CORD-19-Sentences  

CORD-19:cb0ba244ebf7524d9303edd3c52946f08560f597 JSONTXT 8 Projects

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Id Subject Object Predicate Lexical cue
TextSentencer_T1 0-10 Sentence denotes S9 Uganda.
TextSentencer_T1 0-10 Sentence denotes S9 Uganda.
TextSentencer_T2 11-91 Sentence denotes 2 World Health Organisation Country Offi ce, Plot 60, Prince Charles Drive, P.O.
TextSentencer_T2 11-91 Sentence denotes 2 World Health Organisation Country Offi ce, Plot 60, Prince Charles Drive, P.O.
TextSentencer_T3 92-111 Sentence denotes Box 24578, Kampala.
TextSentencer_T3 92-111 Sentence denotes Box 24578, Kampala.
TextSentencer_T4 112-157 Sentence denotes 3 World Health Organisation -Regional Offi ce
TextSentencer_T4 112-157 Sentence denotes 3 World Health Organisation -Regional Offi ce
TextSentencer_T5 159-167 Sentence denotes Abstract
TextSentencer_T5 159-167 Sentence denotes Abstract
TextSentencer_T6 168-335 Sentence denotes Background Uganda is currently implementing the International Health Regulations (IHR[2005]) within the context of Integrated Disease Surveillance and Response (IDSR).
TextSentencer_T6 168-335 Sentence denotes Background Uganda is currently implementing the International Health Regulations (IHR[2005]) within the context of Integrated Disease Surveillance and Response (IDSR).
TextSentencer_T7 336-509 Sentence denotes The IHR(2005) require countries to assess the ability of their national structures, capacities, and resources to meet the minimum requirements for surveillance and response.
TextSentencer_T7 336-509 Sentence denotes The IHR(2005) require countries to assess the ability of their national structures, capacities, and resources to meet the minimum requirements for surveillance and response.
TextSentencer_T8 510-583 Sentence denotes This report describes the results of the assessment undertaken in Uganda.
TextSentencer_T8 510-583 Sentence denotes This report describes the results of the assessment undertaken in Uganda.
TextSentencer_T9 584-706 Sentence denotes We conducted a descriptive cross-sectional assessment using the protocol developed by the World Health Organisation (WHO).
TextSentencer_T9 584-706 Sentence denotes We conducted a descriptive cross-sectional assessment using the protocol developed by the World Health Organisation (WHO).
TextSentencer_T10 707-860 Sentence denotes The data collection tools were adapted locally and administered to a convenience sample of IHR(2005) stakeholders, and frequency analyses were performed.
TextSentencer_T10 707-860 Sentence denotes The data collection tools were adapted locally and administered to a convenience sample of IHR(2005) stakeholders, and frequency analyses were performed.
TextSentencer_T11 861-1003 Sentence denotes Results Ugandan national laws relevant to the IHR(2005) existed, but they did not adequately support the full implementation of the IHR(2005).
TextSentencer_T11 861-1003 Sentence denotes Results Ugandan national laws relevant to the IHR(2005) existed, but they did not adequately support the full implementation of the IHR(2005).
TextSentencer_T12 1004-1169 Sentence denotes Correspondingly, there was a designated IHR National Focal Point (NFP), but surveillance activities and operational communications were limited to the health sector.
TextSentencer_T12 1004-1169 Sentence denotes Correspondingly, there was a designated IHR National Focal Point (NFP), but surveillance activities and operational communications were limited to the health sector.
TextSentencer_T13 1170-1382 Sentence denotes All the districts (13/13) had designated disease surveillance offi ces, most had IDSR technical guidelines (92%, or 12/13), and all (13/13) had case defi nitions for infectious and zoonotic diseases surveillance.
TextSentencer_T13 1170-1382 Sentence denotes All the districts (13/13) had designated disease surveillance offi ces, most had IDSR technical guidelines (92%, or 12/13), and all (13/13) had case defi nitions for infectious and zoonotic diseases surveillance.
TextSentencer_T14 1383-1542 Sentence denotes Surveillance guidelines were available at 57% (35/61) of the health facilities, while case defi nitions were available at 66% (40/61) of the health facilities.
TextSentencer_T14 1383-1542 Sentence denotes Surveillance guidelines were available at 57% (35/61) of the health facilities, while case defi nitions were available at 66% (40/61) of the health facilities.
TextSentencer_T15 1543-1712 Sentence denotes The priority diseases list, surveillance guidelines, case defi nitions and reporting tools were based on the IDSR strategy and hence lacked information on the IHR(2005).
TextSentencer_T15 1543-1712 Sentence denotes The priority diseases list, surveillance guidelines, case defi nitions and reporting tools were based on the IDSR strategy and hence lacked information on the IHR(2005).
TextSentencer_T16 1713-1825 Sentence denotes The rapid response teams at national and district levels lacked food safety, chemical and radio-nuclear experts.
TextSentencer_T16 1713-1825 Sentence denotes The rapid response teams at national and district levels lacked food safety, chemical and radio-nuclear experts.
TextSentencer_T17 1826-1930 Sentence denotes Similarly, there were no guidelines on the outbreak response to food, chemical and radionuclear hazards.
TextSentencer_T17 1826-1930 Sentence denotes Similarly, there were no guidelines on the outbreak response to food, chemical and radionuclear hazards.
TextSentencer_T18 1931-2033 Sentence denotes Comprehensive preparedness plans incorporating IHR(2005) were lacking at national and district levels.
TextSentencer_T18 1931-2033 Sentence denotes Comprehensive preparedness plans incorporating IHR(2005) were lacking at national and district levels.
TextSentencer_T19 2034-2112 Sentence denotes A national laboratory policy existed and the strategic plan was being drafted.
TextSentencer_T19 2034-2112 Sentence denotes A national laboratory policy existed and the strategic plan was being drafted.
TextSentencer_T20 2113-2219 Sentence denotes However, there were critical gaps hampering the effi cient functioning of the national laboratory network.
TextSentencer_T20 2113-2219 Sentence denotes However, there were critical gaps hampering the effi cient functioning of the national laboratory network.
TextSentencer_T21 2220-2302 Sentence denotes Finally, the points of entry for IHR(2005) implementation had not been designated.
TextSentencer_T21 2220-2302 Sentence denotes Finally, the points of entry for IHR(2005) implementation had not been designated.
TextSentencer_T22 2303-2384 Sentence denotes The assessment highlighted critical gaps to guide the IHR(2005) planning process.
TextSentencer_T22 2303-2384 Sentence denotes The assessment highlighted critical gaps to guide the IHR(2005) planning process.
TextSentencer_T23 2385-2501 Sentence denotes The IHR(2005) action plan should therefore be developed to foster national and international public health security.
TextSentencer_T23 2385-2501 Sentence denotes The IHR(2005) action plan should therefore be developed to foster national and international public health security.
TextSentencer_T24 2503-2650 Sentence denotes Th e International Health Regulations (IHR [2005] ) are a set of legally binding regulations for all World Health Organisation (WHO) Member States.
TextSentencer_T24 2503-2650 Sentence denotes Th e International Health Regulations (IHR [2005] ) are a set of legally binding regulations for all World Health Organisation (WHO) Member States.
TextSentencer_T25 2651-2891 Sentence denotes Th ey aim to harmonise the protection of public health while avoiding unnecessary disruption of trade and travel through the development of eff ective global alert, surveillance and response strategies for all priority public health events.
TextSentencer_T25 2651-2891 Sentence denotes Th ey aim to harmonise the protection of public health while avoiding unnecessary disruption of trade and travel through the development of eff ective global alert, surveillance and response strategies for all priority public health events.
TextSentencer_T26 2892-3023 Sentence denotes Th e IHR(1969) were used by WHO Member States to guide international prevention and control of infectious diseases until June 2007.
TextSentencer_T26 2892-3023 Sentence denotes Th e IHR(1969) were used by WHO Member States to guide international prevention and control of infectious diseases until June 2007.
TextSentencer_T27 3024-3150 Sentence denotes Th e IHR(1969) obliged WHO Member States to notify the WHO of cholera, plague and yellow fever outbreaks in their territories.
TextSentencer_T27 3024-3150 Sentence denotes Th e IHR(1969) obliged WHO Member States to notify the WHO of cholera, plague and yellow fever outbreaks in their territories.
TextSentencer_T28 3151-3463 Sentence denotes In addition, the IHR(1969) included requirements for health and vaccination certifi cates for travellers from infected to non-infected areas; deratting, disinfecting and disinsecting of ships and aircraft; as well as detailed health measures at airports and seaports in the territories of WHO Member States [1] .
TextSentencer_T28 3151-3463 Sentence denotes In addition, the IHR(1969) included requirements for health and vaccination certifi cates for travellers from infected to non-infected areas; deratting, disinfecting and disinsecting of ships and aircraft; as well as detailed health measures at airports and seaports in the territories of WHO Member States [1] .
TextSentencer_T29 3464-3677 Sentence denotes Rapid globalisation and the emergence of new diseases and hazards in the 21 st century rendered the IHR (1969) inadequate to deal with the increased risk of international spread of public health risks and hazards.
TextSentencer_T29 3464-3677 Sentence denotes Rapid globalisation and the emergence of new diseases and hazards in the 21 st century rendered the IHR (1969) inadequate to deal with the increased risk of international spread of public health risks and hazards.
TextSentencer_T30 3678-3771 Sentence denotes Contagious illnesses spread farther and faster than ever with the increase in plane traffi c.
TextSentencer_T30 3678-3771 Sentence denotes Contagious illnesses spread farther and faster than ever with the increase in plane traffi c.
TextSentencer_T31 3772-3984 Sentence denotes New outbreaks of Ebola in Zaire [2] and Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome in China [3] and Marburg [4] emerged with implications for international travel and trade and required coordinated international response.
TextSentencer_T31 3772-3984 Sentence denotes New outbreaks of Ebola in Zaire [2] and Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome in China [3] and Marburg [4] emerged with implications for international travel and trade and required coordinated international response.
TextSentencer_T32 3985-4279 Sentence denotes Th e IHR(1969) also wholly depended on the aff ected country to make an offi cial notifi cation to the WHO once cases were diagnosed and lacked mechanisms to foster collaboration between the WHO and a country in which public health events with potential for international spread were occurring.
TextSentencer_T32 3985-4279 Sentence denotes Th e IHR(1969) also wholly depended on the aff ected country to make an offi cial notifi cation to the WHO once cases were diagnosed and lacked mechanisms to foster collaboration between the WHO and a country in which public health events with potential for international spread were occurring.
TextSentencer_T33 4280-4370 Sentence denotes Th e IHR(1969) also lacked eff ective incentives to encourage compliance by Member States.
TextSentencer_T33 4280-4370 Sentence denotes Th e IHR(1969) also lacked eff ective incentives to encourage compliance by Member States.
TextSentencer_T34 4371-4585 Sentence denotes Th e limitations of the IHR(1969) therefore paved way for its revision to address the abovementioned gaps and provide real-time information to inform formulation of measures to prevent international disease spread.
