationship between objective SES and SWB, RWB and CHIPS (r=−.11, p<.05; -.20, p<.001; -.10, p<.05, respectively) and between subjective SES and RWB and CHIPS (r=−.12, p<.005; -.20, p<.001, respectively).
T1287 549654-549847 Epistemic_statement denotes These data indicate that high SESperceived and actual -is associated with lower engagement in prayer and relationship with a higher spiritual power and with fewer somatic symptoms than low SES.
T1288 549848-550072 Epistemic_statement denotes There was no correlation found between objective SES and EWB and subjective SES and EWB were positively correlated (r=.20, p<.001) indicating that perceived social standing is associated with life satisfaction and stability.
T1289 550073-550351 Epistemic_statement denotes These data indicate the complexity of variables that contribute to material and spiritual well-being and its interaction with health where subjectively poor people engage more in religious practice and do not experience existential satisfaction and report more somatic symptoms.
T1290 550352-550455 Epistemic_statement denotes Discussions about medical information banks may influence decisions to participate in genetic biobanks.
T1291 550456-550660 Epistemic_statement denotes Project Diversity GATHER (Group discussions Around Themes on HEalthful genetic Research) examines demographics and health care perceptions that may affect willingness to participate in genetic biobanking.
T1292 551524-551828 Epistemic_statement denotes Univariate logistic regressions noted significant relationships for race/ethnicity (OR=0.30, 95%CI=0.12-0.75), primary care physician status (OR=0.51, 95%CI=1.03-1.18), and health care system beliefs (OR=1.11, 95%CI=1.02-1.18), with gender, age, and education level yielding nonsignificant relationships.
T1293 551984-552144 Epistemic_statement denotes Participants characterized as racial/ethnic minorities or who are distrustful of the health care system may be less likely to participate in genetic biobanking.
T1294 552145-552295 Epistemic_statement denotes Our findings support previous research in this area and may help to explain why medical research often underrepresents racial/ ethnic minority groups.
T1295 552296-552458 Epistemic_statement denotes The relationship between health care distrust and unwillingness to participate in genetic biobanking highlights potential recruitment barriers in genetic testing.
T1296 552459-552589 Epistemic_statement denotes Clinicians and researchers may wish to assess and attend to distrust in patients for whom genetic testing is clinically indicated.
T1297 554155-554442 Epistemic_statement denotes Hypertension, 2010) suggest that central adiposity and heart rate account for a sizable amount of the inverse association between individual education and SBP in a French cohort: body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference explained 28% and resting heart rate, 15% of this association.
T1298 554571-554833 Epistemic_statement denotes We used data on a nationally representative U.S. sample of 15,701 young adult participants aged 24-32 years in Add Health, Wave IV, to determine whether a similar education-SBP association exists in a U.S. cohort and to examine several potential mediators of it.
T1299 554834-554963 Epistemic_statement denotes Individual education level was associated with SBP (p< 0.0001) as follows: Some high school or less, N=1212, SBP= 126.0+14.1(S.D.
T1300 555580-555725 Epistemic_statement denotes These findings replicate in a U.S. cohort the finding in a French cohort of a robust association between lower education level and increased SBP.
T1301 555726-555889 Epistemic_statement denotes In the larger Add Health sample, this association was nearly completely accounted for by BMI, race/ethnicity, gender, marital status and lifestyle characteristics.
T1302 555959-556068 Epistemic_statement denotes Natural anxiety may be aggravated by horror stories from friends or inappropriate remarks by endoscopy staff.
T1303 556069-556125 Epistemic_statement denotes Shavasan is probably the best-known relaxation exercise.
T1304 557113-557232 Epistemic_statement denotes However, data comparison in two groups showed statistically significantly difference in the heart and respiratory rate.
T1305 557292-557378 Epistemic_statement denotes Conclusion: This preliminary study shows the effect of relaxation in Shavasan posture.
T1306 557457-557607 Epistemic_statement denotes We suggest that this exercise could be applied to any other medical situations as well, which tend to generate undue psychological stress and anxiety.
T1307 557608-557815 Epistemic_statement denotes Problem: Coping resources can be of great assistance when one is placed in stressful situations because they influence whether or not the stressor is directly approached or avoided (Taylor & Stanton, 2007 ).
T1308 557816-557935 Epistemic_statement denotes This research proposes that self esteem, a key dispositional factor will reduce perceived stress for African Americans.
T1309 557936-558022 Epistemic_statement denotes Further, effective coping strategies may moderate the impact of self esteem on stress.
T1310 558023-558187 Epistemic_statement denotes This research hypothesizes that lower perceived stress will be predicted by higher self esteem and that effective coping strategies will increase this relationship.
T1311 558452-558706 Epistemic_statement denotes In addition, seeking social support(Rsquare=.15, β=.23 t=2.63 p<.01), an active coping strategy, and wishful thinking (Rsquare= .25, β =−.21 t=−2.78 p< .01), an avoidant coping strategy moderated the relationship between self esteem and perceived stress.
T1312 558707-558825 Epistemic_statement denotes Low social support seekers and high wishful thinkers showed stronger impacts of lower self esteem on increased stress.
T1313 558826-558968 Epistemic_statement denotes The coping strategy of seeking social support was not independently correlated with perceived stress but "wishful thinking" (r=.35 p<.01) was.
T1314 559094-559209 Epistemic_statement denotes The inclination to seek social support reduces low self esteem individual's perception of a situation as stressful.
T1315 559210-559344 Epistemic_statement denotes However, wishful thinking increased the likelihood that an individual with low self esteem would perceive an environment as stressful.
T1316 559345-559676 Epistemic_statement denotes These findings suggest that cognitive-behavioral prevention programs that seek to alleviate stress among African Americans who have low self esteem should emphasize the importance of creating trusted social support systems and realistically assessing the magnitude of a problem in an effort to better manage one's stress responses.
T1317 560144-560379 Epistemic_statement denotes RESULTS: After controlling for age, educational level, marital status and years of offshore work, poor mental health was found to have a significant positive association with seven of the nine identified sources of occupational stress.
T1318 560380-560705 Epistemic_statement denotes They were: conflict between job and family/ social life, poor development of career and achievement at work, safety problems at work, management problems and poor relationship with others at work, poor physical environment of the work place, uncomfortable ergonomic factors at work, and poor organizational structure at work.
T1319 560928-561053 Epistemic_statement denotes Reducing or eliminating occupational stressors at work would benefit workers' mental health in developing country like Nepal.
T1320 561054-561431 Epistemic_statement denotes There should be some meditation program, behovior change and rest for workers to reduce the occupational Health Undergoing medical procedures, such as an amniocentesis, is stressful for pregnant women because they are often in a state of heightened anxiety about the well-being of their unborn child and experience uncertainness and possibly also increased physical discomfort.
T1321 561432-561557 Epistemic_statement denotes The aim of the pilot study was to evaluate the impact of an amniocentesis during pregnancy on cardiovascular stress response.
T1322 562093-562286 Epistemic_statement denotes Furthermore, a general fatalistic control expectation attitude was associated with a smaller decrease in HR (r=.616, p=.077) and a smaller increase in RSA (r=−.735, p=.024) after the procedure.
T1323 562530-562609 Epistemic_statement denotes Furthermore, a fatalistic control conviction seems to dampen stress reactivity.
T1324 562610-562814 Epistemic_statement denotes Based on these findings, adjuvant stressprotective psychological intervention and counseling with special focus on control conviction should be considered for pregnant women undergoing medical procedures.
T1325 562815-562927 Epistemic_statement denotes Objective: Breathing control therapy may reduces emotion, but the neural underpinning of this effect is unknown.
T1326 562928-563239 Epistemic_statement denotes We induced emotion with aversive pictures in 20 subjects and using a breath control procedure to test a hypothesis that (a) Breathing control alters the visceral feedback as reflected in the insula activation (that reflects interoception), and (b) This leads to reduced fear as reflected in amygdala activation.
T1327 563647-563888 Epistemic_statement denotes Discussion: Intervention of emotion-related breathing can modulate left amygdala activation indicative of reduced fear and this effect cooccurred with altered activation at the right insula cortex indicative of altered interceptive feedback.
T1328 564344-564674 Epistemic_statement denotes Albeit the interest to verify the clinical efficacy of mindfulness practice has grown considerably in the last years, its specific psychobiological profile has been scarcely investigated, particularly with respect to the immune system, and this research does not seem to have been conducted, integratively, in clinical population.
T1329 565405-565580 Epistemic_statement denotes Therefore, these results show that mindfulness meditation may exert a significant immunomodulatory action in anxious and depressed patients, which may hold clinical relevance.
T1330 565581-565679 Epistemic_statement denotes Future studies should confirm these findings, as well as fully assess their clinical implications.
T1331 565874-566169 Epistemic_statement denotes Similarities between the neurochemical, endocrine, and behavioral consequences of immune challenge and stressors have been described frequently but the impact of immune stimulation such as lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or stressors on central or peripheral IL-1β has not been systematically explored.
T1332 566170-566427 Epistemic_statement denotes To establish whether treatment of LPS or exposure to the foot shock stress (FS) leads to a changes in central or peripheral production of IL-1β and what types of cells express IL-1β in paraventricular nucleus (PVN) and hippocampus were investigated in rats.
T1333 567054-567281 Epistemic_statement denotes Our results indicate that in brain both LPS and FS increase IL-1β but in periphery only LPS increases IL-1β and that IL-1β immunoreactivities on neuron may play an important role in the hypothalamus and the hippocampus regions.
T1334 567282-567400 Epistemic_statement denotes Heart rate variability (HRV) is largely regarded as a useful marker of cardiovascular functioning (Task Force, 1996) .
T1335 567401-567618 Epistemic_statement denotes Despite disparities in cardiovascular disease prevalence, especially hypertension, researchers have also suggested that African Americans (AA) actually display greater resting HRV compared to Whites (Li et al., 2009).
T1336 567788-567877 Epistemic_statement denotes In the present study, we sought to examine the relationships among HRV, and central (i.e.
T1337 567973-568163 Epistemic_statement denotes As part of a larger study, continuous measurements of HRV and hemodynamics were obtained for 34 AA participants (22 females, Mage=19.8, SD=2.7), during a five minute resting baseline period.
T1338 568164-568276 Epistemic_statement denotes Initial correlational analysis revealed a moderate association between resting HRV and resting CO(r=.29, p=.08).
T1339 568334-568480 Epistemic_statement denotes Interestingly, this association was stronger for AA females (r=.47, p=.02), but weaker and in the opposite direction for AA males (r=−.09, p=.79).
T1340 568481-568639 Epistemic_statement denotes Separate analyses also revealed a strong relationship between resting HRV and TPR in AA men (r=.60, p=.04), that was not observed for AA women (r=.13, p=.61).
T1341 568815-569006 Epistemic_statement denotes These results suggest that important gender differences may modify the association between autonomic nervous system activity and hemodynamic parameters associated with cardiovascular disease.
T1342 569132-569304 Epistemic_statement denotes To investigate the relationships of SOC scores to perceived health status and job stress, self-administered questionnaires were distributed 1968 workers in some industries.
T1343 570048-570377 Epistemic_statement denotes Multiple regression analysis indicated that, for both males and females, tension scores (BQJS) were inversely related to SOC scores, whereas were positively related to job load and stress by human relations assessed by BQJS (p<0.05); tension scores were also inversely related to supervisor's support and job satisfaction (BQJS).
T1344 570711-570822 Epistemic_statement denotes Perceived health was not significantly associated with SOC scores in the multiple regression analysis (p>0.05).
T1345 570823-570936 Epistemic_statement denotes It is thus suggested that SOC can reduce adverse responses to job stress(job load and stress by human relations).
T1346 570937-571057 Epistemic_statement denotes Objective: In recent years, salivary alpha-amylase (sAA) has been proposed as a reliable proxy for sympathetic activity.
T1347 571058-571258 Epistemic_statement denotes This study aimed at testing the association between sAA to a broad range of psychosocial factors, self rated health, cardiovascular risk factors and inflammatory markers in a normal population sample.
T1348 571555-571680 Epistemic_statement denotes Linear regression models were used to test associations between sAA levels and a broad spectrum of psychosocial factors (e.g.
T1349 571935-572122 Epistemic_statement denotes Results: sAA levels at awakening were positively associated with depressive symptamology (p=0.046), vital exhaustion (p=0.025) and negatively associated with sense of coherence (p=0.034).
T1350 572123-572285 Epistemic_statement denotes It was further associated positively associated with levels of C-reactive protein (p=0.024) and negatively associated with self reported general health (p=0.010).
T1351 572286-572447 Epistemic_statement denotes Samples taken just before going to bed were showing similar results, whereas samples taken 30 minutes after awakening only showed a few significant associations.
T1352 572448-572586 Epistemic_statement denotes Conclusions: The associations found give further support for the use of salivary alpha amylase as a psychoneuroendocrinological biomarker.
T1353 572587-572713 Epistemic_statement denotes Assessment just after awakening or just before going to bed seems to be more reliable than samples 30 minutes after awakening.
T1354 572714-572901 Epistemic_statement denotes Background: Depression symptom severity contributes independently to risk for recurrent cardiac events, and inflammation has been suggested as a mechanism by which this risk is conferred.
T1355 572902-573071 Epistemic_statement denotes Evidence regarding the directionality of the depressioninflammation relationship is equivocal however, and indicative of possible complex and bidirectional associations.
T1356 573337-573611 Epistemic_statement denotes C-Reactive Protein (CRP) level was also assessed at these visits, as were known correlates of depression and CRP (i.e., age, sex, body mass index, education, raceethnicity, mean arterial pressure [MAP], smoking status, history of rheumatic disease, and history of diabetes).
T1357 573612-573793 Epistemic_statement denotes Path analyses were conducted to evaluate the directionality of the depression-CRP relation and whether directionality varied by sex and/or specific symptom dimensions of depression.
T1358 574332-574570 Epistemic_statement denotes Conclusion: Cognitive-affective and total depression symptom severity at the time of a cardiac event predicted 1-month increases in CRP for both men and women, but there was no evidence that earlier CRP predicts later depression symptoms.
T1359 575788-575992 Epistemic_statement denotes Results indicated that higher scores in social network development were associated with a steeper rise in the morning (Beta=.32, t=2.24, p<.05) and a faster decline over the day (Beta=.34, t=2.38, p<.05).
T1360 576126-576255 Epistemic_statement denotes Its effect on cortisol might stem from the positivity underlying the intention, which is consistent with what prior data suggest.
T1361 576363-576569 Epistemic_statement denotes Findings of the present study suggest that the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenocortical (HPA) axis is the major pathway whereby positive psychosocial factors exert their health effects in the aging population.
T1362 577350-577503 Epistemic_statement denotes Although inflammatory activity is mostly measured in the blood, recent studies suggested that some inflammatory activity could be measured in the saliva.
T1363 578276-578348 Epistemic_statement denotes IL-6 response was moderately correlated to CRP response (r=.305, p<.05).
T1364 578349-578477 Epistemic_statement denotes These results indicated that both salivary inflammatory biomarkers are stresssensitive and could be applied for stress research.
T1365 578478-578767 Epistemic_statement denotes It has been reported that unfavourable prenatal conditions -such as prenatal maternal stress, drugs, tobacco smoking or medical complications -affect the intrauterine development of the fetus, and may be associated with an increased risk for physical and mental disorders in the offspring.
T1366 578768-578990 Epistemic_statement denotes Severe maternal stress during pregnancy affects the offspring's hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis (HPA) and may result in longterm diseases like metabolic syndrome, type 2 diabetes, hypertension or psychiatric disorders.
T1367 579041-579170 Epistemic_statement denotes We here investigated 'prenatal adversity' as a potential risk factor in the etiophathogenesis of Borderline Personality Disorder.
T1368 579171-579371 Epistemic_statement denotes We assessed whether patients with Borderline Personality Disorder experienced more pre-, peri-and postnatal adverse life events than healthy controls, and tested the predictive value of these factors.
T1369 580197-580308 Epistemic_statement denotes In particular tobacco smoking (p=.003) and medical complications (p =.006) seem to mark important risk factors.
T1370 580434-580581 Epistemic_statement denotes Our findings suggest that pre-and perinatal adversity constitute important risk factors in the etiopathogenesis of Borderline Personality Disorder.
T1371 580582-580744 Epistemic_statement denotes Background: Social conditions during childhood have been mentioned as a possible confounder in the relationship between job strain and myocardial infarction risk.
T1372 580745-580922 Epistemic_statement denotes However, stress theory also suggests that early experiences may modify the individual's vulnerability to later stress, for instance through learned helplessness or hopelessness.
T1373 580923-581255 Epistemic_statement denotes Methods: In a prospective population-based cohort (effective n= 771; 72%), we examined the association between on the one hand exposure to an adverse social environment in adolescence, measured at age 16, and job strain measured with the Demand-Control Questionnaire (DCQ) at age 43, and on the other hand allostatic load at age 43.
T1374 581639-581750 Epistemic_statement denotes Results: Adversity in adolescence was associated with higher adult allostatic load in women (β=0.170, p=0.001).
T1375 581751-582003 Epistemic_statement denotes There was also a significant interaction between adversity in adolescence and job strain in the whole cohort (β=0.081, p=0.026), indicating that the ability to cope with the demands in working life may be negatively affected by exposures in early life.
T1376 582004-582283 Epistemic_statement denotes Conclusion: Exposure to an adverse social environment in adolescence was associated with increased vulnerability to job strain in mid-life, indicating that sensitivity to stress and social inequalities in health may both be partially determined by material factors in early life.
T1377 582422-582568 Epistemic_statement denotes However, this has not been examined in HIV, nor has it been determined whether advantages of church attendance may be independent of spirituality.
T1378 582569-582783 Epistemic_statement denotes This study examined whether frequent church attendance is related to disease progression markers (CD4 and Viral Load (VL)) over time in people with HIV, and whether these effects may be independent of spirituality.
T1379 582784-582985 Epistemic_statement denotes Methods: One hundred diverse participants with HIV (men, women, African American, Caucasian, and Hispanic) answered questions about church attendance and spirituality as part of a psychosocial battery.
T1380 583065-583291 Epistemic_statement denotes Hierarchical Linear Modeling assessed whether frequency of church attendance was associated with slope changes in CD4 or VL (log) over time controlling for baseline CD4, VL, age, gender, ethnicity, education, and spirituality.
T1381 583292-583400 Epistemic_statement denotes Results: Church attendance was significantly associated with slower CD4 decline (t=3.52 p =.001) but not VL.
T1382 583484-583620 Epistemic_statement denotes Conclusions: Church attendance predicts slower CD4 decline in people with HIV, and these effects seem to be independent of spirituality.
T1383 583621-583709 Epistemic_statement denotes A discussion of why there may be benefits independent of spirituality will be discussed.
T1384 585382-585534 Epistemic_statement denotes Background: Pressman (2005) found that high levels of momentary or experiences of loneliness were associated with elevated morning and evening cortisol.
T1385 585535-585675 Epistemic_statement denotes Recently, it is thought that the salivary cortisol awakening response (CAR) can serve as a reliable marker of HPA axis to respond to stress.
T1386 585893-586031 Epistemic_statement denotes However, there are no studies that investigate the relationship between the CAR and loneliness on the work days and the weekends in women.
T1387 586032-586160 Epistemic_statement denotes The present study was to investigate the relationship between the CAR and loneliness on the work days and the weekends in women.
T1388 586499-586705 Epistemic_statement denotes Participants were instructed to collect saliva on six occasions each day: before sleep, immediately on awakening, 30 minutes after awakening, and then as near as possible to 10:00 am, 12:00 pm, and 3:00 pm.
T1389 586802-586933 Epistemic_statement denotes However, there were no significant differences in CAR on workdays between subjects with higher loneliness level and with lower one.
T1390 587077-587159 Epistemic_statement denotes Discussion: Loneliness was associated with a promoted CAR, especially on weekends.
T1391 587160-587370 Epistemic_statement denotes These results indicated that the CAR and cortisol levels on high loneliness people showed no significant differences between work days and weekends due to allsotaic load that the HPA system is always activated.
T1392 587478-587688 Epistemic_statement denotes Previous studies about memory changes associated with pregnancy showed inconsistent Results: Working memory is a type of a short-term memory that is responsible for monitoring, keeping and applying information.
T1393 587689-587839 Epistemic_statement denotes A decrease of working memory function may lead to unexpected mistakes, absentmindedness and as a result to anxiety stress and decrease in self-esteem.
T1394 588546-588625 Epistemic_statement denotes Depression and insomnia were not associated with changes of the working memory.
T1395 588626-588748 Epistemic_statement denotes Negative self-perception on Symbol-Digit Modalities Test was associated with decrease in working memory function (r=−.43).
T1396 589227-589350 Epistemic_statement denotes The aim of this study is to 1) develop, 2) evaluate, and 3) implement a weight gain prevention guideline to be used by OPs.
T1397 589703-589964 Epistemic_statement denotes Based on all sources mentioned above, the developed guideline consists of clear cut recommendations for OPs to 1) advise employers to promote employees' physical activity and diet and 2) counsel employees to adopt a physically active and healthy diet behaviour.
T1398 589965-590113 Epistemic_statement denotes Tools to implement recommendations consist of a minimal intervention strategy to counsel employees, and a scan to assess the obesogenic environment.
T1399 590349-590522 Epistemic_statement denotes Background: Health policy in the UK and the USA supports the design of health services for people with long term conditions (LTC) to be conducive to self-management support.
T1400 590523-590628 Epistemic_statement denotes The Wagner's chronic care model suggests that self-management support needs to be embedded in the system.
T1401 590629-590693 Epistemic_statement denotes Coote suggests that co-production can be applied to health care.
T1402 590694-590867 Epistemic_statement denotes It is a model in which true partnership is based on the active input of recipients in the provision of their own care however it is at best 'too flexible' to guide practice.
T1403 591218-591509 Epistemic_statement denotes Results: Clinicians and patients need to enter in a partnership, recognizing mutual expertise within a long term relationship; consultations should include discussions about self-management strategies used to develop a highly personalized solution; shared decision making should develop e.g.
T1404 591775-591988 Epistemic_statement denotes The final model will help to develop a measurement tool using the Roter Interaction Analysis System to assess co-production of health in video-recordings of real life clinician-patient consultations across the UK.
T1405 592609-592702 Epistemic_statement denotes Several studies have pointed to the impacts of the FHP on improving child survival in Brazil.
T1406 592703-592882 Epistemic_statement denotes Few studies, however, have examined the mechanisms underlying the successful delivery of services in the community, particularly from the perspectives of the health professionals.
T1407 592883-593059 Epistemic_statement denotes The goal of this study, therefore, was to evaluate the perceptions of FHP professionals of Vespasiano, Brazil on training, workplace challenges, and practices for child health.
T1408 593373-593585 Epistemic_statement denotes The results show that 92% of professionals received training in their first 12 months in the program but the majority found the training was limited in quantity, content, methods of delivery, and overall quality.
T1409 593586-593698 Epistemic_statement denotes Challenges in the workplace include insufficient government support, poor infrastructure, and lack of resources.
T1410 593699-593883 Epistemic_statement denotes In spite of these limitations, over 70% of CHWs reported promoting important health messages to caretakers and 87% of professionals were satisfied with the FHP child diarrhea services.
T1411 594029-594473 Epistemic_statement denotes Translation of this research will be important for policies and program developments to improve on the limitations and promote the strengths of the FHP in order to advance Brazil's healthcare model to address leading causes of disease among the Brazilian pediatric population Aims: Childhood maltreatment had been considered a risk factor for psychopathology and health problems, including health complaints, health risk behaviors and diseases.
T1412 594544-594735 Epistemic_statement denotes However, some authors have been discussing the validity of the associations these studies usually found suggesting that recall bias can explain the relation between maltreatment and symptoms.
T1413 594736-594966 Epistemic_statement denotes The aim of this study was to characterize current psychological and health functioning in young adults that were victims of maltreatment as children and compare the self report with official records from Child Protection Services.
T1414 595875-596181 Epistemic_statement denotes Some authors had suggested that the relation between reported childhood experiences and symptoms could be interpreted as a record bias for participants that are symptomatic in the evaluation moment, but this data does not confirm this hypothesis since there were no symptoms differences between the groups.
T1415 596182-596294 Epistemic_statement denotes Reasons for not report and relation between adversity and health should be better understood in future research.
T1416 596413-596631 Epistemic_statement denotes However, one aspect of the environment along with its related area of scientific investigation and professional application, all with clear implications for health issues, has received less attention than is warranted.
T1417 596632-596787 Epistemic_statement denotes Specifically, we are referring to Interpersonal conflict as described by Contemporary Social Conflict Theory (CSCT), which is not well known or understood.
T1418 597469-597719 Epistemic_statement denotes Conventional views of conflict limit us to consideration of the contentious CMS which has implications for health ranging from covert effects of stress from using this CMS on a regular basis to overt effects of violence that can result from this CMS.
T1419 597720-597931 Epistemic_statement denotes However, other CMS's have implications for health outcomes, raising a variety of research questions, e.g., who gets better treatment, the demanding "contentious" patient or the compliant "accommodating" patient?
T1420 598186-598379 Epistemic_statement denotes The purpose of this poster is to explicate the principles and practices of CSCT and suggest their potential practical use -especially those involving decision making activities about treatment.
T1421 598608-598672 Epistemic_statement denotes Little is known, however, about mechanisms for this improvement.
T1422 598841-598938 Epistemic_statement denotes Therefore, we hypothesized that increases in SWB may mediate reductions in PTSD symptom severity.
T1423 599639-599741 Epistemic_statement denotes Results: The hypothesis that SWB partially mediates reductions in PTSD symptom severity was supported.
T1424 600135-600364 Epistemic_statement denotes Conclusion: Findings suggest that one potential mechanism by which the mantram intervention reduces PTSD symptom severity in Veterans is by promoting beliefs about meaning and/or purpose in life and feelings of peace and harmony.
T1425 600365-600443 Epistemic_statement denotes Spiritual wellbeing may be an important factor to consider when treating PTSD.
T1426 600444-600652 Epistemic_statement denotes Only recently researchers became interested in studying the physical health consequences in adulthood that result from physically abusive experiences during childhood, but now is a promising area of research.
T1427 600653-600753 Epistemic_statement denotes The state of the art about the topic is quite interesting and researchers deal with many challenges.
