CORD-19-Sentences  

CORD-19:1f7f3e09db31be0bc73e921a1034ec9de0d52ebe JSONTXT 8 Projects

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Id Subject Object Predicate Lexical cue
TextSentencer_T1 0-97 Sentence denotes MINIATURIZATION FOR POINT-OF-CARE ANALYSIS: PLATFORM TECHNOLOGY FOR ALMOST EVERY BIOMEDICAL ASSAY
TextSentencer_T1 0-97 Sentence denotes MINIATURIZATION FOR POINT-OF-CARE ANALYSIS: PLATFORM TECHNOLOGY FOR ALMOST EVERY BIOMEDICAL ASSAY
TextSentencer_T2 99-107 Sentence denotes Abstract
TextSentencer_T2 99-107 Sentence denotes Abstract
TextSentencer_T3 108-227 Sentence denotes Platform technologies for the changing need of diagnostics are one of the main challenges in medical device technology.
TextSentencer_T3 108-227 Sentence denotes Platform technologies for the changing need of diagnostics are one of the main challenges in medical device technology.
TextSentencer_T4 228-390 Sentence denotes From one point-of-view the demand for new and more versatile diagnostic is increasing due to a deeper knowledge of biomarkers and their combination with diseases.
TextSentencer_T4 228-390 Sentence denotes From one point-of-view the demand for new and more versatile diagnostic is increasing due to a deeper knowledge of biomarkers and their combination with diseases.
TextSentencer_T5 391-537 Sentence denotes From another point-of-view a decentralization of diagnostics will occur since decisions can be made faster resulting in higher success of therapy.
TextSentencer_T5 391-537 Sentence denotes From another point-of-view a decentralization of diagnostics will occur since decisions can be made faster resulting in higher success of therapy.
TextSentencer_T6 538-655 Sentence denotes Hence, new types of technologies have to be established which enables a multiparameter analysis at the point-of-care.
TextSentencer_T6 538-655 Sentence denotes Hence, new types of technologies have to be established which enables a multiparameter analysis at the point-of-care.
TextSentencer_T7 656-742 Sentence denotes Within this review-like article a system called Fraunhofer ivD-platform is introduced.
TextSentencer_T7 656-742 Sentence denotes Within this review-like article a system called Fraunhofer ivD-platform is introduced.
TextSentencer_T8 743-863 Sentence denotes It consists of a credit-card sized cartridge with integrated reagents, sensors and pumps and a read-out/processing unit.
TextSentencer_T8 743-863 Sentence denotes It consists of a credit-card sized cartridge with integrated reagents, sensors and pumps and a read-out/processing unit.
TextSentencer_T9 864-937 Sentence denotes Within the cartridge the assay runs fully automated within 15-20 minutes.
TextSentencer_T9 864-937 Sentence denotes Within the cartridge the assay runs fully automated within 15-20 minutes.
TextSentencer_T10 938-1057 Sentence denotes Due to the open design of the platform different analyses such as antibody, serological or DNA-assays can be performed.
TextSentencer_T10 938-1057 Sentence denotes Due to the open design of the platform different analyses such as antibody, serological or DNA-assays can be performed.
TextSentencer_T11 1058-1169 Sentence denotes Specific examples of these three different assay types are given to show the broad applicability of the system.
TextSentencer_T11 1058-1169 Sentence denotes Specific examples of these three different assay types are given to show the broad applicability of the system.
TextSentencer_T12 1171-1283 Sentence denotes Different trends in modern medicine give rise to a changing understanding of how treatment of diseases can work.
TextSentencer_T12 1171-1283 Sentence denotes Different trends in modern medicine give rise to a changing understanding of how treatment of diseases can work.
TextSentencer_T13 1284-1365 Sentence denotes One of the catch phrases involved in this change is "personalized medicine" (1) .
TextSentencer_T13 1284-1365 Sentence denotes One of the catch phrases involved in this change is "personalized medicine" (1) .
TextSentencer_T14 1366-1652 Sentence denotes In this context, findings by the human genome or proteome project help to understand how diseases originate and how the interaction of pharmaceuticals with the human body in general -specifically the interaction of pharmaceuticals for example with receptors of cancer cells -works (2) .
TextSentencer_T14 1366-1652 Sentence denotes In this context, findings by the human genome or proteome project help to understand how diseases originate and how the interaction of pharmaceuticals with the human body in general -specifically the interaction of pharmaceuticals for example with receptors of cancer cells -works (2) .
TextSentencer_T15 1653-1705 Sentence denotes From this point of view also diagnostic is changing.
TextSentencer_T15 1653-1705 Sentence denotes From this point of view also diagnostic is changing.
TextSentencer_T16 1706-1886 Sentence denotes Whereas in the last decades diagnostic was mainly used for diagnosing already diseased people, diagnostic changes from this acute to a more predictive and pre-symptomatic analysis.
TextSentencer_T16 1706-1886 Sentence denotes Whereas in the last decades diagnostic was mainly used for diagnosing already diseased people, diagnostic changes from this acute to a more predictive and pre-symptomatic analysis.