TextSentencer_T34 4371-4585 Sentence denotes Th e limitations of the IHR(1969) therefore paved way for its revision to address the abovementioned gaps and provide real-time information to inform formulation of measures to prevent international disease spread.
TextSentencer_T35 4586-4715 Sentence denotes Th e revised IHR(2005) was adopted by the 58 th World Health Assembly on 23 May 2005 and entered into force on 15 June 2007 [5] .
TextSentencer_T35 4586-4715 Sentence denotes Th e revised IHR(2005) was adopted by the 58 th World Health Assembly on 23 May 2005 and entered into force on 15 June 2007 [5] .
TextSentencer_T36 4716-4861 Sentence denotes Uganda is using the WHO Africa Region Integrated Disease Surveillance and Response (IDSR) Strategy for the control of communicable diseases [6] .
TextSentencer_T36 4716-4861 Sentence denotes Uganda is using the WHO Africa Region Integrated Disease Surveillance and Response (IDSR) Strategy for the control of communicable diseases [6] .
TextSentencer_T37 4862-5029 Sentence denotes Th e strategy promotes the integration of surveillance activities for priority conditions, taking advantage of common surveillance and support functions at all levels.
TextSentencer_T37 4862-5029 Sentence denotes Th e strategy promotes the integration of surveillance activities for priority conditions, taking advantage of common surveillance and support functions at all levels.
TextSentencer_T38 5030-5142 Sentence denotes Uganda adopted the strategy in 2000 [7] and it is being used as the vehicle for implementing the IHR(2005) [8] .
TextSentencer_T38 5030-5142 Sentence denotes Uganda adopted the strategy in 2000 [7] and it is being used as the vehicle for implementing the IHR(2005) [8] .
TextSentencer_T39 5143-5415 Sentence denotes Article 5 and Annex 1a of the IHR(2005) require countries to assess the ability of existing national structures, capacities, and resources to meet the minimum requirements for surveillance and response, within two years following the entry into force of these regulations.
TextSentencer_T39 5143-5415 Sentence denotes Article 5 and Annex 1a of the IHR(2005) require countries to assess the ability of existing national structures, capacities, and resources to meet the minimum requirements for surveillance and response, within two years following the entry into force of these regulations.
TextSentencer_T40 5416-5630 Sentence denotes Th is assessment is meant to inform the process of developing and implementing action plans to ensure that all the core capacity requirements for the IHR(2005) are established and maintained throughout the country.
TextSentencer_T40 5416-5630 Sentence denotes Th is assessment is meant to inform the process of developing and implementing action plans to ensure that all the core capacity requirements for the IHR(2005) are established and maintained throughout the country.
TextSentencer_T41 5631-5858 Sentence denotes In line with this requirement, the Ministry of Health (MoH) Uganda, with support from the WHO, conducted an assessment of the core capacities required for implementation of the IHR(2005) during the period 12 to 13 October 2009.
TextSentencer_T41 5631-5858 Sentence denotes In line with this requirement, the Ministry of Health (MoH) Uganda, with support from the WHO, conducted an assessment of the core capacities required for implementation of the IHR(2005) during the period 12 to 13 October 2009.
TextSentencer_T42 5859-6155 Sentence denotes Th e purpose of the assessment was to obtain baseline information on the current status of IHR(2005) core capacities for all the fi ve hazards and at points of entry so as to facilitate the development of an action plan to guide the establishment and maintenance of the capacities in the country.
TextSentencer_T42 5859-6155 Sentence denotes Th e purpose of the assessment was to obtain baseline information on the current status of IHR(2005) core capacities for all the fi ve hazards and at points of entry so as to facilitate the development of an action plan to guide the establishment and maintenance of the capacities in the country.
TextSentencer_T43 6156-6340 Sentence denotes Uganda is located in East Africa and is bordered by Kenya to the East; Sudan to the North; Democratic Republic of Congo to the West; Tanzania to the South; and Rwanda to the Southwest.
TextSentencer_T43 6156-6340 Sentence denotes Uganda is located in East Africa and is bordered by Kenya to the East; Sudan to the North; Democratic Republic of Congo to the West; Tanzania to the South; and Rwanda to the Southwest.
TextSentencer_T44 6341-6481 Sentence denotes It has a population of 30 million people with an area of 241,038 square kilometres, of which the land area covers 197,323 square kilometres.
TextSentencer_T44 6341-6481 Sentence denotes It has a population of 30 million people with an area of 241,038 square kilometres, of which the land area covers 197,323 square kilometres.
TextSentencer_T45 6482-6523 Sentence denotes Th ere are four physical regions, namely:
TextSentencer_T45 6482-6523 Sentence denotes Th ere are four physical regions, namely:
TextSentencer_T46 6524-6563 Sentence denotes Central, Western, Northern and Eastern.
TextSentencer_T46 6524-6563 Sentence denotes Central, Western, Northern and Eastern.
TextSentencer_T47 6564-6678 Sentence denotes Th e regions are divided into districts and at the time of the assessment, there were 80 districts in the country.
TextSentencer_T47 6564-6678 Sentence denotes Th e regions are divided into districts and at the time of the assessment, there were 80 districts in the country.
TextSentencer_T48 6679-6856 Sentence denotes We conducted a descriptive cross-sectional assessment using the protocol developed by the WHO for assessing national surveillance and response capacities for the IHR(2005) [9] .
TextSentencer_T48 6679-6856 Sentence denotes We conducted a descriptive cross-sectional assessment using the protocol developed by the WHO for assessing national surveillance and response capacities for the IHR(2005) [9] .
TextSentencer_T49 6857-6986 Sentence denotes Th e assessment was coordinated by the Ugandan National IHR Focal Point (NFP) with technical and logistical support from the WHO.
TextSentencer_T49 6857-6986 Sentence denotes Th e assessment was coordinated by the Ugandan National IHR Focal Point (NFP) with technical and logistical support from the WHO.
TextSentencer_T50 6987-7074 Sentence denotes Th e assessment team included IHR(2005) stakeholders from national and district levels.
TextSentencer_T50 6987-7074 Sentence denotes Th e assessment team included IHR(2005) stakeholders from national and district levels.
TextSentencer_T51 7075-7232 Sentence denotes A two-day pre-assessment workshop was held to examine the priorities and objectives, and adapt and pretest the assessment protocol and data collection tools.
TextSentencer_T51 7075-7232 Sentence denotes A two-day pre-assessment workshop was held to examine the priorities and objectives, and adapt and pretest the assessment protocol and data collection tools.
TextSentencer_T52 7233-7372 Sentence denotes At the national level, a convenience sample of fi ve sectors were visited to assess the capacities for each of the fi ve IHR(2005) hazards.
TextSentencer_T52 7233-7372 Sentence denotes At the national level, a convenience sample of fi ve sectors were visited to assess the capacities for each of the fi ve IHR(2005) hazards.
TextSentencer_T53 7373-8072 Sentence denotes Th e sectors included the Ministry of Health Headquarters and two national reference laboratories (Uganda Virus Research Institute and Central Public Health laboratory) for the infectious disease assessment; the Ministry of Agriculture Animal Industry and Fisheries and the Uganda Wild Life Authority for the zoonotic disease assessment; the Radiological Department in Mulago hospital for the radio-nuclear assessment; the National Drug Authority and the Uganda National Bureau of Standards for the food safety assessment; the National Environment Management Authority for the chemical assessment; and Entebbe International Airport, Port Bell and Busia border post for the point of entry assessment.
TextSentencer_T53 7373-8072 Sentence denotes Th e sectors included the Ministry of Health Headquarters and two national reference laboratories (Uganda Virus Research Institute and Central Public Health laboratory) for the infectious disease assessment; the Ministry of Agriculture Animal Industry and Fisheries and the Uganda Wild Life Authority for the zoonotic disease assessment; the Radiological Department in Mulago hospital for the radio-nuclear assessment; the National Drug Authority and the Uganda National Bureau of Standards for the food safety assessment; the National Environment Management Authority for the chemical assessment; and Entebbe International Airport, Port Bell and Busia border post for the point of entry assessment.
TextSentencer_T54 8073-8260 Sentence denotes During the sectoral interviews, the hazard focal point offi cers or other technical offi cers identifi ed by the sectoral head were selected for administering the adapted assessment tool.
TextSentencer_T54 8073-8260 Sentence denotes During the sectoral interviews, the hazard focal point offi cers or other technical offi cers identifi ed by the sectoral head were selected for administering the adapted assessment tool.
TextSentencer_T55 8261-8412 Sentence denotes At the district level, a convenience sample of 13 (16%) districts were selected to assess the core capacity requirements for all the IHR(2005) hazards.
TextSentencer_T55 8261-8412 Sentence denotes At the district level, a convenience sample of 13 (16%) districts were selected to assess the core capacity requirements for all the IHR(2005) hazards.
TextSentencer_T56 8413-8600 Sentence denotes In selecting the districts, we considered regional representation from all the four regions of Uganda, districts that are prone to disease outbreaks, and those with major points of entry.
TextSentencer_T56 8413-8600 Sentence denotes In selecting the districts, we considered regional representation from all the four regions of Uganda, districts that are prone to disease outbreaks, and those with major points of entry.
TextSentencer_T57 8601-8743 Sentence denotes Th e selected districts included Hoima, Busia, Tororo, Moyo, Ntungamo, Bushenyi, Kasese, Arua, Kampala, Mpigi, Wakiso, Bundibugyo, and Kitgum.
TextSentencer_T57 8601-8743 Sentence denotes Th e selected districts included Hoima, Busia, Tororo, Moyo, Ntungamo, Bushenyi, Kasese, Arua, Kampala, Mpigi, Wakiso, Bundibugyo, and Kitgum.
TextSentencer_T58 8744-8942 Sentence denotes In each of the selected districts, the assessment was conducted for the district health offi ce, one hospital or a Health Centre IV (HCIV), and three lower level health centres (2 HCIII and 1 HCII).
TextSentencer_T58 8744-8942 Sentence denotes In each of the selected districts, the assessment was conducted for the district health offi ce, one hospital or a Health Centre IV (HCIV), and three lower level health centres (2 HCIII and 1 HCII).
TextSentencer_T59 8943-9049 Sentence denotes All the facilities were selected randomly using the raffl e method in each of the participating districts.
TextSentencer_T59 8943-9049 Sentence denotes All the facilities were selected randomly using the raffl e method in each of the participating districts.
TextSentencer_T60 9050-9356 Sentence denotes Th e core capacities assessed for each of the fi ve IHR(2005) hazards (infectious, chemical, zoonoses, food safety, radio-nuclear) and points of entry included: national legislation and policy; coordination; surveillance; response; preparedness; risk communication; laboratory; and human resource capacity.
TextSentencer_T60 9050-9356 Sentence denotes Th e core capacities assessed for each of the fi ve IHR(2005) hazards (infectious, chemical, zoonoses, food safety, radio-nuclear) and points of entry included: national legislation and policy; coordination; surveillance; response; preparedness; risk communication; laboratory; and human resource capacity.
TextSentencer_T61 9357-9442 Sentence denotes Data entry screens were developed to facilitate data entry using the Epi Info™ [10] .