T1428 600754-600920 Epistemic_statement denotes One of them is the difficulty to establish a clear relationship between the experience of physical violence and health variables, mainly due to methodological issues.
T1429 600921-601240 Epistemic_statement denotes In order to overcome this concern some epidemiological guidelines were defined, namely: major criteria (temporal relationship; biological plausibility; consistency), alternative explanations (confounding variables), other considerations (dose-response relationships; strength of association; and cessation of exposure).
T1430 601639-601726 Epistemic_statement denotes Our review revealed that results are inconclusive and mixed for all categorical groups.
T1431 601727-601960 Epistemic_statement denotes However, it seems to be a positive association between "being victim of child physical abuse" and "sexual riskbehaviors" and "alcohol consumption" in men; "physical health condition" in women; and "drug consumption" in mixed samples.
T1432 601961-602100 Epistemic_statement denotes Based on our results, we cannot draw an unambiguous conclusion between these variables and therefore this issue should be further analyzed.
T1433 602101-602218 Epistemic_statement denotes Sleep deprivation is a significant problem in the modern workplace and has negative consequences for employee health.
T1434 602219-602479 Epistemic_statement denotes This trial assessed the effects of two mental imagery techniques, one inducing implementation intentions so as to close the intention-to-action gap in sleep promoting behaviours and the other inducing relaxation so as to reduce arousal prior to going to sleep.
T1435 603865-604091 Epistemic_statement denotes Mixed modeling analyses of the daily data indicated that those using implementation intention imagery had faster times of falling asleep (p<.01) and earlier times of lights out (p<.01) compared to those not using this imagery.
T1436 604092-604247 Epistemic_statement denotes These brief, low-cost techniques appear to provide a promising alternative to the use of medication for the improvement of sleep in the general population.
T1437 604351-604450 Epistemic_statement denotes Background: RTW is a complex process, where the individual may be in multiple and recurrent states.
T1438 604451-604605 Epistemic_statement denotes The aim of this study was to describe the evolving RTW-process in a 5-year follow-up period after a 4-weeks inpatient occupational rehabilitation program.
T1439 605996-606083 Epistemic_statement denotes Conclusions: The RTW-process for long-term sick-listed individuals is long and complex.
T1440 606084-606206 Epistemic_statement denotes Despite poor RTW during the first 30 days after occupational rehabilitation, the long-term RTWprospects seem advantageous.
T1441 606368-606552 Epistemic_statement denotes Background: the influence of self-efficacy in the RTW process has been emphasized; however, a comprehensive understanding of the role of self-efficacy on RTW behavior is still lacking.
T1442 606553-606770 Epistemic_statement denotes Aim of the study is to investigate the association between self-efficacy for RTW (SERTW) and: a. the intention to change, and b. RTW status, in a cohort of injured workers with work-related musculoskeletal conditions.
T1443 607322-607455 Epistemic_statement denotes RTW status was measured based on the workers' responses to the question whether they returned to work at one-and six-month follow-up.
T1444 607766-607944 Epistemic_statement denotes RTWSE is at its peak in workers who are actively preparing to return to work, however, it decreases significantly for people who start working again on all three RTWSE subscales.
T1445 608175-608343 Epistemic_statement denotes Conclusion: a strong association between SE-RTW and Readiness for RTW stages was found, however the association between SE-RTW and RTW status was only strong for RTWSE.
T1446 608344-608525 Epistemic_statement denotes Our findings suggest that self-efficacy is more strongly associated with intention/motivation for the behavior (internalized processes of behaviour), than strictly behavioural ones.
T1447 608538-608651 Epistemic_statement denotes Self-efficacy for RTW is significantly associated to the intention to change but not to the actual behavior, i.e.
T1448 608719-608864 Epistemic_statement denotes It is at its peak in workers who are actively preparing to return to work, however it decreases significantly for people who start working again.
T1449 608868-609014 Epistemic_statement denotes Our findings suggest that self-efficacy is more strongly associated with intention or motivation for the behavior, than strictly behavioural ones.
T1450 609258-609393 Epistemic_statement denotes The aim of this study was to examine the impact of smoking on subsequent disability pensions among middle-aged public sector employees.
T1451 609519-609675 Epistemic_statement denotes Data on disability pensions were obtained from the Finnish Centre for Pensions (2000) (2001) (2002) (2003) (2004) and were linked to the questionnaire data.
T1452 610332-610407 Epistemic_statement denotes To support employees quitting smoking may prevent work disability pensions.
T1453 610558-610646 Epistemic_statement denotes However, many refugees find themselves unemployed or underemployed in their new country.
T1454 610719-610834 Epistemic_statement denotes This study focuses on the relationship between postdisplacement skills utilization among Iraqi refugees and health.
T1455 611036-611273 Epistemic_statement denotes Potential participants were referred to a Monkey Survey Link, & following consenting to the study, they responded to a survey with 34 questions concerning socio-demographic, employment, stress, psychosomatic, mental & somatic complaints.
T1456 612380-612499 Epistemic_statement denotes Background: Diverging return to work (RTW) interventions can be found in literature, designed for specific populations.
T1457 612500-612666 Epistemic_statement denotes However, no such intervention exists for patients with acute hand injuries, while these injuries can be devastating and severely influence a person's ability to work.
T1458 612796-612871 Epistemic_statement denotes However, also psychosocial and work-related factors influence RTW strongly.
T1459 613681-613846 Epistemic_statement denotes However, as SFT originates in family therapy, its principles and practices had to be translated to the problems of patients with acute hand injuries targeted on RTW.
T1460 614067-614167 Epistemic_statement denotes Examples of questioning techniques are the miracle question, scaling questions and coping questions.
T1461 614168-614301 Epistemic_statement denotes The SFT treatment ingredients were incorporated in a new intervention, consisting of one individual meeting, and four group meetings.
T1462 614364-614542 Epistemic_statement denotes Background: The association between organizational justice and workplace bullying has not yet been investigated, while the workplace atmosphere is supposed to responsible for it.
T1463 615826-616047 Epistemic_statement denotes Results: After adjustment for the covariates, high interactional justice (odds ratio 0.23, 95%Cl 0.14-0.39) and high procedure justice (odds ratio 0.21, 95%Cl 0.13-0.34) were negatively associated with workplace bullying.
T1464 616048-616236 Epistemic_statement denotes High job strain, high effortreward imbalance, low supervisor support, and low coworker support were also significantly associated with workplace bullying in an expected direction (p<0.05).
T1465 616237-616350 Epistemic_statement denotes Conclusion: Low organizational justice may be a risk factor for workplace bullying among Japanese civil servants.
T1466 616351-616460 Epistemic_statement denotes The study also confirmed that job strain, ERI, and low worksite social support were associated with bullying.
T1467 616461-616849 Epistemic_statement denotes To investigate 1) whether socioeconomic state such as income, education attainment, and occupational class are associated with employees' depression, and 2) whether occupational stress would explain the associations in Japanese working populations, we developed a cohort of employees of 3 different manufacturing workplaces and sent a self-administered questionnaire as the baseline data.
T1468 616925-617170 Epistemic_statement denotes Associations of income level (lower or higher than ¥5,000,000 of annual household income), educational attainment (lower or higher than the level of high school education) and occupational class (managerial or not) with depression were examined.
T1469 618326-618497 Epistemic_statement denotes Multivariate analyses revealed that socioeconomic indices were not associated with depression but the occupational stressors were significantly associated with depression.
T1470 618498-618636 Epistemic_statement denotes The association between occupational class and depression appeared to be explained by occupational stress, in particular, low job control.
T1471 618637-618808 Epistemic_statement denotes In conclusion, the current cross-sectional analyses in our Japanese sample did not reveal independent associations between socioeconomic state of interests and depression.
T1472 618809-618955 Epistemic_statement denotes Although the two occupational stressors were associated with socioeconomic indices differently, they were consistently associated with depression.
T1473 618956-619051 Epistemic_statement denotes Background: There is increasing evidence that chronic diseases are associated with work stress.
T1474 619052-619184 Epistemic_statement denotes The mechanisms underlying these associations remain porly understood, but disturbances in cardiac autonomic control may be involved.
T1475 619185-619334 Epistemic_statement denotes Aims: To investigate associations between work stress, in terms of job strain and job control, and heart rate variability (HRV) over the working day.
T1476 619335-619520 Epistemic_statement denotes Methods: Job strain and control was measured by the Whitehall II Study job strain questionnaire, which was developed to test Karasek's job strain hypothesis of the demand-control model.
T1477 619663-619920 Epistemic_statement denotes Results: Linear regression analysis adjusted for age, educational level, BMI, social support, smoking status, alcohol consumption, physical activity, sleep quality, working hours was used to determine the relation between job strain and job control and HRV.
T1478 619921-620149 Epistemic_statement denotes We found a significant positive relationship between job control and high frequency to low frequency ratio (HF/LF ratio) adjusted for covariates (p < 0.05) and a positive tendency with high frequency power during work (p < 0.1).
T1479 620150-620258 Epistemic_statement denotes Heart rate variability (high frequency power) after work was negatively associated with job strain (p<0,05).
T1480 620259-620455 Epistemic_statement denotes Conclusions: The results suggest that low job control and high job strain may contribute to the development of chronic disease through the dysregulation of highly integrated physiological systems.
T1481 620456-620655 Epistemic_statement denotes The findings implicate autonomic deregulation under job strain conditions, providing a powerful explanation of heart disease, as well a potential explanation of other stress-related chronic diseases.
T1482 620656-620822 Epistemic_statement denotes However, further studies are needed to explicitly demonstrate how the cardiac regulation measured by HRV serves as the cardiovascular disease pathway for work stress.
T1483 620998-621165 Epistemic_statement denotes Current research has found that new nurses may be particularly vulnerable to job stress, and that stress levels among nurses are inversely related to job satisfaction.
T1484 621166-621408 Epistemic_statement denotes Purpose: To determine if nurse resident's (NRs) sense of group cohesion and organizational commitment serve as protective factors against the negative effects of preexisting trauma and current stress on job satisfaction, burnout, and fatigue.
T1485 621738-622057 Epistemic_statement denotes A range of regression models was developed to examine the relationships between the predictor variables (pre-existing stress and current stress), the moderating variables (group cohesion and organizational commitment), and outcome variables of interest (job satisfaction, fatigue, burnout, and compassion satisfaction).
T1486 622674-622866 Epistemic_statement denotes Conclusion: Results from the study suggest that group cohesion and organizational commitment serve as protective factors against the negative effects of pre-existing trauma and current stress.
T1487 624417-624650 Epistemic_statement denotes From the quality of working life perspective, the average scores had increased but there was no significant statistical significance after the training program, however, there was a significant clinic explanation on the intervention.
T1488 624651-624815 Epistemic_statement denotes These results could provider information as supplementary for aboriginal nurse aids in-service in long-term care facilities, and to increase their job satisfaction.
T1489 624816-625145 Epistemic_statement denotes Behavioral Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan; 2 School of Psychological Science, Health Sciences University of Hokkaido, Sapporo, Japan and Objective: To examine a possible relationship between obesity, job stress, eating behavior, physical activity, and social skill in Japanese part-timers.
T1490 625626-625879 Epistemic_statement denotes The relation between obesity, job stress, eating behavior, physical activity and social skills were analyzed between 52 obese subjects (BMI≥25.0 kg/m2), 185 normal range subjects (18.5 kg/m2≤BMI<25.0 kg/m2), and 17 underweight subjects (BMI<18.5 kg/m2).
T1491 625969-626315 Epistemic_statement denotes Result: In Obese subjects, eating behavior was significantly associated with job stress response of physical stress response (β=.42, p<.001), self-efficacy in controlling situational appetite of reward (β=−.37, p<.01), relax (β=−.25, p<.05), and physical activity was significantly associated with job stress response of fatigue (β=−.46, p<.001).
T1492 626316-626723 Epistemic_statement denotes In normal range subjects, eating behavior was significantly associated with job stress response of physical stress response (β=.17, p<.01), self-efficacy in controlling situational appetite of negative feeling (β=−.23, p<.01), relax (β=−.30, p<.001), and physical activity was significantly associated with job stress factor of qualitative workload (β=.16, p<.05), family and friend support (β=−.19, p<.05).
T1493 626724-626835 Epistemic_statement denotes Conclusion: The present study suggests that obese part-timers tend to be in a stressful state in the workplace.
T1494 626836-626901 Epistemic_statement denotes Such stressful conditions may eat much and contribute to obesity.
T1495 626902-627010 Epistemic_statement denotes Stress management might be necessary in workplace for prevention and treatment of obesity among part-timers.
T1496 627212-627407 Epistemic_statement denotes In the information services, it was reported that the stress factors of their work environment was associated with their health than their personal relationships on business and their life event.
T1497 627408-627588 Epistemic_statement denotes The purpose of this study was to identify the association between the level of fatigue accumulation and the working conditions in Japanese system engineers of information services.
T1498 628634-628929 Epistemic_statement denotes The high risk group had a significantly higher percentage of the burdens in working hours, amount of work, difficulty of work, time pressure on the appointed date of delivery, troubles after the delivery of the order, communication problems, uncomfortable setting, eyes or neck pain and fatigue.
T1499 629062-629249 Epistemic_statement denotes It was suggested that nurses in business setting need to approach the level of fatigue accumulation depending on characteristics of the work condition and environment of system engineers.
T1500 629250-629414 Epistemic_statement denotes Objectives: The aim of this longitudinal study is to evaluate wellness effects of a tailored problem solving process intervention program for health care employees.
T1501 629826-630009 Epistemic_statement denotes Results: Generally, the results indicate that positive changes in work conditions and higher order goals significantly affect health and wellbeing of health care employees positively.
T1502 630150-630176 Epistemic_statement denotes (2010) 17(Suppl 1):S1-S329
T1503 630177-630475 Epistemic_statement denotes Conclusions: These findings suggest that a tailored problem solving process intervention based on motivational regulation techniques, such as goal setting, action planning and training in communication-and cooperation skills positively affect quality of work and wellbeing in health care employees.
T1504 630476-630547 Epistemic_statement denotes Recovery from work stress is crucial to avoid stress-related illhealth.
T1505 630548-630676 Epistemic_statement denotes The aim of this longitudinal study was to investigate whether processes that prolong the mental exposure to work stressors, e.g.
T1506 631051-631176 Epistemic_statement denotes Results show that having children living at home, high job demands and high OC were associated with fatigue six months later.
T1507 631264-631434 Epistemic_statement denotes Sobel's test and bootstrapping procedure indicated that OC partly mediated the relationship between job demands and fatigue and between job demands and next-day recovery.
T1508 631499-631664 Epistemic_statement denotes inability towithdraw from work, in relation to fatigue and recovery from work and that such factors should be included in interventions targeting workrelated stress.
T1509 631665-631778 Epistemic_statement denotes RN/LPN reported less job strain overall (7 out of 85 nurses), limiting the power to detect potential disparities.
T1510 631860-631956 Epistemic_statement denotes Conclusion: NHB nurses, compared to NHW nurses, were six times more likely to report job strain.
T1511 631990-632152 Epistemic_statement denotes There are several possible reasons for these differences, including confounding by an unmeasured variable such as skill level or differential self-report by race.
T1512 632153-632282 Epistemic_statement denotes These differences may also reflect unmeasured organizational and interpersonal behaviors, including discrimination based on race.
T1513 632283-632397 Epistemic_statement denotes Further research should consider these alternative explanations for racial disparities in selfreported job strain.
T1514 632576-632662 Epistemic_statement denotes Finally, 20 men and 12 women were detected as ones to be recommended for medical care.
T1515 632663-632910 Epistemic_statement denotes Highly depressive men by the first screening were more likely to live alone (p<0.01), and had more job demand (p<0.05), more physical loads (p<0.05), less friendly work place (p<0.05), less job satisfaction (p<0.01) than non-highly depressive men.
T1516 633089-633334 Epistemic_statement denotes Men that were recommended for medical care were more likely to live alone (p<0.05) and had more physical loads (p<0.05), less job satisfaction (p<0.01), and less friendly work place (p<0.01) than non-highly depressive men by the first screening.
T1517 633335-633461 Epistemic_statement denotes Women that were recommended medical care had more job demand (p<0.05) than non-highly depressive women by the first screening.
T1518 633750-633940 Epistemic_statement denotes Conclusion: These results will support our previous report, in which job involved factors may relate to depressive mood of workers, and these factors may relates to increase depressive mood.
T1519 635958-636131 Epistemic_statement denotes However, to support improvement in work or lifestyle related stressors, complementing the concise report of M-R by extending our center's health care services may be needed.
T1520 637120-637206 Epistemic_statement denotes Finally, 21 men and 22 women were detected as ones to be recommended for medical care.
T1521 637207-637510 Epistemic_statement denotes Highly depressive men by the first screening were more likely to live alone (p<0.05), worked longer (p<0.05), and had more job demand (p<0.01), more physical loads (p<0.01), less friendly work place (p<0.01), less job satisfaction (p<0.01), and lower job control (p<0.05) than non-highly depressive men.
T1522 637753-638024 Epistemic_statement denotes Men that were recommended for medical care were more likely to live alone (p<0.05) and had more job demand (p<0.01), more physical loads (p<0.05), less job satisfaction (p<0.01), and less friendly work place (p<0.01) than non-highly depressive men in the first screening.
T1523 638025-638238 Epistemic_statement denotes Women that were recommended for medical care were younger (p<0.01) and had more job demand (p<0.01), more physical loads (p<0.01), and less job satisfaction than non-highly depressive women in the first screening.
T1524 638239-638338 Epistemic_statement denotes Conclusion: These results suggest that job involved factors relate to a depressive mood of workers.
T1525 638609-638754 Epistemic_statement denotes However, correlational analyses indicated a negative significant association between symptoms and psychological wellbeing at the two time points.
T1526 639045-639184 Epistemic_statement denotes However, the results suggest that shifts in symptomatology may be associated with the time of the year in which the assessments took place.
T1527 639185-639299 Epistemic_statement denotes Further research should explore whether these symptoms increase in peak times of critical incidents over the year.
T1528 639696-640134 Epistemic_statement denotes The considered aspects of shifts were: frequency of night shifts, the number of consecutive night shifts, mean and the maximum shift length, frequency of shifts starting before 06:00, quick returns (less than 11 hours between shifts), less than 28 hours of free time after the last nigh shift, a single free day between shift periods, and the regularity of shift system with a question on the direction of rotation (backward vs. forward).
T1529 640307-640473 Epistemic_statement denotes The number of years in shift work and possibility to influence the shift schedule were significant predictors of insomnia (p<.001) but were unrelated to sleep length.
T1530 640663-640867 Epistemic_statement denotes Shorter sleep was associated with early starting morning shifts (p=.030) and a high number of single free days between two shift periods (p=.047) and marginally with the maximum length of shift (p =.067).
T1531 640868-640984 Epistemic_statement denotes Quick returns and early morning shifts were marginally significantly associated with insomnia (p-values .091, .069).
T1532 640985-641273 Epistemic_statement denotes Additional adjustments for education and life habits did not change the Results: The present results suggest that the sleep of shift workers would benefit from employee control over working times and shift systems that properly take into account the extra need for recovery in shift work.
T1533 641274-641437 Epistemic_statement denotes Objectives: Karasek's Job Content Questionnaire (JCQ) has been adopted to assess psychosocial work environment according to the Demand-Control-Support (DCS) model.
T1534 642486-642580 Epistemic_statement denotes Factor analysis suggested a 4-factor construction which explained the variance as much as 50%.
T1535 642874-642948 Epistemic_statement denotes The present findings suggested adequate concurrent validity of the J-DCSQ.
T1536 642949-643042 Epistemic_statement denotes Factor analysis did not present factor structure of the J-DCSQ as theoretically hypothesized.
T1537 643113-643204 Epistemic_statement denotes Further studies are needed to better identify psychosocial properties among larger samples.
T1538 643205-643400 Epistemic_statement denotes Although previous studies revealed that long working hours predicted fatigue and depressive symptoms, little is known about how these relationships vary among different industries or occupations.
T1539 644491-644695 Epistemic_statement denotes Multiple comparisons with Bonferroni method indicated that in the manufacturing industry and professionals, the "66 h or more" group had a higher level of fatigue than the "less than 60 h" group (P<0.05).
T1540 644865-644978 Epistemic_statement denotes No significant association was found between working hours and depressive symptoms in any industry or occupation.
T1541 644979-645223 Epistemic_statement denotes Although reducing the number of working hours is essential to ameliorate workers' fatigue, special attention should be paid to workers in manufacturing or human health and social work activities industries and professionals who work long hours.
T1542 645381-645495 Epistemic_statement denotes This suggests that the association between working hours and fatigue is varied among different industrial sectors.
T1543 645496-645609 Epistemic_statement denotes Psychosocial work conditions including high demands, lack of control and support have been linked to poor health.
T1544 645610-645711 Epistemic_statement denotes Yet, the influence of individual factors such as general mental ability (GMA) remains to be examined.
T1545 645712-645910 Epistemic_statement denotes The present study set out to investigate how childhood mental ability and psychosocial work characteristics relate to different health indicators in a cohort of working women(n=271) and men (n=291).
T1546 645911-646177 Epistemic_statement denotes Specifically, childhood GMA and self-reports of job demands, job control and social support were linked to two positive health indicators (sense of coherence and self-rated health) and two negative health indicators (musculoskeletal problems and anxiety in midlife).
T1547 646314-646400 Epistemic_statement denotes Results revealed no linkages between childhood GMA and the health indicators included.
T1548 646612-646738 Epistemic_statement denotes These findings are likely to result from the study cohort being fairly homogeneous and the women and men being in good health.
T1549 646739-646860 Epistemic_statement denotes Objectives: Few studies have been devoted to exploring hospital physicians' work stresses to their quality of work lives.
T1550 646861-647106 Epistemic_statement denotes This study was aimed to explore the relationship between work stress and the quality of work lives, especially under the circumstances of given work stress, the moderating effects of labor activities on the work stress and quality of work lives.
T1551 647740-648135 Epistemic_statement denotes Results: Controlling the personal characteristics and work status of hospital physician executives, it was found that perceived financial-oriented and norm-oriented stresses by hospital physician executives had lower work satisfaction and career satisfaction, more illness symptoms, and worse perceived health status; however, more labor activities had positive effects on quality of work lives.
T1552 648136-648326 Epistemic_statement denotes Especially, body labors could moderate financialoriented stress to better career and work satisfaction, better perceived health status, less muscular illness, and reduced sleeping disorders.
T1553 648488-648631 Epistemic_statement denotes Conclusions and implications: We verified the negative relationships of work stress to quality of work lives for hospital physician executives.
T1554 648727-648987 Epistemic_statement denotes Under the given work stresses in the health care work environments, hospital administrators could recognize the values of body labors and leisure activities into health promotion programs for their health care professionals to create healthy work environments.
T1555 648988-649143 Epistemic_statement denotes Cardiovascular reactivity has been intensively studied for some decades as a potential risk factor or risk marker of cardiovascular disorders and diseases.
T1556 649144-649284 Epistemic_statement denotes Among other end-points hypertension, coronary heart disease, and stroke have been possible to predict in research using reactivity measures.
T1557 649285-649344 Epistemic_statement denotes However, these predictions have not always been successful.
T1558 649907-650063 Epistemic_statement denotes The symposium starts with Dr Gellman who has comprehensively studied the relationship among hostility, metabolic syndrome, and cardiac structure & function.
T1559 650302-650389 Epistemic_statement denotes This topic will help particularly in the planning of coronary heart disease prevention.
T1560 650566-650641 Epistemic_statement denotes The results may promote research in the prediction of cardiovascular risks.
T1561 650835-650923 Epistemic_statement denotes The study has interest especially for those who do research in real world circumstances.
T1562 650924-651120 Epistemic_statement denotes All these presentations will have both indirect and direct relevance for clinical research in the prediction and prevention of cardiovascular diseases in addition to more basic theoretical issues.
T1563 651121-651413 Epistemic_statement denotes Acute psychophysiological stress testing, involving measurement of cardiovascular and biological responses to laboratory-induced mental stress, is an important tool to investigate mechanisms that might account for the association between psychosocial stress and cardiovascular diseases (CVD).
T1564 651414-651546 Epistemic_statement denotes The present study was designed to examine associations of disturbed psychophysiological responses with sub-clinical atherosclerosis.
T1565 652469-652523 Epistemic_statement denotes Cardiovascular responses were not associated with CAC.
T1566 652524-652625 Epistemic_statement denotes Basal levels of inflammatory markers were associated with CAC although the stress responses were not.
T1567 652626-652840 Epistemic_statement denotes These data support the notion that cortisol stress reactivity, an index of hypothalamic pituitary adrenal function, is one of the possible mechanisms through which psychosocial stress may influence the risk of CHD.
T1568 652841-652992 Epistemic_statement denotes Cardiovascular reactivity to behavioral stress tasks has been shown to be associated with pathological hemodynamic and neuroendocrinological processes.
T1569 652993-653063 Epistemic_statement denotes Later, recovery from such stress has been studied for similar reasons.
T1570 654180-654244 Epistemic_statement denotes However, the direction of recovery was different for BPs and HR.
T1571 655366-655501 Epistemic_statement denotes Further, it was examined how these vascular and myocardial parameters relate to cognitive appraisal in a real-life stressful situation.
T1572 655920-656003 Epistemic_statement denotes Evidence was obtained suggesting a myocardial reaction pattern during the stressor.
T1573 656004-656092 Epistemic_statement denotes This finding is consistent with the hypotheses as the stressor is an active coping task.
T1574 656093-656219 Epistemic_statement denotes The anticipation was hypothesized to be a relatively passive situation and therefore expected to engender a vascular response.
T1575 656220-656285 Epistemic_statement denotes However, the reaction pattern during anticipation was myocardial.
T1576 656365-656479 Epistemic_statement denotes Multilevel regression models (MLwiN v2.2) were used to analyze the relationships between appraisal and CO and TPR.
T1577 656480-656670 Epistemic_statement denotes During the anticipation period prior to the stressor, increased challenge was associated with decreased vascular resistance (Z=2.70 p<.01) and increased myocardial reactivity (Z=2.43 p<.01).
T1578 656671-656889 Epistemic_statement denotes During the stressor increases in challenge were associated with further increases in myocardial responding (Z=2.03 p<.05) but relationships between appraisal and vascular resistance were not significant (Z=1.82, n.s.).