TextSentencer_T17 1887-2033 Sentence denotes Moreover, defining personalized medicine strictly; diagnostic is also used for the verification of treatment and in a later stage for its control.
TextSentencer_T17 1887-2033 Sentence denotes Moreover, defining personalized medicine strictly; diagnostic is also used for the verification of treatment and in a later stage for its control.
TextSentencer_T18 2034-2150 Sentence denotes In this regard, also the complexity of diagnostic will change since more biomarker and analytical targets are known.
TextSentencer_T18 2034-2150 Sentence denotes In this regard, also the complexity of diagnostic will change since more biomarker and analytical targets are known.
TextSentencer_T19 2151-2277 Sentence denotes Just by using a multiply of different markers a defined diagnostics and a subsequent therapeutic action can be performed (3) .
TextSentencer_T19 2151-2277 Sentence denotes Just by using a multiply of different markers a defined diagnostics and a subsequent therapeutic action can be performed (3) .
TextSentencer_T20 2278-2561 Sentence denotes Hence, diagnostic is changing dramatically because it has to (i) be more versatile since more parameters have to be determined, (ii) be more frequently available, e.g. for a near-term therapy control (iii) move back to the patient and (iv) be miniaturized for "patient-friendly" use.
TextSentencer_T20 2278-2561 Sentence denotes Hence, diagnostic is changing dramatically because it has to (i) be more versatile since more parameters have to be determined, (ii) be more frequently available, e.g. for a near-term therapy control (iii) move back to the patient and (iv) be miniaturized for "patient-friendly" use.
TextSentencer_T21 2562-2699 Sentence denotes Whereas personalized medicine is more or less a trend in developed countries, these demands can also be derived for developing countries.
TextSentencer_T21 2562-2699 Sentence denotes Whereas personalized medicine is more or less a trend in developed countries, these demands can also be derived for developing countries.
TextSentencer_T22 2700-2884 Sentence denotes Here, from a global world health perspective the impact of diagnostic is increasing also to implement a better and more targeted medication which will enhance therapeutic success (4) .
TextSentencer_T22 2700-2884 Sentence denotes Here, from a global world health perspective the impact of diagnostic is increasing also to implement a better and more targeted medication which will enhance therapeutic success (4) .
TextSentencer_T23 2885-3000 Sentence denotes Derived from these demands for developed and developing countries, there is a need for new diagnostic technologies.
TextSentencer_T23 2885-3000 Sentence denotes Derived from these demands for developed and developing countries, there is a need for new diagnostic technologies.
TextSentencer_T24 3001-3162 Sentence denotes In this regard, there have been a huge number of concepts named for example lab-on-a-chip or lab-in-a-pocket and many groups are still working on new principles.
TextSentencer_T24 3001-3162 Sentence denotes In this regard, there have been a huge number of concepts named for example lab-on-a-chip or lab-in-a-pocket and many groups are still working on new principles.
TextSentencer_T25 3163-3263 Sentence denotes Notwithstanding the increasing demand of these systems, there are just a few already commercialized.
TextSentencer_T25 3163-3263 Sentence denotes Notwithstanding the increasing demand of these systems, there are just a few already commercialized.
TextSentencer_T26 3264-3348 Sentence denotes By analyzing the factors the different demands two different aspects could be found.
TextSentencer_T26 3264-3348 Sentence denotes By analyzing the factors the different demands two different aspects could be found.
TextSentencer_T27 3349-3466 Sentence denotes Firstly, most lab-on-achip system still needs a huge and elaborated variety of secondary instruments (such as pumps).
TextSentencer_T27 3349-3466 Sentence denotes Firstly, most lab-on-achip system still needs a huge and elaborated variety of secondary instruments (such as pumps).
TextSentencer_T28 3467-3532 Sentence denotes Secondly, serial production is in most cases not easy to achieve.
TextSentencer_T28 3467-3532 Sentence denotes Secondly, serial production is in most cases not easy to achieve.
TextSentencer_T29 3533-3855 Sentence denotes Within a joint-project of seven Fraunhofer institutes called Fraunhofer ivD-platform a lab-on-chip system was developed which opens up the possibility to transfer almost every wanted biomedical assay, which offers a high degree of integration and which is able to be produced by means of a serial and automated production.
TextSentencer_T29 3533-3855 Sentence denotes Within a joint-project of seven Fraunhofer institutes called Fraunhofer ivD-platform a lab-on-chip system was developed which opens up the possibility to transfer almost every wanted biomedical assay, which offers a high degree of integration and which is able to be produced by means of a serial and automated production.
TextSentencer_T30 3856-3960 Sentence denotes The Fraunhofer ivD-platform can be described as a lab-on-chip system which consists mainly of two parts:
TextSentencer_T30 3856-3960 Sentence denotes The Fraunhofer ivD-platform can be described as a lab-on-chip system which consists mainly of two parts:
TextSentencer_T31 3961-4027 Sentence denotes A credit-card sized cartridge and a read-out/processing unit (5) .