TextSentencer_T61 9357-9442 Sentence denotes Data entry screens were developed to facilitate data entry using the Epi Info™ [10] .
TextSentencer_T62 9443-9671 Sentence denotes Th e data were coded prior to entry and following the completion of data entry, the database was cleaned to facilitate the running of frequencies to determine the level of core capacities for each of the fi ve IHR(2005) hazards.
TextSentencer_T62 9443-9671 Sentence denotes Th e data were coded prior to entry and following the completion of data entry, the database was cleaned to facilitate the running of frequencies to determine the level of core capacities for each of the fi ve IHR(2005) hazards.
TextSentencer_T63 9672-9807 Sentence denotes Frequency tables and charts were used to summarize the core capacity levels by hazard at national, district and health facility levels.
TextSentencer_T63 9672-9807 Sentence denotes Frequency tables and charts were used to summarize the core capacity levels by hazard at national, district and health facility levels.
TextSentencer_T64 9808-9947 Sentence denotes Th e qualitative analysis by way of strengths, weaknesses, oppor tunities and threats was used for the interpretation of quantitative data.
TextSentencer_T64 9808-9947 Sentence denotes Th e qualitative analysis by way of strengths, weaknesses, oppor tunities and threats was used for the interpretation of quantitative data.
TextSentencer_T65 9948-10083 Sentence denotes Th e laws governing surveillance and response for infectious diseases in Uganda were contained in the Public Health (PH) Act (CAP 281).
TextSentencer_T65 9948-10083 Sentence denotes Th e laws governing surveillance and response for infectious diseases in Uganda were contained in the Public Health (PH) Act (CAP 281).
TextSentencer_T66 10084-10200 Sentence denotes Th e PH Act provided for cross-border surveillance and the implementation of control measures during a PH emergency.
TextSentencer_T66 10084-10200 Sentence denotes Th e PH Act provided for cross-border surveillance and the implementation of control measures during a PH emergency.
TextSentencer_T67 10201-10275 Sentence denotes Th e Act mandated the Minister of Health to declare a disease notifi able.
TextSentencer_T67 10201-10275 Sentence denotes Th e Act mandated the Minister of Health to declare a disease notifi able.
TextSentencer_T68 10276-10476 Sentence denotes However, the list of notifi able diseases did not include several IHR(2005) notifi able conditions, such as Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS), infl uenza caused by a new sub-type, and smallpox.
TextSentencer_T68 10276-10476 Sentence denotes However, the list of notifi able diseases did not include several IHR(2005) notifi able conditions, such as Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS), infl uenza caused by a new sub-type, and smallpox.
TextSentencer_T69 10477-10626 Sentence denotes Similarly, the list of notifi able diseases did not require mandatory notifi cation of chemical and radio-nuclear hazards by public health offi cers.
TextSentencer_T69 10477-10626 Sentence denotes Similarly, the list of notifi able diseases did not require mandatory notifi cation of chemical and radio-nuclear hazards by public health offi cers.
TextSentencer_T70 10627-10821 Sentence denotes Th e Animal Diseases Act (CAP 38) and the Rabies Act (CAP 44) provided for the notifi cation, surveillance and response to zoonotic events like brucellosis, anthrax, avian infl uenza and rabies.
TextSentencer_T70 10627-10821 Sentence denotes Th e Animal Diseases Act (CAP 38) and the Rabies Act (CAP 44) provided for the notifi cation, surveillance and response to zoonotic events like brucellosis, anthrax, avian infl uenza and rabies.
TextSentencer_T71 10822-10935 Sentence denotes Th e Wild Life Act (CAP 200) existed but did not provide for the mandatory notifi cation of zoonoses in wildlife.
TextSentencer_T71 10822-10935 Sentence denotes Th e Wild Life Act (CAP 200) existed but did not provide for the mandatory notifi cation of zoonoses in wildlife.
TextSentencer_T72 10936-11177 Sentence denotes Th e National Environment Act (CAP 153) empowered the local environment committees in districts to report any events or activities which had or were likely to have signifi cant impacts on the environment to the District Environment Offi cer.
TextSentencer_T72 10936-11177 Sentence denotes Th e National Environment Act (CAP 153) empowered the local environment committees in districts to report any events or activities which had or were likely to have signifi cant impacts on the environment to the District Environment Offi cer.
TextSentencer_T73 11178-11357 Sentence denotes Th ere was, however, a need to create mechanisms to ensure that events with public health implications were reported to the District Health Offi cer and eventually to the IHR NFP.
TextSentencer_T73 11178-11357 Sentence denotes Th ere was, however, a need to create mechanisms to ensure that events with public health implications were reported to the District Health Offi cer and eventually to the IHR NFP.
TextSentencer_T74 11358-11614 Sentence denotes Th e Atomic Energy Act of 2008 (CAP 143) provided guidance on the utilization of atomic energy for socioeconomic development and ensured that safety standards were upheld through regular inspections of radio-nuclear facilities by the Atomic Energy Council.
TextSentencer_T74 11358-11614 Sentence denotes Th e Atomic Energy Act of 2008 (CAP 143) provided guidance on the utilization of atomic energy for socioeconomic development and ensured that safety standards were upheld through regular inspections of radio-nuclear facilities by the Atomic Energy Council.
TextSentencer_T75 11615-11767 Sentence denotes Th e legislation, however, did not provide for mandatory notifi cation of accidents, leakage or theft of radioactive sources at radionuclear facilities.
TextSentencer_T75 11615-11767 Sentence denotes Th e legislation, however, did not provide for mandatory notifi cation of accidents, leakage or theft of radioactive sources at radionuclear facilities.
TextSentencer_T76 11768-11959 Sentence denotes Th e National Food and Drugs Act (CAP 278) provided for the notifi cation of cases of food poisoning to the District Health Offi cer and the withdrawal of contaminated foods from the shelves.
TextSentencer_T76 11768-11959 Sentence denotes Th e National Food and Drugs Act (CAP 278) provided for the notifi cation of cases of food poisoning to the District Health Offi cer and the withdrawal of contaminated foods from the shelves.
TextSentencer_T77 11960-12134 Sentence denotes Th e coordination of emergencies was a mandate of the Offi ce of the Prime Minister (OPM) and was executed by a multi-sectoral Disaster Preparedness and Management committee.
TextSentencer_T77 11960-12134 Sentence denotes Th e coordination of emergencies was a mandate of the Offi ce of the Prime Minister (OPM) and was executed by a multi-sectoral Disaster Preparedness and Management committee.
TextSentencer_T78 12135-12242 Sentence denotes Th ere was no disaster management policy and strategic plan addressing the IHR(2005) multihazards approach.
TextSentencer_T78 12135-12242 Sentence denotes Th ere was no disaster management policy and strategic plan addressing the IHR(2005) multihazards approach.
TextSentencer_T79 12243-12378 Sentence denotes Public health emergencies were, however, coordinated by a multi-sectoral National Task Force that is chaired by the Ministry of Health.
TextSentencer_T79 12243-12378 Sentence denotes Public health emergencies were, however, coordinated by a multi-sectoral National Task Force that is chaired by the Ministry of Health.
TextSentencer_T80 12379-12501 Sentence denotes Th e frequency of the meetings was determined by the presence and nature of a disease outbreak or public health emergency.
TextSentencer_T80 12379-12501 Sentence denotes Th e frequency of the meetings was determined by the presence and nature of a disease outbreak or public health emergency.
TextSentencer_T81 12502-12746 Sentence denotes At the district level, the corresponding structures for coordination of disasters and public health emergencies were the District Disaster Management Committee (DDMC) and the District Epidemic Preparedness and Response committees, respectively.
TextSentencer_T81 12502-12746 Sentence denotes At the district level, the corresponding structures for coordination of disasters and public health emergencies were the District Disaster Management Committee (DDMC) and the District Epidemic Preparedness and Response committees, respectively.
TextSentencer_T82 12747-12849 Sentence denotes Th ese were functional in 92% (12/13) of the districts, but they only met when there was an emergency.
TextSentencer_T82 12747-12849 Sentence denotes Th ese were functional in 92% (12/13) of the districts, but they only met when there was an emergency.
TextSentencer_T83 12850-12959 Sentence denotes Th ere was a designated IHR NFP that was located in the National Surveillance Unit in the Ministry of Health.
TextSentencer_T83 12850-12959 Sentence denotes Th ere was a designated IHR NFP that was located in the National Surveillance Unit in the Ministry of Health.
TextSentencer_T84 12960-13095 Sentence denotes Communications from the IHR NFP were done within the IDSR context and were limited to the health sector at the time of this assessment.
TextSentencer_T84 12960-13095 Sentence denotes Communications from the IHR NFP were done within the IDSR context and were limited to the health sector at the time of this assessment.
TextSentencer_T85 13096-13229 Sentence denotes Operational communication was therefore lacking between the IHR NFP and the other IHR stakeholders located outside the health sector.
TextSentencer_T85 13096-13229 Sentence denotes Operational communication was therefore lacking between the IHR NFP and the other IHR stakeholders located outside the health sector.
TextSentencer_T86 13230-13423 Sentence denotes Th ere were no designated sectoral IHR Focal Points (FPs) to facilitate communications with the IHR NFP in prevent ing and responding to zoonotic, foodborne, chemical and radio-nuclear hazards.
TextSentencer_T86 13230-13423 Sentence denotes Th ere were no designated sectoral IHR Focal Points (FPs) to facilitate communications with the IHR NFP in prevent ing and responding to zoonotic, foodborne, chemical and radio-nuclear hazards.
TextSentencer_T87 13424-13528 Sentence denotes However, the IHR NFP monitored events at the international level through the WHO event information site.
TextSentencer_T87 13424-13528 Sentence denotes However, the IHR NFP monitored events at the international level through the WHO event information site.
TextSentencer_T88 13529-13667 Sentence denotes Th ree epidemiologists in the IHR NFP had access to the site and received e-mail alerts of events notifi ed by other countries to the WHO.
TextSentencer_T88 13529-13667 Sentence denotes Th ree epidemiologists in the IHR NFP had access to the site and received e-mail alerts of events notifi ed by other countries to the WHO.
TextSentencer_T89 13668-13891 Sentence denotes Th e IHR NFP was mandated to provide technical and logistical support to district rapid response teams to conduct the initial health risk assessment and to initiate public health responses during public health emer gencies.
TextSentencer_T89 13668-13891 Sentence denotes Th e IHR NFP was mandated to provide technical and logistical support to district rapid response teams to conduct the initial health risk assessment and to initiate public health responses during public health emer gencies.
TextSentencer_T90 13892-14004 Sentence denotes Further more, the IHR NFP was the national authority responsible for notifi cation of PH emergencies to the WHO.
TextSentencer_T90 13892-14004 Sentence denotes Further more, the IHR NFP was the national authority responsible for notifi cation of PH emergencies to the WHO.
TextSentencer_T91 14005-14153 Sentence denotes However, systematic use of the decision instrument (Annex 2 of the IHR [2005] ) to guide notifi cation by the IHR NFP to the WHO IHR FP was lacking.
TextSentencer_T91 14005-14153 Sentence denotes However, systematic use of the decision instrument (Annex 2 of the IHR [2005] ) to guide notifi cation by the IHR NFP to the WHO IHR FP was lacking.
