Epistemic_Statements  

CORD-19:30726192e4b9f702579abf17bc49abc814bd236f JSONTXT 8 Projects

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Id Subject Object Predicate Lexical cue
T1 260-521 Epistemic_statement denotes the second European Molecular Biology organization workshop on the nucleolus brought together scientists from around the world to discuss the progress made in studies of the basic functions of the nucleolus, and the link between nucleolar functions and disease.
T2 522-823 Epistemic_statement denotes although the primary function of this prominent nuclear organelle is in ribosome biogenesis, a growing body of evidence indicates that it also participates in other aspects of rna processing, as well as in the regulation of mitosis, cell growth and death, stress responses and the cell cycle (Fig 1) .
T3 824-1014 Epistemic_statement denotes indeed, the nucleolus has emerged as a highly complex and multifunctional regulatory compartment, the roles of which in diverse biological processes we are only just beginning to understand.
T4 1570-1749 Epistemic_statement denotes isolated nucleoli continue to transcribe ribosomal rna (rrna), indicating that the nucleolus is a stable structure; however, its protein content is continually in a state of flux.
T5 2668-2917 Epistemic_statement denotes Her group has found that the nucleolus undergoes gross morphological changes in response to uV-c, and she presented quantitative proteomic data indicating that these changes are associated with the selective reorganization of the nucleolar proteome.
T6 2918-3058 Epistemic_statement denotes the relocalization of nucleolar proteins in response to uV-c might facilitate the induction of nuclear/cytoplasmic stress-response pathways.
T7 3584-3786 Epistemic_statement denotes at exit from mitosis, processing proteins form a complex in pre-nucleolar bodies (pnBs), which are then recruited to the sites of rrna transcription, and new nucleoli are formed (angelier et al, 2005) .
T8 4239-4382 Epistemic_statement denotes the differential sorting of early and late processing proteins might explain the difference in the timing of recruitment to the DFc and the gc.
T9 4383-4644 Epistemic_statement denotes D. Hernandez-Verdun and M. olson both described the presence of pre-rrna transcripts in pnBs, and suggested that the existence of these transcripts in both nucleoli and pnBs allows an equilibrium of late processing proteins to form between the two compartments.
T10 4834-5051 Epistemic_statement denotes the components of the small subunit (SSu) processing complex known as tutps are required for the efficient transcription of pre-rrna in humans, suggesting that there is a coupling of rrna transcription and processing.
T11 5581-5662 Epistemic_statement denotes these factors might provide a link between pre-rrna processing and transcription.
T12 6699-6800 Epistemic_statement denotes He suggested that the sirnas afford sequence specificity to de novo Dna methylation at these regions.
T13 7159-7367 Epistemic_statement denotes i. grummt (Heidelberg, germany) showed that the secondary structure of prna is crucial for binding to tip5, which is the large subunit of norc, targeting norc to nucleoli and facilitating rrna gene silencing.
T14 7368-7555 Epistemic_statement denotes grummt also demonstrated that tip5 acetylation is required for its silencing functions, although the interaction between prna and tip5 is impaired by this post-translational modification.
T15 8902-9028 Epistemic_statement denotes these results reveal potentially important links between the transcriptional and post-transcriptional steps of rrna synthesis.
T16 9238-9441 Epistemic_statement denotes interestingly, mutations in SSu processome proteins are linked to several diseases, including male infertility and childhood cirrhosis; however, little is known about how the SSu processome is assembled.
T17 9595-9775 Epistemic_statement denotes She presented a comprehensive map of interactions between six proteins within the subcomplex, and defined a crucial role of the interaction between utp6 and utp21 for its function.
T18 10323-10532 Epistemic_statement denotes in further studies, Watkins found that the inhibition of rrna transcription and/ or processing-using actinomycin D or tutp depletion-resulted in the accumulation of a new 50S u3 snornp-processing intermediate.
T19 11325-11928 Epistemic_statement denotes consistent with the hypothesis that nMD takes place in the Arabidopsis nucleolus, it was found that upF2 and upF3, which are core components In addition to its traditional function in ribosome production and assembly, the nucleolus has a growing repertoire of 'non-traditional' functions, including: processing and maturation of tRNAs, snoRNAs and snRNAs; transport of mRNAs; assembly of a range of RNPs; replication of animal and plant viruses; sequestration of proteins that regulate the cell cycle and apoptosis; ageing; and cell stress responses and production of heterochromatic siRNAs (in plants).
T20 12926-13118 Epistemic_statement denotes this work provides evidence for a new nucleolar function in plants, and raises interesting questions about the pathway of nMD, and about where and how mrna surveillance occurs in this species.
T21 13267-13432 Epistemic_statement denotes in S. cerevisiae, it has been shown that 3'-end formation of mrna is monitored by a pathway that requires the nuclear exosome component rrp6 (Hilleren et al, 2001) .
T22 13677-13743 Epistemic_statement denotes it was proposed that these foci represent quality-control centres.
T23 13821-13982 Epistemic_statement denotes Several talks at the meeting focused on recent advances that improve our understanding of how viruses use nucleolar proteins and functions for their own benefit.
