Epistemic_Statements  

CORD-19:07ea23dfe096a60cb5596f07dbe7bf0a6233f1f2 JSONTXT 9 Projects

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Id Subject Object Predicate Lexical cue
T1 0-62 Epistemic_statement denotes Public Health CALICIVIRUS GASTROENTERITIS IN NORTH WEST LONDON
T2 73-250 Epistemic_statement denotes yet been reported from Africa, India, or Central and South America, where viral diarrhoea (rotavirus) has recently proved to be a major cause of serious morbidity and mortality.
T3 573-706 Epistemic_statement denotes Negative radiological findings should not deter the clinician from screening relatives in an attempt to confirm the diagnosis of TBM.
T4 1059-1239 Epistemic_statement denotes Only one child was old enough to have had routine antituberculous screening at school, but, although the Heaf test was positive, the chest X-ray at the time was reported as normal.
T5 1240-1393 Epistemic_statement denotes It is traditionally taught that there is a long history of illness in TBM, but some children, particularly younger ones, may have a much shorter history.
T6 1394-1573 Epistemic_statement denotes 5, 8 Convulsions were the presenting feature in up to 20% of children under 2 years in one study,5 and one child in our series was admitted with convulsions associated with fever.
T7 1574-1828 Epistemic_statement denotes Choroidal tubercles were not found in any of the seven cases, which is in agreement with the suggestion8 that choroidal tubercles are found in TBM only in association with miliary tuberculosis; none of the children in our series had miliary tuberculosis.
T8 2028-2086 Epistemic_statement denotes The history may be short and convulsions are not uncommon.
T9 2087-2236 Epistemic_statement denotes The use of the wrong tuberculin skin test may delay treatment, and a Mantoux 1:1000 test should be used whenever the diagnosis of TBM is in question.
T10 2292-2337 Epistemic_statement denotes Contacts should be followed up energetically.
T11 2409-2542 Epistemic_statement denotes Requests for reprints should be addressed to A. M. W., University Department of Paediatrics, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford OX3 9DU.
T12 2543-2676 Epistemic_statement denotes During a thirty-month study of gastroenteritis in North West London, 592 cases were found to be associated with excretion of viruses.
T13 3372-3533 Epistemic_statement denotes The aetiological role of most of these agents is still not clearly defined and further information on the part they play in human diarrhoea has been called for.'
T14 3745-4002 Epistemic_statement denotes Through the period January, 1979-June, 1981, samples of specimens of stools sent to the laboratory from patients with a history of gastroenteritis or diarrhoea and vomiting were examined by electron microscopy, whether or not such examination was requested.
T15 4003-4212 Epistemic_statement denotes Most of these specimens had been found to be negative for bacterial pathogens (shigella, campylobacter, and salmonella); however, for some of the others we do not know whether pathogenic bacteria were present.
T16 4916-4975 Epistemic_statement denotes 39 (6-6%) cases were associated with calicivirus excretion.
T17 6144-6473 Epistemic_statement denotes There is little evidence of serological relations between the sporadic strains and strains associated with two of the outbreaks, but there is some evidence for a relation with the third.2 DISCUSSION Viruses morphologically identical with caliciviruses have recently been detected in animals',8 and people9-1 with gastroenteritis.
T18 6474-6655 Epistemic_statement denotes The study of outbreaks in man in the U.K.,2,4,12 Japan,6 and Canadal3 has provided evidence that these viruses can cause diarrhoea and vomiting in all agegroups other than neonates.
T19 6656-6805 Epistemic_statement denotes The apparent absence of cases in neonates may be due to predominantly asymptomatic infection or be associated with immunity due to maternal antibody.
T20 6806-7042 Epistemic_statement denotes In the series of sporadic cases reported here, diarrhoea was the most frequent symptom, whereas, in children aged four to six years, vomiting was more common.2 It has been suggested5 that these differences in symptoms may be agerelated.
T21 7043-7206 Epistemic_statement denotes However, since vomiting has been reported as the commonest feature in infected infants aged nine days to two years, age does not appear to be the sole determinant.
T22 7442-7583 Epistemic_statement denotes Several cases of calicivirus infection associated with failure to thrive have led us to consider the possibility of an aetiological relation.
T23 7584-7668 Epistemic_statement denotes However, the results of this small survey do not provide much support for this view.
T24 7669-7846 Epistemic_statement denotes Diarrhoea developed ten or more days after admission to hospital in 3 out of 26 infants, indicating that caliciviruses, like rotaviruses, can be a cause of nosocomial infection.
T25 7847-7910 Epistemic_statement denotes Little is known about the range of human calicivirus serotypes.
T26 7911-8048 Epistemic_statement denotes Results from this and a previous study4 provide evidence for at least three distinct serotypes which have been associated with outbreaks.
T27 8049-8421 Epistemic_statement denotes The limited data obtained on the sporadic cases from North West London suggest that they may be associated with strains from one of these outbreaks.2 Whether strain differences, as reflected by IEM serology, have any implications for susceptibility to repeated infection with calicivirus or are, in any way, related to geographical distribution, remains to be established.
T28 8565-8755 Epistemic_statement denotes Surveys of viral gastroenteritis in these areas indicate that calicivirus accounts for a proportion of gastroenteritis cases (Japan 2%,'° Scandinavia 5%,' and U.K [present study] 6' 6%).
T29 8892-9048 Epistemic_statement denotes It is still possible to obtain a post in Papua New Guinea, although the positions available now will be filled within the next few years by local graduates.
T30 9049-9179 Epistemic_statement denotes Surprisingly little is known in Europe about the country,* and it is difficult to obtain accurate information about existing work.
T31 9180-9292 Epistemic_statement denotes The work of junior medical officers in Papua New Guinea has, however, been the topic of several recent articles.
T32 9543-9787 Epistemic_statement denotes The coastal regions of the mainland, however, and the large islands to the north and east (Manus, New Ireland, New Britain, and Bougainville) are hot and humid throughout the'year; malaria is endemic and population densities are relatively low.