TextSentencer_T92 14154-14314 Sentence denotes Only one public health emergency, pandemic infl uenza (H1N1), had been notifi ed by the IHR NFP to the WHO IHR FP within the 12 months preceding the assessment.
TextSentencer_T92 14154-14314 Sentence denotes Only one public health emergency, pandemic infl uenza (H1N1), had been notifi ed by the IHR NFP to the WHO IHR FP within the 12 months preceding the assessment.
TextSentencer_T93 14315-14433 Sentence denotes A sensitisation workshop of key stakeholders on the IHR(2005) had been conducted at the national level by the IHR NFP.
TextSentencer_T93 14315-14433 Sentence denotes A sensitisation workshop of key stakeholders on the IHR(2005) had been conducted at the national level by the IHR NFP.
TextSentencer_T94 14434-14573 Sentence denotes However, sub-national sensitisations had not been undertaken and a committee relevant to IHR(2005) implementation had not been established.
TextSentencer_T94 14434-14573 Sentence denotes However, sub-national sensitisations had not been undertaken and a committee relevant to IHR(2005) implementation had not been established.
TextSentencer_T95 14574-14696 Sentence denotes Similarly, information packages on the IHR(2005) for diff erent target groups and the IHR webpage had not been instituted.
TextSentencer_T95 14574-14696 Sentence denotes Similarly, information packages on the IHR(2005) for diff erent target groups and the IHR webpage had not been instituted.
TextSentencer_T96 14697-14808 Sentence denotes At the district level, none of the districts visited had undertaken activities to increase IHR(2005) awareness.
TextSentencer_T96 14697-14808 Sentence denotes At the district level, none of the districts visited had undertaken activities to increase IHR(2005) awareness.
TextSentencer_T97 14809-14931 Sentence denotes Similarly, the IHR information packages were not available in all the districts for distribution to the health facilities.
TextSentencer_T97 14809-14931 Sentence denotes Similarly, the IHR information packages were not available in all the districts for distribution to the health facilities.
TextSentencer_T98 14932-15096 Sentence denotes Uganda was using the IDSR strategy to conduct surveillance and initiate interventions for the control of infectious and zoonotic diseases in the general population.
TextSentencer_T98 14932-15096 Sentence denotes Uganda was using the IDSR strategy to conduct surveillance and initiate interventions for the control of infectious and zoonotic diseases in the general population.
TextSentencer_T99 15097-15317 Sentence denotes Th e national list of priority conditions was limited to the list of IDSR priority conditions, and hence did not include SARS, infl uenza caused by a new subtype, smallpox, or chemical, radiological, and nuclear hazards.
TextSentencer_T99 15097-15317 Sentence denotes Th e national list of priority conditions was limited to the list of IDSR priority conditions, and hence did not include SARS, infl uenza caused by a new subtype, smallpox, or chemical, radiological, and nuclear hazards.
TextSentencer_T100 15318-15561 Sentence denotes All the districts (13/13) visited had designated public health surveillance offi ces, most had IDSR technical guidelines (92%, or 12/13), and all (13/13) had case defini tions for guidance in case detection of infectious and zoonotic diseases.
TextSentencer_T100 15318-15561 Sentence denotes All the districts (13/13) visited had designated public health surveillance offi ces, most had IDSR technical guidelines (92%, or 12/13), and all (13/13) had case defini tions for guidance in case detection of infectious and zoonotic diseases.
TextSentencer_T101 15562-15759 Sentence denotes However, only 57% (35/61) and 66% (40/61) of the health facilities had IDSR technical guidelines and case defi nitions, respectively, for infectious and zoonotic diseases surveillance ( Figure 1 ).
TextSentencer_T101 15562-15759 Sentence denotes However, only 57% (35/61) and 66% (40/61) of the health facilities had IDSR technical guidelines and case defi nitions, respectively, for infectious and zoonotic diseases surveillance ( Figure 1 ).
TextSentencer_T102 15760-15901 Sentence denotes Th e surveillance guidelines and case defi nitions on SARS, smallpox, radiological, nuclear and foodborne hazards were lacking at all levels.
TextSentencer_T102 15760-15901 Sentence denotes Th e surveillance guidelines and case defi nitions on SARS, smallpox, radiological, nuclear and foodborne hazards were lacking at all levels.
TextSentencer_T103 15902-16050 Sentence denotes Standardized patient registers and report forms were used to collect and report data on infectious and zoonotic events at the health facility level.
TextSentencer_T103 15902-16050 Sentence denotes Standardized patient registers and report forms were used to collect and report data on infectious and zoonotic events at the health facility level.
TextSentencer_T104 16051-16145 Sentence denotes Th e forms, however, lacked provision for reporting several IHR priority diseases and hazards.
TextSentencer_T104 16051-16145 Sentence denotes Th e forms, however, lacked provision for reporting several IHR priority diseases and hazards.
TextSentencer_T105 16146-16398 Sentence denotes Th e immediate and weekly reporting of infectious and zoonotic events in humans were largely communicated to the district and national levels by telephone and Short Message Service (SMS) (77%, or 10/13), and to a lesser extent by e-mail and radio call.
TextSentencer_T105 16146-16398 Sentence denotes Th e immediate and weekly reporting of infectious and zoonotic events in humans were largely communicated to the district and national levels by telephone and Short Message Service (SMS) (77%, or 10/13), and to a lesser extent by e-mail and radio call.
TextSentencer_T106 16399-16509 Sentence denotes Th e National Surveillance Unit, the designated IHR NFP, received the surveillance reports from the districts.
TextSentencer_T106 16399-16509 Sentence denotes Th e National Surveillance Unit, the designated IHR NFP, received the surveillance reports from the districts.
TextSentencer_T107 16510-16628 Sentence denotes Th e average completeness and timeliness of weekly reporting were assessed for the four weeks preceding the interview.
TextSentencer_T107 16510-16628 Sentence denotes Th e average completeness and timeliness of weekly reporting were assessed for the four weeks preceding the interview.
TextSentencer_T108 16629-16874 Sentence denotes During the period from 31 August to 27 September 2009, the average completeness and timeliness for weekly public health surveillance reporting from the district to the national level was 83% (range 46-100%) and 68% (range 44-100%), respectively.
TextSentencer_T108 16629-16874 Sentence denotes During the period from 31 August to 27 September 2009, the average completeness and timeliness for weekly public health surveillance reporting from the district to the national level was 83% (range 46-100%) and 68% (range 44-100%), respectively.
TextSentencer_T109 16875-17104 Sentence denotes During the same period, the average completeness and timeliness of weekly public health surveillance reporting from the health facility to district level was 88% (range 52-100%) and 73% (range 48-100%), respectively ( Figure 2 ).
TextSentencer_T109 16875-17104 Sentence denotes During the same period, the average completeness and timeliness of weekly public health surveillance reporting from the health facility to district level was 88% (range 52-100%) and 73% (range 48-100%), respectively ( Figure 2 ).
TextSentencer_T110 17105-17298 Sentence denotes Th e data received at the national level underwent verifi cation and analysis and was thereafter compiled into a weekly epidemiological newsletter for disseminated to all the IDSR stakeholders.
TextSentencer_T110 17105-17298 Sentence denotes Th e data received at the national level underwent verifi cation and analysis and was thereafter compiled into a weekly epidemiological newsletter for disseminated to all the IDSR stakeholders.
TextSentencer_T111 17299-17471 Sentence denotes All the districts had the capacity to systematically analyze data in terms of person, time and place using either Microsoft Excel, Epi Info™ or paper-based manual analysis.
TextSentencer_T111 17299-17471 Sentence denotes All the districts had the capacity to systematically analyze data in terms of person, time and place using either Microsoft Excel, Epi Info™ or paper-based manual analysis.
TextSentencer_T112 17472-17603 Sentence denotes However, only 62% (38/61) of the health facilities had the capacity to systematically conduct basic analysis of epidemiologic data.
TextSentencer_T112 17472-17603 Sentence denotes However, only 62% (38/61) of the health facilities had the capacity to systematically conduct basic analysis of epidemiologic data.
TextSentencer_T113 17604-17730 Sentence denotes Th e majority, 69% (9/13), of the districts reported the availability of a computerized system to analyze epidemio logic data.
TextSentencer_T113 17604-17730 Sentence denotes Th e majority, 69% (9/13), of the districts reported the availability of a computerized system to analyze epidemio logic data.
TextSentencer_T114 17731-17871 Sentence denotes On the contrary, only 16% (10/61) of the health facilities reported the availability of a computerized system to analyze epidemiologic data.
TextSentencer_T114 17731-17871 Sentence denotes On the contrary, only 16% (10/61) of the health facilities reported the availability of a computerized system to analyze epidemiologic data.
TextSentencer_T115 17872-17945 Sentence denotes Supervisory visits by the MoH to the districts were few and inconsistent.
TextSentencer_T115 17872-17945 Sentence denotes Supervisory visits by the MoH to the districts were few and inconsistent.
TextSentencer_T116 17946-18096 Sentence denotes Only 15% (2/13) of the districts benefi ted from the supervision of surveillance activities by the MoH in the six months that preceded the assessment.
TextSentencer_T116 17946-18096 Sentence denotes Only 15% (2/13) of the districts benefi ted from the supervision of surveillance activities by the MoH in the six months that preceded the assessment.
TextSentencer_T117 18097-18267 Sentence denotes Th e dissemination of the weekly epidemiologic data was done through weekly newsletters, publication of the data in the newspapers, e-mail, and the monthly IDSR meetings.
TextSentencer_T117 18097-18267 Sentence denotes Th e dissemination of the weekly epidemiologic data was done through weekly newsletters, publication of the data in the newspapers, e-mail, and the monthly IDSR meetings.
TextSentencer_T118 18268-18469 Sentence denotes Cross-border surveillance activities like screening, isolation, quarantine and provision of information were under taken in response to the SARS outbreak in 2003 and pandemic infl uenza (H1N1) in 2009.
TextSentencer_T118 18268-18469 Sentence denotes Cross-border surveillance activities like screening, isolation, quarantine and provision of information were under taken in response to the SARS outbreak in 2003 and pandemic infl uenza (H1N1) in 2009.
TextSentencer_T119 18470-18586 Sentence denotes Th e crossborder activities were therefore not routine and barely lasted beyond the prevailing public health threat.
TextSentencer_T119 18470-18586 Sentence denotes Th e crossborder activities were therefore not routine and barely lasted beyond the prevailing public health threat.
TextSentencer_T120 18587-18841 Sentence denotes However, there were periodic joint cross-border planning and simulation exercises for pandemic infl uenza under the East African Community (EAC) Secretariat and these could be used to strengthen the IHR(2005) cross-border surveillance capacities as well.
TextSentencer_T120 18587-18841 Sentence denotes However, there were periodic joint cross-border planning and simulation exercises for pandemic infl uenza under the East African Community (EAC) Secretariat and these could be used to strengthen the IHR(2005) cross-border surveillance capacities as well.
TextSentencer_T121 18842-19014 Sentence denotes National and district rapid response teams (RRT) were functional, but their composition did not meet the expertise required for the multi-hazards approach of the IHR(2005).