TextSentencer_T31 3961-4027 Sentence denotes A credit-card sized cartridge and a read-out/processing unit (5) .
TextSentencer_T32 4028-4103 Sentence denotes The credit-card sized cartridge can be seen as the main part of the system.
TextSentencer_T32 4028-4103 Sentence denotes The credit-card sized cartridge can be seen as the main part of the system.
TextSentencer_T33 4104-4206 Sentence denotes Since integration was one of the design rules different functions were integrated onto the cartridges.
TextSentencer_T33 4104-4206 Sentence denotes Since integration was one of the design rules different functions were integrated onto the cartridges.
TextSentencer_T34 4207-4255 Sentence denotes So, for example, all pumps were integrated (6) .
TextSentencer_T34 4207-4255 Sentence denotes So, for example, all pumps were integrated (6) .
TextSentencer_T35 4256-4433 Sentence denotes Just by using an electrical current a membrane which is located below reagent reservoirs is deflected and pushes actively the reagents or the sample into the lab-on-chip device.
TextSentencer_T35 4256-4433 Sentence denotes Just by using an electrical current a membrane which is located below reagent reservoirs is deflected and pushes actively the reagents or the sample into the lab-on-chip device.
TextSentencer_T36 4434-4658 Sentence denotes The innovative pumping system enables a simplification of the whole system since no error-prone liquid interfaces are needed and additional pumps which are normally part of the readout/processing unit are not needed anymore.
TextSentencer_T36 4434-4658 Sentence denotes The innovative pumping system enables a simplification of the whole system since no error-prone liquid interfaces are needed and additional pumps which are normally part of the readout/processing unit are not needed anymore.
TextSentencer_T37 4659-4738 Sentence denotes Furthermore, as already described all reagents are stored within the cartridge.
TextSentencer_T37 4659-4738 Sentence denotes Furthermore, as already described all reagents are stored within the cartridge.
TextSentencer_T38 4739-4869 Sentence denotes Eight reservoirs with volumes of 75 µL and 150 µL can be used and "customized" with reagents and buffers for the particular assay.
TextSentencer_T38 4739-4869 Sentence denotes Eight reservoirs with volumes of 75 µL and 150 µL can be used and "customized" with reagents and buffers for the particular assay.
TextSentencer_T39 4870-5112 Sentence denotes In addition, one sample reservoir with a volume of 30 µL is part of the cartridge onto which a medical doctor, medically trained personnel or in a later stage the patients themselves have to apply for example blood taken from the finger pulp.
TextSentencer_T39 4870-5112 Sentence denotes In addition, one sample reservoir with a volume of 30 µL is part of the cartridge onto which a medical doctor, medically trained personnel or in a later stage the patients themselves have to apply for example blood taken from the finger pulp.
TextSentencer_T40 5113-5265 Sentence denotes After taking blood, the cartridge is inserted into the read-out/processing unit in which the assay is performed and results are automatically displayed.
TextSentencer_T40 5113-5265 Sentence denotes After taking blood, the cartridge is inserted into the read-out/processing unit in which the assay is performed and results are automatically displayed.
TextSentencer_T41 5266-5388 Sentence denotes A typical assay includes different steps starting from the dislocation of the sample from the reservoir to a sensor field.
TextSentencer_T41 5266-5388 Sentence denotes A typical assay includes different steps starting from the dislocation of the sample from the reservoir to a sensor field.
TextSentencer_T42 5389-5461 Sentence denotes Due to the modularity of the system different sensor types are possible.
TextSentencer_T42 5389-5461 Sentence denotes Due to the modularity of the system different sensor types are possible.
TextSentencer_T43 5462-5509 Sentence denotes Within the project two were already elaborated.
TextSentencer_T43 5462-5509 Sentence denotes Within the project two were already elaborated.
TextSentencer_T44 5510-5612 Sentence denotes One of them is an electrode array consisting of 16 different gold-electrodes based on a silicon wafer.
TextSentencer_T44 5510-5612 Sentence denotes One of them is an electrode array consisting of 16 different gold-electrodes based on a silicon wafer.
TextSentencer_T45 5613-5722 Sentence denotes In case of the electrode array capture molecules such as antibodies are immobilized onto the gold-electrodes.
TextSentencer_T45 5613-5722 Sentence denotes In case of the electrode array capture molecules such as antibodies are immobilized onto the gold-electrodes.
TextSentencer_T46 5723-5804 Sentence denotes For the detection, a secondary antibody labeled with a redox-enzyme is used (7) .
TextSentencer_T46 5723-5804 Sentence denotes For the detection, a secondary antibody labeled with a redox-enzyme is used (7) .
TextSentencer_T47 5805-5898 Sentence denotes Hence, signal generation is conducted via the interconversion of an electro-active substrate.
TextSentencer_T47 5805-5898 Sentence denotes Hence, signal generation is conducted via the interconversion of an electro-active substrate.