T1579 657045-657194 Epistemic_statement denotes Furthermore, our findings suggest that challenge appraisals to real-life stressors contribute to an, arguably healthier, myocardial reaction pattern.
T1580 657328-657479 Epistemic_statement denotes With advances in visual media technologies, health communications and interventions can now incorporate a variety of sophisticated images and pictures.
T1581 657480-657720 Epistemic_statement denotes Optimal use of these technologies requires that we advance our understanding of how individuals respond to health imagery, particularly since information processes for imagery differ markedly from those involved with linguistic information.
T1582 658677-658852 Epistemic_statement denotes The studies demonstrate how IVEs can instill experiential knowledge of behavioral consequences and enhance understanding of complex concepts such as genebehavior interactions.
T1583 659128-659304 Epistemic_statement denotes Throughout the symposium, discussion will address how the research informs theory on visual imagery processes in health behavior as well as the use of imagery in interventions.
T1584 659305-659492 Epistemic_statement denotes Background: A growing body of research suggests that communicating associations between aversive health-related images and a given behaviour may diminish the likelihood of that behaviour.
T1585 659493-659562 Epistemic_statement denotes However, there is limited experimental evidence of this relationship.
T1586 660399-660494 Epistemic_statement denotes However, such interventions are often highly pragmatic and lack clear theoretical underpinning.
T1587 661288-661411 Epistemic_statement denotes Understanding of the animation was explored, followed by emotional reaction, acceptability and suggestions for improvement.
T1588 662236-662347 Epistemic_statement denotes The digital animation appears acceptable to staff and patients, and to influence intended behavioural concepts.
T1589 662348-662436 Epistemic_statement denotes These features could heighten many types of health messages conveyed via visual imagery.
T1590 662589-662813 Epistemic_statement denotes These consequences can be experienced firsthand in an IVE, and an interactive component could include practicing and building efficacy for cessation behaviors while observing how these behaviors mitigate health consequences.
T1591 663045-663107 Epistemic_statement denotes In IVEs individuals can directly experience a visual metaphor.
T1592 663108-663223 Epistemic_statement denotes They might also manipulate situational variables to gain nuanced understanding of the processes a metaphor conveys.
T1593 663506-663724 Epistemic_statement denotes Recent research has highlighted the possibility that the emotion of disgust can act as a significant driver to initiate behaviour change as a separate or even additional component to traditional fear appeal approaches.
T1594 663725-663802 Epistemic_statement denotes Pictorial images may be particularly effective in generating disgust emotion.
T1595 663803-663979 Epistemic_statement denotes Therefore the aim of this investigation was to test the specific image qualities associated with reported disgust and rating of potential success in promoting behaviour change.
T1596 663980-664240 Epistemic_statement denotes Data were obtained from a public consultation exercise (Department of Health, England and Wales, 2006) that requested, through a web-based answering system, participant preferences of 42 images that might be effective to encourage tobacco cessation in smokers.
T1597 664394-664476 Epistemic_statement denotes images that might persuade smokers to quit tobacco consumption appeared revolting.
T1598 664477-664675 Epistemic_statement denotes To confirm that disgust emotion generated by the UK tobacco packet images was associated to the public's selection of possible effective images; three cross-sectional opinion surveys were conducted.
T1599 665561-665708 Epistemic_statement denotes The emotion of disgust may be a possible intervening variable to explain the initial reactions to health promotion materials and smoking cessation.
T1600 665709-665881 Epistemic_statement denotes Future research needs to explore the strength of disgust emotions and fear generated by images of this nature with actual behaviour change and other intervening constructs.
T1601 666151-666557 Epistemic_statement denotes However, this large interest in use of saliva cortisol measurement is paralleled with frustrations on opposing Results: This symposium is based on a critical evaluation of existing literature on salivary cortisol, aiming to evaluate the utility of salivary cortisol as a biomarker in various settings and how we can understand cortisol reactivity using evidence of experiences from different study designs.
T1602 666558-666875 Epistemic_statement denotes The work is compiled by the Scandinavian Stress and Cortisol Network, a network financed by the Swedish Research Council, and one main question asked was: is it possible that different results of studies involving cortisol assessments are functions of differences in the theoretical assumptions made and methods used?
T1603 666876-667006 Epistemic_statement denotes In particular the symposium will focus on how the many different ways of evaluating levels and dynamics of salivary cortisol (i.e.
T1604 667007-667191 Epistemic_statement denotes with regards to time points of assessment and different algorithms based on multiple time points) may have an impact on the interpretation of cortisol measurements in various contexts.
T1605 667192-667347 Epistemic_statement denotes Salivary cortisol has been studied in relation to the following topics: demographic variables, psychosocial work environment, psychological resources (e.g.
T1606 667501-667645 Epistemic_statement denotes The following topics shall be covered at the symposium; where all data shall refer to how results of analyses can differ depend on methods used.
T1607 667915-668262 Epistemic_statement denotes However, this large interest in use of saliva cortisol measurement is paralleled with frustrations on opposing Results: This presentation is based on a critical evaluation of existing literature on salivary cortisol, aiming to evaluate the utility of various measures of salivary cortisol as a biomarker in relation to psychosocial work stressors.
T1608 668514-668675 Epistemic_statement denotes The presentation focuses on how salivary cortisol relates to work stressors, and discusses how these results may vary depending on measurement and data analysis.
T1609 668871-669000 Epistemic_statement denotes In particular, the presentation focuses on a discussion on how these results may vary depending on measurement and data analysis.
T1610 669001-669138 Epistemic_statement denotes Background: The altered cortisol is sometimes regarded as a warning reaction essential part of the survival strategy of living organisms.
T1611 669247-669359 Epistemic_statement denotes In particular, correlations between altered cortisol levels and cardiovascular risk factors have been discussed.
T1612 669435-669537 Epistemic_statement denotes However, empirical data on endogenous cortisol and its correlations with inflammatory markers are few.
T1613 669538-669792 Epistemic_statement denotes This presentation is based on a literature search using PubMed, aiming to evaluate the utility of various measures of salivary cortisol and its correlation with various inflammatory markers such as interleukines, acute phase proteins, and growth factors.
T1614 669793-669907 Epistemic_statement denotes The presentation focuses on a discussion on how these results may vary depending on measurement and data analysis.
T1615 669908-670025 Epistemic_statement denotes In particular, the results would be discussed in the light of a possible down-regulation of glucocorticoid receptors.
T1616 670137-670300 Epistemic_statement denotes The diagnosis of cancer represents a threat to survival; consequently, both patients and physicians believe that transient sleep dysfunction in response is normal.
T1617 670301-670403 Epistemic_statement denotes Currently, relatively little is known about the etiology and evolution of insomnia in cancer patients.
T1618 670404-670583 Epistemic_statement denotes Emerging evidence suggests that a significant minority of cancer patients develop a chronic persistent form of insomnia as a result of the diagnosis and treatment of their cancer.
T1619 671194-671558 Epistemic_statement denotes Finally, results from a national randomized clinical trial of YOCAS ® Yoga will show how a brief, community-based intervention of 4 weeks' duration can significantly reduce insomnia and use of sleep medication in cancer survivors, suggesting that persistent insomnia responds quickly to a behavioral exercise intervention and can be treated easily and effectively.
T1620 671559-671790 Epistemic_statement denotes The goal of this symposium is to disseminate exciting recent findings in the areas of sleep and cancer and to generate new ideas and an awareness of chronic insomnia in cancer patients so that its negative effects can be addressed.
T1621 671791-671942 Epistemic_statement denotes The goal of this large scale epidemiological study was to assess the prevalence and incidence of insomnia comorbid with cancer over an 18-month period.
T1622 672733-672841 Epistemic_statement denotes Simple effects indicated that the decrease was significant between T1 and T2 and between T3 and T4 (ps<.01).
T1623 673499-673693 Epistemic_statement denotes Despite this overall pattern, insomnia symptoms develop in a significant proportion of patients during the cancer care trajectory, thus suggesting distinct patterns of evolution across patients.
T1624 673871-673983 Epistemic_statement denotes However, little objective evidence has been gathered on the patterns of sleep before and following chemotherapy.
T1625 674320-674395 Epistemic_statement denotes Most subjects (20) Research about medicine use among adolescents is scarce.
T1626 674396-674550 Epistemic_statement denotes However, studies have shown that medicine use for common complaints is widespread among adolescents although there are major differences across countries.
T1627 674551-674591 Epistemic_statement denotes Medicine use is a public health concern.
T1628 674892-674995 Epistemic_statement denotes A few studies have suggested that adolescents' medicine use is a response to a range of stressors, e.g.
T1629 675111-675483 Epistemic_statement denotes The objective of this symposium is to present a scientific rationale for the study of adolescents' medicine use, to provide an overview of recent empirical studies of adolescents' medicine use, to discuss methodological challenges in this area of interest, and to present new empirical findings from the international Health Behaviour in School-aged Children (HBSC) study.
T1630 675484-675675 Epistemic_statement denotes Adolescent mental health has been related to a variety of physical health problems and adolescents can have considerable independence in their use of medicines to treat acute health problems.
T1631 675676-675786 Epistemic_statement denotes The relationship between adolescent mental health and medicine use (MU) has not received sufficient attention.
T1632 675787-675977 Epistemic_statement denotes The present analyses examine relationships of adolescent mental health and MU and whether mental health contributes to MU beyond the effect of experiencing symptoms of those health problems.
T1633 677000-677179 Epistemic_statement denotes MU for each of the four health problems was predicted by mental health; however, MU for headache and stomachache were no longer significant when symptoms were added to the models.
T1634 677180-677337 Epistemic_statement denotes Adolescents with poorer mental/psychological health are more likely to experience symptoms of common health problems and to take medicine for these problems.
T1635 677338-677449 Epistemic_statement denotes However, self-reported symptoms may partially mediate the relationship between adolescent mental health and MU.
T1636 677835-677908 Epistemic_statement denotes Advances in developmental neuroscience can help decide on age boundaries.
T1637 677909-678131 Epistemic_statement denotes However, the developmental perspective requires more than age boundaries due to the social and cultural aspects and expectations in this transitional phase, particularly in multi-national adolescents' medicine use studies.
T1638 678417-678556 Epistemic_statement denotes A special issue in adolescence is the study of compliance since adolescents seem more reluctant to take medicine according to instructions.
T1639 679288-679521 Epistemic_statement denotes Objective: To examine the association between menarche and use of medicine for common complaints (headache, stomach ache, difficulties in getting to sleep, nervousness) in a national representative sample of 11-and 13-year-old girls.
T1640 679962-680391 Epistemic_statement denotes The dual pathway model (DPM) of bulimic pathology represents an integrative etiological theory that contemplates the mediational mechanisms by which the risk factors might work together to promote bulimic behavior (BB).The internalization of the thin ideal contributes to body dissatisfaction (BD); increased BD, in turn, fosters dieting and negative affect (depression and stress, in this study), which increase the risk for BB.
T1641 680392-680481 Epistemic_statement denotes Individuals may initiate BB because of either extreme dieting or chronic negative affect.
T1642 680944-681086 Epistemic_statement denotes The total sample was formed by N=196 college students, comprised of women (121) There is no doubt that nutrition affects athletic performance.
T1643 681178-681394 Epistemic_statement denotes The purpose of this study was to determine stability-reliability of a 29 item instrument created to provide baseline data that would be used to develop a multi-level nutrition program for collegiate student-athletes.
T1644 681485-681579 Epistemic_statement denotes Questions included measures of self-efficacy, perceived susceptibility, benefits and barriers.
T1645 682476-682719 Epistemic_statement denotes Items with correlation scores less than .06 were modified to yield more consistent responses and thus this survey shows promise as a potential valid and reliable assessment of collegiate athletes' knowledge, perceptions, and dietary practices.
T1646 682720-682832 Epistemic_statement denotes This information is essential when designing nutrition education programs and interventions for this population.
T1647 683098-683257 Epistemic_statement denotes The aim of the study was to analyse young men's attitudes towards health and eating before and at military service and their associations with eating patterns.
T1648 683806-683919 Epistemic_statement denotes Changes of HTAS indexes were analysed with paired sample t-test and associations with eating patterns with ANOVA.
T1649 684050-684294 Epistemic_statement denotes Before entering military service eating of sweet foods was associated negatively with GHI (p=0.033) and positively with CSF (p<0.000) and REW (p<0.000); and eating of fatty foods negatively with GHI (p=0.003) and positively with REW (p= 0.001).
T1650 684496-684578 Epistemic_statement denotes PLE was not associated with eating of fatty or sweet foods in neither measurement.
T1651 684983-685096 Epistemic_statement denotes Once the diagnosis is made healthcare services are likely to offer health promotional and preventive initiatives.
T1652 685097-685263 Epistemic_statement denotes Preventive and treatment recommendations are fully developed, but how we motivate people to make use of these initiatives and offer the right ones remains less clear.
T1653 685264-685449 Epistemic_statement denotes Aim: To investigate socio-economic and disease-related predictors for participating in the "Ready to Act" program dealing with support to action competence for living with dysglycaemia.
T1654 685450-685629 Epistemic_statement denotes We hypothesize that the possibility of participating in this particular program will increase in accordance with a higher level of education, cohabitant and no competing diseases.
T1655 687656-687797 Epistemic_statement denotes Preliminary results show that body mass index and diabetes self-efficacy changes were significantly improved in the treatment group (p<0.05).
T1656 688069-688222 Epistemic_statement denotes This presentation will discuss how participant engagement, perceptions, and intervention components may have influenced employment and health indicators.
T1657 688223-688392 Epistemic_statement denotes A diabetes management intervention was well received by participants and showed the potential to delay functional decline and reliance on government assistance programs.
T1658 688711-688817 Epistemic_statement denotes Further RCT research is warranted to determine the viability of this model for chronic disease management.
T1659 688818-688865 Epistemic_statement denotes Cost effective analysis would also be valuable.
T1660 690017-690267 Epistemic_statement denotes For anger (STAXI), although there were no significant differences between the treatment (T1=20.0, T2=17.3, T3=15.4) and the control conditions at any point (T1=18.0, T2=16.2, T3=16.0), there was a significant decrease in anger scores overall, p<.001.
T1661 690268-690480 Epistemic_statement denotes There was a clinically significant decrease in HBA1C in the treatment group from baseline to 3 months (T1=7.6, T2=7.2) however, it was not statistically significant and the improvement was not sustained (T3=7.4).
T1662 690741-690921 Epistemic_statement denotes These data provide the first demonstration that depression, a common co-morbidity in women with type 2 diabetes, can be effectively treated in a group setting using CBT techniques.
T1663 691091-691226 Epistemic_statement denotes The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of a motivational interviewing-based lifestyle intervention in this population.
T1664 693318-693443 Epistemic_statement denotes The EMPOWER group, however, was presented the information in the context of learning mindfulness skills to facilitate change.
T1665 694196-694400 Epistemic_statement denotes Only the EMPOWER group reported increases in intuitive eating (p<.0001), a trait previously associated with better physical health (Hawks, et al., 2005) and lower eating pathology (Tylka & Wilcox, 2006) .
T1666 694401-694517 Epistemic_statement denotes Further analyses will determine whether metabolic and inflammatory biomarkers were impacted differentially by group.
T1667 694518-694663 Epistemic_statement denotes These data support the use of the EMPOWER program as a novel and effective approach for supporting individuals in the maintenance of weight loss.
T1668 694856-694982 Epistemic_statement denotes We state and support a hypothesis here that changes in behavior rather than changes in diet and metabolism are central to MSD.
T1669 695066-695246 Epistemic_statement denotes (i) Diet, thriftiness and obesity centered paradigm is inadequate to explain most of the physiological and immunological changes associated with metabolic syndrome disorders (MSD).
T1670 695247-695494 Epistemic_statement denotes (ii) Comparative studies show that relative obesity rather than absolute obesity is strongly associated with various parameters of MSD and further perception of calories without actual change in intake of calories can induce physiological changes.
T1671 695495-695691 Epistemic_statement denotes (iii) Alternative behavioral strategies co-exist in animal populations which are associated with characteristic metabolic states and some of these states show close resemblance with MSD in humans.
T1672 695692-695789 Epistemic_statement denotes (iv) Obesity and MSD are strongly and cross culturally associated with certain behavioral traits.
T1673 695993-696172 Epistemic_statement denotes Through a meta-analysis study we show that deficiency of physical aggression is strongly associated with MSD as seen by neuro-endocrine mechanisms as well as epidemiological data.
T1674 696173-696289 Epistemic_statement denotes This raises a possibility that the effects of behavioral deficiencies may be reversed by behavioral supplementation.
T1675 696432-696652 Epistemic_statement denotes All the evidence collec-tively indicates that MSD originates due to behavioral deficiencies rather than metabolic thriftiness and therefore behavioral supplementation may be effective in reversing the chronic conditions.
T1676 697673-697892 Epistemic_statement denotes Conclusions: While the DF provided nutrition already follows guidelines there is a need for supply/demand targeted nutrition intervention related especially to saturated fat and sugar containing snacks among conscripts.
T1677 697893-698281 Epistemic_statement denotes OBJECTIVE: Two hundred and fifteen industrial workers suffering from occupational skin diseases (OSD) have attended a 6months combined dermatological and educational prevention program with an education and counseling scheme as well as an intervention The aim of this program, conducted from 2007-2009, was to enable the affected worker to remain at work without suffering from major OSD.
T1678 699402-699550 Epistemic_statement denotes These results suggest the feasibility of short interventions, and the importance of focusing on overcommitment, a key factor in work-related stress.
T1679 699551-699710 Epistemic_statement denotes Further analysis are needed to clarify the magnitude of the beneficial effects in connection with personal and work stress characteristics of the participants.
T1680 700116-700312 Epistemic_statement denotes Results: Controlled for age and gender, overcommitment in work showed strong correlation with effort-reward imbalance, perceived stress, anxiety, WHO well-being, work-related work-family conflict.
T1681 700894-701054 Epistemic_statement denotes Conclusion: Stress-management trainings can be effective to decrease overcommitment at work and are more beneficial for participants with higher overcommitment.
T1682 701055-701170 Epistemic_statement denotes Further investigations are needed to clarify the role of overcommitment in work-related stress and quality of life.
T1683 701811-702014 Epistemic_statement denotes Considering the foregoing, the present study aims to evaluate the work ability index in Portuguese workers in various professions and see how the ability to work is linked to demographic characteristics.
T1684 702298-702456 Epistemic_statement denotes The causal relationship between the sociodemographic characteristics and the WAI was quantified by calculating the odds ratio and confidence intervals of 95%.
T1685 702568-702674 Epistemic_statement denotes And consistent with the literature, it appears that the younger the better their individual work capacity.
T1686 703411-703564 Epistemic_statement denotes The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of psychiatric comorbidity in a population of CLBP patients, using a psychiatric diagnostic interview.
T1687 704548-704748 Epistemic_statement denotes The difference could be a result of different compensational systems, different settings were the interviews were conducted, or different characteristics of the populations in the comparative studies.
T1688 704917-705145 Epistemic_statement denotes The results imply that screening LBP patients for psychopathology in secondary care is important and should involve a wide range of psychiatric disorders since psychopathology might have consequences for prognosis and treatment.
T1689 705146-705266 Epistemic_statement denotes Objective: To predict the two-year course of activity limitations in patients with early knee and/or hip osteoarthritis.
T1690 705517-705655 Epistemic_statement denotes Regression models were used to examine whether baseline variables predicted the course of activity limitations as measured with the WOMAC.
T1691 705763-705946 Epistemic_statement denotes Results: After two-years of follow-up activity limitations slightly decreased in participants with knee symptoms, and were not significantly changed in participants with hip symptoms.
T1692 706016-706358 Epistemic_statement denotes In participants with knee symptoms, few activity limitations at baseline, non-western or Indonesian ethnicity, low educational level, bilateral hip pain, high comorbidity count, high BMI, pain on palpation of the joint line, high bodily pain and poor general health perception were associated with a two-year increase in activity limitations.
T1693 706359-706745 Epistemic_statement denotes In participants with hip symptoms, few activity limitations at baseline, low educational level, bilateral hip pain, high comorbidity count, no paid employment, few physical activity during leisure, restricted active hip flexion, poor general health perception, and frequent use of the pain coping strategy transformation were associated with a two-year increase in activity limitations.
T1694 706746-706870 Epistemic_statement denotes Conclusion: After two years of follow-up large between subject variation was observed in the course of activity limitations.
T1695 706871-706992 Epistemic_statement denotes Risk factors for an unfavorable course of activity limitations are identifiable already at an early stage of the disease.
T1696 706993-707070 Epistemic_statement denotes Medically unexplained symptoms (MUS) are an economic and humanitarian burden.
T1697 707151-707291 Epistemic_statement denotes Theoretically, activated illness-related memory may cause reporting of symptoms by changing perception and interpretation of bodily signals.
T1698 707292-707471 Epistemic_statement denotes In the current study, we used a subliminal priming technique to test whether activating memory related to illness without conscious awareness leads to increased reporting of pain.
T1699 707869-708060 Epistemic_statement denotes The latter two conditions were added to test whether reduced pain tolerance would already be observed after the semantic activation of these two components or correlates of health complaints.
T1700 708118-708274 Epistemic_statement denotes We hypothesized that participants primed with health complaint words would show less pain tolerance (PT) compared to participants primed with neutral words.
T1701 708907-708993 Epistemic_statement denotes Thus, pain complaints can be involuntary produced by activated illness-related memory.
T1702 708994-709066 Epistemic_statement denotes This memory is thought to be chronically over-activated in MUS patients.
T1703 709067-709186 Epistemic_statement denotes This would explain why they have complaints without observable bodily pathology and thus without a medical explanation.
T1704 709427-709533 Epistemic_statement denotes Holroyd (2007) found that lower levels of catastrophizing were associated with lower levels of disability.
T1705 709534-709673 Epistemic_statement denotes The relationship between changes in catastrophizing and changes in disability in the treatment of headache disorders has not been examined.
T1706 710029-710099 Epistemic_statement denotes However it is unclear which determinants contribute to this reduction.
T1707 710100-710262 Epistemic_statement denotes Change in psychophysical capacity, calculated as the ratio between physical capacity and perceived effort, may be a determinant of change in perceived disability.
T1708 710263-710520 Epistemic_statement denotes Aim: The aim of this historical cohort study was to identify determinants for change in perceived disability measured with the Roland Morris Disability Questionnaire (RMDQ) in patients with non-specific CLBP after a cognitive somatic rehabilitation program.
T1709 710886-710965 Epistemic_statement denotes Associations between change in RMDQ and potential determinants were calculated.
T1710 711092-711312 Epistemic_statement denotes Results: Change in psychophysical static trunk lift (r=−0.51) and psychophysical dynamic lifting capacity (r=−0.53) and psychophysical static leg lift capacity (r=−0.23) were significantly associated with change in RMDQ.
T1711 711792-712127 Epistemic_statement denotes Aims: Because there is little information on interventions for Asians and Pacific Islanders (API) the purpose of this study was to 1) examine the effects of cognitive behavioral intervention (CBI) on improving health, psychosocial, and behavioral outcomes in API with type 2 diabetes; and to 2) determine variations between the groups.
T1712 713088-713263 Epistemic_statement denotes Pre and post intervention data indicated that the CBI group on the CESD scored 1.95 units lower than the DES group (p<0.02), a 19.3% decrease relative to the baseline average.
T1713 713975-714150 Epistemic_statement denotes The objective of the present study was to describe the psycho-social reactions to the epidemic, risk perception behaviors and compliance with the recommended control measures.
T1714 714413-714568 Epistemic_statement denotes Results: 23% of the population believed that the epidemic was not real but in fact political manipulation, while 34% thought it was a new influenza strain.
T1715 714569-714700 Epistemic_statement denotes Worry was the most commonly reported feeling in the academic employees (74%), while students felt mainly confused or anxious (40%).
T1716 715135-715251 Epistemic_statement denotes The higher the perceived severity of the problem, the higher the acceptance of vigorous population control measures.
T1717 715252-715402 Epistemic_statement denotes Those that personally knew someone affected by the influenza A H1N1 virus were more likely to have sought the seasonal flu vaccine (OR 2.1, p<0.0001).
T1718 716567-716713 Epistemic_statement denotes Our systematic review suggested that our intervention should last longer than a few months, and that it should include some structured activities.
T1719 716848-717034 Epistemic_statement denotes Our intervention employs a mix of one-to-one sessions with a trained support-time-recovery (STR) worker, and the opportunity to join activities and groups facilitated by exservice-users.
T1720 717370-717455 Epistemic_statement denotes The potential strengths and limitations of our development process will be discussed.
T1721 717530-717610 Epistemic_statement denotes However, the contribution of sleep problems to weight gain is poorly understood.
T1722 718595-718771 Epistemic_statement denotes Sleep problems at least three times a week (20% of women and 17% of men) were associated with major weight gain among women after adjusting for age (OR 1.41; CI 95% 1.13-1.75).
T1723 718772-719005 Epistemic_statement denotes The adjustments for baseline body mass index, marital status, education, heavy drinking, current smoking, physical activity, limiting long standing illness, sleep duration, and shift work had practically no effect on the association.
T1724 719006-719083 Epistemic_statement denotes However, adjustment for baseline mental disorders attenuated the association.
T1725 719084-719151 Epistemic_statement denotes Among men, none of the associations were statistically significant.
T1726 719152-719282 Epistemic_statement denotes Conclusions: Sleep problems remained associated with weight gain among women after pertinent risk factors have been accounted for.
T1727 719283-719405 Epistemic_statement denotes Associations among men and the effects of co-occurrence of mental health problems need to be confirmed in further studies.
T1728 719406-719518 Epistemic_statement denotes Promoting better sleep and preventing sleep problems might help prevent weight gain and subsequent health risks.
T1729 719519-719589 Epistemic_statement denotes Tinnitus can lead to a substantial decline in psychological wellbeing.
T1730 719590-719736 Epistemic_statement denotes Existing treatments focus mainly on chronic tinnitus-sufferers, but treatment in the acute phase seems also desirable to prevent a decompensation.
T1731 719737-719852 Epistemic_statement denotes The aim of this study was to develop a self-help program for acute tinnitus-sufferers and to evaluate its efficacy.