TextSentencer_T121 18842-19014 Sentence denotes National and district rapid response teams (RRT) were functional, but their composition did not meet the expertise required for the multi-hazards approach of the IHR(2005).
TextSentencer_T122 19015-19174 Sentence denotes National clinical guidelines for case management of common infections and zoonoses were found in all the districts and in 52% (32/61) of the health facilities.
TextSentencer_T122 19015-19174 Sentence denotes National clinical guidelines for case management of common infections and zoonoses were found in all the districts and in 52% (32/61) of the health facilities.
TextSentencer_T123 19175-19271 Sentence denotes Th e guidelines, however, lacked procedures for management of chemical and radio-nuclear events.
TextSentencer_T123 19175-19271 Sentence denotes Th e guidelines, however, lacked procedures for management of chemical and radio-nuclear events.
TextSentencer_T124 19272-19463 Sentence denotes National and district emergency teams, including health care workers at health facility level, had been trained in the management of emergencies due to common infectious and zoonotic hazards.
TextSentencer_T124 19272-19463 Sentence denotes National and district emergency teams, including health care workers at health facility level, had been trained in the management of emergencies due to common infectious and zoonotic hazards.
TextSentencer_T125 19464-19560 Sentence denotes Corresponding training for manag ing chemical and radio-nuclear hazards had not been undertaken.
TextSentencer_T125 19464-19560 Sentence denotes Corresponding training for manag ing chemical and radio-nuclear hazards had not been undertaken.
TextSentencer_T126 19561-19787 Sentence denotes Projects like Making Medical Injections Safe (MMIS) and other district-based programs were vital in building infection control capacity in the districts, but the country lacked an in-service infection control training program.
TextSentencer_T126 19561-19787 Sentence denotes Projects like Making Medical Injections Safe (MMIS) and other district-based programs were vital in building infection control capacity in the districts, but the country lacked an in-service infection control training program.
TextSentencer_T127 19788-19942 Sentence denotes Medical isolation wards were lacking in all the health facilities visited since they were not included in the standard MoH health facility building plans.
TextSentencer_T127 19788-19942 Sentence denotes Medical isolation wards were lacking in all the health facilities visited since they were not included in the standard MoH health facility building plans.
TextSentencer_T128 19943-20085 Sentence denotes Similarly, public health decontamination capabilities for chemical and radio-nuclear hazards were lacking at the national and district levels.
TextSentencer_T128 19943-20085 Sentence denotes Similarly, public health decontamination capabilities for chemical and radio-nuclear hazards were lacking at the national and district levels.
TextSentencer_T129 20086-20208 Sentence denotes Th ere were disease-specifi c national preparedness plans for pandemic infl uenza, malaria, hepatitis E virus and cholera.
TextSentencer_T129 20086-20208 Sentence denotes Th ere were disease-specifi c national preparedness plans for pandemic infl uenza, malaria, hepatitis E virus and cholera.
TextSentencer_T130 20209-20316 Sentence denotes Th e country, however, lacked a comprehensive plan incorporating the all-hazards approach of the IHR(2005).
TextSentencer_T130 20209-20316 Sentence denotes Th e country, however, lacked a comprehensive plan incorporating the all-hazards approach of the IHR(2005).
TextSentencer_T131 20317-20439 Sentence denotes About half (54%) of the districts had preparedness plans, but these also lacked the all-hazards approach of the IHR(2005).
TextSentencer_T131 20317-20439 Sentence denotes About half (54%) of the districts had preparedness plans, but these also lacked the all-hazards approach of the IHR(2005).
TextSentencer_T132 20440-20579 Sentence denotes Th e MoH had a roster of experts for supporting infectious hazards response, but it lacked food safety, chemical and radio-nuclear experts.
TextSentencer_T132 20440-20579 Sentence denotes Th e MoH had a roster of experts for supporting infectious hazards response, but it lacked food safety, chemical and radio-nuclear experts.
TextSentencer_T133 20580-20716 Sentence denotes An assessment of public health emergency needs had not been undertaken at the national level or in 77% (10/13) of the districts visited.
TextSentencer_T133 20580-20716 Sentence denotes An assessment of public health emergency needs had not been undertaken at the national level or in 77% (10/13) of the districts visited.
TextSentencer_T134 20717-20859 Sentence denotes Nonetheless, the MoH had a national stockpile that included drugs like Tamifl u, meningitis vaccines and personal protective equipment (PPEs).
TextSentencer_T134 20717-20859 Sentence denotes Nonetheless, the MoH had a national stockpile that included drugs like Tamifl u, meningitis vaccines and personal protective equipment (PPEs).
TextSentencer_T135 20860-20945 Sentence denotes Th ere was a designated unit in the MoH for risk communication during PH emergencies.
TextSentencer_T135 20860-20945 Sentence denotes Th ere was a designated unit in the MoH for risk communication during PH emergencies.
TextSentencer_T136 20946-21024 Sentence denotes Th e head of the unit was the designated spokesperson for the MoH emergencies.
TextSentencer_T136 20946-21024 Sentence denotes Th e head of the unit was the designated spokesperson for the MoH emergencies.
TextSentencer_T137 21025-21174 Sentence denotes Similarly, all (13/13) of the districts had focal point offi cers that serve as spokespersons for coordinating risk communication during emergencies.
TextSentencer_T137 21025-21174 Sentence denotes Similarly, all (13/13) of the districts had focal point offi cers that serve as spokespersons for coordinating risk communication during emergencies.
TextSentencer_T138 21175-21414 Sentence denotes Th ough the roles, responsibilities and procedures for coordination of risk communication stakeholders were well articulated as part of institutional memory, national guidelines on risk communication were lacking to backup the information.
TextSentencer_T138 21175-21414 Sentence denotes Th ough the roles, responsibilities and procedures for coordination of risk communication stakeholders were well articulated as part of institutional memory, national guidelines on risk communication were lacking to backup the information.
TextSentencer_T139 21415-21550 Sentence denotes Th e MoH had a website which was accessible to the media and public for information dissemination, though it was not regularly updated.
TextSentencer_T139 21415-21550 Sentence denotes Th e MoH had a website which was accessible to the media and public for information dissemination, though it was not regularly updated.
TextSentencer_T140 21551-21715 Sentence denotes Furthermore, the countrywide network of FM radio stations and Village Health Teams off ered vital media for disseminating health messages and educating communities.
TextSentencer_T140 21551-21715 Sentence denotes Furthermore, the countrywide network of FM radio stations and Village Health Teams off ered vital media for disseminating health messages and educating communities.
TextSentencer_T141 21716-21919 Sentence denotes Community messages and materials for the common epidemic diseases (e.g. cholera, meningitis, polio, measles, avian infl uenza [H5N1] and pan demic infl uenza [H1N1]) were available at the national level.
TextSentencer_T141 21716-21919 Sentence denotes Community messages and materials for the common epidemic diseases (e.g. cholera, meningitis, polio, measles, avian infl uenza [H5N1] and pan demic infl uenza [H1N1]) were available at the national level.
TextSentencer_T142 21920-22065 Sentence denotes However, the development of risk communication plans and the mass production of the materials were almost always done during the epidemic season.
TextSentencer_T142 21920-22065 Sentence denotes However, the development of risk communication plans and the mass production of the materials were almost always done during the epidemic season.
TextSentencer_T143 22066-22182 Sentence denotes Th is therefore usually resulted in risk communication materials not being readily available when outbreaks started.
TextSentencer_T143 22066-22182 Sentence denotes Th is therefore usually resulted in risk communication materials not being readily available when outbreaks started.
TextSentencer_T144 22183-22271 Sentence denotes In addition, the scope of the messages fell short of the IHR(2005) all-hazards approach.
TextSentencer_T144 22183-22271 Sentence denotes In addition, the scope of the messages fell short of the IHR(2005) all-hazards approach.
TextSentencer_T145 22272-22420 Sentence denotes An assessment of human resource capacities and corresponding training needs in light of the IHR(2005) multihazards approach had not been undertaken.
TextSentencer_T145 22272-22420 Sentence denotes An assessment of human resource capacities and corresponding training needs in light of the IHR(2005) multihazards approach had not been undertaken.
TextSentencer_T146 22421-22654 Sentence denotes Th ere were at least 17 health training institutions in the country for training public health specialists/epidemiologists, clinical medicine specialists, medical doctors, clinical offi cers, nurses and other paramedical professions.
TextSentencer_T146 22421-22654 Sentence denotes Th ere were at least 17 health training institutions in the country for training public health specialists/epidemiologists, clinical medicine specialists, medical doctors, clinical offi cers, nurses and other paramedical professions.
TextSentencer_T147 22655-22906 Sentence denotes However, there were no training programs in epidemiology for diploma holders like the district public health surveillance offi cers and laboratory focal persons, yet they are at the centre of coordinating district surveillance and response activities.
TextSentencer_T147 22655-22906 Sentence denotes However, there were no training programs in epidemiology for diploma holders like the district public health surveillance offi cers and laboratory focal persons, yet they are at the centre of coordinating district surveillance and response activities.
TextSentencer_T148 22907-23196 Sentence denotes Th e national laboratory policy of 2009 provided for the designation of a national laboratory coordinating offi ce in the MoH and the defi nition of roles and responsibilities of laboratories at national, regional and district levels with regards to infectious and zoonotic investigations.
TextSentencer_T148 22907-23196 Sentence denotes Th e national laboratory policy of 2009 provided for the designation of a national laboratory coordinating offi ce in the MoH and the defi nition of roles and responsibilities of laboratories at national, regional and district levels with regards to infectious and zoonotic investigations.
TextSentencer_T149 23197-23321 Sentence denotes A fi ve-year strategic plan for strengthening national laboratory services was being drafted by the MoH and health partners.
TextSentencer_T149 23197-23321 Sentence denotes A fi ve-year strategic plan for strengthening national laboratory services was being drafted by the MoH and health partners.
TextSentencer_T150 23322-23450 Sentence denotes Th e laboratory standard operating proce dures (SOPs) for infectious and zoonotic diseases were available at the national level.
TextSentencer_T150 23322-23450 Sentence denotes Th e laboratory standard operating proce dures (SOPs) for infectious and zoonotic diseases were available at the national level.
TextSentencer_T151 23451-23550 Sentence denotes Most (77%, or 10/13) of the districts had the laboratory SOPs for infectious and zoonotic diseases.
TextSentencer_T151 23451-23550 Sentence denotes Most (77%, or 10/13) of the districts had the laboratory SOPs for infectious and zoonotic diseases.
TextSentencer_T152 23551-23695 Sentence denotes Similarly, most (77%, or 10/13) of the districts had conducted an inventory of laboratory capacity for the various health facility laboratories.
TextSentencer_T152 23551-23695 Sentence denotes Similarly, most (77%, or 10/13) of the districts had conducted an inventory of laboratory capacity for the various health facility laboratories.
TextSentencer_T153 23696-23878 Sentence denotes However, only 54% (7/13) of the districts had operational plans to strengthen laboratory services and only 46% (6/13) of the districts reported that the plans were being implemented.