TextSentencer_T48 5899-6009 Sentence denotes In this way, sensitivity can be tuned by the measurement time and therefore trough the number of redox-cylces.
TextSentencer_T48 5899-6009 Sentence denotes In this way, sensitivity can be tuned by the measurement time and therefore trough the number of redox-cylces.
TextSentencer_T49 6010-6146 Sentence denotes The other sensor type is based on an optical transducer based on the principle of "total internal reflectance fluorescence" (TIRF) (8) .
TextSentencer_T49 6010-6146 Sentence denotes The other sensor type is based on an optical transducer based on the principle of "total internal reflectance fluorescence" (TIRF) (8) .
TextSentencer_T50 6147-6274 Sentence denotes In this case, capture molecules such as antibodies are immobilized onto a polymeric slide based on cyclic-olefin polymer (COP).
TextSentencer_T50 6147-6274 Sentence denotes In this case, capture molecules such as antibodies are immobilized onto a polymeric slide based on cyclic-olefin polymer (COP).
TextSentencer_T51 6275-6361 Sentence denotes The signal generation is made via a secondary antibody which is fluorescently labeled.
TextSentencer_T51 6275-6361 Sentence denotes The signal generation is made via a secondary antibody which is fluorescently labeled.
TextSentencer_T52 6362-6474 Sentence denotes The main advantage of the optical transducer is its versatility towards the number of parameters being analyzed.
TextSentencer_T52 6362-6474 Sentence denotes The main advantage of the optical transducer is its versatility towards the number of parameters being analyzed.
TextSentencer_T53 6475-6630 Sentence denotes In the specific case the number of parameters is dependent on the size of the recording window which is with 4 x 6.6 mm open for up to 500 different spots.
TextSentencer_T53 6475-6630 Sentence denotes In the specific case the number of parameters is dependent on the size of the recording window which is with 4 x 6.6 mm open for up to 500 different spots.
TextSentencer_T54 6631-6681 Sentence denotes This can be established via microarray technology.
TextSentencer_T54 6631-6681 Sentence denotes This can be established via microarray technology.
TextSentencer_T55 6682-6739 Sentence denotes The microarray technology is well-known since many years.
TextSentencer_T55 6682-6739 Sentence denotes The microarray technology is well-known since many years.
TextSentencer_T56 6740-6802 Sentence denotes The main advantages of this technique can be seen in two ways.
TextSentencer_T56 6740-6802 Sentence denotes The main advantages of this technique can be seen in two ways.
TextSentencer_T57 6803-6951 Sentence denotes The first one is the consumption of reagents such as capture molecules, washing buffers and labeled-agents such as fluorescently labeled antibodies.
TextSentencer_T57 6803-6951 Sentence denotes The first one is the consumption of reagents such as capture molecules, washing buffers and labeled-agents such as fluorescently labeled antibodies.
TextSentencer_T58 6952-7032 Sentence denotes The second one is the accelerated time for the analysis of different parameters.
TextSentencer_T58 6952-7032 Sentence denotes The second one is the accelerated time for the analysis of different parameters.
TextSentencer_T59 7033-7156 Sentence denotes Here, via the miniaturization a faster equilibrium adjustment can take place offering a faster turn-around-time of samples.
TextSentencer_T59 7033-7156 Sentence denotes Here, via the miniaturization a faster equilibrium adjustment can take place offering a faster turn-around-time of samples.
TextSentencer_T60 7157-7350 Sentence denotes Having this in mind and bringing it together with the new demands of diagnostic at the point-of-need microarrays have the potential for bringing multiparamter analysis to the patients' bedside.
TextSentencer_T60 7157-7350 Sentence denotes Having this in mind and bringing it together with the new demands of diagnostic at the point-of-need microarrays have the potential for bringing multiparamter analysis to the patients' bedside.
TextSentencer_T61 7351-7516 Sentence denotes Moreover, the principle of microarrays can be adapted to different types of assays such as antibody (2.2.1), serological (2.2.2) as well as DNA-based assays (2.2.3).
TextSentencer_T61 7351-7516 Sentence denotes Moreover, the principle of microarrays can be adapted to different types of assays such as antibody (2.2.1), serological (2.2.2) as well as DNA-based assays (2.2.3).
TextSentencer_T62 7517-7601 Sentence denotes One type of possible diagnostic assays is based on the specific binding of antigens.
TextSentencer_T62 7517-7601 Sentence denotes One type of possible diagnostic assays is based on the specific binding of antigens.
TextSentencer_T63 7602-7758 Sentence denotes In this case, small molecules or proteins known as biomarkers are bound by the immobilized capture molecules which are in most cases immobilized antibodies.
TextSentencer_T63 7602-7758 Sentence denotes In this case, small molecules or proteins known as biomarkers are bound by the immobilized capture molecules which are in most cases immobilized antibodies.
TextSentencer_T64 7759-7825 Sentence denotes After binding of the target molecule a secondary antibody is used.