T1732 720725-720914 Epistemic_statement denotes In both groups use of helpful self-instructions became more likely over time (F(99) = 5.86, p=.017, Eta2=.06) while unhelpful self-instructions decreased (F (99) = 15.59, p=.000, Eta2=.17).
T1733 721269-721405 Epistemic_statement denotes The results indicate that the self-help manual leads to additional improvement regarding tinnitus distress and enhances copingabilities.
T1734 721687-721835 Epistemic_statement denotes Even when fatigue is not one of the key presenting symptoms, it if often described by patients as one of the most disabling and difficult to manage.
T1735 722084-722165 Epistemic_statement denotes Four key questions will be addressed during the symposium talks and discussion 1.
T1736 722230-722336 Epistemic_statement denotes Can CBT for fatigue be offered in a more cost-effective and potentially widely available web-based format?
T1737 722340-722402 Epistemic_statement denotes What are the key mediators of CBT in the treatment of fatigue?
T1738 722406-722499 Epistemic_statement denotes How can our understanding of mechanisms of change in CBT help maximise our treatment effects?
T1739 722719-722801 Epistemic_statement denotes Interestingly, increases in physical activity do not mediate the treatment effect.
T1740 722897-723022 Epistemic_statement denotes Mediation analysis suggests that the key mediator of change in fatigue is change in patients' negative beliefs about fatigue.
T1741 723114-723276 Epistemic_statement denotes Data from a pilot RCT suggests that this approach can substantially reduce fatigue and is economical, but the effect size is smaller than therapist delivered CBT.
T1742 723687-723809 Epistemic_statement denotes How the findings from these talks can help us understand models of fatigue and treatment processes will also be addressed.
T1743 723978-724140 Epistemic_statement denotes Although fatigue in MS is poorly understood, cognitions and behaviours in relation to symptoms and fatigue appear to play a role in the maintenance of MS fatigue.
T1744 725762-725852 Epistemic_statement denotes Discussion Changing beliefs about fatigue seems an important factor in CBT for MS fatigue.
T1745 725853-725925 Epistemic_statement denotes The change in fatigue is also closely related to a reduction in anxiety.
T1746 726165-726287 Epistemic_statement denotes Therapist delivered, manualised cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) has been shown to be effective in treating MS fatigue.
T1747 726935-727042 Epistemic_statement denotes Patients in the intervention group were interviewed to see how they had experienced the treatment approach.
T1748 727562-727730 Epistemic_statement denotes A RANDOMISED CONTROLLED TRIAL OF A BRIEF NURSING INTERVENTION AND COGNITIVE BEHAVIOUR THERAPY The assumption is that physical activity is essential to reduce fatigue.
T1749 727731-727857 Epistemic_statement denotes However, the mediating role of physical activity in fatigue interventions during cancer treatment has never been demonstrated.
T1750 728482-728708 Epistemic_statement denotes The CBT (6 sessions) focused additionally on regulating the sleep-wake cycle, accepting the consequences of cancer and treatment, managing the experience of cancer in relation with others, and challenging to make future plans.
T1751 729122-729274 Epistemic_statement denotes Thus, our findings indicate that with CBT it was possible to realize a significant reduction in fatigue without a lasting increase in physical activity.
T1752 729425-729675 Epistemic_statement denotes Qualitative data suggested that most patients found the programme and telephone sessions helpful, had made lifestyle modifications to manage their fatigue, felt they were more in control of their fatigue and had greater understanding of this symptom.
T1753 729676-729738 Epistemic_statement denotes Modifications were suggested to further improve the programme.
T1754 729739-729886 Epistemic_statement denotes Discussion: This pilot study suggests that computerised CBT may be an effective, accessible and acceptable intervention for managing fatigue in MS.
T1755 729887-730058 Epistemic_statement denotes The improvements in quality of life and the relatively low cost of the intervention highlight the potential for it to be a costeffective way of offering CBT to this group.
T1756 730167-730278 Epistemic_statement denotes The process of change in cognitive behaviour therapy for chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) is potentially complex.
T1757 730279-730376 Epistemic_statement denotes Methods: First we examined whether cognitive behavioural responses changed after a course of CBT.
T1758 730996-731159 Epistemic_statement denotes Investigators in these countries are developing behavioral interventions, grounded in the Preventive Health Model (PHM),that can be used to increase CRC screening.
T1759 733917-734148 Epistemic_statement denotes In 2007, Ontario (population, 12.9 million) launched a provincewide CRC screening program, ColonCancerCheck, offering FOBT to average risk individuals and colonoscopy to individuals with first degree family members affected by CRC.
T1760 734619-735045 Epistemic_statement denotes The Canadian Institute for Health Research Team in Population-based Colorectal Cancer Screening was accordingly funded to investigate CRC screening activities in several provinces and to originate multiple activities, notably focus groups aimed at ascertaining optimal methods for promoting FOBT-CRC and Targeted and Tailored-Navigated Intervention Trials that directly test specific approaches to increasing screening uptake.
T1761 735046-735471 Epistemic_statement denotes In this presentation, a range of findings will be shared, as related to regionally-diverse Focus Group Studies, pilot studies of invitation letter promotions on a provincial basis (Ontario) and to individuals awaiting colonoscopies (Alberta); and Tailored-Navigation interventions directed at attendees of a large primary care practice where patient navigators undertake promotion/ information related to screening promotion.
T1762 735472-735583 Epistemic_statement denotes Findings will also be shared from efforts in Saskatchewan, Canada to develop CRC screening management software.
T1763 735733-735825 Epistemic_statement denotes They offered the opportunity to screen for Bowel Cancer with the Faecal Immunochemical Test.
T1764 735934-736044 Epistemic_statement denotes How do we optimize participation rates utilizing publicly delivered rather than clinician-based interventions?
T1765 736559-736914 Epistemic_statement denotes These studies indicate that the Australian population is influenced by the way messages are framed, confidence in their capacity to use the kit (self-efficacy), perceived salience and coherence of screening, cancer worries, response efficacy (i.e., belief in the effectiveness of screening), social influences and perceived susceptibility to bowel cancer.
T1766 737139-737199 Epistemic_statement denotes Pilot data highlight the potential utility of this approach.
T1767 737560-737772 Epistemic_statement denotes Medically unexplained physical symptoms are a major challenge not only for the general health care system, but also for the development of reliable and valid classification approaches and effective interventions.
T1768 737773-737920 Epistemic_statement denotes A revision of the classification of somatoform disorders seems necessary, although there is continuing discussion what should be revised in detail.
T1769 737921-738162 Epistemic_statement denotes Joel Dimsdale, the speaker of the DSM-V work group, will present the latest DSM-V proposal for the classification of somatic symptoms causing significant psychological distress, and empirical data supporting this new classification approach.
T1770 738432-738663 Epistemic_statement denotes The presentation of Arthur Barsky will finally address the different nature of somatic symptoms, and especially the distinction between nonpathological bodily discomfort versus psychopathological features that need to be diagnosed.
T1771 738805-738973 Epistemic_statement denotes Medically unexplained somatic symptoms may result from many sources other than psychiatric disorder, and somatization therefore is not by definition psychopathological.
T1772 739256-739479 Epistemic_statement denotes Some are a non-verbal interpersonal communication in which the individual seeks the acknowledgment from others that they are in distress and suffering, hoping thereby to secure special attention, support, and consideration.
T1773 739480-739681 Epistemic_statement denotes For some patients, a lifetime of medically unexplained complaints can be best conceptualized as a stable personality trait, one that has been associated with other enduring personality characteristics.
T1774 739682-739827 Epistemic_statement denotes Somatization can also be understood as a form of illness and sick role behaviornot something an individual has, but rather something he/she does.
T1775 739828-739998 Epistemic_statement denotes Alternatively, emotional distress, particularly when combined with certain early childhood experiences of trauma, adversity or deprivation, can generate somatic symptoms.
T1776 739999-740114 Epistemic_statement denotes Preoccupied and fearful attachment styles that are learned in childhood can also lead to somatization in adulthood.
T1777 740115-740211 Epistemic_statement denotes The presentation of medically unexplained symptoms is also subject to socio-cultural influences.
T1778 740212-740473 Epistemic_statement denotes Cultural norms and values encourage the expression of distress in certain forms and discourage it in others; these cultural forces shape the experience and reporting of bodily symptoms by influencing how they are identified, interpreted, described and reported.
T1779 740760-740932 Epistemic_statement denotes It is only when these medically unexplained symptoms are recurrent, especially distressing, severe, prolonged, and disabling that they may be considered psychopathological.
T1780 740933-741122 Epistemic_statement denotes Background: Functional somatic syndromes (FSS) such as fibromyalgia or irritable bowel syndrome are highly prevalent and may be persistent and disabling for patients and costly to services.
T1781 742288-742381 Epistemic_statement denotes The number needed to treat to achieve one additional treatment response was 5 (3-53, p=0.03).
T1782 742382-742544 Epistemic_statement denotes Conclusion: Specialized Treatment for Severe Bodily Distress Syndromes (STreSS) provides a promising model for the management of patients with various severe FSS.
T1783 742545-742662 Epistemic_statement denotes Our approach may be a feasible alternative to the current organization of care in many different medical specialties.
T1784 742779-742978 Epistemic_statement denotes It is difficult to understand the prevalence and treatment of such disorders as long as a hierarchical decision model prevents diagnosing these disorders when other psychiatric disorders are present.
T1785 742979-743127 Epistemic_statement denotes The workgroup feels that the hallmark of such disorders is the presence of somatic symptoms associated with significant distress and/or dysfunction.
T1786 743196-743352 Epistemic_statement denotes Somatic symptoms are common in every day life & may be initiated, exacerbated or maintained by combinations of biological, psychological and social factors.
T1787 743353-743450 Epistemic_statement denotes Somatic symptom disorders can accompany diverse general medical as well as psychiatric diagnoses.
T1788 743451-743595 Epistemic_statement denotes When criteria are fulfilled, for example, for major affective disorder and for complex somatic symptom disorder, both diagnoses should be coded.
T1789 743596-743739 Epistemic_statement denotes Major changes are summarized below: 1. move "Psychological Factors Affecting a Medical Condition" from "other factors that may be of interest."
T1790 744199-744313 Epistemic_statement denotes Most notably, we recommend removing the requirement for psychological factors to be associated with symptom onset.
T1791 744314-744352 Epistemic_statement denotes This matter is difficult to establish.
T1792 744353-744498 Epistemic_statement denotes There is currently discussion regarding whether conversion disorder is most usefully aligned with somatic symptom disorders or anxiety disorders.
T1793 744499-744627 Epistemic_statement denotes Background: Chlamydia is a common sexually transmitted infection and is often asymptomatic, so early treatment can be difficult.
T1794 745134-745246 Epistemic_statement denotes Method: A theory based survey was developed from previous qualitative and quantitative data from practice staff.
T1795 745938-746145 Epistemic_statement denotes Discussion: Intention to offer screens is directly related to actual behaviour, and those who have more positive attitudes and perceive their colleagues to be more approving are more likely to offer screens.
T1796 746146-746339 Epistemic_statement denotes The lack of predictive power with non-clinical staff may reflect their view that offering information is beyond their role, and thus it is important to raise awareness of the value of doing so.
T1797 746774-746846 Epistemic_statement denotes There is also a need for more research on effective training approaches.
T1798 747442-747745 Epistemic_statement denotes It was expected that the study results would provide relevant inputs towards developing continuing professional education methods for primary care professionals and to enable them to care for old age mental problems The participants of this study were primary care health workers, nurses and physicians.
T1799 748549-748669 Epistemic_statement denotes Most of the participants felt that they could benefit from suitable tailor-made continuous multi-professional education.
T1800 749040-749154 Epistemic_statement denotes Resources provided by guidelines and modern technology should be available for professionals working with elderly.
T1801 749155-749341 Epistemic_statement denotes Little is known about the impact of self-efficacy (SE) in changing specific diabetes self-management (DSM) behaviors on patient adherence to a DSM regimen, compared to general SE in DSM.
T1802 750051-750145 Epistemic_statement denotes General SE in DSM was measured by asking "How sure are you that you can manage your diabetes?"
T1803 750413-750667 Epistemic_statement denotes We observed a stronger relationship with SE in changing diet (r =.29, p<.001) and exercise (r=.21, p<.05) and the corresponding adherence behaviors than we found between DSM self-efficacy and adherence to diet (r=.14, p<.001) and exercise (r=.10, p<.05).
T1804 750668-750806 Epistemic_statement denotes These associations remained significant after controlling for age, gender, ethnicity, education, family history, and time since diagnosis.
T1805 750807-750926 Epistemic_statement denotes Medication adherence was weakly correlated with SE in DSM (r=.09, p=.02) but not medication-specific SE (r=.25, p=.08).
T1806 750927-751012 Epistemic_statement denotes No associations were found between general or specific SE measures and SMBG (ps>.05).
T1807 751013-751085 Epistemic_statement denotes Further evidence is needed to confirm our results in a research setting.
T1808 751086-751320 Epistemic_statement denotes Our findings suggest that promoting patients' confidence in managing their diabetes, especially with respect to making changes in diet and exercise could improve patient adherence to their recommended diabetes self-management regimen.
T1809 751505-751601 Epistemic_statement denotes We applied the Self Determination Theory to explain how SMS behaviours are formed and sustained.
T1810 751602-751725 Epistemic_statement denotes Aims: Explore the relationship between motivational regulation to support self management and clinicians' practices in SMS.
T1811 752640-752796 Epistemic_statement denotes Inter-professional courses at the advanced undergraduate level provide opportunities for interprofessional learning, a learning about, and with one another.
T1812 753981-754207 Epistemic_statement denotes Conclusion: Inter-professional courses at the advanced undergraduate level offer a useful meeting between the different professions and can therefore be an important step in applying bio-psychosocial model to work in practice.
T1813 754208-754436 Epistemic_statement denotes Results will also be presented from the 2009-10 courses where registered and professionally active physiotherapists, doctors and psychologists have also been recruited as course participants alongside the undergraduate students.
T1814 754913-755161 Epistemic_statement denotes Major parenting behavior produces results similar to or lower in quality than those acquired from ordinary families; however, according to the analysis of scale, disadvantaged boys and girls face more conflicts and difficulties in mental condition.
T1815 755162-755272 Epistemic_statement denotes Even though parenting affects the mental health of young kids, it seems that other factors must be considered.
T1816 755273-755366 Epistemic_statement denotes Findings provide empirical support for further research and practice in supportive parenting.
T1817 756002-756055 Epistemic_statement denotes The intervention included daily psychosocial support.
T1818 756305-756551 Epistemic_statement denotes The parent's were characterised by: 1) low level income 2) low level education 3) low level support 4) marginal relationship to the work market 5) physical illness 6) psychiatric illness 7) nonwestern ethnicity and 8) Danish as a second language.
T1819 757219-757393 Epistemic_statement denotes Parents of HSCT children at risk of social exclusion experience difficulties with manoeuvring within the welfare-based system, which increases their risk of social exclusion.
T1820 757394-757478 Epistemic_statement denotes Psychosocial screening and interventions to parents of HSCT children is recommended.
T1821 758186-758287 Epistemic_statement denotes No associations were found between parenting practices, parental care and intake of energy-rich food.
T1822 758288-758468 Epistemic_statement denotes Conclusion: A high amount of parenting practices concerning daily routines and simultaneously parental care seem to be associated with more favorable health behaviours in children.
T1823 758556-758764 Epistemic_statement denotes The causes and pathways to these problems, such as socio-economic deprivation and maternal depression, remain unclear, particularly in relation to potentially different pathways by gender and at younger ages.
T1824 758765-758993 Epistemic_statement denotes The objective of this paper is to examine the relationship between maternal depression and disruptive behavior and potential pathways via socio-economic circumstance and parenting behaviours in boys and girls in early childhood.
T1825 759869-760032 Epistemic_statement denotes The relationship was tested using logistic regression models controlling for child and parent characteristics, socio-economic circumstance and parenting behaviors.
T1826 760241-760498 Epistemic_statement denotes The odds of boys with a depressed mother having a high hyperactivity score remained significantly higher compared to boys of nondepressed mothers but decreased to a one and half times higher odds, whilst for girls the relationship was no longer significant.
T1827 760499-760805 Epistemic_statement denotes Conclusion: The relationship between maternal depression and a high conduct and hyperactivity score in 3 year old boys and a high conduct score in girls is not wholly accounted for by socio-economic circumstance or parenting behaviors and therefore other mechanisms are likely to be additionally important.
T1828 760900-761117 Epistemic_statement denotes Empirical evidence on the effects of maternal employment on children is contradictory and has little work has considered the impact of maternal employment within the context of the employment patterns of both parents.
T1829 761419-762135 Epistemic_statement denotes Data on parental employment across three sweeps of data collection (infancy, age 3 and age 5) were used to investigate: (i) whether children whose mothers were in paid work during their first five years were more likely than children whose mothers were at home full-time to display adverse behavioral symptoms at age 5, independent of maternal education, mental health or economic position; (ii) whether effects of maternal employment on child socio-emotional development were cumulative in nature, or whether children were more sensitive to the effects of maternal employment during their first year; and (iii) the effects of different types of parental work arrangements on child socio-emotional behavior at age 5.
T1830 762542-762830 Epistemic_statement denotes Girls whose mothers were not in paid work during their first five years were 77% (95% CI= 1.21-2.57) more likely to have behavioral difficulties at age 5 than girls whose mothers were in paid work throughout their early years, independent of maternal characteristics and household income.
T1831 764895-764985 Epistemic_statement denotes Survey data indicate that herbal therapies and mind-body therapies are most commonly used.
T1832 765137-765206 Epistemic_statement denotes However, these reviews are non-systematic and therefore open to bias.
T1833 765719-765745 Epistemic_statement denotes 12 RCTs could be included.
T1834 765867-766141 Epistemic_statement denotes The meta-analysis of four trials reporting adequate data suggested beneficial effects in favour of qigong (weighted mean difference, systolic blood pressure (mmHg) -12.06, 95% confidence interval (CI) -17.12 to -7.00; diastolic blood pressure -8.46, 95% CI -12.55 to -4.37).
T1835 766700-766808 Epistemic_statement denotes There is some encouraging evidence to suggest that qigong is effective for lowering systolic blood pressure.
T1836 766809-766866 Epistemic_statement denotes However, the conclusiveness of these findings is limited.
T1837 766867-766934 Epistemic_statement denotes Rigorously designed trials seem warranted to confirm these results.
T1838 767148-767238 Epistemic_statement denotes Yet depression continues to remain under-recognised and under-treated in cardiac patients.
T1839 768273-768394 Epistemic_statement denotes Conclusion: MOOD-CARE has the potential to improve psychosocial, vocational and health outcomes of depressed MI patients.
T1840 768395-768557 Epistemic_statement denotes The study will provide valuable clinical, vocational and economic information about the value of the program and its potential translation into the health system.
T1841 768769-768878 Epistemic_statement denotes Little data is available on the impact of cardiac rehabilitation programs on QOL in CHF patients in Colombia.
T1842 768879-769191 Epistemic_statement denotes The SF-36, a self-report instrument validated in Spanish with 8 subscales and a question regarding Health Expectations, was used to measure QOL in 35 CHF patients participating in a cardiac rehabilitation program at St. Vincent de Paul Hospital in Medellín, Colombia at baseline, 3-month, and 6-month follow-ups.
T1843 769398-769615 Epistemic_statement denotes Results indicated that CHF patients participating in cardiac rehabilitation significantly improved their Physical Performance sub-scale scores and Health Expectations score over time (p<0.001 and p<0.01 respectively).
T1844 769951-770151 Epistemic_statement denotes A cardiac rehabilitation directed at CHF patients appears to improve specific physical health-related domains of QOL, although future research involving a control group would strengthen these Results:
T1845 770152-770403 Epistemic_statement denotes The findings suggest the need for psychologists, nurses, and other health professionals to integrate psychosocial aspects into existing cardiac rehabilitation program in order to potentially improve other domains of QOL in Colombian patients with CHF.
T1846 770404-770542 Epistemic_statement denotes Delivery of the regular and long-term patient support required to improve diabetes self-management remains a challenge for health systems.
T1847 771665-771863 Epistemic_statement denotes Participants' average BMI is 33.62 (SD=6.89); 56.7% meet the Australian physical activity recommendations; 82.5% and 65.8% have a normal score on the HADS depression and anxiety scales respectively.
T1848 772015-772300 Epistemic_statement denotes The presentation will include 6-month follow-up Results: This study is examining the effectiveness of a telehealth program targeting essential diabetes self-care behaviours and holds potential for addressing barriers faced in the delivery of long-term diabetes self-management support.
T1849 772301-772484 Epistemic_statement denotes Background: Interventions involving peer support offer a promising approach for providing diabetes self-management support (DSMS) that is ongoing, culturally responsive, and low cost.
T1850 774083-774286 Epistemic_statement denotes Conclusion: Findings suggest that it is feasible to train and to graduate PLs with the diabetes-related knowledge, communication skills, and facilitation skills needed to lead ongoing DSMS interventions.
T1851 774287-774417 Epistemic_statement denotes Subsequent research should examine the impact of this peer-led DSMS model on improving patients' diabetes-related health outcomes.
T1852 774418-774501 Epistemic_statement denotes Background: Obesity continues to present a major public health concern (NHS, 2008).
T1853 774502-774684 Epistemic_statement denotes This study aimed to explore the relationship between body mass index (BMI) and the affective states: happiness, anxiety and depression, alongside self efficacy and eating behaviours.
T1854 774685-774830 Epistemic_statement denotes It further aimed to identify if these components influence overeating behaviour, a factor that is empirically linked to a high BMI (Macht, 2008).
T1855 775196-775333 Epistemic_statement denotes Results: Findings confirm that there are significant relationships between personal control, affective states, eating behaviours and BMI.
T1856 776285-776509 Epistemic_statement denotes Overview: The global challenge of translational behavioral research requires acute attention to the cultural context into which interventions are translated and awareness of the culturallyspecific needs of targeted patients.
T1857 777900-778016 Epistemic_statement denotes Therefore, we have also sought to understand how participants see these same behaviors, including their variability.
T1858 779510-779899 Epistemic_statement denotes Independent predictors of quit success among those who attempted were having longer previous abstinence from smoking (7 months Background: This study represents the first longitudinal analysis effort identifying developmental trajectories of cigarette use as well as risk factors associated with the distinct developmental courses of smoking in Chinese early adolescents from age 12 to 16.
T1859 780413-780727 Epistemic_statement denotes parental smoking, perceived parental disapproval of smoking, parent-child relationships, family disharmony, perceived norms of peer smoking, good friend smoking, troubles with teachers) risk factors selected from an ecological perspective were prospectively linked to the identified patterns of smoking trajectory.
T1860 780904-781442 Epistemic_statement denotes After adjustments for gender, urban residence, and family socioeconomic status, adolescents with higher levels of problems in parent-child relationships and family disharmony, higher perceived norms of peer smoking, higher proportion of good friend smoking, having more troubles with teachers, poorer academic performance and reporting more frequent depressive symptoms were significantly more likely to be in the trajectory groups of either light/occasional smokers or heavy/regular smokers than in the group of non/experimental smokers.
T1861 781603-781798 Epistemic_statement denotes Conclusions: Study findings helped advance knowledge on the distinct developmental courses of smoking behavior and their associations with multi-layered risk factors in Chinese early adolescents.
T1862 782112-782338 Epistemic_statement denotes These findings indicate that existing knowledge from Western countries about smoking cessation are not necessarily readily generalizable to China, which has different social-economic conditions and tobacco control environment.
T1863 782748-783022 Epistemic_statement denotes Methods: Sixty-four healthy subjects (32:32 males:females, 24 years) balanced for smokers and never-smokers were made to believe that a chewing gum they received may or may not contain 4 mg nicotine to improve vigilance and reaction time, while in fact all received placebo.
T1864 783023-783136 Epistemic_statement denotes The experimenter conducting the study was also made to believe this was a fully BPD to maintain double-blindness.
T1865 784088-784256 Epistemic_statement denotes Conclusion: The known effects of nicotine on RT can be mimicked by the belief to receive nicotine, but males are more prone then females to respond to such information.
T1866 784257-784444 Epistemic_statement denotes Tobacco dependence is a leading cause of increased morbidity and mortality and current tobacco smoking is estimated will cause about 450 million deaths worldwide during the next 50 years.
T1867 784838-785076 Epistemic_statement denotes Its main hypothesis is that perceived risks and benefits of quitting, social norms for quitting, self-efficacy in smoking cessation, and nicotine dependence will predict behavioral intentions to quit smoking among Korean American smokers.
T1868 785529-785749 Epistemic_statement denotes Preliminary findings with 181 subjects (150 males and 31 females) revealed that gender moderates the relationships between perceived risks of quitting and behavioral intentions to quit smoking in Korean American smokers.
T1869 785750-786090 Epistemic_statement denotes Perceived family social norm for quitting was the only significant factor associated with Korean male smokers' behavioral intentions to quit smoking, whereas, perceived risks of quitting, and perceived family and friend social norms for quitting were the factors associated with Korean female smokers' behavioral intentions to quit smoking.
T1870 786091-786162 Epistemic_statement denotes However, perceived risks of quitting showed the strongest relationship.
T1871 786163-786251 Epistemic_statement denotes Data collection will be continued till May 31, 2010 and final results will be presented.
T1872 786354-786519 Epistemic_statement denotes Over 90% of the general population state that they are in favour of organ donation, however only 26% of the UK population are registered on the organ donor register.
T1873 786520-786621 Epistemic_statement denotes There is an urgent need to identify barriers, and find ways of increasing the number of organ donors.
T1874 786622-786980 Epistemic_statement denotes Objectives: This research tested the role of emotional barriers to organ donation such as the "ick factor" (a basic disgust reaction to The negative reinforcement explanation for smoking comprises a set of ideas derived from popular self-help books which aim to change the way smokers perceive the benefits of smoking and the post-quit withdrawal discomfort.
T1875 786981-787118 Epistemic_statement denotes Acceptance of these ideas is hypothesised to facilitate smoking cessation, possibly through a reduction in post-cessation urges to smoke.
T1876 787841-788061 Epistemic_statement denotes Potential cognitive mediators assessed were participants' levels of acceptance of the negative reinforcement explanation for smoking, positive outcome expectations for the affective benefits of smoking and self-efficacy.