TextSentencer_T153 23696-23878 Sentence denotes However, only 54% (7/13) of the districts had operational plans to strengthen laboratory services and only 46% (6/13) of the districts reported that the plans were being implemented.
TextSentencer_T154 23879-23995 Sentence denotes Only 39% (5/13) of the districts had a plan for continuing professional development of laboratory staff (Figure 3 ).
TextSentencer_T154 23879-23995 Sentence denotes Only 39% (5/13) of the districts had a plan for continuing professional development of laboratory staff (Figure 3 ).
TextSentencer_T155 23996-24142 Sentence denotes At the health facility level, only 36% (22/61) had laboratory SOPs while only 26% (16/61) had conducted an inventory of their laboratory capacity.
TextSentencer_T155 23996-24142 Sentence denotes At the health facility level, only 36% (22/61) had laboratory SOPs while only 26% (16/61) had conducted an inventory of their laboratory capacity.
TextSentencer_T156 24143-24365 Sentence denotes A paltry 13% (8/61) of health facilities had adequate specimen collection/ transport materials for routine investigations while 20% (12/61) and 15% (9/61) had adequate lab reagents and adequate lab equipment, respectively.
TextSentencer_T156 24143-24365 Sentence denotes A paltry 13% (8/61) of health facilities had adequate specimen collection/ transport materials for routine investigations while 20% (12/61) and 15% (9/61) had adequate lab reagents and adequate lab equipment, respectively.
TextSentencer_T157 24366-24487 Sentence denotes Only 20% (12/61) of the health facilities had adequate staff according to national minimum staffi ng levels ( Figure 4 ).
TextSentencer_T157 24366-24487 Sentence denotes Only 20% (12/61) of the health facilities had adequate staff according to national minimum staffi ng levels ( Figure 4 ).
TextSentencer_T158 24488-24744 Sentence denotes Th ere was national capacity to confi rm priority conditions, namely malaria, Human Immunodefi ciency Virus (HIV), tuberculosis (TB), polio, measles, infl uenza, cholera, Ebola, Marburg, meningococcal meningitis, trypano somiasis, plague, and yellow fever.
TextSentencer_T158 24488-24744 Sentence denotes Th ere was national capacity to confi rm priority conditions, namely malaria, Human Immunodefi ciency Virus (HIV), tuberculosis (TB), polio, measles, infl uenza, cholera, Ebola, Marburg, meningococcal meningitis, trypano somiasis, plague, and yellow fever.
TextSentencer_T159 24745-24849 Sentence denotes In addition, there was a government analytical laboratory with capacity to investigate chemical hazards.
TextSentencer_T159 24745-24849 Sentence denotes In addition, there was a government analytical laboratory with capacity to investigate chemical hazards.
TextSentencer_T160 24850-24937 Sentence denotes However, the country lacked laboratory capacity for investigating radio-nuclear events.
TextSentencer_T160 24850-24937 Sentence denotes However, the country lacked laboratory capacity for investigating radio-nuclear events.
TextSentencer_T161 24938-25144 Sentence denotes Th ere was a national laboratory network that functioned through exchange of specimens, data/results, provision of reagents, conducting support supervision and conducting external quality assessments (EQA).
TextSentencer_T161 24938-25144 Sentence denotes Th ere was a national laboratory network that functioned through exchange of specimens, data/results, provision of reagents, conducting support supervision and conducting external quality assessments (EQA).
TextSentencer_T162 25145-25277 Sentence denotes Th e list of designated national reference laboratories was available at the national level and had been disseminated to all levels.
TextSentencer_T162 25145-25277 Sentence denotes Th e list of designated national reference laboratories was available at the national level and had been disseminated to all levels.
TextSentencer_T163 25278-25619 Sentence denotes Th e list of international collaborating labora tories for investigating infectious and zoonotic events was available and included the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) in Atlanta, Georgia (USA), the National Institute of Communicable Diseases (NICD) in South Africa, and the Kenya Medical Research Institute (KEMRI) in Kenya.
TextSentencer_T163 25278-25619 Sentence denotes Th e list of international collaborating labora tories for investigating infectious and zoonotic events was available and included the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) in Atlanta, Georgia (USA), the National Institute of Communicable Diseases (NICD) in South Africa, and the Kenya Medical Research Institute (KEMRI) in Kenya.
TextSentencer_T164 25620-25731 Sentence denotes However, the list of inter national reference laboratories for radio-nuclear investi gations was not available.
TextSentencer_T164 25620-25731 Sentence denotes However, the list of inter national reference laboratories for radio-nuclear investi gations was not available.
TextSentencer_T165 25732-25835 Sentence denotes Th ere were multiple program-based systems for collecting and transporting specimens to the laboratory.
TextSentencer_T165 25732-25835 Sentence denotes Th ere were multiple program-based systems for collecting and transporting specimens to the laboratory.
TextSentencer_T166 25836-26119 Sentence denotes Th ese included the expanded program on immunisation (EPI) system for measles and polio specimens; the infl uenza sentinel surveillance specimen referral to the National Infl uenza Centre (NIC); and the postal bus system for sending dry blood spots for early infant diagnosis of HIV.
TextSentencer_T166 25836-26119 Sentence denotes Th ese included the expanded program on immunisation (EPI) system for measles and polio specimens; the infl uenza sentinel surveillance specimen referral to the National Infl uenza Centre (NIC); and the postal bus system for sending dry blood spots for early infant diagnosis of HIV.
TextSentencer_T167 26120-26249 Sentence denotes In that regard, 85% (11/13) of districts and 29% (19/65) of health facilities reported having emergency specimen collection kits.
TextSentencer_T167 26120-26249 Sentence denotes In that regard, 85% (11/13) of districts and 29% (19/65) of health facilities reported having emergency specimen collection kits.
TextSentencer_T168 26250-26303 Sentence denotes However, only 46% (6/13) of the districts 16% (13/80)
TextSentencer_T168 26250-26303 Sentence denotes However, only 46% (6/13) of the districts 16% (13/80)
TextSentencer_T169 26305-26481 Sentence denotes Percentage and 15% (10/65) of health facilities had transport media while 69% (9/13) of districts and 43% (28/65) of the health facilities had specimen transport carrier boxes.
TextSentencer_T169 26305-26481 Sentence denotes Percentage and 15% (10/65) of health facilities had transport media while 69% (9/13) of districts and 43% (28/65) of the health facilities had specimen transport carrier boxes.
TextSentencer_T170 26482-26634 Sentence denotes International air courier services were operating in the country with memoranda of understanding and export permits signed to ship biological specimens.
TextSentencer_T170 26482-26634 Sentence denotes International air courier services were operating in the country with memoranda of understanding and export permits signed to ship biological specimens.
TextSentencer_T171 26635-26886 Sentence denotes Th e triple packaging materials were available at the national level and at least three staff working with the national reference laboratories were certifi ed by International Air Transport Association (IATA) for safe shipment of biological specimens.
TextSentencer_T171 26635-26886 Sentence denotes Th e triple packaging materials were available at the national level and at least three staff working with the national reference laboratories were certifi ed by International Air Transport Association (IATA) for safe shipment of biological specimens.
TextSentencer_T172 26887-27036 Sentence denotes Th ere were, however, no national guide lines to streamline the referral of biological samples to reference international collaborating laboratories.
TextSentencer_T172 26887-27036 Sentence denotes Th ere were, however, no national guide lines to streamline the referral of biological samples to reference international collaborating laboratories.
TextSentencer_T173 27037-27185 Sentence denotes Despite the absence of a national laboratory biosafety committee, the corresponding guidelines had been developed and disseminated to the districts.
TextSentencer_T173 27037-27185 Sentence denotes Despite the absence of a national laboratory biosafety committee, the corresponding guidelines had been developed and disseminated to the districts.
TextSentencer_T174 27186-27337 Sentence denotes Th e majority of the districts (62%, or 8/13) and a few of the health facilities (22%, or 14/65) reported having copies of the national biosafety SOPs.
TextSentencer_T174 27186-27337 Sentence denotes Th e majority of the districts (62%, or 8/13) and a few of the health facilities (22%, or 14/65) reported having copies of the national biosafety SOPs.
TextSentencer_T175 27338-27487 Sentence denotes Th e country had one highcontainment biosafety level (BSL) 3 laboratory and one BSL2+ laboratory, both in the Uganda Virus Research Institute (UVRI).
TextSentencer_T175 27338-27487 Sentence denotes Th e country had one highcontainment biosafety level (BSL) 3 laboratory and one BSL2+ laboratory, both in the Uganda Virus Research Institute (UVRI).
TextSentencer_T176 27488-27686 Sentence denotes Despite the absence of a national laboratory accreditation system, there were four internationally accredited WHO reference laboratories for investigating polio, infl uenza, plague and tuberculosis.
TextSentencer_T176 27488-27686 Sentence denotes Despite the absence of a national laboratory accreditation system, there were four internationally accredited WHO reference laboratories for investigating polio, infl uenza, plague and tuberculosis.
TextSentencer_T177 27687-27797 Sentence denotes National External Quality Assur ance (EQA) schemes using panel testing for HIV, TB and malaria were available.
TextSentencer_T177 27687-27797 Sentence denotes National External Quality Assur ance (EQA) schemes using panel testing for HIV, TB and malaria were available.
TextSentencer_T178 27798-27971 Sentence denotes Most of the districts (85%, or 11/13) and about half (49%, or 32/65) of the health facilities reported having a laboratory participating in at least one national EQA scheme.
TextSentencer_T178 27798-27971 Sentence denotes Most of the districts (85%, or 11/13) and about half (49%, or 32/65) of the health facilities reported having a laboratory participating in at least one national EQA scheme.
TextSentencer_T179 27972-28067 Sentence denotes Similarly, the national reference laboratories were participating in international EQA schemes.
TextSentencer_T179 27972-28067 Sentence denotes Similarly, the national reference laboratories were participating in international EQA schemes.
TextSentencer_T180 28068-28169 Sentence denotes Standardised tools for collecting and reporting laboratory data were available at the national level.
TextSentencer_T180 28068-28169 Sentence denotes Standardised tools for collecting and reporting laboratory data were available at the national level.
TextSentencer_T181 28170-28284 Sentence denotes Most of the districts (85%, or 11/13) and 52% (34/65) of the health facilities had the laboratory reporting forms.
TextSentencer_T181 28170-28284 Sentence denotes Most of the districts (85%, or 11/13) and 52% (34/65) of the health facilities had the laboratory reporting forms.
TextSentencer_T182 28285-28452 Sentence denotes However, since there was no system for relaying the reports from the district to the national level, the reporting was largely inconsistent, incomplete and not timely.
TextSentencer_T182 28285-28452 Sentence denotes However, since there was no system for relaying the reports from the district to the national level, the reporting was largely inconsistent, incomplete and not timely.
TextSentencer_T183 28453-28554 Sentence denotes An electronic database existed at the national level and was used for storing and analysing the data.
TextSentencer_T183 28453-28554 Sentence denotes An electronic database existed at the national level and was used for storing and analysing the data.