TextSentencer_T64 7759-7825 Sentence denotes After binding of the target molecule a secondary antibody is used.
TextSentencer_T65 7826-7917 Sentence denotes This one is labeled with a fluorescent dye and can bind the analyte from the opposite side.
TextSentencer_T65 7826-7917 Sentence denotes This one is labeled with a fluorescent dye and can bind the analyte from the opposite side.
TextSentencer_T66 7918-7967 Sentence denotes Hence, a "classical" sandwich assay is developed.
TextSentencer_T66 7918-7967 Sentence denotes Hence, a "classical" sandwich assay is developed.
TextSentencer_T67 7968-8129 Sentence denotes In most cases of a multiparamter analysis it is sometimes necessary to use a third antibody which is then labeled since then just one antibody has to be labeled.
TextSentencer_T67 7968-8129 Sentence denotes In most cases of a multiparamter analysis it is sometimes necessary to use a third antibody which is then labeled since then just one antibody has to be labeled.
TextSentencer_T68 8130-8192 Sentence denotes This type of "enhanced" sandwich assay was used in this study.
TextSentencer_T68 8130-8192 Sentence denotes This type of "enhanced" sandwich assay was used in this study.
TextSentencer_T69 8193-8390 Sentence denotes As an example, the simultaneous detection of five different biomarkers is shown, whereas the description is focused to the detection of the C-reactive protein (CRP) which is an acute phase protein.
TextSentencer_T69 8193-8390 Sentence denotes As an example, the simultaneous detection of five different biomarkers is shown, whereas the description is focused to the detection of the C-reactive protein (CRP) which is an acute phase protein.
TextSentencer_T70 8391-8463 Sentence denotes As a biomarker CRP can be used to trace inflammations in the human body.
TextSentencer_T70 8391-8463 Sentence denotes As a biomarker CRP can be used to trace inflammations in the human body.
TextSentencer_T71 8464-8719 Sentence denotes The assay development is started by choosing a microarray layout in which besides the relevant parameter One important development step is the determination of cross-reactivity of the used antibodies since the reaction takes place in one reaction chamber.
TextSentencer_T71 8464-8719 Sentence denotes The assay development is started by choosing a microarray layout in which besides the relevant parameter One important development step is the determination of cross-reactivity of the used antibodies since the reaction takes place in one reaction chamber.
TextSentencer_T72 8720-8880 Sentence denotes Hence, it is important to verify how one specific analyte -in this case CRP -can bind also to other antibodies such as BIO I-IV to give a false-positive result.
TextSentencer_T72 8720-8880 Sentence denotes Hence, it is important to verify how one specific analyte -in this case CRP -can bind also to other antibodies such as BIO I-IV to give a false-positive result.
TextSentencer_T73 8881-8968 Sentence denotes As already qualitatively shown in figure 2 , this can also be quantitatively evaluated.
TextSentencer_T73 8881-8968 Sentence denotes As already qualitatively shown in figure 2 , this can also be quantitatively evaluated.
TextSentencer_T74 8969-9027 Sentence denotes Here, a concentration dependent measurement was performed.
TextSentencer_T74 8969-9027 Sentence denotes Here, a concentration dependent measurement was performed.
TextSentencer_T75 9028-9205 Sentence denotes As shown in figure 3 a concentration dependent signal could be found specifically for the CRP-binding antibody but not for the other antibodies BIO I-IV in the same assay panel.
TextSentencer_T75 9028-9205 Sentence denotes As shown in figure 3 a concentration dependent signal could be found specifically for the CRP-binding antibody but not for the other antibodies BIO I-IV in the same assay panel.
TextSentencer_T76 9206-9307 Sentence denotes Hence, the specific CRP detection is possible between 0.25 -2 µg/mL within this five-parameter assay.
TextSentencer_T76 9206-9307 Sentence denotes Hence, the specific CRP detection is possible between 0.25 -2 µg/mL within this five-parameter assay.
TextSentencer_T77 9308-9439 Sentence denotes Serological assays are an important class of assays, especially for autoimmune diseases, allergies or infectious disease screening.
TextSentencer_T77 9308-9439 Sentence denotes Serological assays are an important class of assays, especially for autoimmune diseases, allergies or infectious disease screening.
TextSentencer_T78 9440-9573 Sentence denotes The analytical targets in this case are antibodies from patients' blood showing the exposure and immunization with a certain antigen.
TextSentencer_T78 9440-9573 Sentence denotes The analytical targets in this case are antibodies from patients' blood showing the exposure and immunization with a certain antigen.
TextSentencer_T79 9574-9852 Sentence denotes In case of autoimmune diseases, these analytical targets are components from the human body itself, for allergies these are components from external allergens (and components thereof) and in case of infectious disease screening these are epitopes from viral or bacterial origin.
TextSentencer_T79 9574-9852 Sentence denotes In case of autoimmune diseases, these analytical targets are components from the human body itself, for allergies these are components from external allergens (and components thereof) and in case of infectious disease screening these are epitopes from viral or bacterial origin.