T1877 788665-788867 Epistemic_statement denotes The intervention may have lacked sufficient power to bring about the intended cognitive shift or these highly conditioned beliefs about smoking may be resistant to change by socialcognitive means alone.
T1878 788962-789372 Epistemic_statement denotes In addition we tested the potential role of manipulating anticipated regret to increase intention to donate in people who are not yet registered as organ donors Methods: In 3 Experiments involving 635 members of the UK general public, participants were invited to complete questionnaire measures tapping the emotional factors such as "ick", the desire to retain body integrity after death and medical mistrust.
T1879 790263-790376 Epistemic_statement denotes In addition, a simple anticipated regret manipulation has the potential to significantly increase donation rates.
T1880 790469-790687 Epistemic_statement denotes Having the three ethnic groups (namely the Malays, Chinese and Indian) with the most pronounced cultural and religious prohibitions to organ donation, the shortage of organ donations continues to raise extreme concern.
T1881 790873-790992 Epistemic_statement denotes Its rich ethnic diversity allow for a comprehensive understanding of a variety of factors associated to organ donation.
T1882 791253-791478 Epistemic_statement denotes Results: Although only 5.5% of the total participants (N=1174) reported that they have registered to be organ donor, a further 35.2% of those who have not register for organ donation indicated willingness to donate one's own.
T1883 791616-791914 Epistemic_statement denotes In multivariate logistic regression analysis, willingness to donate one's own organ was associated with knowledge score (OR=1.17, 95% CI=1.13-1.22), attitude score (OR=1.17, 95% CI=1.05-1.31), secondary school education (OR= 1.46, 95% CI=1.05-2.02) and Malay ethnicity (OR=0.18, 95% CI= 0.03-0.94).
T1884 793076-793209 Epistemic_statement denotes There is an urgent need to develop effective smoking cessation interventions that can readily be adopted into routine antenatal care.
T1885 793526-793852 Epistemic_statement denotes Background: To assess situations, problems, needs, and ways of life of the diabetic people in each community, which tailored by culture, religion, socioeconomic, health care service system, and political system is crucial before mobilizing stake-holders and changing behaviors of these diabetes patients, family and community.
T1886 795350-795444 Epistemic_statement denotes Diabetes mellitus is currently a significant health problem in Thailand and in many countries.
T1887 795445-795590 Epistemic_statement denotes To solve this problem, health care providers have to provide not only curative care, but also, prevention, promotion and rehabilitation services.
T1888 795741-795882 Epistemic_statement denotes The different perceptions on risks and their relevant factors among stakeholders make it difficult to implement effective risk communication.
T1889 797474-797598 Epistemic_statement denotes Behavioral programs have been effective in reducing risk factors, although data on the most effective components are needed.
T1890 798338-798652 Epistemic_statement denotes It thus seeks to answer outstanding questions about HIV prevention with adolescents, the degree of the overall effectiveness of behavioral programs, the better alternatives to applicators, the relationship between HIV prevention and other risk behaviors, and intervention with high risk populations served shortly.
T1891 800566-800776 Epistemic_statement denotes This type of programming teaches principles of cognitive reframing, behavioral self-control, coping, and relaxation skills, along with how to apply these skills outside of the classroom in high risk situations.
T1892 800960-801257 Epistemic_statement denotes Life Skills Training (LST) is a theoretically-driven evidence-based drug abuse prevention program for middle school students that emphasizes social resistance skills as well as more generic skills such as communication, assertiveness, decision-making, goal-setting, selfcontrol, and coping skills.
T1893 801528-801739 Epistemic_statement denotes Because LST targets etiologic factors common to both drug abuse and HIV risk and teaches skills that have a broad application, we examined the extent to which the intervention may reduce later HIV risk behavior.
T1894 802301-802596 Epistemic_statement denotes These findings are presented in order to frame a discussion on the opportunities for developing competence-enhancement prevention programs to address both substance use and HIV risk behaviors, along with the challenges associated with addressing multiple risk behaviors in a single intervention.
T1895 802597-802799 Epistemic_statement denotes One goal of the presentation is to suggest that broad-based competence enhancement prevention programs may be an efficient and effective way to prevent a variety of negative outcomes during adolescence.
T1896 803690-803894 Epistemic_statement denotes It shows how an intervention based on cognitive behavioral techniques succeeded in improving the level of knowledge about HIV / AIDS and change attitudes towards the disease, risk behavior and condom use.
T1897 804082-804169 Epistemic_statement denotes Job control (autonomy and decision latitude) is an important aspect of stress theories.
T1898 804397-804909 Epistemic_statement denotes The level of control that employees experience -a powerful resource -can be threatened at three levels: 1) the function in itself can, regarding organizational structure and task embedding, offer too little possibilities of decision latitude and be at a 'wrong' level of control, 2) the function is all right but the department has a supervisor who cannot delegate 'job control' or decision latitude 3) 1 en 2 are well but the employee himself cannot see and use the decision latitude and autonomy that is there.
T1899 805215-805346 Epistemic_statement denotes In this symposium we will present a study in which the explained variance on the different organisational levels will be presented.
T1900 805347-805534 Epistemic_statement denotes Besides that, we will present the present state of knowledge on the three levels of intervention: function redesign, supervisor focused interventions and individual focused interventions.
T1901 805758-805933 Epistemic_statement denotes Greater participation in the process was found to be associated with increased levels of job control and communication and consequently reduced symptoms and time loss at work.
T1902 807915-808163 Epistemic_statement denotes Researchers are required to ensure that administrators and other key stakeholders have a clear understanding of their roles and responsibilities, and for the workers, to encourage them to sustain the autonomous activities for workplace improvement.
T1903 809614-809703 Epistemic_statement denotes Supervisor training may enhance worker mental health through improving their job control.
T1904 809704-809787 Epistemic_statement denotes Supervisor training does not seem to have an effect on increasing work performance.
T1905 810798-810919 Epistemic_statement denotes Research we recently conducted revealed that two factors may be predictive for the duration to full return to work (RTW).
T1906 812686-812877 Epistemic_statement denotes To date little cross-national comparative work has been carried out in this area, but with the availability of similar data collections in the US and UK such comparative work is now possible.
T1907 812878-813111 Epistemic_statement denotes Data from two nationally representative population based surveys, the Early Childhood Longitudinal Study in the US and the Millennium Cohort Study in the UK allow questions on the origins of ethnic/racial disparities to be addressed.
T1908 813112-813243 Epistemic_statement denotes This symposium examines how racial/ethnic disparities in childhood health and development vary across groups and national contexts.
T1909 813446-813618 Epistemic_statement denotes Paper 1 given by Prof Sacker will examine whether weight at birth is important for subsequent child growth and development and how patterns might vary across ethnic groups.
T1910 813619-813758 Epistemic_statement denotes Paper 2 given by Dr Davis-Kean examines relationships between the development of early motor skills and later mental and motor development.
T1911 813759-814036 Epistemic_statement denotes Paper 3 given by Dr Kelly considers whether experience of racism translates into poor developmental outcomes in childhood, and paper 4 given by Dr Simonton examines the links between unwanted pregnancy and the likelihood of breastfeeding initiation across ethnic/racial groups.
T1912 814037-814248 Epistemic_statement denotes Important to our understanding of ethnic/racial disparities are factors relating to the drivers for migration to the US and UK and national policy contexts for health and social care and these will be discussed.
T1913 814411-814569 Epistemic_statement denotes There are clear differences in birth weight by ethnic group, but whether these disparities are replicated in later markers of physical development is unknown.
T1914 815347-815628 Epistemic_statement denotes Two mechanisms were hypothesised: (a) a poorer intrauterine environment given the short stature of some minority children's mothers resulted in catch-up postnatal growth and (b) conditions during the parents' childhood led to a reduced capacity to reach their own height potential.
T1915 815767-815938 Epistemic_statement denotes Adding birth weight to the model showed that height was positively related to birth weight and attenuated the extra contribution from mothers' heights to non significance.
T1916 816040-816235 Epistemic_statement denotes For all ethnic minority groups, mean parental height was more weakly related to child height than in White majority families, although only significantly different in the largest Pakistani group.
T1917 816236-816388 Epistemic_statement denotes In conclusion, we found evidence of catch-up growth in ethnic minority children and that ethnic minority parents had not reached their height potential.
T1918 816535-816744 Epistemic_statement denotes Background: Previous work has shown that experience of racism is related to poor health outcomes in adults, but little is known about whether such experiences translate into developmental outcomes in children.
T1919 816745-816978 Epistemic_statement denotes Objectives: 1. to examine the relationship between parental experience of racism and markers of child development 2. to assess whether family socioeconomic position and neighbourhood level disadvantage explain observed relationships.
T1920 817146-817323 Epistemic_statement denotes Questions on parental interpersonal experience of racism, and the perception of racist attacks in the residential neighbourhood were asked when cohort members were aged 5 years.
T1921 817697-817817 Epistemic_statement denotes It appeared that parental reports of interpersonal racism were not strongly associated with poor developmental outcomes.
T1922 817818-818000 Epistemic_statement denotes Conversely, perception of racism in the area of residence was significantly associated with socioemotional difficulties (coeff 1.4, p<0.001) and spatial ability (coeff -1.4, p<0.01).
T1923 818147-818244 Epistemic_statement denotes The objective measure of area racism was found to be associated with lower spatial ability score.
T1924 818245-818438 Epistemic_statement denotes Statistical adjustment for socioeconomic factors attenuated associations, but area and objective measures remained independently associated with socioemotional difficulties and spatial ability.
T1925 818439-818537 Epistemic_statement denotes Conclusions: Parental perceptions of racism are linked to poor developmental outcomes in children.
T1926 818538-818643 Epistemic_statement denotes Economic disadvantage among ethnic minority groups appears to partly explain some of these relationships.
T1927 818644-818801 Epistemic_statement denotes Recent research has shown that motor skills in children may be an important predictor in achievement in the elementary school years (Grissmer, et al, 2009) .
T1928 818802-819003 Epistemic_statement denotes In this study we test whether early gross motor skills and early mental skills in infants and toddlers are predicted by early motor movements such as pulling up or walking with the assistance of other.
T1929 819004-819139 Epistemic_statement denotes These early skills may be important for indicating brain development that may be promoting later motor development and problem solving.
T1930 819550-819769 Epistemic_statement denotes We examined whether children were breastfeed as a parental nutrition indicator, and age child pulled themselves to standing, age of walking with help as child as indicators of early motor skills/early brain development.
T1931 820137-820288 Epistemic_statement denotes For early mental skills, being Black and household income is associated with a .02 positive increase and age walking with help (.06) was also positive.
T1932 820550-820704 Epistemic_statement denotes Though the effects are small, there is some indication that early motor and mental skills may be related to early breastfeeding and physical motor skills.
T1933 820705-820857 Epistemic_statement denotes Automobile-oriented urban design is linked with increasingly sedentary lifestyles, which are associated with an array of chronic diseases as people age.
T1934 820858-821020 Epistemic_statement denotes Yet little work has occurred on the relationships among built environment features and active transport and other physical activity (PA) forms among older adults.
T1935 821519-821844 Epistemic_statement denotes After controlling for individual and neighborhood-level sociodemographic and regional factors, walkability was positively associated with active transport (p< .0001), total PA (p= .036), leisure walking/cycling/jogging (p < .008), accelerometry-derived minutes/day of moderate or vigorous PA (p=.056), and lower BMI (p= .02).
T1936 822353-822603 Epistemic_statement denotes Results suggest the potential importance of environmental features in facilitating active transport and other healthful patterns among older adults across mobility levels, with potential benefits related to both health and independence as people age.
T1937 823558-823825 Epistemic_statement denotes Further analysis indicates small marginal changes can substantially improve probabilities of selecting walking -the probability of walking after the increase in sidewalk coverage to 60th percentile is 118.44% of the probability of walking at median sidewalk coverage.
T1938 823826-824049 Epistemic_statement denotes However, it also appeared that the influence of urban form can be overwhelmed if other factors (parental perceptions of school quality, traffic safety and crime, or even other urban form characteristics) are not supportive.
T1939 824050-824183 Epistemic_statement denotes Land use mix, a consistently significant predictor of adult travel behavior, was consistently not associated with youth school trips.
T1940 824184-824453 Epistemic_statement denotes Discussion: Travel mode may be predetermined by parents or constrained by other circumstances, and it may only be under certain circumstances -youth located in communities safe from crime and traffic that are close to school -where urban form may influence travel mode.
T1941 824454-824594 Epistemic_statement denotes There are indications that school quality may have an indirect impact on physical activity through its impact on neighborhood school choice.
T1942 824595-824740 Epistemic_statement denotes Objective: To apply an analysis of urban form and physical activity relationships to a land use planning tool in King County WA (Seattle region).
T1943 825943-826105 Epistemic_statement denotes Of the urban form variables, intersection density had the strongest association to active transportation trips and miles (β=.022 and β=.023, respectively; p<.01).
T1944 827262-827410 Epistemic_statement denotes Only 29% of pregnant women receive the recommended four antenatal visits in Nepal and reasons for such low utilisation of ANC are poorly understood.
T1945 827733-827873 Epistemic_statement denotes Our findings suggest that mothers-in-law are pivotal family members who often make decisions about ANC check ups for their daughters-in-law.
T1946 829015-829254 Epistemic_statement denotes Results: The main findings of this study relate to two themes: 'Interrelationship between antibiotic use, resistance development and environmental factors' and 'Antibiotic handling contributing to the development and spread of resistance'.
T1947 829308-829675 Epistemic_statement denotes climate variability, physiography and population growth; the socioeconomic environment affecting healthseeking behaviour and noncompliance with medication; a lack of healthcare facilities and poor professional attitudes; and ineffective law enforcement on medicine dispensing, manufacturing and disposal were viewed as possible contributors to resistance development.
T1948 829676-829950 Epistemic_statement denotes Conclusion and implication: Our study indicates that although behavioural and social environmental factors are major contributors to resistance development, changes in the physical and natural environment exacerbate these problems, and suggests further quantitative studies.
T1949 829951-830307 Epistemic_statement denotes The study also indicates a lack of information about and awareness of what constitutes prudent use of antibiotics and thus emphasizes the need for comprehensive action including information, education, dissemination and proper implementation and enforcement of legislation at all levels of drug delivery and disposal in order to rationalize antibiotic use.
T1950 830403-830620 Epistemic_statement denotes TA also interacted with positive emotions such that for males with high TA higher levels of positive emotions were associated with increased SBP (p <.05) whereas this was not true for males with low TA or for females.
T1951 830830-831026 Epistemic_statement denotes Conclusions: These data provide further evidence for the interaction of TA with negative emotions in cardiovascular reactivity and also obtained ethnic and gender differences in this relationship.
T1952 831027-831302 Epistemic_statement denotes However, the fact that TA also interacts with positive emotions in its effects on cardiovascular parameters suggests that individuals with high TA, particularly if they are Chinese and/or male, may be more generally reactive to emotional experiences, irrespective of valance.
T1953 831303-831394 Epistemic_statement denotes Theory: Memory dysfunction is correlated with reduced adherence in various patients groups.
T1954 831395-831570 Epistemic_statement denotes However, non-adherence is not only caused by memory dysfunction, as adherence is a complex behavioural regimen including planning, forming intentions and implementing actions.
T1955 831695-831869 Epistemic_statement denotes Based on a model of executive function in medical illnesses this study investigates the link between executive function and adherence to medication in heart failure patients.
T1956 832263-832385 Epistemic_statement denotes As possible confounders age, years of education, beliefs about medicines, illness perception, and depression are analyzed.
T1957 832491-832626 Epistemic_statement denotes Results: Preliminary results indicate that non-adherent patients showed worse performance on Trail-Making test and n-Back task (p<.05).
T1958 832738-832838 Epistemic_statement denotes Discussion: The role of executive function on adherence to medication has not been investigated yet.
T1959 832839-832946 Epistemic_statement denotes As medication taking involves complex regimens, executive dysfunction could explain non-adherent behaviour.
T1960 832947-833083 Epistemic_statement denotes Patients with executive dysfunction may benefit from an early screening and guided medication taking procedure to overcome this barrier.
T1961 834471-834723 Epistemic_statement denotes More than hostility (a known psychological risk indicator for heart disease), rebelliousness might be strongly related to health and heart disease via rebellious persons opposing and obstructing health campaigns aimed at modifying unhealthy behaviours.
T1962 834724-834998 Epistemic_statement denotes We set out to examine, firstly, the psychometric properties of a rebelliousness question-naire and, secondly, the extent to which rebelliousness and hostility compete in the prediction of incident heart disease and in the contribution to socioeconomic differences in health.
T1963 835284-835675 Epistemic_statement denotes Using longitudinal data (n> 2,000), we will further report on the extent to which rebelliousness is more common (than hostility) in lower socioeconomic status groups, the extent to which rebelliousness is more common (than hostility) in the etiology of heart disease, and the extent to which rebelliousness more strongly (than hostility) affects heart disease through poor health behaviours.
T1964 835676-835807 Epistemic_statement denotes The findings add to the body of evidence on the psychological pathways involved in how socioeconomic structure gets under the skin.
T1965 836002-836142 Epistemic_statement denotes However, in most population-based studies on this topic physical activity has been measured retrospectively with the help of questionnaires.
T1966 836143-836171 Epistemic_statement denotes Accordingly, bias may occur.
T1967 837048-837163 Epistemic_statement denotes First preliminary results show associations between physical activity as measured by the accelerometers and health.
T1968 837455-837638 Epistemic_statement denotes Further analyses will include a number of additional variables presumably influencing these associations like depression, lung function, and cognitive as well as physical functioning.
T1969 837639-837816 Epistemic_statement denotes First preliminary results of the IMCA-ActiFe study indicate the validity of objective measurement of physical activity and show associations of inactivity with type II diabetes.
T1970 837817-837945 Epistemic_statement denotes For the future a more clear and detailed picture of daily activity among elderly can be expected from accelerometer measurement.
T1971 837946-838026 Epistemic_statement denotes Accordingly, interventions better tailored to individual needs can be developed.
T1972 838027-838227 Epistemic_statement denotes Background: Despite the evidence that providing care to a person with dementia has adverse health consequences on caregivers, there are individual variations in their responses to the caregiving role.
T1973 841408-841774 Epistemic_statement denotes CORRESPONDING AUTHOR: Heide Glaesmer, Dr, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, 04103; Heide.Glaesmer@medizin.uni-leipzig.de Objective: To explore how African American youth cope with the diagnosis and treatment of parental breast cancer and to identify culturally sensitive ways to recruit and sustain participation of this vulnerable population in intervention programs.
T1974 842647-842820 Epistemic_statement denotes Conclusions: This study suggests that clinicians can improve the care of African American breast cancer patients and their adolescent children by being more family-centered.
T1975 842821-842979 Epistemic_statement denotes Adolescents need more developmentally appropriate preparation for the family changes likely to occur when a parent is diagnosed and treated for breast cancer.
T1976 843240-843409 Epistemic_statement denotes Background: Previous studies suggest that use of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) may have a beneficial influence on emotional well-being of cancer patients.
T1977 843410-843576 Epistemic_statement denotes Most existing studies, however, are based on small non-representative samples and have not differentiated between different types of cancer and specific types of CAM.
T1978 844378-844461 Epistemic_statement denotes Results: Overall CAM use was associated with more depressive symptoms at follow-up.
T1979 844902-845181 Epistemic_statement denotes It remains to be explored if this finding may be explained by a hidden vulnerability for depressive symptoms among women using dietary or vitamin supplements, by interaction effects with conventional treatment, or by a direct negative influence of dietary or vitamin supplements.
T1980 845182-845305 Epistemic_statement denotes Learning objective 1: To gain knowledge of the association between use of CAM and changes in QoL in breast cancer patients.
T1981 845306-845444 Epistemic_statement denotes Learning objective 2: To gain knowledge of the association between specific types of CAM use and changes in QoL in breast cancer patients.
T1982 845560-845663 Epistemic_statement denotes Yet,little research has focused on the long-term psychosocial needs of women across the care continuum.
T1983 845895-846069 Epistemic_statement denotes Questions were developed with input from a National Advisory Council of interdisciplinary experts representing advocacy, oncology,psychology,policy,industry and managed care.
T1984 847073-847148 Epistemic_statement denotes 64% would be likely to seek psychosocial support if it were free of charge.
T1985 847149-847305 Epistemic_statement denotes Discussion: Women with breast cancer recognize the importance of emotional support as part of survivorship care,yet few survivors access the care they need.
T1986 847328-847499 Epistemic_statement denotes Project,these data will inform the development of a Cancer Survivor Registry to identify behavioral trends and gaps in psychosocial care across the survivorship continuum.
T1987 847500-847647 Epistemic_statement denotes Background: Several studies have reported beneficial effects of expressive writing intervention (EWI) on emotional distress in patient populations.
T1988 847648-847843 Epistemic_statement denotes However, moderating variables are often involved and possible deleterious effects have received little attention Objectives: To explore whether the cognitive strategy of temporal comparison (i.e.
T1989 849142-849245 Epistemic_statement denotes This suggests that EWI could have an adverse effect in individuals who are not settled with their past.
T1990 849246-849345 Epistemic_statement denotes Hence, future studies may consider prescreening to optimize outcomes of EWI in patient populations.
T1991 849424-849597 Epistemic_statement denotes These inequalities may be partly due to differences in takeaway food consumption patterns as frequent fast-food consumption is associated with increased risk of weight gain.
T1992 849598-849713 Epistemic_statement denotes However, the findings of studies examining socioeconomic position (SEP) and fast-food consumption are inconsistent.
T1993 850100-850249 Epistemic_statement denotes Socioeconomic differences in the frequency (whether ate≥2 times per week) and types of takeaway food consumed were determined by logistic regression.
T1994 850529-850722 Epistemic_statement denotes However, lower educated men and women were more likely to make unhealthy takeaway choices though this difference only reached statistical significance among women (OR 2.87; 95% CI 1.51, 5.45) .
T1995 850723-850966 Epistemic_statement denotes Conclusion: Takeaway food consumption may be an important contributor to dietary intakes among adults and may contribute to socioeconomic inequalities in dietary intakes and subsequently inequalities in overweight/obesity and chronic diseases.
T1996 850967-851073 Epistemic_statement denotes Poor mental health is more prevalent among diabetic patients and may be a risk factor for worse prognosis.
T1997 851074-851218 Epistemic_statement denotes Worsening glucose metabolism appears to contribute to patient's level of distress and may be an important factor in explaining future prognosis.
T1998 851219-851341 Epistemic_statement denotes We examined associations between psychological distress, glucose metabolism and death in adults with and without diabetes.
T1999 851831-851952 Epistemic_statement denotes Distress was associated with greater cardiovascular morbidity although not with impaired glucose metabolism in diabetics.
T2000 852034-852234 Epistemic_statement denotes Distress was associated with higher risk of death (multivariate adjusted hazard ratio=1.95, 95% CI, 1.34 -2.84) after adjustment for glucose control, health behaviours, and cardiovascular comorbidity.
T2001 852235-852405 Epistemic_statement denotes The synergistic coexistence of diabetes and distress was associated with an elevated risk of all cause death, beyond that due to having either diabetes or distress alone.
T2002 852406-852578 Epistemic_statement denotes In summary, psychological distress is an independent risk factor for death in diabetic patients, but this association was not explained through impaired glucose metabolism.
T2003 852579-852682 Epistemic_statement denotes Early screening for distress may have important implications for prevention and treatment in diabetics.
T2004 852683-852808 Epistemic_statement denotes Background: Research suggests that men may underestimate both their weight and the health risks associated with their weight.
T2005 852809-852911 Epistemic_statement denotes However, there is only limited understanding of the health beliefs and health behaviours of obese men.
T2006 853699-853854 Epistemic_statement denotes Often a significant life event, for example a health scare, motivated men to recognise that their weight was a problem and that they needed to lose weight.
T2007 853902-854014 Epistemic_statement denotes They believed that their obesity was primarily caused by a lack of activity rather than their eating behaviours.
T2008 854015-854212 Epistemic_statement denotes Most strongly believed that it was their personal responsibility to lose weight and felt confident that they could achieve weight loss without the support of family members or health professionals.
T2009 854213-854338 Epistemic_statement denotes However, they wanted to be engaged in strategies that focused on improving their health and fitness, rather than weight loss.
T2010 854681-854852 Epistemic_statement denotes Conclusion: The information provided in this study informs how we can tailor medical and public health strategies for obese men that resonate with their lived experiences.
T2011 855110-855273 Epistemic_statement denotes This study aims to explore the opinions and attitudes of obese individuals towards obesity interventions aimed at the population and individual level in Australia.
T2012 856632-856780 Epistemic_statement denotes While it is well established that depression is frequently comorbid with diabetes, it is still unclear whether screening for depression has utility.
T2013 857687-857813 Epistemic_statement denotes However, only those patients in the primary care condition also improved significantly on a measure of diabetes control, HbA1.
T2014 857814-857935 Epistemic_statement denotes These findings suggest that screening for depression following by primary care is valuable in the management of diabetes.
T2015 858098-858349 Epistemic_statement denotes A major challenge to efforts to characterize peer support is, in turn, the extent to which it is culturally contingent, that is, how characteristics of support are dependent on differing cultural, social, and organizational standards, norms or values.
T2016 858350-858492 Epistemic_statement denotes What is a sensitive offer of help in one culture may be intrusive in another or too reserved and thereby indicative of disinterest in a third.
T2017 858493-858718 Epistemic_statement denotes Additionally, varying attitudes toward health, fate, life and death as well as cultural contingencies surrounding key health behaviors such as diet add complexity to efforts to promote peer support across different countries.
T2018 858719-858895 Epistemic_statement denotes To address these challenges, Peers for Progress, a global program to promote peer support in health care, has followed a strategy of "standardization by function, not content."
T2019 859289-859419 Epistemic_statement denotes This symposium will explore how this approach has been realized in peer support programs in Australia, China, Thailand and Uganda.
T2020 859843-859983 Epistemic_statement denotes From Uganda, Dr. Baumann will describe challenges faced and successes of a peer support program in small, severely under-resourced villages.
T2021 859984-860291 Epistemic_statement denotes Finally, Dr. Boothroyd will describe how these and the other eleven project of Peers for Progress have increased understanding of important features of the four key functions of peer support, identified important aspects of implementation, and addressed programmatic, cultural and organizational challenges.