TextSentencer_T184 28555-28742 Sentence denotes Th e national laboratory services unit reported participating fully in responding to public health emergencies as a member of the National Task Force, national RRT and the IDSR committee.
TextSentencer_T184 28555-28742 Sentence denotes Th e national laboratory services unit reported participating fully in responding to public health emergencies as a member of the National Task Force, national RRT and the IDSR committee.
TextSentencer_T185 28743-28867 Sentence denotes Th e country had one international airport (Entebbe), one international port (Port Bell) and several ground crossing points.
TextSentencer_T185 28743-28867 Sentence denotes Th e country had one international airport (Entebbe), one international port (Port Bell) and several ground crossing points.
TextSentencer_T186 28868-28982 Sentence denotes Uganda had not designated any PoE for the implementation of the IHR(2005) by the time we conducted the assessment.
TextSentencer_T186 28868-28982 Sentence denotes Uganda had not designated any PoE for the implementation of the IHR(2005) by the time we conducted the assessment.
TextSentencer_T187 28983-29343 Sentence denotes Th ere were no provisions for the application of the following IHR documents at all the points of entry: the International Certifi cate of Vaccination or prophylaxis; the pertinent health section of the Aircraft General Declaration; the Ship Sanitation Control Certifi cate/Ship Sanitation Control Exemption Certifi cate; or the maritime declaration of health.
TextSentencer_T187 28983-29343 Sentence denotes Th ere were no provisions for the application of the following IHR documents at all the points of entry: the International Certifi cate of Vaccination or prophylaxis; the pertinent health section of the Aircraft General Declaration; the Ship Sanitation Control Certifi cate/Ship Sanitation Control Exemption Certifi cate; or the maritime declaration of health.
TextSentencer_T188 29344-29479 Sentence denotes Public health emergency contingency response plans were lacking at all the PoE since there were no permanent public health authorities.
TextSentencer_T188 29344-29479 Sentence denotes Public health emergency contingency response plans were lacking at all the PoE since there were no permanent public health authorities.
TextSentencer_T189 29480-29687 Sentence denotes Th e IHR(2005) mandates each country to fully comply with the obligations therein, but it does not require countries to adopt or revise domestic legislation, provided that they comply with their obligations.
TextSentencer_T189 29480-29687 Sentence denotes Th e IHR(2005) mandates each country to fully comply with the obligations therein, but it does not require countries to adopt or revise domestic legislation, provided that they comply with their obligations.
TextSentencer_T190 29688-29829 Sentence denotes Th at notwithstanding, an adequate legal framework to support and enable all the varied IHR(2005) activities is needed in each country [11] .
TextSentencer_T190 29688-29829 Sentence denotes Th at notwithstanding, an adequate legal framework to support and enable all the varied IHR(2005) activities is needed in each country [11] .
TextSentencer_T191 29830-29986 Sentence denotes Th e revision of national legislation or other instruments should therefore be considered to facilitate full and effi cient implementation of the IHR(2005).
TextSentencer_T191 29830-29986 Sentence denotes Th e revision of national legislation or other instruments should therefore be considered to facilitate full and effi cient implementation of the IHR(2005).
TextSentencer_T192 29987-30109 Sentence denotes In this regard, Uganda undertook a process of identifying the relevant national legislation for IHR (2005) implementation.
TextSentencer_T192 29987-30109 Sentence denotes In this regard, Uganda undertook a process of identifying the relevant national legislation for IHR (2005) implementation.
TextSentencer_T193 30110-30370 Sentence denotes In response to the legal challenges posed in responding to the SARS outbreak in 2003 and the IHR(2005) requirements, countries like Hong Kong revised their infectious disease legislation to facilitate response to public health threats in a timely manner [12] .
TextSentencer_T193 30110-30370 Sentence denotes In response to the legal challenges posed in responding to the SARS outbreak in 2003 and the IHR(2005) requirements, countries like Hong Kong revised their infectious disease legislation to facilitate response to public health threats in a timely manner [12] .
TextSentencer_T194 30371-30434 Sentence denotes Niger also amended national legislation to include IHR (2005) .
TextSentencer_T194 30371-30434 Sentence denotes Niger also amended national legislation to include IHR (2005) .
TextSentencer_T195 30435-30563 Sentence denotes Th e national legislation in Uganda should be reviewed to facilitate the attainment of the IHR(2005) core capacity requirements.
TextSentencer_T195 30435-30563 Sentence denotes Th e national legislation in Uganda should be reviewed to facilitate the attainment of the IHR(2005) core capacity requirements.
TextSentencer_T196 30564-30702 Sentence denotes Th e presence of a national framework for disaster manage ment is critical for the prevention and management of public health emergencies.
TextSentencer_T196 30564-30702 Sentence denotes Th e presence of a national framework for disaster manage ment is critical for the prevention and management of public health emergencies.
TextSentencer_T197 30703-30956 Sentence denotes Th e assessment revealed that this framework existed with the Offi ce of the Prime Minister, which had the national mandate for managing disasters, including public health emergencies, in collaboration with the sector-and district-based emergency teams.
TextSentencer_T197 30703-30956 Sentence denotes Th e assessment revealed that this framework existed with the Offi ce of the Prime Minister, which had the national mandate for managing disasters, including public health emergencies, in collaboration with the sector-and district-based emergency teams.
TextSentencer_T198 30957-31129 Sentence denotes However, there is need for a disaster management policy and strategic plan that addresses the IHR(2005) multi-hazards approach for managing public health risks and hazards.
TextSentencer_T198 30957-31129 Sentence denotes However, there is need for a disaster management policy and strategic plan that addresses the IHR(2005) multi-hazards approach for managing public health risks and hazards.
TextSentencer_T199 31130-31249 Sentence denotes Article 4 of the IHR(2005) mandates countries to designate IHR NFPs for coordination of IHR (2005) implementation [5] .
TextSentencer_T199 31130-31249 Sentence denotes Article 4 of the IHR(2005) mandates countries to designate IHR NFPs for coordination of IHR (2005) implementation [5] .
TextSentencer_T200 31250-31344 Sentence denotes Uganda had designated the National Surveillance Unit in the Ministry of Health as the IHR NFP.
TextSentencer_T200 31250-31344 Sentence denotes Uganda had designated the National Surveillance Unit in the Ministry of Health as the IHR NFP.
TextSentencer_T201 31345-31511 Sentence denotes Th e scope of activities and operational communication by the IHR NFP was suboptimal, limited to the IDSR strategy for communicable disease control, and excluded PoE.
TextSentencer_T201 31345-31511 Sentence denotes Th e scope of activities and operational communication by the IHR NFP was suboptimal, limited to the IDSR strategy for communicable disease control, and excluded PoE.
TextSentencer_T202 31512-31782 Sentence denotes Since partnerships and intersectoral collaboration are essential to IHR(2005) implementation, IHR focal point offi ces in all the relevant sectors need to be designated to facilitate the establishment of core capacities in line with the IHR(2005) multi-hazards approach.
TextSentencer_T202 31512-31782 Sentence denotes Since partnerships and intersectoral collaboration are essential to IHR(2005) implementation, IHR focal point offi ces in all the relevant sectors need to be designated to facilitate the establishment of core capacities in line with the IHR(2005) multi-hazards approach.
TextSentencer_T203 31783-32081 Sentence denotes Additionally, advocacy for the IHR(2005) needs to be prioritized in the country to ensure that all the relevant stakeholders are aware of their obligations and for the mobilisation of the resources required to conduct assessments and to establish and maintain the core capacities for the IHR(2005).
TextSentencer_T203 31783-32081 Sentence denotes Additionally, advocacy for the IHR(2005) needs to be prioritized in the country to ensure that all the relevant stakeholders are aware of their obligations and for the mobilisation of the resources required to conduct assessments and to establish and maintain the core capacities for the IHR(2005).
TextSentencer_T204 32082-32230 Sentence denotes Article 5 of the IHR(2005) mandates countries to develop and maintain the capacities to detect, assess, notify and report public health events [5] .
TextSentencer_T204 32082-32230 Sentence denotes Article 5 of the IHR(2005) mandates countries to develop and maintain the capacities to detect, assess, notify and report public health events [5] .
TextSentencer_T205 32231-32366 Sentence denotes In Uganda, the IDSR strategy off ers a good framework for launching the IHR(2005) implementation given the promising reporting indices.
TextSentencer_T205 32231-32366 Sentence denotes In Uganda, the IDSR strategy off ers a good framework for launching the IHR(2005) implementation given the promising reporting indices.
TextSentencer_T206 32367-32550 Sentence denotes However, the priority diseases list, surveillance guide lines, case defi nitions and reporting tools have to be updated to incorporate all the IHR(2005) priority diseases and hazards.
TextSentencer_T206 32367-32550 Sentence denotes However, the priority diseases list, surveillance guide lines, case defi nitions and reporting tools have to be updated to incorporate all the IHR(2005) priority diseases and hazards.
TextSentencer_T207 32551-32800 Sentence denotes Th e revised tools and guidelines should then be disseminated for use by all IHR stakeholders including districts and health facilities since the assessment revealed shortage of surveillance tools and guidelines, especially at the peripheral levels.
TextSentencer_T207 32551-32800 Sentence denotes Th e revised tools and guidelines should then be disseminated for use by all IHR stakeholders including districts and health facilities since the assessment revealed shortage of surveillance tools and guidelines, especially at the peripheral levels.
TextSentencer_T208 32801-32926 Sentence denotes Crossborder surveillance activities were reactive and only undertaken when there was an ongoing public health risk or hazard.
TextSentencer_T208 32801-32926 Sentence denotes Crossborder surveillance activities were reactive and only undertaken when there was an ongoing public health risk or hazard.
TextSentencer_T209 32927-33048 Sentence denotes Designation of points of entry for routine implementation of cross-border surveillance activities needs to be undertaken.
TextSentencer_T209 32927-33048 Sentence denotes Designation of points of entry for routine implementation of cross-border surveillance activities needs to be undertaken.
TextSentencer_T210 33049-33182 Sentence denotes Article 44 of the IHR(2005) provides for collaboration between countries in developing and maintaining public health capacities [5] .
TextSentencer_T210 33049-33182 Sentence denotes Article 44 of the IHR(2005) provides for collaboration between countries in developing and maintaining public health capacities [5] .
TextSentencer_T211 33183-33380 Sentence denotes In light of this, the East African Community (EAC) Secretariat initiatives on pandemic infl uenza prepared ness and response should be exploited to strengthen the IHR(2005) core capacities as well.
TextSentencer_T211 33183-33380 Sentence denotes In light of this, the East African Community (EAC) Secretariat initiatives on pandemic infl uenza prepared ness and response should be exploited to strengthen the IHR(2005) core capacities as well.
TextSentencer_T212 33381-33638 Sentence denotes Article 13 of the IHR(2005) mandates countries to develop, strengthen and maintain the capacity to respond promptly and eff ectively to public health risks and public health emergencies of international concern as set out in Annex 1 of the regulations [5] .
TextSentencer_T212 33381-33638 Sentence denotes Article 13 of the IHR(2005) mandates countries to develop, strengthen and maintain the capacity to respond promptly and eff ectively to public health risks and public health emergencies of international concern as set out in Annex 1 of the regulations [5] .