TextSentencer_T80 9853-10181 Sentence denotes In earlier works in our group serological assays for antibodies against different viral target structures such as T7 phase capsid protein (T7-tag), herpes simplex virus glycoproteins D (HSV-tag), c-myc protein (myc) and three domains of the human coronavirus 229E polymerase polyproteins (pol, hel, con) were developed (9, 10) .
TextSentencer_T80 9853-10181 Sentence denotes In earlier works in our group serological assays for antibodies against different viral target structures such as T7 phase capsid protein (T7-tag), herpes simplex virus glycoproteins D (HSV-tag), c-myc protein (myc) and three domains of the human coronavirus 229E polymerase polyproteins (pol, hel, con) were developed (9, 10) .
TextSentencer_T81 10182-10353 Sentence denotes In this case, peptides as capture molecules were chosen since peptides exhibit especially in terms of storage-life better conditions than corresponding protein structures.
TextSentencer_T81 10182-10353 Sentence denotes In this case, peptides as capture molecules were chosen since peptides exhibit especially in terms of storage-life better conditions than corresponding protein structures.
TextSentencer_T82 10354-10412 Sentence denotes For the development different steps had to be established.
TextSentencer_T82 10354-10412 Sentence denotes For the development different steps had to be established.
TextSentencer_T83 10413-10516 Sentence denotes At first, the appropriate choice of immune-dominant viral protein domains was essential for the design.
TextSentencer_T83 10413-10516 Sentence denotes At first, the appropriate choice of immune-dominant viral protein domains was essential for the design.
TextSentencer_T84 10517-10691 Sentence denotes After finding the right structures a step-wise in-silico dissemination of the protein structures was conducted to design a microarray from different overlapping polypeptides.
TextSentencer_T84 10517-10691 Sentence denotes After finding the right structures a step-wise in-silico dissemination of the protein structures was conducted to design a microarray from different overlapping polypeptides.
TextSentencer_T85 10692-10836 Sentence denotes After synthesis of the derived poly-peptidic structures a peptide microarray was spotted to evaluate specifically binding peptides ( figure 4) .
TextSentencer_T85 10692-10836 Sentence denotes After synthesis of the derived poly-peptidic structures a peptide microarray was spotted to evaluate specifically binding peptides ( figure 4) .
TextSentencer_T86 10837-10871 Sentence denotes The assay structure is as follows:
TextSentencer_T86 10837-10871 Sentence denotes The assay structure is as follows:
TextSentencer_T87 10872-11051 Sentence denotes Specific linear peptide epitope as capture molecule, antibody from human sera as analytical target and an anti-human antibody which is fluorescently labeled as detection antibody.
TextSentencer_T87 10872-11051 Sentence denotes Specific linear peptide epitope as capture molecule, antibody from human sera as analytical target and an anti-human antibody which is fluorescently labeled as detection antibody.
TextSentencer_T88 11052-11130 Sentence denotes Picture of the credit-card sized ivd-cartridge with integrated optical sensor.
TextSentencer_T88 11052-11130 Sentence denotes Picture of the credit-card sized ivd-cartridge with integrated optical sensor.
TextSentencer_T89 11131-11136 Sentence denotes Left:
TextSentencer_T89 11131-11136 Sentence denotes Left:
TextSentencer_T90 11137-11190 Sentence denotes Spotting layout for a multiparameter analysis, Right:
TextSentencer_T90 11137-11190 Sentence denotes Spotting layout for a multiparameter analysis, Right:
TextSentencer_T91 11191-11253 Sentence denotes False-colored picture of an assay with CRP present as analyte.
TextSentencer_T91 11191-11253 Sentence denotes False-colored picture of an assay with CRP present as analyte.
TextSentencer_T92 11254-11408 Sentence denotes Besides the detection of protein structures in antibody and serological assays the determination of DNA for different purposes is of extreme significance.
TextSentencer_T92 11254-11408 Sentence denotes Besides the detection of protein structures in antibody and serological assays the determination of DNA for different purposes is of extreme significance.
TextSentencer_T93 11409-11535 Sentence denotes One of the most significant applications for DNA assays is pathogen detection and combined with it also antibiotic resistance.
TextSentencer_T93 11409-11535 Sentence denotes One of the most significant applications for DNA assays is pathogen detection and combined with it also antibiotic resistance.
TextSentencer_T94 11536-11704 Sentence denotes In contrast to the determination of small molecules or proteins, DNA assays normally need prior to their detection steps like purification and amplification of the DNA.
TextSentencer_T94 11536-11704 Sentence denotes In contrast to the determination of small molecules or proteins, DNA assays normally need prior to their detection steps like purification and amplification of the DNA.
TextSentencer_T95 11705-11826 Sentence denotes Nevertheless, for a specific detection a microarray can be used since here the determination of different DNA-variants by
TextSentencer_T95 11705-11826 Sentence denotes Nevertheless, for a specific detection a microarray can be used since here the determination of different DNA-variants by
TextSentencer_T96 11828-11977 Sentence denotes Peptide assay specificity assessed by different antibodies specific against the described targets (Reprinted from (9), License number 2982331327162).