T2022 862674-862871 Epistemic_statement denotes We believe the combined use of a registry, structured care protocol and peer support will make quality diabetes care more accessible, sustainable and affordable, especially in resource-scare areas.
T2023 864643-864967 Epistemic_statement denotes The program partnership with an NGO and program delivery by volunteer, lay peer leaders trained to support behavior change in people with T2DM could enhance program transfer to other countries within the Asia Pacific region, where lay workers and community health workers are already integral to delivery of health services.
T2024 865401-865587 Epistemic_statement denotes Peer Champions (n=19) were patients who attended the Mityana diabetes clinic, could speak and read English, and agreed to contact another patient with diabetes (Partner) at least weekly.
T2025 865937-866085 Epistemic_statement denotes Telephones provided were linked to a pre-paid network so that calls were free if they were to another peer or champion, or to a healthcare provider.
T2026 867185-867468 Epistemic_statement denotes Participants especially liked using pre-paid telephones to contact healthcare providers and peers and receiving written material about diabetes self-care; however, most would have preferred materials in the local language and 92% reported difficulty reading because of poor eyesight.
T2027 867469-867715 Epistemic_statement denotes In conclusion, both providers and peers were actively engaged in a program that resulted in improved glycemic control and linkages with healthcare providers; other results may be explained by the resource-poor setting and unique cultural factors.
T2028 867944-868285 Epistemic_statement denotes Observations from these provide opportunity for identifying ways in which generalizable key functions of peer support (assistance in daily management, social and emotional support, linkage to clinical care, and ongoing support) are represented in programs as well as ways in which programs are tailored to local characteristics or strengths.
T2029 868286-868557 Epistemic_statement denotes In particular, the experiences of individual projects have led not to major changes in the four key functions but to a) enhanced understanding of several of them, b) recognition of important implementation considerations, and c) attention to challenges in implementation.
T2030 869102-869372 Epistemic_statement denotes In implementation, recognition has also grown regarding the importance of integration of understanding of the role of peer support across members of the health care team so that everyone delivers a solid and common message though they may be using different "languages."
T2031 869373-869791 Epistemic_statement denotes Challenges have included the widespreaqd and substantial barriers individuals face in transportation, infrastructure (e.g., electricity), and employment, difficulties in negotiating and establishing organizational partnerships, encouraging among peer supporters a stance of "peerage" rather than teaching, and cultural challenges such as those related to roles of women, roles of patients vis a vis professionals, etc.
T2032 869792-870101 Epistemic_statement denotes The four functions of peer support that Peer for Progress has emphasized provide important structure to thinking about peer support across national lines, but, nevertheless, leave much room for attention to the kinds of needs and challenges which successful implementation in individual settings must address.
T2033 870102-870245 Epistemic_statement denotes Insomnia is one of the most common complaints in the general population, and is associated with a range of adverse consequences and conditions.
T2034 870715-870904 Epistemic_statement denotes Dr Arnstein Mykletun will then present data on the association between individual and combined anxiety/depressive symptoms and insomnia, and cause specific mortality over a 3-6 year period.
T2035 871018-871162 Epistemic_statement denotes Background: Children with a chronic illness have an increased rate of sleep problems and this has previously been related to emotional problems.
T2036 871163-871360 Epistemic_statement denotes Less is known about what specific aspects of emotional problems that contribute to sleep problems, and if sleep can predict the development of emotional problems in children with a chronic illness.
T2037 871361-871587 Epistemic_statement denotes Aim: The aim of this study was to assess the relation between sleep problems and emotional problems in general and more specifically; anxiety, perfectionism and obsessive compulsive symptoms in children with a chronic illness.
T2038 872755-872878 Epistemic_statement denotes Based on the results screening for anxiety is recommended as a part of sleep assessment in children with a chronic illness.
T2039 872879-873002 Epistemic_statement denotes Background: Depression is reported to be associated with increased mortality, although underlying mechanisms are uncertain.
T2040 873003-873150 Epistemic_statement denotes Increased cardiovascular (CVD) mortality and suicide is reported in depression, but the effect of depression on other causes of death is uncertain.
T2041 873151-873423 Epistemic_statement denotes The few studies of anxiety or insomnia in relation to mortality have produced inconclusive Results: Aims To investigate associations between individual and combined anxiety/ depression symptom loads (HADS) and insomnia, and cause specific mortality over a 3-6 year period.
T2042 873424-873550 Epistemic_statement denotes Method: We utilized a unique link between a large population survey (HUNT-2, n=61,349) and a comprehensive mortality database.
T2043 873551-873796 Epistemic_statement denotes Results: Case-level depression was associated with increased mortality (Hazard Ratio=1.52, 95% CI 1.35-1.72) comparable to that of smoking (Hazard Ratio=1.59, 95% CI 1.44-1.75), and which was only partly explained by somatic symptoms/conditions.
T2044 873990-874062 Epistemic_statement denotes The association between anxiety symptom load and mortality was U-shaped.
T2045 874306-874463 Epistemic_statement denotes The relationship between anxiety symptoms and mortality was more complex with a U-shape and highest mortality in those with the lowest anxiety symptom loads.
T2046 875966-876121 Epistemic_statement denotes Conclusions: This study suggests that the sleep of chronic users of sleep medications is no better than that of drug-free patients complaining of insomnia.
T2047 876235-876337 Epistemic_statement denotes We suggest careful sleep assessment as a prerequisite for long-term prescription of sleep medications.
T2048 876687-876902 Epistemic_statement denotes To address that question, we conducted a head-to-head comparative effectiveness randomized clinical trial (n=200) of four diet and activity interventions, all of which entailed guideline-recommended behavior change.
T2049 877073-877253 Epistemic_statement denotes Results indicated that the conventional intervention practice of increasing physical activity and decreasing fat intake produced the least improvement in overall healthy lifestyle.
T2050 877254-877442 Epistemic_statement denotes Conversely, a novel approach suggested by behavioral economic theory (increase fruits/ vegetables and decrease recreational screen time) maximized acrossthe-board healthy lifestyle change.
T2051 877443-877598 Epistemic_statement denotes To fulfill its full potential, however, comparative effectiveness research needs to extend beyond determining only what works best for the average patient.
T2052 877599-877837 Epistemic_statement denotes In the present study, for example, traditional dieting (decrease fat, increase physical activity) minimized overall healthy lifestyle change for females but maximized it for males, suggesting that gender-tailored guidance might be needed.
T2053 877838-877951 Epistemic_statement denotes Comparative effectiveness research holds potential to undergird personalized, evidence-based behavioral medicine.
T2054 877952-878139 Epistemic_statement denotes The aim is for intervention decisions to be guided by evidence that conveys what works best for particular types of individuals or communities and in different settings and circumstances.
T2055 878411-878561 Epistemic_statement denotes Moreover, depression in cardiac patients has been associated with greater than a 2-fold increase in risk for adverse clinical events, including death.
T2056 878562-878694 Epistemic_statement denotes Although effective treatments for depression are available, the optimal ways to manage depression in cardiac patients are not known.
T2057 878856-879022 Epistemic_statement denotes Recent studies of exercise in treating depression also will be reviewed, and data examining the comparative efficacy of exercise, medication and CBT will be examined.
T2058 879023-879218 Epistemic_statement denotes The added physical and mental health benefits of exercise training in treating depression in cardiac patients will be highlighted and directions for future research in the area will be discussed.
T2059 880682-880858 Epistemic_statement denotes Approximately one third of HF patients experience clinical depression symptoms, which are further associated with elevated risk of cardiovascular hospitalization and mortality.
T2060 880859-881009 Epistemic_statement denotes However, depression treatments such as cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) do not decrease morbidity/mortality in patients with coronary heart disease.
T2061 881010-881196 Epistemic_statement denotes This is not surprising since recent evidence suggests somatic but not cognitive/affective depressive symptoms have a greater association with cardiovascular-related mortality and events.
T2062 881197-881383 Epistemic_statement denotes Somatic symptoms such as fatigue and sleep disturbances are common among HF patients that may lead to physical inactivity and create a spiraling decline in physical and cardiac function.
T2063 881384-881497 Epistemic_statement denotes Indeed, physical inactivity is associated with reduced quality of life and greater morbidity and mortality in HF.
T2064 882639-882821 Epistemic_statement denotes Previous studies have suggested benefits of Qigong practice for this disease; however, its effectiveness has never been rigorously evaluated in adults diagnosed with type 2 diabetes.
T2065 884150-884240 Epistemic_statement denotes Survey data indicate that herbal therapies and mind-body therapies are most commonly used.
T2066 884392-884461 Epistemic_statement denotes However, these reviews are non-systematic and therefore open to bias.
T2067 884974-885000 Epistemic_statement denotes 12 RCTs could be included.
T2068 885122-885396 Epistemic_statement denotes The meta-analysis of four trials reporting adequate data suggested beneficial effects in favour of qigong (weighted mean difference, systolic blood pressure (mmHg) -12.06, 95% confidence interval (CI) -17.12 to -7.00; diastolic blood pressure -8.46, 95% CI -12.55 to -4.37).
T2069 885955-886063 Epistemic_statement denotes There is some encouraging evidence to suggest that qigong is effective for lowering systolic blood pressure.
T2070 886064-886121 Epistemic_statement denotes However, the conclusiveness of these findings is limited.
T2071 886122-886189 Epistemic_statement denotes Rigorously designed trials seem warranted to confirm these results.
T2072 886190-886412 Epistemic_statement denotes After-school activities provide valuable opportunities for health promotion activities that do not interfere with the regular school day, especially in minority populations with higher rates of obesity and type 2 diabetes.
T2073 887944-888199 Epistemic_statement denotes The current project provides evidence for a strong need and desire to participate in projects that are accessible and address primary prevention of chronic diseases within a population that has a high prevalence of risk factors and limited access to care.
T2074 888200-888420 Epistemic_statement denotes ( Background: Maternal employment has been shown to influence various child/adolescent outcomes such as cognitive outcomes, educational achievement, behavioural problems, overweight, selfrated health or child fatalities.
T2075 888421-888566 Epistemic_statement denotes There is, however, only limited number of studies using UK longitudinal data, and limited number of data using health measures as study outcomes.
T2076 888567-888785 Epistemic_statement denotes The aim of this study is to cover these gaps by looking at influence of maternal employment in three periods of childhood on health outcomes among young people aged 16-21 years in British Household Panel Survey (BHPS).
T2077 889319-889436 Epistemic_statement denotes Regression modeling in STATA 10 was used to estimate the associations between study outcomes and maternal employment.
T2078 889684-889899 Epistemic_statement denotes Children of mothers who were not employed reported OR of poor SRH 1.48, 1.11 and 1.28 for 3 periods of exposure, however these effects were mostly explained when adjusted for maternal education and household income.
T2079 890006-890240 Epistemic_statement denotes Conclusions: The associations between maternal employment in childhood and young adults' health exist at least partly because of the generally higher social position and more stable family structure of households with working mothers.
T2080 890438-890604 Epistemic_statement denotes Participation in cancer screening has been thought to follow the continuum of resistance model, which assumes the same factors influence early and late participation.
T2081 891214-891388 Epistemic_statement denotes Early participation was associated with employment status and barriers to screening, with retired people more likely to screen early than employed people (relative risk RR=1.
T2082 891715-891774 Epistemic_statement denotes However, participation in this program has been suboptimal.
T2083 892150-892470 Epistemic_statement denotes Specific aims were to examine (1) whether changes in knowledge and attitudes after exposure to the PDS were moderated by the perceived usability and acceptability of the tool, and (2) test the degree to which perceived usability was dependent on "technophobia" as measured by computer anxiety and computer self-efficacy.
T2084 892471-892610 Epistemic_statement denotes Little is known about how breast cancer and beliefs about mammography relate to psychological distress assessed at the time of mammography.
T2085 892787-892922 Epistemic_statement denotes A key goal of this study was to examine associations between perceived risk and anxiety, depression, and mammography specific distress.
T2086 893691-894176 Epistemic_statement denotes Multiple linear regression analyses showed that anxiety and mammography specific distress were positively associated with perceived risk in breast cancer survivors, but these associations were not found in women with no cancer history Background: Although we have some knowledge on general practitioners' (GP) practices on sick-listing in general, there is scarce knowledge about how they make their assessments especially in the most complex cases of medically unexplained conditions.
T2087 894177-894341 Epistemic_statement denotes Aims: The aim of this study was to explore on considerations made by GPs when dealing with sick-listing of patients suffering from medically unexplained conditions.
T2088 894788-894908 Epistemic_statement denotes Results: Sick-listing patients with medically unexplained disorders was regarded as a very challenging task by many GPs.
T2089 895045-895352 Epistemic_statement denotes Several factors which may influence the decision making regarding sickleave were identified: To which extent the patient manage to present his story, extensive prior knowledge of the patient, but also properties within the doctor himself: own experience as a patient, tendency to avoid conflicts and others.
T2090 895353-895524 Epistemic_statement denotes Strategies in dealing with sick-listing would be to initially comply with the patient's request in order to build alliance and then start to motivate for a return to work.
T2091 895525-895711 Epistemic_statement denotes Confrontation when they disagreed strongly on a sick note was another strategy mentioned, but at the same time risking that the patient would leave them for a more cooperative colleague.
T2092 896287-896491 Epistemic_statement denotes We defined catastrophic health spending (on both inpatient and outpatient) as a level of health spending that exceeds 40% of a household's ability to pay, although other thresholds are obviously possible.
T2093 896609-896970 Epistemic_statement denotes This is primarily due to low levels of insurance coverage and a heavy concentration of the uninsured among the less well off and rural populations as well as poor quality and low levels of access to public services for the poor, stagnant or declining government spending on health and increasing privatization that likely has resulted in rising treatment costs.
T2094 897112-897361 Epistemic_statement denotes With health system characteristics and an economic structure similar to many other developing countries, international experience provides useful lessons to help Guatemala devise innovative financing and payment mechanisms to address these concerns.
T2095 897362-897544 Epistemic_statement denotes The aim of this research is to demonstrate why in global governance Pareto principle from an economic perspective and liberty principle from a political perspective are incompatible.
T2096 897818-898012 Epistemic_statement denotes Two rival hypotheses, global Pareto condition and national liberty condition, are tested in the empirical evaluation of the foreign aid conditional on the Washington Consensus from 1989 to 1999.
T2097 898580-898877 Epistemic_statement denotes Furthermore, responding to the criticism of "what causes what" in the relationship of underdevelopment and foreign aid, oil price and oil reserve are introduced as instrumental variable (IV) into the model to isolate the causation of foreign aid on social developments, especially health outcomes.
T2098 899433-899598 Epistemic_statement denotes Previous studies have found the associations between major depression and gene polymorphisms such as serotonin transporter gene linked polymorphic region (5-HTTLPR).
T2099 899599-899809 Epistemic_statement denotes Since fatty acid (FA) metabolism appear to contribute to the pathoaetiology of affective disorders, we examined the associations between depressive symptoms and genetic variation in FA metabolism-related genes.
T2100 900089-900181 Epistemic_statement denotes Selected gene polymorphisms associated with FA metabolism as well as 5-HTTLPR were analysed.
T2101 900566-900681 Epistemic_statement denotes Regression analysis also confirmed some other gene polymorphisms significantly associated with depressive symptoms.
T2102 900682-900801 Epistemic_statement denotes [Conclusion] Some gene polymorphisms associated with FA metabolism may affect depressive symptoms as the 5-HTTLPR does.
T2103 900894-901289 Epistemic_statement denotes The overall effect size found for the association between depression and IVF-outcome was statistically significant, with a higher number of depressive symptoms being associated with reduced pregnancy chances (ESr=−0,06, failsafe N=114, p<0.05 Growing evidence shows that that elevated stress during pregnancy may increase the risk of preterm delivery and other pregnancy and birth complications.
T2104 901290-901576 Epistemic_statement denotes Neuroendocrine, immune, inflammatory, and cardiovascular factors have been suggested as possible mediators of the relationship between stress and birth outcomes, and recent data suggest that stress-related changes in cytokine production and inflammation may contribute to these effects.
T2105 901577-901783 Epistemic_statement denotes Work in our laboratory has focused on quantifying the effects of perceived stress and social support on pregnancy outcome and the degree to which neural-immune interactions may be involved in these effects.
T2106 902308-902697 Epistemic_statement denotes Additional studies began to connect these findings to the likelihood of premature delivery and other complications of pregnancy, and have started to demonstrate that indeed, increased stress and distress early in pregnancy is related not only to elevations in inflammatory mediators in the prenatal period, but is also associated with higher frequency of pregnancy and birth complications.
T2107 902698-902881 Epistemic_statement denotes Most recently, our work has focused on the role of maternal ethnicity and acculturation in the impact of stress on pregnancy, and on the role of catecholamines in these relationships.
T2108 902882-903095 Epistemic_statement denotes Elevated proinflammatory cytokines were lower levels of support and higher stress throughout pregnancy, and higher social support was associated with higher levels of anti-inflammatory cytokines late in pregnancy.
T2109 903096-903384 Epistemic_statement denotes Moreover, elevated inflammatory markers were related to higher pregnancy-specific distress early in gestation, as well as lower 1-minute APGAR scores, lower gestational age at birth, and increased occurrence of birth complications including meconium aspiration, nuchal cord, and asphyxia.
T2110 903385-903583 Epistemic_statement denotes Together, these studies indicate that psychosocial factors are related to increases in inflammatory mediators and subsequently, increased risk of pregnancy complications and untoward birth outcomes.
T2111 904452-904726 Epistemic_statement denotes The CAGE questionnaire score, the score of drinking-related problems and mean annual intake of alcohol were used as the outcomes, and regression modelling was used to analyze the association between the exposures and the outcomes taking range of covariates into the account.
T2112 905295-905539 Epistemic_statement denotes Conclusions: While the alcohol-related problems and alcohol abuse are more likely among those who perceive the social and economic changes as negative, the amount of consumed alcohol is significantly higher among the "winners" of social change.
T2113 906530-906734 Epistemic_statement denotes The results of this study indicated that alcohol-related deaths increased substantially among persons aged 50-69 years after the price reduction when trends and seasonal variation were taken into account.
T2114 907522-907656 Epistemic_statement denotes These findings suggest that reduction in alcohol prices may lead to a substantial increase in alcohol-related mortality and morbidity.
T2115 907657-907715 Epistemic_statement denotes However, large population group differences were observed.
T2116 907716-907829 Epistemic_statement denotes Those in the older age groups may even benefit from cheaper alcohol in terms of decreased rates of CVD mortality.
T2117 907919-908145 Epistemic_statement denotes The population group differences in the effects of price changes should be acknowledged, and therefore, the actions of policy should be focused on the population subgroups which are primarily responsive to the price reduction.
T2118 908627-908848 Epistemic_statement denotes Exercise adherence was defined as the extent to which a person's behaviordoing home exercises, home activities and being more physically active -corresponds with agreed recommendations by the patient's physical therapist.
T2119 908849-909033 Epistemic_statement denotes The association between exercise adherence and patients' outcome on pain, physical function and selfperceived effect was examined using generalized estimating equations (GEE) analyses.
T2120 909034-909264 Epistemic_statement denotes Results: Adherence to recommended home exercises and being more physically active was significantly associated with better treatment outcome on pain, self-reported physical function, physical performance and self-perceived effect.
T2121 909265-909336 Epistemic_statement denotes The association between adherence and outcome was consistent over time.
T2122 909337-909420 Epistemic_statement denotes Adherence to home activities was only associated with better self-perceived effeCT.
T2123 909421-909632 Epistemic_statement denotes Conclusion: Better adherence to recommended home exercises as well as being more physically active improves the long-term effectiveness of exercise therapy in patients with osteoarthritis of the hip and/or knee.
T2124 909633-909791 Epistemic_statement denotes Both within and after the treatment period better adherence is associated with better patients' outcome on pain, physical function, and self-perceived effect.
T2125 909792-909941 Epistemic_statement denotes Since exercise adherence declines over time, future research should focus on how exercise behavior can be stimulated and maintained in the long-term.
T2126 910208-910257 Epistemic_statement denotes However this mechanistic approach is ineffective.
T2127 910258-910338 Epistemic_statement denotes Moreover, such treatments can result in physical and psychological iatrogenesis.
T2128 910339-910507 Epistemic_statement denotes In contrast, a growing evidence-base recognises the effectiveness of psychological interventions for OFP, suggesting a role for psychological services within dentistry.
T2129 910508-910660 Epistemic_statement denotes In order to translate research into practice, further understanding is needed of patients' and physicians' current experience of OFP and its management.
T2130 911244-911469 Epistemic_statement denotes Whilst both sets of participants recognised the role that psychological factors could play in the development and maintenance of OFP, management and self-management strategies were largely limited to biomedical interventions.
T2131 911992-912196 Epistemic_statement denotes Objectives: Reaching the rehabilitation goals the doctor and the patient have agreed on appears to be important, and there is presumed to be a correlation between goal attainment and patient satisfaction.
T2132 912197-912386 Epistemic_statement denotes The main goal of the study was the detailed assessment of patient satisfaction and the investigation of the correlation between patient satisfaction and the setting and attainment of goals.
T2133 913246-913508 Epistemic_statement denotes With regards to the number of attained or non-attained goals it was found, that both had a significant relationship with patient satisfaction, but the non-attaining of goals (r=−.55) was more closely related with patient satisfaction than the attainment (r=.40).
T2134 913613-913757 Epistemic_statement denotes The explicit consideration of goal setting in the rehabilitation process as well as the assessment of goal attainment appears to be unavoidable.
T2135 913758-913929 Epistemic_statement denotes Evidence-based practice (EBP) can be defined as accountable health care policy that conscientiously funds those interventions whose effectiveness is supported by research.
T2136 913930-914075 Epistemic_statement denotes As applied to particular individuals, communities or populations, EBP uses best available evidence to make decisions about how to promote health.
T2137 914682-914874 Epistemic_statement denotes However, a number of challenges surround the uptake of evidencebased practices, especially when interventions are introduced into cultures very different than those from which they originated.
T2138 915490-915660 Epistemic_statement denotes Discussant, Stephen Weiss will synopsize lessons learned about the process of engaging in evidence-based practice when the relevance of the available research is unclear.
T2139 915661-915793 Epistemic_statement denotes Presenters will address three issues: 1) How can an evidence-based intervention best be tailored to a local individual or community?
T2140 916151-916340 Epistemic_statement denotes However, in almost three decades of the HIV/AIDS epidemic, we are still not sure which interventions work best in preventing HIV transmission in different communities and cultural settings.
T2141 916734-916886 Epistemic_statement denotes The evidence provided by RCTs was graded in four different levels: best (80% or more), good (60-79%), promising (30-59%) and poor or no evidence (<30%).
T2142 917416-917709 Epistemic_statement denotes Treatment of STI, a microbicide called PRO2000, the RV144 Thailand vaccine trial and a structural community RCT that reduced intimate partner violence were classified as promising evidence HIV prevention interventions as they had achieved between 30 and 59% level of efficacy or effectiveness.
T2143 917816-917871 Epistemic_statement denotes We will present the effect size of these interventions.
T2144 918113-918252 Epistemic_statement denotes A community should choose to use a combination of interventions that best suits their context from among best, good or promising practices.
T2145 918253-918414 Epistemic_statement denotes (2) How to extend the reach of such programs to low and middle income countries, as the current trial evidence based in such countries is currently very limited?
T2146 919724-919932 Epistemic_statement denotes There is an urgent need for more collaborative and coordinated approaches that compare and contrast methods for adapting and spreading effective intervention programs between settings, regions, and countries.
T2147 920847-920994 Epistemic_statement denotes The aim of this study in progress is to evaluate decision navigation using the SCOPED question-listing and note taking process within NHS Scotland.
T2148 922321-922397 Epistemic_statement denotes Discussion: It is premature to draw conclusions from these preliminary data.
T2149 922398-922567 Epistemic_statement denotes Eventual differences in impact of decision navigation between breast and prostate patients may be attributable to the greater degree of choice left to prostate patients.
T2150 923940-924200 Epistemic_statement denotes Fifteen of 16 patients surveyed (94%) reported bringing their question list to their provider appointment, 13 (81%) thought the question list contributed to a more productive appointment, and 13 (81%) reported their oncologist answered most of their questions.
T2151 924337-924591 Epistemic_statement denotes Discussion: Preliminary findings suggest use of the SCOPED process for question-listing among blood cancer patients in a community-based setting may be associated with improvements on psychosocial measures and with enhanced enrollment in clinical trials.
T2152 925300-925402 Epistemic_statement denotes In an event-related fMRI study we investigated neural correlates of the hypothesized fear of movement.
T2153 926062-926231 Epistemic_statement denotes However, in a random effects analysis, CLBP patients with high fear avoidance did not differ from those with low fear avoidance or controls with regard to this contrast.
T2154 926901-927074 Epistemic_statement denotes Regarding neural correlates such no such differences were found, thereby casting doubt on the concept of fear avoidance as a process primarily driven by fear or phobic fear.
T2155 927075-927227 Epistemic_statement denotes We examined the hypotheses that sex and gender, assessed by the Bem Sex Role Inventory, modulate responsiveness to experimentally induced pressure pain.
T2156 927228-927320 Epistemic_statement denotes Furthermore various psychological variables assumed to be potential mediators were assessed.
T2157 927714-927782 Epistemic_statement denotes Against our hypothesis gender role did not influence pain behaviour.
T2158 928569-928660 Epistemic_statement denotes Fear of pain seems to mediate the effect of sex on pain responsiveness, at least partially.
T2159 928661-928778 Epistemic_statement denotes Chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) is a debilitating disorder for which no single etiological factor has been identified.
T2160 928779-928864 Epistemic_statement denotes Stress has been suggested to play a role in the manifestation and maintenance of CFS.
T2161 929021-929145 Epistemic_statement denotes However, no studies have simultaneously measured and analyzed multiple characteristics of stress in one single study of CFS.
T2162 929587-929725 Epistemic_statement denotes This model shows a strong effect of maladaptive personality features on CFS symptoms, in part mediated by adult chronic stress and coping.
T2163 929963-930017 Epistemic_statement denotes Our findings indicate the importance of stress in CFS.
T2164 930160-930249 Epistemic_statement denotes Future studies should include longitudinal designs in order to test causal relationships.
T2165 930250-930420 Epistemic_statement denotes It seems critical to devote research resources to a detailed understanding of the processes that lead from stress to CFS in order to improve current treatment strategies.