TextSentencer_T213 33639-33815 Sentence denotes Following the numerous outbreaks of Ebola in 2000 [13] and 2007 [14] , Uganda has accumulated a wealth of experience and expertise for infectious and zoonotic disease response.
TextSentencer_T213 33639-33815 Sentence denotes Following the numerous outbreaks of Ebola in 2000 [13] and 2007 [14] , Uganda has accumulated a wealth of experience and expertise for infectious and zoonotic disease response.
TextSentencer_T214 33816-33991 Sentence denotes To this end, there were trained national and district rapid response teams as well as national clinical guidelines for managing infectious and zoonotic disease in the country.
TextSentencer_T214 33816-33991 Sentence denotes To this end, there were trained national and district rapid response teams as well as national clinical guidelines for managing infectious and zoonotic disease in the country.
TextSentencer_T215 33992-34168 Sentence denotes However, the membership of the rapid response teams and the content of the outbreak response guidelines needs to be updated to incorporate the IHR(2005) multi-hazards approach.
TextSentencer_T215 33992-34168 Sentence denotes However, the membership of the rapid response teams and the content of the outbreak response guidelines needs to be updated to incorporate the IHR(2005) multi-hazards approach.
TextSentencer_T216 34169-34295 Sentence denotes Preparedness planning is critical to ensuring that a successful response is mounted in the event of a public health emergency.
TextSentencer_T216 34169-34295 Sentence denotes Preparedness planning is critical to ensuring that a successful response is mounted in the event of a public health emergency.
TextSentencer_T217 34296-34464 Sentence denotes Uganda had a series of disease specifi c preparedness plans for responding to the recurrent outbreaks of cholera, meningitis, malaria, hepatitis E virus and infl uenza.
TextSentencer_T217 34296-34464 Sentence denotes Uganda had a series of disease specifi c preparedness plans for responding to the recurrent outbreaks of cholera, meningitis, malaria, hepatitis E virus and infl uenza.
TextSentencer_T218 34465-34622 Sentence denotes However, a comprehensive national plan incorporating the IHR(2005) all-hazards approach has to be developed and replicated at district and peripheral levels.
TextSentencer_T218 34465-34622 Sentence denotes However, a comprehensive national plan incorporating the IHR(2005) all-hazards approach has to be developed and replicated at district and peripheral levels.
TextSentencer_T219 34623-34774 Sentence denotes Th is should go along with building adequate human resources surge capacity and stockpiles of supplies for emergency response to the IHR(2005) hazards.
TextSentencer_T219 34623-34774 Sentence denotes Th is should go along with building adequate human resources surge capacity and stockpiles of supplies for emergency response to the IHR(2005) hazards.
TextSentencer_T220 34775-34940 Sentence denotes Annex 1 of the IHR(2005) requires that countries establish capacities for conducting a comprehensive health risk assessment in response to public health events [5] .
TextSentencer_T220 34775-34940 Sentence denotes Annex 1 of the IHR(2005) requires that countries establish capacities for conducting a comprehensive health risk assessment in response to public health events [5] .
TextSentencer_T221 34941-35021 Sentence denotes Laboratory investigations are central to a comprehensive health risk assessment.
TextSentencer_T221 34941-35021 Sentence denotes Laboratory investigations are central to a comprehensive health risk assessment.
TextSentencer_T222 35022-35144 Sentence denotes Uganda had a laboratory policy that was launched in 2009, and a corresponding laboratory strategic plan was being drafted.
TextSentencer_T222 35022-35144 Sentence denotes Uganda had a laboratory policy that was launched in 2009, and a corresponding laboratory strategic plan was being drafted.
TextSentencer_T223 35145-35404 Sentence denotes It is therefore crucial that the plan provides for the creation of a national biosafety committee, a materials/specimens transfer (referral) policy, a national laboratory accredi tation system, and improve the performance of the laboratory information system.
TextSentencer_T223 35145-35404 Sentence denotes It is therefore crucial that the plan provides for the creation of a national biosafety committee, a materials/specimens transfer (referral) policy, a national laboratory accredi tation system, and improve the performance of the laboratory information system.
TextSentencer_T224 35405-35611 Sentence denotes Correspondingly though, the national laboratory SOPs were available at the national level, however, critical shortages of labora tory SOPs, reagents, equipment and staffi ng were ob served in the districts.
TextSentencer_T224 35405-35611 Sentence denotes Correspondingly though, the national laboratory SOPs were available at the national level, however, critical shortages of labora tory SOPs, reagents, equipment and staffi ng were ob served in the districts.
TextSentencer_T225 35612-35793 Sentence denotes Th e shortages in laboratory reagents were mainly attributed to poor stock manage ment and hence the need to improve stock manage ment skills and eliminate supply chain bottlenecks.
TextSentencer_T225 35612-35793 Sentence denotes Th e shortages in laboratory reagents were mainly attributed to poor stock manage ment and hence the need to improve stock manage ment skills and eliminate supply chain bottlenecks.
TextSentencer_T226 35794-35928 Sentence denotes Th e capacities for laboratory investigation of the IHR priority hazards were available except for smallpox and radio-nuclear hazards.
TextSentencer_T226 35794-35928 Sentence denotes Th e capacities for laboratory investigation of the IHR priority hazards were available except for smallpox and radio-nuclear hazards.
TextSentencer_T227 35929-36128 Sentence denotes In the short term, these gaps could be addressed by identifying a list of international collaborating laboratories that can be readily contacted in the event of a hazard requiring their competencies.
TextSentencer_T227 35929-36128 Sentence denotes In the short term, these gaps could be addressed by identifying a list of international collaborating laboratories that can be readily contacted in the event of a hazard requiring their competencies.
TextSentencer_T228 36129-36261 Sentence denotes Several independent and program-based systems for trans porting polio, measles, infl uenza and HIV specimens existed in the country.
TextSentencer_T228 36129-36261 Sentence denotes Several independent and program-based systems for trans porting polio, measles, infl uenza and HIV specimens existed in the country.
TextSentencer_T229 36262-36551 Sentence denotes Th e challenge however, is the need to develop an integrated and cost eff ective national system to ease the transport of all specimens from the peripheral level to the national level and ensure that the emergency specimen collection kits are available, especially at the peripheral level.
TextSentencer_T229 36262-36551 Sentence denotes Th e challenge however, is the need to develop an integrated and cost eff ective national system to ease the transport of all specimens from the peripheral level to the national level and ensure that the emergency specimen collection kits are available, especially at the peripheral level.
TextSentencer_T230 36552-36670 Sentence denotes National guidelines for material transfer agreements are required to streamline shipping specimens out of the country.
TextSentencer_T230 36552-36670 Sentence denotes National guidelines for material transfer agreements are required to streamline shipping specimens out of the country.
TextSentencer_T231 36671-36790 Sentence denotes Th e IHR(2005) requires countries to identify and designate PoE for the implementation of measures under Annex 1b [5] .
TextSentencer_T231 36671-36790 Sentence denotes Th e IHR(2005) requires countries to identify and designate PoE for the implementation of measures under Annex 1b [5] .
TextSentencer_T232 36791-36882 Sentence denotes Th e measures are critical for preventing and controlling international spread of diseases.
TextSentencer_T232 36791-36882 Sentence denotes Th e measures are critical for preventing and controlling international spread of diseases.
TextSentencer_T233 36883-37048 Sentence denotes It is there fore imperative that Uganda designates PoE for the implementation of the IHR(2005) core capacity requirements and builds their capacity for this purpose.
TextSentencer_T233 36883-37048 Sentence denotes It is there fore imperative that Uganda designates PoE for the implementation of the IHR(2005) core capacity requirements and builds their capacity for this purpose.
TextSentencer_T234 37049-37131 Sentence denotes Th e assessment highlighted critical gaps to guide the IHR(2005) planning process.
TextSentencer_T234 37049-37131 Sentence denotes Th e assessment highlighted critical gaps to guide the IHR(2005) planning process.
TextSentencer_T235 37132-37258 Sentence denotes Th e IHR(2005) action plan should therefore be developed to foster improved national and international public health security.
TextSentencer_T235 37132-37258 Sentence denotes Th e IHR(2005) action plan should therefore be developed to foster improved national and international public health security.
TextSentencer_T236 37259-37440 Sentence denotes Th is should incorporate the above proposed solutions to the gaps identifi ed with special attention to the recommendations below that are key for smooth implementation of the plan.
TextSentencer_T236 37259-37440 Sentence denotes Th is should incorporate the above proposed solutions to the gaps identifi ed with special attention to the recommendations below that are key for smooth implementation of the plan.
TextSentencer_T237 37441-37571 Sentence denotes A multisectoral taskforce should be constituted to oversee the amendment of the national laws that are relevant for the IHR(2005).
TextSentencer_T237 37441-37571 Sentence denotes A multisectoral taskforce should be constituted to oversee the amendment of the national laws that are relevant for the IHR(2005).
TextSentencer_T238 37572-37730 Sentence denotes Focal point offi ces for the IHR should be designated to in all the sectors relevant to the IHR(2005) to facilitate effi cient communication with the IHR NFP.
TextSentencer_T238 37572-37730 Sentence denotes Focal point offi ces for the IHR should be designated to in all the sectors relevant to the IHR(2005) to facilitate effi cient communication with the IHR NFP.
TextSentencer_T239 37731-37881 Sentence denotes Th e national priority diseases list, surveillance guidelines, case defi nitions and reporting tools should be updated to incorporate the IHR (2005) .
TextSentencer_T239 37731-37881 Sentence denotes Th e national priority diseases list, surveillance guidelines, case defi nitions and reporting tools should be updated to incorporate the IHR (2005) .
TextSentencer_T240 37882-38064 Sentence denotes Th e roster of experts for the national rapid response team and the content of the outbreak response and risk communication guidelines should be updated to incorporate the IHR(2005).
TextSentencer_T240 37882-38064 Sentence denotes Th e roster of experts for the national rapid response team and the content of the outbreak response and risk communication guidelines should be updated to incorporate the IHR(2005).
TextSentencer_T241 38065-38146 Sentence denotes A national preparedness plan that incorporates the IHR(2005) should be developed.
TextSentencer_T241 38065-38146 Sentence denotes A national preparedness plan that incorporates the IHR(2005) should be developed.
TextSentencer_T242 38147-38512 Sentence denotes Th e national strategic plan for laboratory services that is being drafted should address the critical gaps identifi ed, including the establish ment of a national laboratory accreditation system; the establishment of a national biosafety committee; and the development of guidelines and a national system for specimen referral, both within and outside the country.
TextSentencer_T242 38147-38512 Sentence denotes Th e national strategic plan for laboratory services that is being drafted should address the critical gaps identifi ed, including the establish ment of a national laboratory accreditation system; the establishment of a national biosafety committee; and the development of guidelines and a national system for specimen referral, both within and outside the country.
TextSentencer_T243 38513-38589 Sentence denotes Th e PoE for IHR(2005) implemen tation should be identifi ed and designated.
TextSentencer_T243 38513-38589 Sentence denotes Th e PoE for IHR(2005) implemen tation should be identifi ed and designated.