TextSentencer_T96 11828-11977 Sentence denotes Peptide assay specificity assessed by different antibodies specific against the described targets (Reprinted from (9), License number 2982331327162).
TextSentencer_T97 11978-12101 Sentence denotes Results of a on-chip helicase-dependent amplification of two pathogens (Reprinted from (11), License number 2982330906644).
TextSentencer_T97 11978-12101 Sentence denotes Results of a on-chip helicase-dependent amplification of two pathogens (Reprinted from (11), License number 2982330906644).
TextSentencer_T98 12102-12151 Sentence denotes differently designed DNA-probes can be conducted.
TextSentencer_T98 12102-12151 Sentence denotes differently designed DNA-probes can be conducted.
TextSentencer_T99 12152-12377 Sentence denotes To perform these assays at the point-of-need and to circumvent amplifications methods such as a polymerase-chain reaction, the use of isothermal amplification methods such as helicasedependent amplification (HDA) can be used.
TextSentencer_T99 12152-12377 Sentence denotes To perform these assays at the point-of-need and to circumvent amplifications methods such as a polymerase-chain reaction, the use of isothermal amplification methods such as helicasedependent amplification (HDA) can be used.
TextSentencer_T100 12378-12466 Sentence denotes To combine this method with a microarray, the concept of "active arrays" was introduced.
TextSentencer_T100 12378-12466 Sentence denotes To combine this method with a microarray, the concept of "active arrays" was introduced.
TextSentencer_T101 12467-12588 Sentence denotes Here, specific primers are immobilized on a substrate in a microarray and the amplification takes place from this primer.
TextSentencer_T101 12467-12588 Sentence denotes Here, specific primers are immobilized on a substrate in a microarray and the amplification takes place from this primer.
TextSentencer_T102 12589-12681 Sentence denotes In this case, an isothermal temperature of 65 °C is sufficient for an amplification on-chip.
TextSentencer_T102 12589-12681 Sentence denotes In this case, an isothermal temperature of 65 °C is sufficient for an amplification on-chip.
TextSentencer_T103 12682-12876 Sentence denotes Studies also performed in our group showed that a duplex reaction for the detection of N. gonorrhoeae and S. aureus is possible which could be implemented onto the Fraunhofer ivD-platform (11) .
TextSentencer_T103 12682-12876 Sentence denotes Studies also performed in our group showed that a duplex reaction for the detection of N. gonorrhoeae and S. aureus is possible which could be implemented onto the Fraunhofer ivD-platform (11) .
TextSentencer_T104 12877-13087 Sentence denotes Having in mind these different applications and the system, medically trained personal or physicians have to take blood from the finger pulp and insert this into the already filled and self-contained cartridge.
TextSentencer_T104 12877-13087 Sentence denotes Having in mind these different applications and the system, medically trained personal or physicians have to take blood from the finger pulp and insert this into the already filled and self-contained cartridge.
TextSentencer_T105 13088-13222 Sentence denotes After applying the blood or in some cases also other sample material, the assay has to run fully automated within the read-out device.
TextSentencer_T105 13088-13222 Sentence denotes After applying the blood or in some cases also other sample material, the assay has to run fully automated within the read-out device.
TextSentencer_T106 13223-13340 Sentence denotes Hence, in the read-out device there are all electronic circuitry necessary for the automatic processing of the assay.
TextSentencer_T106 13223-13340 Sentence denotes Hence, in the read-out device there are all electronic circuitry necessary for the automatic processing of the assay.
TextSentencer_T107 13341-13485 Sentence denotes As an example, the described CRP-assay herein was also transferred onto the cartridge and a reaction protocol of about 18 minutes was conducted.
TextSentencer_T107 13341-13485 Sentence denotes As an example, the described CRP-assay herein was also transferred onto the cartridge and a reaction protocol of about 18 minutes was conducted.
TextSentencer_T108 13486-13526 Sentence denotes The steps included are shown in table 1.
TextSentencer_T108 13486-13526 Sentence denotes The steps included are shown in table 1.
TextSentencer_T109 13527-13602 Sentence denotes For signal generation depending on the read-out different hardware is used.
TextSentencer_T109 13527-13602 Sentence denotes For signal generation depending on the read-out different hardware is used.
TextSentencer_T110 13603-13721 Sentence denotes Focusing on the optical read-out a laser light is emitted which can be coupled via the prism into the polymeric slide.
TextSentencer_T110 13603-13721 Sentence denotes Focusing on the optical read-out a laser light is emitted which can be coupled via the prism into the polymeric slide.
TextSentencer_T111 13722-13811 Sentence denotes By generating in that way an evanescent field, the surface near fluorophores are excited.
TextSentencer_T111 13722-13811 Sentence denotes By generating in that way an evanescent field, the surface near fluorophores are excited.