T2166 930548-930792 Epistemic_statement denotes Despite the debates about methods for measuring workload, there is a high level of agreement that faculty members devote large amounts of time to their work, causing high levels of stress, and affecting their well-being and work commitment and.
T2167 930793-931046 Epistemic_statement denotes This study explores relatively underexamined questions related to factors affecting faculty members and their intention to leave their jobs, such as work demands, control over work, work-related rewards and stress pertinent to work in academic settings.
T2168 931969-932171 Epistemic_statement denotes The results show significant bivariate associations between faculty's desire to leave their jobs with the majority of indicators related to workload, control over work, rewards, and work-related stress.
T2169 932172-932559 Epistemic_statement denotes Multiple logistic regression analysis, controlled for relevant demographic factors (age, sex and years of service), shows that faculty who perceive low control over work demonstrate the strongest likelihood of leaving their jobs (adjusted odds, AO= 3.775), followed by those who perceive lack of rewards (AO= 2.402), high work-related stress (AO = 2.363), and higher workload (AO=2.278).
T2170 932560-932899 Epistemic_statement denotes Conclusions: Similarly to the growing number of studies demonstrating that the control-demand and effort-reward models complement each other, this study identifies the important roles of both models of work-related stress, but suggests that among faculty members, control over work plays a highly important role in their intention to quit.
T2171 933568-933663 Epistemic_statement denotes Findings support the high incidence of distress in Portuguese nurses reported in other studies.
T2172 935542-935770 Epistemic_statement denotes CONCLUSION: This study suggests that a variety of preventive measures targeted at smoking, obesity, physical load, psychosocial work factors as well as work ability will contribute to a reduction in the occurrence of sick leave.
T2173 935885-936009 Epistemic_statement denotes Yet, widowers have relatively higher excess mortality rate after the loss than widows compared to non-bereaved counterparts.
T2174 936010-936234 Epistemic_statement denotes When nonbereaved controls are not taken into account, widowers and widows show similar frequencies of symptoms and gender differences in coping with spousal bereavement appear to be relatively stable across previous studies.
T2175 936235-936469 Epistemic_statement denotes Objectives: The aim was to investigate the importance of gender in relationship to other risk factors for poor bereavement outcome, using an integrative framework to enable the relative impact of different variables to be established.
T2176 936470-936694 Epistemic_statement denotes Methods: 296 elderly bereaved people (Mean=73 years, 38% men) were examined at 2, 6, 13, and 18 months post loss using self-report scales measuring posttraumatic stress, coping style, crisis support, and personality factors.
T2177 937485-937673 Epistemic_statement denotes Conclusion: Stable, interpersonal traits such as emotional coping style may predict bereavement outcome well for widows, while strong early distress may be a better predictor for widowers.
T2178 937745-937868 Epistemic_statement denotes These results indicate that false conclusions will be reached, particularly regarding widower's reactions, if this is done.
T2179 937869-938033 Epistemic_statement denotes Age-related subclinical brain pathology is associated with poor health outcomes, though relations with health related quality of life (HRQoL) are poorly understood.
T2180 938887-939022 Epistemic_statement denotes Results revealed that for women, SCD was negatively related to the Mental Component Score of the SF-36 (MCS; rsq=−.09, b=−4.26, p=.02).
T2181 939023-939134 Epistemic_statement denotes For men, BA was negatively related to the Physical Component Score of the SF-36 (PCS; rsq=.06, b=−1.58, p=.04).
T2182 939135-939306 Epistemic_statement denotes Results suggest that deleterious changes in brain structure (particularly SCD) are related to poorer outcomes in mental health dimensions of older women's quality of life.
T2183 939484-939872 Epistemic_statement denotes OBJECTIVES: Objective of this study was to investigate relationship between self-reported functional disabilities and measured physical performance among aged homecare clients DESIGN: Baseline measurement of a physical performance intervention SETTING: Health centers in six semi-urban and rural municipalities in Finland PARTICIPANTS: One hundred and seventy-one aged (>mean age 82 yrs.)
T2184 940237-940363 Epistemic_statement denotes RESULTS: Significant correlations were found between the number of functional limitations and the measured performance status.
T2185 940364-940891 Epistemic_statement denotes Self reported disabilities were strongly related to the measures of physical performance and in the hierarchical regression model these variables explained 40% of the variance of the functional limitations CONCLUSIONS: Self-reported difficulties in the ADL and IADL activities were in line with previous studies indicating that the progression of physical disability follows a hierarchical pattern, starting with difficulties in mobility, progressing to difficulties with IADLs, and, finally, culminating in problems with ADLs.
T2186 940892-940997 Epistemic_statement denotes A threshold of physical performance on/above which people seem to report no/minimal disability was found.
T2187 940998-941107 Epistemic_statement denotes However, even a high performance status does not entirely protect a person from having multiple disabilities.
T2188 941108-941361 Epistemic_statement denotes Present study indicated that physical performance measures are independent predictors of functional disability and therefore interventions should directly address factors associated with physical performance in order to enhance autonomy of aged persons.
T2189 942758-942923 Epistemic_statement denotes Interactions of education and income with time of frailty measurement suggested that the association of education and income with frailty increased during follow-up.
T2190 943143-943349 Epistemic_statement denotes This suggests that differences in vulnerability late in life may account for socioeconomic inequalities in health at even later stages of life, but also that reversing these inequalities is partly feasible.
T2191 943494-943697 Epistemic_statement denotes The goal of the study is to identify individuals at risk for Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) in order to help develop early treatment for the prevention of Alzheimer's disease and other mental disorders.
T2192 944636-944731 Epistemic_statement denotes Results: Hypothesis is supported by cognitive assessment analysis of 143 research participants.
T2193 944732-944948 Epistemic_statement denotes These results support that 55% of the older adults attending the community Eye Clinic showed at least one abnormal score in one of the cognitive tests, indicative of mild cognitive impairment or cognitive impairment.
T2194 944993-945096 Epistemic_statement denotes Little is known about the long-term effects of group intervention programs targeting physical exercise.
T2195 945787-946129 Epistemic_statement denotes Results also revealed significant intervention effects on cognitive mediator variables: the IG reported enhanced self-efficacy and more positive balance of outcome expectations at six months as well as stronger goal intentions, more elaborated implementation intentions, and optimized strategies of intention shielding at 12 months follow-up.
T2196 946306-946508 Epistemic_statement denotes Aim of study: This community-based exploratory study investigated the results of supervised low technology training on function, physical activity, and falls in older people with functional limitations.
T2197 947216-947379 Epistemic_statement denotes Results: At baseline 86% used walking aid, 89% had balance problems and 62 % had fallen during the previous year, and 3% met the physical activity recommendations.
T2198 948294-948486 Epistemic_statement denotes However, there are very few studies to date that have sought to determine the relationship between objective functional status evaluations and subjective QoL measures in individuals after TBI.
T2199 948487-948655 Epistemic_statement denotes The purpose of this study was to explore the relationship between functional status and QoL over time controlling for demographics and injury severity after severe TBI.
T2200 949219-949485 Epistemic_statement denotes A mixed effects model for repeated measures was performed to examine the relationship between each measure of functional status and QoL overall in patients 6 and 12 months after TBI while controlling for age, gender, injury severity and QoL at baseline respectively.
T2201 949559-949694 Epistemic_statement denotes Baseline overall QoL and GOS were both significantly and positively correlated with the overall post-TBI trajectory QoL score (P<0.01).
T2202 949695-949794 Epistemic_statement denotes DRS was significantly and inversely associated with overall post-TBI trajectory QoL score (P<0.01).
T2203 950105-950242 Epistemic_statement denotes Baseline QoL before TBI and objective global function measures (GOS and DRS) are strongly associated with long term QoL for TBI patients.
T2204 950243-950349 Epistemic_statement denotes For frail elderly persons, exercise is essential to preserve functional fitness and quality of life (QOL).
T2205 950350-950572 Epistemic_statement denotes Municipalities in Japan offer elderly persons interventions consisting of groupbased exercise sessions and behavioral counseling; however, for a variety of reasons, many individuals do not participate in the interventions.
T2206 952036-952141 Epistemic_statement denotes If elderly individuals need a great amount of socialization, a highfrequency intervention is recommended.
T2207 952383-952786 Epistemic_statement denotes Because we have reported continued improvements in PA 3 months after completing a PA behavior change intervention for BCS, our study aim was to determine if the change in social cognitive theory (SCT) constructs during the intervention mediated the effect of our intervention on PA. We randomized 41 BCS to receive a SCTbased 3-month PA behavior change intervention (INT; n=21) or usual care (UC; n=20).
T2208 954004-954141 Epistemic_statement denotes Our results suggest that reducing barriers may partially explain the ability of our intervention to demonstrate longer term PA adherence.
T2209 954142-954260 Epistemic_statement denotes Treating pediatric obesity is essential to reduce adult morbidity and mortality and improve the health of obese youth.
T2210 955207-955356 Epistemic_statement denotes Multiple regression analysis suggested that caloric reduction from baseline to 6-month was associated with decreases in BMI z-score (β=−0.11, p<.05).
T2211 955357-955490 Epistemic_statement denotes However, when parental compliance with nutrition visits was included in the regression, change in calories was no longer significant.
T2212 955634-955751 Epistemic_statement denotes Findings suggest that promoting intake of essential nutrients may be more challenging than reducing excessive intake.
T2213 955752-955832 Epistemic_statement denotes Additional gender specific strategies for dietary modification may be warranted.
T2214 955833-955959 Epistemic_statement denotes Further, increased parental participation in adolescent weight management programs is also recommended to enhance weight loss.
T2215 955960-956024 Epistemic_statement denotes Regular physical activity (PA) is a challenge for obese persons.
T2216 956025-956149 Epistemic_statement denotes It is even more challenging for obese persons with either depression or pain, but the impact of these conditions may differ.
T2217 956581-956784 Epistemic_statement denotes Of the sample, 62.4 % reported a painful medical condition (i.e., either arthritic joint pain or back pain) and 48.5% reported a clinically significant Patient Health Questionnaire-9 depression score≥15.
T2218 956785-956863 Epistemic_statement denotes Reporting a pain condition was marginally associated with depression (p=.064).
T2219 957399-957504 Epistemic_statement denotes Veterans with pain (but not depression) were less likely to report engaging in weekly PA (X2=4.0, p<.05).
T2220 957505-957648 Epistemic_statement denotes Results suggest that although frequently comorbid in obese Veterans, depression and pain are associated with different perceived PA challenges.
T2221 957649-957923 Epistemic_statement denotes Depressed Veterans are more likely to report energy and motivational barriers to PA, while Veterans with pain are specifically concerned about hurting themselves during exercise and are less confident that they could actually engage in exercise under challenging conditions.
T2222 957924-958001 Epistemic_statement denotes In turn, veterans with pain are less likely to engage in any weekly activity.
T2223 958002-958162 Epistemic_statement denotes Aim: We examined whether experience of health care discrimination was associated with weight gain in normal weight, moderate obese and severe obese individuals.
T2224 958599-958804 Epistemic_statement denotes Multiple linear regression analyses were performed investigating the association between weight gain and health care discrimination controlling for a range of socio-demographic and psychological variables.
T2225 959205-959301 Epistemic_statement denotes Health care discrimination was not associated with weight gain in men (-0.3 kg 95%CI -1.8; 1.1).
T2226 959340-959475 Epistemic_statement denotes In severe obese women, experience of health care discrimination was associated with an average weight gain of 6.3 kg (95%CI 1.0; 11.6).
T2227 959666-959814 Epistemic_statement denotes Public responses have focused on alerting individuals to the risks associated with obesity and the urgent need for intervention and self-regulation.
T2228 959815-959903 Epistemic_statement denotes However, there is limited understanding of the impact of these messages on obese adults.
T2229 959904-960158 Epistemic_statement denotes This study sought to explore obese individuals' perceptions and attitudes of population based obesity messaging in Australia, how they applied these messages to themselves and how personal and social contexts and experiences influenced these perceptions.
T2230 961458-961653 Epistemic_statement denotes Conclusion: This study is the first step in exploring the ways in which we understand how obesity messages resonate with obese individuals in Australia and influence their weight loss behaviours.
T2231 961654-961842 Epistemic_statement denotes However, further qualitative and quantitative research is needed before we fully understand the impact of obesity messaging on the health beliefs, behaviours and wellbeing of obese adults.
T2232 961843-962010 Epistemic_statement denotes Objective: Bariatric surgery has been indicated as a preferential treatment for morbid obesity and is associated with a set of physical and psychological improvements.
T2233 962011-962216 Epistemic_statement denotes The aim of our study was to characterize the current functioning and the physical and psychological health problems of bariatric surgery candidates in the surgery moment, in a follow-up of 6 and 12 months.
T2234 962561-962738 Epistemic_statement denotes Preliminary results indicate that at the time of surgery, participants reported more passive coping, more problems and physical health complaints than in the 6 months follow-up.
T2235 962961-963111 Epistemic_statement denotes There is an improvement on current functioning and quality of life after 6 months, however, these gains are going to be blurring the end of 12 months.
T2236 963112-963215 Epistemic_statement denotes Obese seem to use more passive coping strategies and do not actively involve in solving their problems.
T2237 963928-964073 Epistemic_statement denotes Surprisingly however, there is a paucity of psychological studies targeting the management of stress and depressive disorders in this population.
T2238 964074-964378 Epistemic_statement denotes Similarly, there are only a very limited number of studies that have evaluated the efficacy of psychotherapy programs tailored for other types of oncology populations (including breast, prostate, and gastro-intestinal cancers) specifically suffering from clinically elevated anxiety or mood disturbances.
T2239 964379-964525 Epistemic_statement denotes Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (CBT) has been shown to be helpful in managing anxiety and depression in various psychiatric and health populations.
T2240 964526-964784 Epistemic_statement denotes Several studies have found the early application of a brief version of CBT, to be a useful treatment in reducing severe acute stress, as well as preventing the development of chronic psychological disorders in survivors following non-cancer traumatic events.
T2241 964785-965037 Epistemic_statement denotes Accordingly, the aim of the present RCT study (still in progress) was to test an early, brief (6-session) CBT program in reducing clinically elevated posttraumatic stress and depressive responses in newly diagnosed HNC patients undergoing radiotherapy.
T2242 965584-965749 Epistemic_statement denotes The results to date indicate that the CBT program is effective in reducing both posttraumatic stress and depressive symptoms, as well as enhancing social well-being.
T2243 965750-965931 Epistemic_statement denotes Findings will be discussed in context of the utility of this early brief intervention in treating acute stress and preventing chronic psychopathology in traumatized cancer patients.
T2244 965932-966075 Epistemic_statement denotes Discussion will also focus on logistical considerations in conducting psychotherapy concurrent with medical treatments in oncology populations.
T2245 967526-967606 Epistemic_statement denotes There was an association between changes in stress symptoms and cortisol levels.
T2246 967607-967771 Epistemic_statement denotes This study indicates that increased levels of mindfulness can potentially explain reduction of stress symptoms resulting from mindfulness stress reduction training.
T2247 967862-967956 Epistemic_statement denotes The importance of these findings for future research in the field of mindfulness is discussed.
T2248 968163-968495 Epistemic_statement denotes Methods: Breast cancer patients (n=507; mean age 53.6) were recruited following completion of adjuvant treatment randomly assigned to 3 weekly 20 min home-based writing exercises involving either: 1) emotional disclosure (EWI) about one of their most traumatic experiences, or 2) a control topic (CTRL) of how they spend their time.
T2249 969091-969203 Epistemic_statement denotes The results continued to be statistically significant (p=.045) with potential confounders included in the model.
T2250 969204-969454 Epistemic_statement denotes Conclusions: An expressive writing intervention may have positive effects on health outcomes among breast cancer patients high in repressive coping, suggesting the potential utility of targeting the intervention to such individuals in future studies.
T2251 969558-969745 Epistemic_statement denotes The Teachable Moment (TM) model suggests that there are certain times when an individual is especially ready to change behavior and thus, open to receiving messages about behavior change.
T2252 969746-969971 Epistemic_statement denotes According to the TM model, experiences that jointly (1) increase risk perceptions, (2) prompt concordant emotional responses, and (3) impact selfconcept may offer a powerful motivational context for promoting behavior change.
T2253 969972-970085 Epistemic_statement denotes Further, tailoring smoking cessation interventions on TM components may increase the salience of health messages.
T2254 970210-970347 Epistemic_statement denotes Further, the relationship between desire to quit and engagement with and reactions to self-help smoking cessation materials was examined.
T2255 970644-970773 Epistemic_statement denotes Study results indicated that components of the TM model were related to desire to quit in family members of lung cancer patients.
T2256 970910-971198 Epistemic_statement denotes In a final path analysis model that controlled for age, sex, ethnicity, education and smoking rate, the construct of perceived individual risk of cancer was identified as a mediator of the relationship between having a family member with a diagnosis of lung cancer and quitting intention.
T2257 971392-971574 Epistemic_statement denotes Those with a higher desire to quit were more likely to report that the information in the tailored booklet applied to them, and was new to them, interesting, trustworthy, and moving.
T2258 971575-971719 Epistemic_statement denotes Finally, family members with a higher desire to quit were more likely to say that the information in the booklet make them want to quit smoking.
T2259 971720-972003 Epistemic_statement denotes Evidence from this initial study indicates that the TM model provides a strong conceptual framework for (1) identifying specific determinants of desire to quit among family members of lung cancer patients; and (2) developing effective tailored selfhelp materials for this population.
T2260 972004-972158 Epistemic_statement denotes These data suggest that the concept of the teachable moment may be adopted and adapted for the smoking cessation in the oncology context in Indian set up.
T2261 973660-973743 Epistemic_statement denotes Preliminary analyses could not confirm an effect of the intervention on qlobal qol.
T2262 973744-973805 Epistemic_statement denotes This might be due to methodological limitations of the study.
T2263 973806-974015 Epistemic_statement denotes However, the effect of the intervention on the different domains of quality of life and other outcome measures at the 6-and 12-month follow up taking into account clinical variables still needs to be examined.
T2264 974016-974132 Epistemic_statement denotes Prenatal stress seem to have a significant impacts on the biological and psychological development in the offspring.
T2265 974133-974311 Epistemic_statement denotes In particular, prenatal stress is associated with long-term disturbances in HPA axis function.A sample of 115 10-year old children was examined in a cross-sectional study design.
T2266 975252-975398 Epistemic_statement denotes Referring to the data for the heart rate in response to the TSST-C a trend towards significance was revealed (F(15.069, 836.313) = 1.505, p=.096).
T2267 976075-976170 Epistemic_statement denotes Background: Previous work suggests that family conflict impacts adversely on child development.
T2268 976171-976274 Epistemic_statement denotes But it is not clear to what extent these relationships might hold in a contemporary population setting.
T2269 976275-976483 Epistemic_statement denotes Objectives: 1. to examine the extent to which markers of parental conflict are associated with child development 2. to assess the influence of socioeconomic and psychosocial factors in observed relationships.
T2270 976554-976793 Epistemic_statement denotes Questions on parental conflict -whether they felt they were on the brink of separation and on the experience of physical force/violence in the relationship were answered by both parents when cohort members were age 9 months, 3 and 5 years.
T2271 976894-977260 Epistemic_statement denotes Results: Girls and boys whose mothers felt they were on the brink of separation from their partner were shorter (girls 109.0 vs 110.3, boys 110.9 vs 111.3 cm), more likely to have socioemotional difficulties (girls 9.7 vs 4.1, boys 15.7 vs 6.4%) and lower verbal test scores (girls 55.5 vs 57.1, boys 52.9 vs 56.5) compared with children where this was not the case.
T2272 977531-977729 Epistemic_statement denotes For boys differences in the likelihood of socioemotional difficulties and verbal ability were reduced on adjustment for socioeconomic and psychosocial factors but remained statistically significant.
T2273 977730-977906 Epistemic_statement denotes Conclusion: Children living in homes in which there was likely family conflict had poorer developmental outcomes compared with children living in more favourable circumstances.
T2274 977985-978133 Epistemic_statement denotes Objective: The aim of the study was to ascertain the prevalence of multiple pains (MP) and detect psychosocial risk factors assessed one year prior.
T2275 978891-979035 Epistemic_statement denotes Most lifecourse research concentrates on how early life factors influence adult health through processes enacting within and across generations.
T2276 979381-979695 Epistemic_statement denotes For each of the four pathways: the health-, the health behaviour-, the relational-and the educational pathway, the paper investigates whether indicators are socially patterned in adolescence, whether they track into adulthood, and whether any socially differential tracking or -vulnerability has been investigated.
T2277 980627-980791 Epistemic_statement denotes Very little research has investigated the social patterning over time or studied social vulnerability of most of the above indicators from adolescence to adulthood.
T2278 980792-981020 Epistemic_statement denotes However, all four mechanisms: socially differential exposure, tracking, socially differential tracking and socially differential vulnerability seem to be active in establishing social differences in adult educational attainment.
T2279 981120-981224 Epistemic_statement denotes Evidence suggests that devastating natural disasters (such as hurricanes and bushfires) (La Greca et al.
T2280 981225-981565 Epistemic_statement denotes 1996; Yelland et al., in press), injuries resulting from motor vehicle and other types of accidents (Meiser-Stedman et al., 2008) , and life-threatening medical conditions such as cancer (Phipps, Jurbergs & Long, 2009 ) are associated with the development posttraumatic stress (PTS) symptoms and disorder (PTSD) in children and adolescents.
T2281 981566-981738 Epistemic_statement denotes Although existing research has focused on mental health reactions of child trauma victims, very little attention has been devoted to the health effects of traumatic events.
T2282 982129-982241 Epistemic_statement denotes Each of the papers in the symposium focuses on different traumatic stressors and their potential health effects.
T2283 982242-982446 Epistemic_statement denotes The first paper by Kenardy, Anderson, and Le Brocquehus focuses on the predictive value of posttraumatic stress on health outcomes in a large sample of children with mild to severe traumatic brain injury.
T2284 983981-984118 Epistemic_statement denotes Findings suggest that children exposed to natural disasters may be vulnerable in terms of their physical health as well as mental health.
T2285 984119-984223 Epistemic_statement denotes Further attention the health status of children exposed to natural disasters is important in to address.
T2286 984936-984985 Epistemic_statement denotes Older age was associated with increased symptoms.
T2287 985542-985698 Epistemic_statement denotes A structural model supported the notion that psychological distress mediates the effect of war exposure on self-rated health, quality of sleep, and obesity.
T2288 985957-986118 Epistemic_statement denotes The aim of this paper is to explore the predictive value of posttraumatic stress on health outcomes in children with mild to severe traumatic brain injury (TBI).
T2289 986522-986667 Epistemic_statement denotes After accounting for the severity of the TBI, PTSD was associated with longer recovery times over the 18 months as assessed by physical outcomes.
T2290 986668-986768 Epistemic_statement denotes Of greater concern PTSD was associated with a lack of recovery as assessed by psychosocial outcomes.
T2291 986923-987262 Epistemic_statement denotes Camilla Ihlebaek Terms like functional somatic illnesses, unexplained medical symptoms, and somatization disorders have been used on a variety of combinations of multiple symptoms, with diagnostic labels such as fibromyalgia, irritable bowel syndrome, multiple chemical sensitivity, chronic fatigue syndrome, and chronic whiplash syndrome.
T2292 987541-987705 Epistemic_statement denotes For most people the complaints are minor everyday nuisance, however for some it becomes substantial and is given a diagnostic label and professional help is needed.
T2293 987706-987760 Epistemic_statement denotes An important question is why and to whom this happens.
T2294 987761-987854 Epistemic_statement denotes A possible mechanism for such multiple symptoms could be somatic and cognitive sensitization.
T2295 987855-987980 Epistemic_statement denotes Furthermore, two cognitive mechanisms that seem to be closely linked to the process of sensitization are worrying and coping.
T2296 988055-988142 Epistemic_statement denotes This might lead to worries concerning features of modern life and its affect on health.
T2297 988143-988266 Epistemic_statement denotes Worrying could play a role by enhancing biased memory and interest of health related information, leading to sensitization.
T2298 988267-988378 Epistemic_statement denotes Therefore, modern health worries could be associated with health complaints and medically unexplained symptoms.
T2299 988730-988874 Epistemic_statement denotes The result of no control of the outcome would be learned helplessness and negative response outcome expectancy could be defined as hopelessness.
T2300 988875-988975 Epistemic_statement denotes Both hopelessness and helplessness may lead to depression and multiple subjective health complaints.
T2301 988976-989101 Epistemic_statement denotes In this symposium the relationships between subjective health complaints, modern health worries and coping will be discussed.
T2302 989102-989317 Epistemic_statement denotes Background: Worries about environmental and technical changes affecting people's health have been shown be associated with the use of health care services, health behaviours, mood and reporting of physical symptoms.
T2303 989318-989452 Epistemic_statement denotes Aim: In a representative sample of the German population we examined the relationship of modern health worries to demographic factors.
T2304 989831-989955 Epistemic_statement denotes Results: Higher levels of modern health worries were found in females but were not associated with income, age or education.
T2305 989956-990100 Epistemic_statement denotes Higher levels of modern health worries were significantly associated with depression, symptom reporting and lower healthrelated quality of life.
T2306 990101-990230 Epistemic_statement denotes Hierarchical regression analyses show depression to mediate the relationship between modern health worries and symptom reporting.
T2307 990363-990469 Epistemic_statement denotes Depression seems to play a more important role than modern health worries in explaining symptom reporting.
T2308 992009-992185 Epistemic_statement denotes Further research is necessary to establish whether applying those practices in clinical consultations influence patients' engagement in self managing their long term condition.
T2309 992521-992630 Epistemic_statement denotes trains men working in public and private corporations to provide support for women's breast cancer screening.
T2310 993172-993358 Epistemic_statement denotes Organisationally, while existing health package within the agency still did not include breast cancer screening, it would support all cancer treatment 100% at the one year post-advocacy.
T2311 994009-994282 Epistemic_statement denotes Yet, men expressed some problems: lack of awareness/ exposure to what is commonly regarded as a women's disease/ problem; embarrassed to talk about women's breasts; lack of screening facilities and medical insurance, especially in rural areas; and men's busy work schedule.
T2312 994283-994593 Epistemic_statement denotes Buying in of public or private corporations and targeting male support at the work-place appears strategic in addressing women's delayed or low uptake of breast cancer screening through changes in organisational policies and procedures as well as individual changes in knowledge, attitudes and support actions.
