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Background: The optimal dose of accelerated hyperfractionated radiotherapy AHF-RT for limited-stage small-cell lung cancer L-SCLC remains unknon. The purpose of this study as to evaluate the efficacy and safety of AHF-TRT ith 54 Gy. Methods: Beteen 2006 and 2012, 19 patients, diagnosed ith L-SCLC and treated ith chemotherapy and thoracic radiation therapy TRT , ere enrolled in this study. The chemotherapy regimens ere PE cisplatin and etoposide or CE carboplatin and etoposide regimens. Nine patients treated beteen 2006 and 2010 ere irradiated ith 45 Gy in 30 fractions for 3 eeks ith AHF. Ten patients treated beteen 2011 and 2012 ere irradiated ith 54 Gy in 36 fractions for 3.6 eeks ith AHF. AHF-RT as given in to phases: patients initially received 36 Gy to gross tumor plus uninvolved mediastinal nodes, folloed by a boost to gross tumor of 9 or 18 Gy. All patients ere treated ith three-dimensional conformal radiation therapy ith multiple fields to reduce irradiated volume of surrounding organ to a minimum as far as possible, such as esophagus. Results: The median survival time MST of 45 Gy group as 24 months, hile MST of 54 Gy group as 41 months. A comparison beteen the 45 Gy and 54 Gy groups at three years shoed that the overall survival rate as 33.3 percent vs 60.0 percent, p = 0.3036 ; the progression-free survival PFS rate as 0 percent vs 40.0 percent p = 0.0191 ; the in-field progression-free survival rate as 11.1 percent vs. 50.0 percent p = 0.0917 and the distant metastasis-free survival DMFS rate as 60.0 percent vs. 0 percent p = 0.0293 . No Grade 3+ non-hematological adverse effects, such as acute esophagitis, pneumonitis or lung fibrosis ere encountered. Conclusions: TRT ith AHF of 54 Gy ith concurrent PE or CE regimens significantly improved PFS and DMFS controls ithout increasing severe toxicity, compared ith 45 Gy. Although more patients ith longer follo-up periods are needed to evaluate the usefulness and safety of dose escalation of 9 Gy, these outcomes suggest that the dose escalation to 54 Gy on AHF-RT for L-SCLC could be a promising modality to improve the treatment results ith lo incidence of severe toxicity.,J Clin Oncol 34, 2016 suppl; abstr e20104 ,Publication Only Lung CancerNon-Small Cell Local-RegionalSmall CellOther Thoracic Cancers