T24 15182-15362 Epistemic_statement denotes as protein V is a component of incoming virus particles, Matthews speculated that it might have an opportunity to affect the host cell immediately after the virus has gained entry.
T25 15887-16012 Epistemic_statement denotes pRNA forms a crucial stem-loop structure that binds to TIP5, allowing TTF-I to recruit the NoRC complex to the rDNA promoter.
T26 16013-16205 Epistemic_statement denotes (B) NoRC then interacts with the SIN3 co-repressor complex, which leads to deacetylation of histones H3 and H4, and with histone methyltransferases (HMTs) that methylate H3K9, H3K20 and H3K27.
T27 16206-16423 Epistemic_statement denotes (C) These heterochromatic histone modifications might act as a signal for the ATPase SNF2h to shift the promoter-bound nucleosome into a translational position that is unfavourable for preinitiation-complex formation.
T28 16424-16540 Epistemic_statement denotes (D) The action of SNF2h might either relieve a stearic constraint or expose the CpG at -133 to methylation by DNMTs.
T29 17656-17995 Epistemic_statement denotes Moreover, this protein is responsible for the relocalization of some nuclear export factors into the nucleolus, in particular the htrEX proteins; this indicates that the orF57 protein either assembles the export-competent viral rnp particle within the nucleolus, or travels through the nucleolus to modify these proteins or the viral mrna.
T30 18163-18256 Epistemic_statement denotes However, the mechanisms of such redistribution are distinct for different nucleolar proteins.
T31 18257-18473 Epistemic_statement denotes the practical implications of virus-nucleolus interactions were discussed by J. rossi (Duarte, ca, uSa), who presented evidence that HiV is a sensitive target for inhibitory small rnas that localize to the nucleolus.
T32 18910-19169 Epistemic_statement denotes in contrast to the well-defined structure of the somatic-cell nucleolus (see above), nucleoli from fully grown mammalian oocytes that are competent to mature are transcriptionally inactive and form compact fibrillar masses known as nucleolar precursor bodies.
T33 19170-19313 Epistemic_statement denotes S. ogushi (Kobe, Japan) and colleagues set out to determine whether this nucleolar material contributes to embryogenesis (ogushi et al, 2008) .
T34 20195-20299 Epistemic_statement denotes Elevated levels of Sirt1 protein are evident in cancer, where it is thought to act as a survival factor.
T35 20743-20907 Epistemic_statement denotes npM (B23) is a nucleolar protein that binds to p53 and arF, and is crucial for ribogenesis, cell proliferation and survival after Dna damage (Mariano et al, 2006) .
T36 20908-21111 Epistemic_statement denotes Mutations in the npM gene are observed in approximately 35% of acute myeloid leukaemias and are thought to be an initiating event in tumorigenesis, although the mechanism by which this occurs is unknown.
T37 21218-21343 Epistemic_statement denotes However, a de novo nuclear-export signal is generated by mutation of npM that causes cytoplasmic localization of the protein.
T38 21585-21724 Epistemic_statement denotes therefore, npM seems to ensure Dna integrity, and to regulate the localization and stability of arF, thereby contributing to tumorigenesis.
T39 22136-22315 Epistemic_statement denotes as Fbw7γ is important in the regulation of other growth-promoting proteins, colombo suggested that this interaction might be a crucial tumour-suppressor mechanism in human cancer.
T40 22316-22606 Epistemic_statement denotes nucleolar targeting of the rela component of the nF-κB transcription factor has been observed in response to aspirin and other stress stimuli of the nF-κB pathway, and is causally involved with a decrease in nF-κB-driven transcription and the induction of apoptosis (Stark & Dunlop, 2005) .
T41 22988-23155 Epistemic_statement denotes Hiscox could target rela to the nucleolus in the absence of external stimuli using a viral nolS tag, and suggested that this could be used to induce cancer cell death.
T42 23372-23490 Epistemic_statement denotes under several types of stress, endogenous pMl proteins form nucleolar caps and eventually engulf nucleolar components.
T43 24134-24292 Epistemic_statement denotes Spontaneous or oncogene-retrieval-induced senescence is associated with the formation of large pMl nuclear bodies that initially contain nucleolar components.
T44 24768-24906 Epistemic_statement denotes therefore, the rDna selectivity of Dna damage-induced transcriptional inhibition might determine its ability to induce neuronal apoptosis.
T45 24907-25118 Epistemic_statement denotes notably, extensive nucleolar disruption has also been observed in a rat model of cortical ischaemia, suggesting that nucleolar stress might contribute to the pathology of neurological diseases, including stroke.
T46 25119-25192 Epistemic_statement denotes the nucleolus was once thought to be merely a ribosome-producing factory.
T47 25193-25318 Epistemic_statement denotes However, this second EMBo meeting on the nucleolus highlighted the diverse roles of the organelle in both health and disease.
T48 25535-25716 Epistemic_statement denotes although it was agreed that rapid progress is being made in this area, it is clear that there is still much to be discovered, which will undoubtedly be discussed at future meetings.