T2313 994594-994788 Epistemic_statement denotes Once a health intervention is proven effective at a technical level, the steps required to generate a delivery system that produces positive health outcomes are nontrivial and poorly understood.
T2314 995952-996091 Epistemic_statement denotes Avahan's decisions around how to interact with other key players in HIV in India featured prominently in discussions around sustainability.
T2315 996092-996198 Epistemic_statement denotes Many of Avahan's strategies, metrics and programmatic structures have been adopted as national guidelines.
T2316 996302-996523 Epistemic_statement denotes Though it is premature to assess the success of Avahan's transition strategy, our research suggests that it achieved and maintained an effective HIV prevention program and has influenced governmental policy significantly.
T2317 996524-996680 Epistemic_statement denotes Large-scale NGOs may be well positioned to conduct iterative delivery experiments and ensure that governments adopt and promote robust public health models.
T2318 996899-997031 Epistemic_statement denotes In some countries this strategy appears to be successful in reducing smoking and in reducing levels of non-smoker's exposure to SHS.
T2319 997498-997653 Epistemic_statement denotes Objective: To measure the adherence of bars and pubs with the law banning smoking in them, and to identify variables that may predict adherence to the law.
T2320 997964-998150 Epistemic_statement denotes Results: Two years after the Israeli smoke-free law has come into effect levels of SHS in most of the pubs and bars remains relatively high, however, in some bars the ban is implemented.
T2321 998376-998512 Epistemic_statement denotes Conclusions: Although Israeli non-smoking legislation is progressive, enforcement is lacking, and smoking in public places still exists.
T2322 998513-998752 Epistemic_statement denotes Law enforcement is the responsibility of the local authorities, however, not enough has been done to enforce the law and city-halls should be encouraged to enforce the law more successfully as this has a profound effect on SHS in the pubs.
T2323 998753-998865 Epistemic_statement denotes Background: Stress is a consequence of different types of stressors that all separately are associated with IHD.
T2324 998866-999035 Epistemic_statement denotes It has not been investigated whether the impact of stress on IHD is similar for all kinds of stressors or whether accumulation of stressors increases the risk of IHD/MI.
T2325 999175-999531 Epistemic_statement denotes Material: In 1991-3 a random sample of 9,599 participants, 57 % women, from the Copenhagen City Heart Study answered a range of questions on major life events (LE) in childhood, adulthood and at work, vital exhaustion, lack of social network and daily use of psychotropic medication and were followed in a nationwide hospital discharge register until 2007.
T2326 999884-1000031 Epistemic_statement denotes The association between Vital Exhaustion ≥10 and IHD was HR 1.79 (1.3-2.4), and people lacking a close confident had a HR of IHD of 1.73 (1.0-2.9).
T2327 1000032-1000064 Epistemic_statement denotes We found no association with MI.
T2328 1000065-1000239 Epistemic_statement denotes By means of logistic regression we found an association between accumulated LE in child-, adulthood and work-related and Vital Exhaustion ≥10 with an OR 11.9 (CI 95% 7.8-18).
T2329 1000240-1000331 Epistemic_statement denotes The association between accumulated LE and lack of a close confident was OR 4.52 (2.2-9.2).
T2330 1000332-1000382 Epistemic_statement denotes We were unable to elucidate any gender difference.
T2331 1000383-1000579 Epistemic_statement denotes Conclusion: In this population-based cohort study we found that neither Individual nor accumulated LE are associated with IHD/MI, but are associated with other psychosocial risk factors of IHD/MI.
T2332 1000580-1000825 Epistemic_statement denotes Objectives: To test if health beliefs mediate the relation between family history of coronary heart disease (CHD) and 10-year CHD incidence in a large population-based sample of Canadians (n= 2,688), controlling for established CHD risk factors.
T2333 1000965-1001166 Epistemic_statement denotes We tested the hypothesis that those who believe that CHD is not preventable, possibly because they have a positive FH, do not alter their health behavior (in this case exercise) to be cardioprotective.
T2334 1001323-1001542 Epistemic_statement denotes We first constructed a baseline Cox proportional hazards regression model of the association between incident CHD and FH controlling for age at baseline and Framingham risk score (an index of standard CHD risk factors).
T2335 1001543-1001754 Epistemic_statement denotes We then constructed a second Cox proportional hazards regression model to test if preventability belief was related to FH and a third model to test if belief could be viewed as a mediator of the FH-CHD relation.
T2336 1001755-1002105 Epistemic_statement denotes Finally we evaluated if the preventability belief-CHD relation was itself mediated by exercise .Results: Preventability belief was correlated with family history for both genders (β=.724, 95% confidence interval [CI] .592-.885, p<.005), with those that had a family history of heart disease less likely to believe that heart disease can be prevented.
T2337 1002247-1002562 Epistemic_statement denotes Finally exercise mediated this relation, again for women only (β=− .868, HR=.420, 95% CI (HR) 0.770 -0.907, p<.001) Conclusion: Health belief in the preventability of CHD was found to be an important mediator in the relation between family history of CHD and incident CHD in women because of its effect on exercise.
T2338 1002727-1002804 Epistemic_statement denotes In turn, depression is associated with greater morbidity and mortality in HF.
T2339 1002805-1002875 Epistemic_statement denotes The mechanisms linking depression and worse outcome in HF are unclear.
T2340 1002876-1003009 Epistemic_statement denotes One suggested pathway links depression with heightened inflammation that may then be related to undesirable cardiac remodeling in HF.
T2341 1003010-1003127 Epistemic_statement denotes However, there have been mixed results in the literature connecting depression with inflammation in cardiac patients.
T2342 1003309-1003482 Epistemic_statement denotes Further, components of depression were examined separately to determine if inflammatory markers were differentially associated with somatic or cognitive depression symptoms.
T2343 1004192-1004430 Epistemic_statement denotes In contrast, elevated BDI-c symptoms were associated with low IL-6 at baseline in both HF and non-HF groups, but then an increase in IL-6 in the non-HF controls by 30 min post-exercise (group x time x BDI-c effect, F(8,65) = 7.6, p=.007).
T2344 1004431-1004658 Epistemic_statement denotes Conclusions: Elevated IL-6 levels until 30-min post task were associated with heightened somatic symptoms of depression, whereas HF patients with elevated cognitive symptoms had lower levels of IL-6 through 30 minpost exercise.
T2345 1004659-1004871 Epistemic_statement denotes By further understanding the components of depression associated with elevated inflammatory markers, interventions may be developed to specifically address symptoms of depression that may worsen cardiac outcomes.
T2346 1004872-1005022 Epistemic_statement denotes Psychosocial factors are independently related to cardiovascular disease outcomes, but less is known about the effect of these factors on stroke risk.
T2347 1006701-1006819 Epistemic_statement denotes Additional research is needed to identify mechanisms underlying the association between distress and stroke mortality.
T2348 1006947-1007074 Epistemic_statement denotes However, there is discussion whether positive and negative constructs are separate or bipolar opposites of the same phenomenon.
T2349 1007202-1007349 Epistemic_statement denotes We examine the relationships between SOC and cardiovascular disease (CVD) and compare these results with a negative construct, depressive symptoms.
T2350 1008573-1008654 Epistemic_statement denotes However, the association was not linear as was the case with depressive symptoms.
T2351 1008655-1008778 Epistemic_statement denotes Further studies on psychosocial factors in CVD could benefit from parallel comparisons of positive and negative constructs.
T2352 1009965-1010009 Epistemic_statement denotes However, these results were not significant.
T2353 1010125-1010268 Epistemic_statement denotes Further research is needed in larger sample size with inclusion of potential and reasonable influences of co-morbidities and diabetestreatment.
T2354 1010429-1010588 Epistemic_statement denotes Adults suffering from food insecurity are at risk of inadequate nutrient intakes or, paradoxically, overweight/ obesity and the development of chronic disease.
T2355 1010589-1010775 Epistemic_statement denotes Despite the global financial crisis and rising costs of living, there are few studies investigating the potential dietary consequences of food insecurity among the Australian population.
T2356 1010776-1010986 Epistemic_statement denotes This study examined whether food insecurity was associated with weight status and poorer intakes of fruits, vegetable and takeaway foods among adults residing in socioeconomically-disadvantaged urbanised areas.
T2357 1011483-1011556 Epistemic_statement denotes Food insecurity was not associated with weight status among men or women.
T2358 1011557-1011661 Epistemic_statement denotes Associations between food security status and potential dietary consequences differed for men and women.
T2359 1011662-1011765 Epistemic_statement denotes Among women, food security was not associated with intakes of fruit, vegetable or takeaway consumption.
T2360 1011766-1012026 Epistemic_statement denotes Contrastingly, among men food security was associated with vegetable intakes and consumption of takeaway food: men reporting food insecurity had lower intakes of vegetables and were more likely to consume takeaway foods compared to those that were food secure.
T2361 1012027-1012257 Epistemic_statement denotes Conclusion: Food security is an important public health issue in Australia and has potential dietary consequences that may adversely affect the health of food-insecure groups, most notably men residing in food-insecure households.
T2362 1012258-1012419 Epistemic_statement denotes Background: Pakistani immigrants living in Oslo, Norway, have a high prevalence of Type 2 diabetes (T2D), but there are few data on risk factors for the disease.
T2363 1012420-1012588 Epistemic_statement denotes Aim: To study the distribution of, and association between, physiological and psychological risk factors for T2D in a group of Pakistani immigrant women living in Oslo.
T2364 1013244-1013324 Epistemic_statement denotes The participants had low energy expenditure, despite acceptable number of steps.
T2365 1013688-1013819 Epistemic_statement denotes It is not known whether the positive effect of breast feeding on child physical health extends into adult psychological adjustment.
T2366 1014597-1014788 Epistemic_statement denotes We used logistic regression to test if there was an effect of breastfeeding on adult psychological well-being over and above the effects of adversity and psychosocial adjustment in childhood.
T2367 1014789-1014847 Epistemic_statement denotes The effect of breastfeeding appears to be gender specific.
T2368 1015161-1015293 Epistemic_statement denotes If this is judged unacceptable it can lead to discontinuation, and hence risk of unwanted pregnancy and wasted health care resource.
T2369 1016324-1016620 Epistemic_statement denotes Total days bleeding was more strongly associated with 'worrying' than 'more inconvenient', which might be more strongly related to pattern, or individual propensity/tolerance, given that at baseline 26% of women reported having previously stopped a method of contraception for irregular bleeding.
T2370 1016621-1016912 Epistemic_statement denotes Total days bleeding was most strongly associated with reporting, as more problematic than before insertion, bleeding outside menstrual period, too many days bleeding, interruption to sex life, interruption to daily life, irregular periods, extra washing, and 'lose too much blood' (p<0.001).
T2371 1016961-1017146 Epistemic_statement denotes Conclusion: Better understanding is needed of women's judgements regarding unscheduled bleeding, and other side-effects, so as to discuss concerns and develop appropriate interventions.
T2372 1017147-1017380 Epistemic_statement denotes Although gender-role related personality traits agency and communion are positively related to psychological adjustment and physical health in both sexes, they have rarely been studied in the context of health behavior interventions.
T2373 1017381-1017631 Epistemic_statement denotes However, both might contribute to health goal attainment, potentially interplaying with domain-specific psychosocial factors: Agency, mediated by health-related self-efficacy, and communion, moderated by available social support for the goal at hand.
T2374 1017632-1017785 Epistemic_statement denotes We tested these hypotheses among the participants (N =385; women 73.2%, men 26.8%) of the GOAL Lifestyle Implementation Trial to prevent type 2 diabetes.
T2375 1018207-1018442 Epistemic_statement denotes Among women, higher agency was associated with a greater likelihood of at least 5% waist circumference reduction (WCR) by T3 (OR=2.70, CI 95% 1.19-6.15); among men, the association was reversed (but only marginally significant p=.057).
T2376 1018575-1018679 Epistemic_statement denotes High communion was associated with WCR when social support was high (p-value for interaction term=.034).
T2377 1018931-1019078 Epistemic_statement denotes However, also communal women, sensitive to their social environment, succeed well when backed up by social support for their personal goal pursuit.
T2378 1019250-1019358 Epistemic_statement denotes However, sexual risk reduction interventions for drug users have traditionally focused on urban populations.
T2379 1019359-1019562 Epistemic_statement denotes We used qualitative techniques to understand rural African-American cocaine users' perspectives on sexual risk and HIV/STI so that we could tailor an existing intervention to this underserved population.
T2380 1019936-1020034 Epistemic_statement denotes Participants held many inaccurate beliefs about HIV, including how to identify high-risk partners.
T2381 1020035-1020173 Epistemic_statement denotes Attitudes about HIV testing varied by gender, with women being more accepting; however, most were doubtful about effective HIV treatments.
T2382 1020174-1020356 Epistemic_statement denotes Most participants had complex beliefs about trading sex, with "survival sex" seen as acceptable but "tricking for drugs" as unacceptable, despite reports that both types were common.
T2383 1020608-1020729 Epistemic_statement denotes They reported using hygiene as a proxy for gauging a potential partner's risk and therefore the importance of condom use.
T2384 1020730-1020907 Epistemic_statement denotes Significant knowledge deficits, high-risk beliefs, and social pressures appear to converge on rural African-American cocaine users and contribute to increased HIV and STI rates.
T2385 1020908-1021045 Epistemic_statement denotes These findings were incorporated into a social cognitive theory-based intervention to address these challenges and reduce risk behaviors.
T2386 1021141-1021362 Epistemic_statement denotes Not only has the number of newly infected 15 to 29 year olds consistently increased over the last decade, the emergence of antiretroviral therapy has meant that those born with HIV are growing into adolescence and beyond.
T2387 1021460-1021742 Epistemic_statement denotes While much focus has been paid to identifying the specific factors that place individuals at risk for acquiring or transmitting HIV, little attention has been directed toward those behaviors that help promote health in the existing population of young people living with HIV (YPLH).
T2388 1021743-1021808 Epistemic_statement denotes These health protective behaviors can assist in prolonging lives.
T2389 1022278-1022415 Epistemic_statement denotes Study participants responded to questions regarding their diet/nutrition, exercise, sleep habits and taking of multivitamins/supplements.
T2390 1022416-1022494 Epistemic_statement denotes Results highlighted some health protective behavior areas of promise and need.
T2391 1022821-1022967 Epistemic_statement denotes They also may form a ëbridgeí for transmission of HIV between high risk and low-risk populations such as their non-drug-using female sex partners.
T2392 1023082-1023262 Epistemic_statement denotes The present study examined factors in association with condom use intention among Chinese male IDU, using the Health Action Process Approach (HAPA) as a basic conceptual framework.
T2393 1024505-1024578 Epistemic_statement denotes Study findings inform future design of theorybased intervention programs.
T2394 1024951-1025080 Epistemic_statement denotes Similarly, 73.7 % had less than 4 days of exercise in the prior month and 43% received less than the recommended amount of sleep.
T2395 1025399-1025541 Epistemic_statement denotes Further, this progress is threatened by the global financial crisis making it urgent to estimate how funding changes will affect ART programs.
T2396 1025758-1025897 Epistemic_statement denotes We analyze the changes in ART coverage, HIV incidence, and mortality for several funding scenarios to make concrete policy recommendations.
T2397 1026112-1026260 Epistemic_statement denotes Results: Universal ART coverage (UC) can be achieved in SA within a few years if funding increases every year at the rate it increased from 2007-08.
T2398 1026261-1026348 Epistemic_statement denotes In contrast, only maintaining current funding levels will result in declining coverage.
T2399 1026349-1026480 Epistemic_statement denotes Surprisingly, even a 1/3rd funding decrease over 3 years followed by increases at the 2007-08 rate delays achieving UC by 10 years.
T2400 1026481-1026562 Epistemic_statement denotes Increased prevention effectiveness can substantially reduce time to achieving UC.
T2401 1026563-1026674 Epistemic_statement denotes In contrast, increases in the CD4 count threshold for treatment eligibility could make UC very hard to achieve.
T2402 1026675-1026810 Epistemic_statement denotes Discussion: Only continued increases in ART funding in coming years can ensure that ART coverage levels can be increased in the future.
T2403 1026958-1027070 Epistemic_statement denotes Purpose: A cancer diagnosis often involves distress which may in the long term develop into clinical depression.
T2404 1027144-1027259 Epistemic_statement denotes In Denmark, no validated instrument has been developed to identify cancer patients in need of psychosocial support.
T2405 1028253-1028416 Epistemic_statement denotes Conclusion: We expect that the psychometric properties of the Distress Thermometer will be satisfactory and that we will be able to determine an optimal cut-point.
T2406 1028535-1028723 Epistemic_statement denotes By targeting psychosocial support and rehabilitation to those who are most distressed we may be able to tailor the support and hence prevent that some patients develop clinical depression.
T2407 1028814-1028915 Epistemic_statement denotes As most studies in the area are crosssectional, relatively little is known about possible predictors.
T2408 1029377-1029470 Epistemic_statement denotes Probable cases of major depression (MD) were identified according to the manual (cutoff>=17).
T2409 1030093-1030321 Epistemic_statement denotes Women with MD at baseline were more likely to experience pain "almost every day" or more often at follow-up (OR=2.63; (95% CI, 2.12-3.27)) and more likely to be affected "somewhat" or more by pain (OR=3.49; (95% CI, 2.80-4.35)).
T2410 1030819-1031037 Epistemic_statement denotes AIM: Relative to other oncology populations, the brain tumor (BT) population is unique given that both benign and malignant BTs can be life-threatening and can cause severe neurocognitive and psychosocial disturbances.
T2411 1031038-1031214 Epistemic_statement denotes No study to date however, has investigated the effects of BT-related posttraumatic stress (PTSS) on neurocognitive functioning and overall quality of life in adult BT patients.
T2412 1031215-1031273 Epistemic_statement denotes The aim of the present study was to address this question.
T2413 1032996-1033007 Epistemic_statement denotes DISCUSSION:
T2414 1033008-1033174 Epistemic_statement denotes The findings suggest that approximately one in seven individuals diagnosed with a primary BT are at risk of suffering from PTSS as a result of their tumor experience.
T2415 1033175-1033351 Epistemic_statement denotes Notably, these results indicate that PTSS compromises neurocognitive and psychosocial functioning including overall quality of life in BT patients undergoing radiation therapy.
T2416 1033352-1033520 Epistemic_statement denotes The findings will be discussed in context of developing and implementing appropriate counseling and rehabilitation services to address the unique needs of BT survivors.
T2417 1033521-1033713 Epistemic_statement denotes Background: Oestrogen has been shown to influence cognitive functioning, and recent studies have focused on the effects of endocrine therapy on cognitive functioning in breast cancer patients.
T2418 1033714-1033767 Epistemic_statement denotes The current results, however, have been inconclusive.
T2419 1034796-1034946 Epistemic_statement denotes Conclusion: While we cannot conclude that tamoxifen causes cognitive impairment in breast cancer patients, our results do not exclude the possibility.
T2420 1035088-1035203 Epistemic_statement denotes The small samples and subsequent low statistical power of existing studies suggest the need for largescale studies.
T2421 1035341-1035789 Epistemic_statement denotes Introduction: This study examined models of clinical survivorship care and outreach, organizational factors, and center evolution over time in the eight participating centers in the Lance Armstrong Foundation LIVESTRONG Centers of Excellence (COE) Network, to provide a set of recommendations to aid other institutions in the utilization of "best practices and processes" in the development of successful comprehensive cancer survivorship programs.
T2422 1036173-1036932 Epistemic_statement denotes Result: Findings identified several overarching themes, lessons, and recommendations for developing and sustaining survivorship care: one size does not fit all-each program is unique with different organizational and environmental factors that inhibit and facilitate progress ; developing survivorship models of care is an ongoing process of trial and error; leadership and institutional commitment are essential to provided needed resources and support; lack of awareness of the need for survivorship care and resistance to change are critical barriers to address in order to institute survivorship care in oncology practice; and establishing community-based centers has the potential to advance the field of survivorship beyond comprehensive cancer centers.
T2423 1036933-1037157 Epistemic_statement denotes Background: Comparatively, a higher rate of Arab Children in Israel are victims of car accidents compared to Jewish children, this may be a result of low compliance with the law regarding child restraint in cars among Arabs.
T2424 1037158-1037273 Epistemic_statement denotes One possible explanation for the low use of car restraints may be fatalistic beliefs, common in the Arab community.
T2425 1037274-1037363 Epistemic_statement denotes These beliefs suggest that health is a result of luck and beyond an individual's control.
T2426 1037364-1037497 Epistemic_statement denotes Objectives: To asses levels of fatalistic beliefs and their association with child restraint in motor vehicles among Arabs in Israel.
T2427 1038333-1038427 Epistemic_statement denotes High fatalist beliefs were associated with lower education and were more frequent among women.
T2428 1038428-1038571 Epistemic_statement denotes After adjustment for gender, age of driver, education, number of children and driver's restraint, fatalism was associated with child restraint.
T2429 1038645-1038767 Epistemic_statement denotes Conclusion: High levels of fatalism may inhibit people from use of child restraint in motor vehicle among Arabs in Israel.
T2430 1038768-1038839 Epistemic_statement denotes Targeting these beliefs may increase levels of compliance with the law.
T2431 1038840-1038938 Epistemic_statement denotes Purpose: The lack of physical activity (PA) is associated with obesity among school-aged children.
T2432 1039851-1040171 Epistemic_statement denotes A demographic questionnaire, an acculturation scale (Brief ARSMA II), and a parent survey were used among parents who reported on home environmental factors (e.g., whether there is a TV in the study child's bedroom) and children's behaviors (e.g., physical activity, TV viewing, sweetened beverage intake, family meals).
T2433 1040172-1040286 Epistemic_statement denotes Analysis: Descriptive statistics were obtained, and random coefficient regression was used to test the hypotheses.
T2434 1040498-1040697 Epistemic_statement denotes More acculturated parents are less influenced by the intervention (negative interaction between intervention and acculturation level), but not enough to counterbalance the effect of the intervention.
T2435 1040950-1041018 Epistemic_statement denotes More acculturated parents are more likely to provide support for PA.
T2436 1041019-1041336 Epistemic_statement denotes Intervention is important in raising parents' awareness of problems of children's obesity and mobilizing parents to provide more support for PA. Issues: Like many developing countries, Nepal has facing difficult problem to youth knowledge, awareness, behavior and attitude on their reproductive health and sexuality..
T2437 1043002-1043203 Epistemic_statement denotes This realty implicated on enhancing effort to create and promote more attractive program in informing reproductive health information and launching friendly service concern to the young girls and boys.
T2438 1043436-1043634 Epistemic_statement denotes Since HIV in Togothe most common cause of death, representing 17% of all deathsis spread primarily through unprotected sex, safe sex practices such as condom use can reduce HIV spread significantly.
T2439 1044732-1044916 Epistemic_statement denotes Conclusions: This brief behavioral intervention shows promise in reducing HIV risk behaviors among Togolese young people and may be transferable to other sub-Saharan African countries.
T2440 1044917-1045036 Epistemic_statement denotes Multinomial logistic regression was used to evaluate relationships among dependent variables and independent variables.
T2441 1045141-1045326 Epistemic_statement denotes Compared with females, males were more likely to initiate sex at a relatively younger age, report unprotected sex with multiple partners, and to drink alcohol before sexual intercourse.
T2442 1045327-1045587 Epistemic_statement denotes Efforts to control the HIV/AIDS epidemic among adolescents may need to focus on targeted interventions aimed at addressing gender-and racial/ethnic-specific risk exposures among this population group, including risk behaviors linked with lifetime sexual abuse.
T2443 1045588-1045748 Epistemic_statement denotes The need to re-examine the role of inschool HIV prevention programs to build adequate competencies among students, parents and community leaders is recommended.
T2444 1046201-1046340 Epistemic_statement denotes The survey monitors risk behaviors and other characteristics associated with mortality and morbidity among students in grades 9 through 12.
T2445 1046637-1047177 Epistemic_statement denotes OUTCOME VARIABLES: Sexual Risk Behavior was a threelevel variable created from items suggested in previous studies, and categorized as: no risk (never had sexual intercourse or engaged in any sexual risk behavior at the time of survey), low risk (had sex with one partner, used condom and did not drink alcohol in the last sexual intercourse, and used a method of contraception) and high risk (had sex with multiple partners, did not use condoms and/or drank alcohol before the last sexual intercourse, and used no method of contraception).
T2446 1047724-1047862 Epistemic_statement denotes These variables were selected because of their known association with transmission of HIV infections (Mullings, Marquart & Brewer, 2000) .
T2447 1047952-1048166 Epistemic_statement denotes Potential confounding variables selected include age, gender, number of hours watching TV, feeling sadness or hopelessness, and cigarette smoking because of their documented relationships with sexual risk behavior.
T2448 1048343-1048650 Epistemic_statement denotes To further assess the relationship between independent and outcome variables, all independent variables that attained a statistical significance of P≤.25 in bivariate analyses were entered into multinomial logistic regression models in a manual stepwise fashion, starting with those with the lowest P-value.
T2449 1048651-1048925 Epistemic_statement denotes This method allows dependent variable to have more than two categories, thereby providing a single estimate of odds ratio (OR) for the association between the independent variables and each combination of the dependent variables, while controlling for potential confounders.
T2450 1048997-1049146 Epistemic_statement denotes The likelihood ratio test was used to compare models to determine which variables were retained in multivariate models at a significance level α=.05.
T2451 1049239-1049496 Epistemic_statement denotes All analyses were performed with SAS 9.1.3 (SAS Institute, Cary, NC) and the survey weight variable was used to account for the complex sampling design of the survey to provide estimates representative of the high school student population across the state.
T2452 1049927-1050085 Epistemic_statement denotes In adjusted analyses, predictors significantly associated with high risk sexual behaviors included being male, Hispanic, and having had physically forced sex.
T2453 1050417-1050564 Epistemic_statement denotes A dose-response relationship was observed between illegal substance use and age of sexual debut, with the strongest effect among young adolescents.
T2454 1050565-1050656 Epistemic_statement denotes Likewise, current or past smoking was associated with increased odds of early sexual debut.
T2455 1050852-1050958 Epistemic_statement denotes Associations appeared more marked among respondents using two or more drugs and having ≥2 sexual partners.