TextSentencer_T112 13812-13911 Sentence denotes Via an uncooled CCD camera which is also part of the read-out unit a fluorescent image is recorded.
TextSentencer_T112 13812-13911 Sentence denotes Via an uncooled CCD camera which is also part of the read-out unit a fluorescent image is recorded.
TextSentencer_T113 13912-14065 Sentence denotes Software afterwards analyses the recorded image and with an automated grid overlay the different fluorescent intensities per each spot can be quantified.
TextSentencer_T113 13912-14065 Sentence denotes Software afterwards analyses the recorded image and with an automated grid overlay the different fluorescent intensities per each spot can be quantified.
TextSentencer_T114 14066-14146 Sentence denotes For the quantification of an unknown sample, a calibration curve has to be used.
TextSentencer_T114 14066-14146 Sentence denotes For the quantification of an unknown sample, a calibration curve has to be used.
TextSentencer_T115 14147-14222 Sentence denotes As part of the design the possibility for serial production was considered.
TextSentencer_T115 14147-14222 Sentence denotes As part of the design the possibility for serial production was considered.
TextSentencer_T116 14223-14281 Sentence denotes Hence, the cartridge itself was designed to be producible.
TextSentencer_T116 14223-14281 Sentence denotes Hence, the cartridge itself was designed to be producible.
TextSentencer_T117 14282-14347 Sentence denotes In this regard, as a base layer a printed-circuit board was used.
TextSentencer_T117 14282-14347 Sentence denotes In this regard, as a base layer a printed-circuit board was used.
TextSentencer_T118 14348-14409 Sentence denotes Via some connecting layer, the pump functions are integrated.
TextSentencer_T118 14348-14409 Sentence denotes Via some connecting layer, the pump functions are integrated.
TextSentencer_T119 14410-14502 Sentence denotes The upper part is an injection-molded layer which can also be produced by serial production.
TextSentencer_T119 14410-14502 Sentence denotes The upper part is an injection-molded layer which can also be produced by serial production.
TextSentencer_T120 14503-14564 Sentence denotes In this way, the whole system can be produced and customized.
TextSentencer_T120 14503-14564 Sentence denotes In this way, the whole system can be produced and customized.
TextSentencer_T121 14565-14711 Sentence denotes Estimations of the costs of productions were made and with number of pieces of about one million, the price per cartridge can be as low as € 1.50.
TextSentencer_T121 14565-14711 Sentence denotes Estimations of the costs of productions were made and with number of pieces of about one million, the price per cartridge can be as low as € 1.50.
TextSentencer_T122 14712-14829 Sentence denotes The Fraunhofer ivD-platform was developed as a technology platform for bringing microarrays to the patient's bedside.
TextSentencer_T122 14712-14829 Sentence denotes The Fraunhofer ivD-platform was developed as a technology platform for bringing microarrays to the patient's bedside.
TextSentencer_T123 14830-15024 Sentence denotes Some assays were already transferred onto this platform but there are many more application areas in which such as device can bring additional benefit to physicians, patients as well as society.
TextSentencer_T123 14830-15024 Sentence denotes Some assays were already transferred onto this platform but there are many more application areas in which such as device can bring additional benefit to physicians, patients as well as society.
TextSentencer_T124 15025-15167 Sentence denotes Besides focusing on the assay also different types type of sensors could be used for open up more application areas than immune-or DNA-assays.
TextSentencer_T124 15025-15167 Sentence denotes Besides focusing on the assay also different types type of sensors could be used for open up more application areas than immune-or DNA-assays.
TextSentencer_T125 15168-15231 Sentence denotes For commercialization, mainly three steps have to be conducted.
TextSentencer_T125 15168-15231 Sentence denotes For commercialization, mainly three steps have to be conducted.
TextSentencer_T126 15232-15234 Sentence denotes 1.
TextSentencer_T126 15232-15234 Sentence denotes 1.
TextSentencer_T127 15235-15244 Sentence denotes Transfer:
TextSentencer_T127 15235-15244 Sentence denotes Transfer:
TextSentencer_T128 15245-15422 Sentence denotes Already established assays have to be transferred onto the Fraunhofer ivD-platform design including optimization of assay parameter such as pumping sequence or incubation times.
TextSentencer_T128 15245-15422 Sentence denotes Already established assays have to be transferred onto the Fraunhofer ivD-platform design including optimization of assay parameter such as pumping sequence or incubation times.
TextSentencer_T129 15423-15547 Sentence denotes These assays have to be validated depending on guidelines such as ivD-guideline or MPG (medical device guidelines, Germany).
TextSentencer_T129 15423-15547 Sentence denotes These assays have to be validated depending on guidelines such as ivD-guideline or MPG (medical device guidelines, Germany).
TextSentencer_T130 15548-15671 Sentence denotes The validated assays have to be produced in serial production to match targeted prices on the regulated health-care market.
TextSentencer_T130 15548-15671 Sentence denotes The validated assays have to be produced in serial production to match targeted prices on the regulated health-care market.