Id |
Subject |
Object |
Predicate |
Lexical cue |
T1 |
0-48 |
Epistemic_statement |
denotes |
Infectious disease risk from the Syrian conflict |
T2 |
61-232 |
Epistemic_statement |
denotes |
The breakdown of health care in Syria under the present conflict has been highlighted in ProMED reports on the increasing risk of leishmaniasis [1] [2] [3] [4] and rabies. |
T3 |
315-662 |
Epistemic_statement |
denotes |
A recent report from Mé decins Sans Frontiè res 6 highlights not only the destruction of health care facilities and the difficulties in treating injured people, but also describes the absence of childhood immunizations in many areas, lack of pharmaceuticals including antibiotics, and the lack of access to clean water and surge in diarrhea cases. |
T4 |
966-1108 |
Epistemic_statement |
denotes |
8, 9 The conflict is expected to reverse the recent gains seen in the falling infant mortality rate and increased childhood immunization rate. |
T5 |
1109-1225 |
Epistemic_statement |
denotes |
10 Under these circumstances a surge in infectious diseases in both Syria and neighboring countries can be expected. |
T6 |
1639-1757 |
Epistemic_statement |
denotes |
13 Thus the MERS-CoV may also exist in Syria, and the refugee camps pose a particular threat to airborne transmission. |
T7 |
1758-1889 |
Epistemic_statement |
denotes |
At present the reservoir of the infection is not known and neither are its transmission potential and the proportion of mild cases. |
T8 |
2036-2131 |
Epistemic_statement |
denotes |
Upper respiratory tract infections will increase and epidemics of influenza are to be expected. |
T9 |
2132-2252 |
Epistemic_statement |
denotes |
The crowded living conditions combined with a lack of health care facilities will result in an increase in tuberculosis. |
T10 |
2360-2453 |
Epistemic_statement |
denotes |
14 Influenza is a threat and if introduced will probably spread rapidly in the refugee camps. |
T11 |
2454-2565 |
Epistemic_statement |
denotes |
Infections with common soil helminths such as Ascaris are expected to increase and cholera is an imminent risk. |
T12 |
2566-2624 |
Epistemic_statement |
denotes |
Skin infections like scabies are expected to be prevalent. |
T13 |
3777-3780 |
Epistemic_statement |
denotes |
17 |
T14 |
3781-3854 |
Epistemic_statement |
denotes |
Several reports indicate that cutaneous leishmaniasis in on the increase. |
T15 |
3952-4051 |
Epistemic_statement |
denotes |
18 Visceral leishmaniasis is rare but is found in Aleppo and from there towards the Turkish border. |
T16 |
4830-4967 |
Epistemic_statement |
denotes |
22 Thus the risk of large outbreaks of malaria is limited, as transmission has almost been controlled in Syria and neighboring countries. |
T17 |
4968-5092 |
Epistemic_statement |
denotes |
However, a transmission potential exists and a febrile patient with no specific symptoms should be investigated for malaria. |
T18 |
5093-5262 |
Epistemic_statement |
denotes |
There is little doubt that rabies circulation in animals, especially dogs, is increasing in Syria, with an expected increased risk of rabies in the human population too. |
T19 |
5263-5380 |
Epistemic_statement |
denotes |
Rabies in dogs appears widespread, as is apparent from information gathered on the Israeli side of the Syrian border. |
T20 |
5486-5489 |
Epistemic_statement |
denotes |
24 |
T21 |
5490-5659 |
Epistemic_statement |
denotes |
CCHF is a viral zoonotic disease transmitted by ixodid ticks and has been increasing in Turkey; 25 livestock has been identified as the source of infection in one study. |
T22 |
5660-5663 |
Epistemic_statement |
denotes |
26 |
T23 |
5664-5757 |
Epistemic_statement |
denotes |
Breakdown in veterinary public health systems will result in the re-emergence of brucellosis. |
T24 |
5914-6127 |
Epistemic_statement |
denotes |
Many of the infections like leishmaniasis, tuberculosis, and brucellosis have a long incubation time and refugees will have these infections with them, with the risk of reintroducing them in neighboring countries. |
T25 |
6266-6391 |
Epistemic_statement |
denotes |
Epidemics of bacterial meningitis and gastrointestinal infections like hepatitis A, enterovirus, and Giardia can be expected. |