Id |
Subject |
Object |
Predicate |
Lexical cue |
T1 |
0-135 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Effect of metformin as an add-on therapy on neuregulin-4 levels and vascular-related complications in adolescents with type 1 diabetes: |
T2 |
136-166 |
Sentence |
denotes |
A randomized controlled trial. |
T3 |
167-178 |
Sentence |
denotes |
BACKGROUND: |
T4 |
179-305 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Inflammation is closely associated with atherosclerosis and plays a crucial role in the development of cardiovascular disease. |
T5 |
306-409 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Metformin sensitizes body cells to insulin, which may cause a reduction of atherogenic lipid fractions. |
T6 |
410-547 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Low neuregulin-4 (Nrg-4) levels, an adipokine, are linked to obesity, insulin resistance, impaired glucose tolerance and type 2 diabetes. |
T7 |
548-559 |
Sentence |
denotes |
OBJECTIVES: |
T8 |
560-833 |
Sentence |
denotes |
We assessed the effect of oral supplementation with metformin on glycemic control, neuregulin-4 levels and carotid intima media thickness (CIMT) as a marker for subclinical atherosclerosis in adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) and microvascular complications. |
T9 |
834-842 |
Sentence |
denotes |
METHODS: |
T10 |
843-1051 |
Sentence |
denotes |
This randomized placebo-controlled trial included 80 type 1 diabetic patients with microvascular complications who were randomly divided to receive either 24 weeks of metformin 500 mg/day or matching placebo. |
T11 |
1052-1225 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Fasting blood glucose (FBG), HbA1c, C-reactive protein (CRP), urinary albumin creatinine ratio (UACR), lipid profile, Nrg-4 and CIMT were assessed at baseline and study end. |
T12 |
1226-1234 |
Sentence |
denotes |
RESULTS: |
T13 |
1235-1336 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Both groups were well-matched as regards baseline clinical and laboratory data (p greater than 0.05). |
T14 |
1337-1591 |
Sentence |
denotes |
After 24-weeks, metformin therapy for the intervention group resulted in a significant decrease of HbA1c, CRP, UACR, total cholesterol and CIMT while Nrg-4 levels were increased compared with baseline levels (p < 0.001) and with placebo group(p < 0.001). |
T15 |
1592-1688 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Baseline Nrg-4 levels were negatively correlated to FBG, HbA1c, total cholesterol, CRP and CIMT. |
T16 |
1689-1718 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Metformin was well-tolerated. |
T17 |
1719-1731 |
Sentence |
denotes |
CONCLUSIONS: |
T18 |
1732-2028 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Oral metformin supplementation once daily for 24 weeks as an adjuvant therapy to intensive insulin in pediatric T1DM was safe and effective in improving glycemic control, dyslipidemia and Nrg-4 levels; hence, it decreased inflammation, microvascular complications and subclinical atherosclerosis. |
T1 |
0-135 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Effect of metformin as an add-on therapy on neuregulin-4 levels and vascular-related complications in adolescents with type 1 diabetes: |
T2 |
136-166 |
Sentence |
denotes |
A randomized controlled trial. |
T3 |
167-178 |
Sentence |
denotes |
BACKGROUND: |
T4 |
179-305 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Inflammation is closely associated with atherosclerosis and plays a crucial role in the development of cardiovascular disease. |
T5 |
306-409 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Metformin sensitizes body cells to insulin, which may cause a reduction of atherogenic lipid fractions. |
T6 |
410-547 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Low neuregulin-4 (Nrg-4) levels, an adipokine, are linked to obesity, insulin resistance, impaired glucose tolerance and type 2 diabetes. |
T7 |
548-559 |
Sentence |
denotes |
OBJECTIVES: |
T8 |
560-833 |
Sentence |
denotes |
We assessed the effect of oral supplementation with metformin on glycemic control, neuregulin-4 levels and carotid intima media thickness (CIMT) as a marker for subclinical atherosclerosis in adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) and microvascular complications. |
T9 |
834-842 |
Sentence |
denotes |
METHODS: |
T10 |
843-1051 |
Sentence |
denotes |
This randomized placebo-controlled trial included 80 type 1 diabetic patients with microvascular complications who were randomly divided to receive either 24 weeks of metformin 500 mg/day or matching placebo. |
T11 |
1052-1225 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Fasting blood glucose (FBG), HbA1c, C-reactive protein (CRP), urinary albumin creatinine ratio (UACR), lipid profile, Nrg-4 and CIMT were assessed at baseline and study end. |
T12 |
1226-1234 |
Sentence |
denotes |
RESULTS: |
T13 |
1235-1336 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Both groups were well-matched as regards baseline clinical and laboratory data (p greater than 0.05). |
T14 |
1337-1591 |
Sentence |
denotes |
After 24-weeks, metformin therapy for the intervention group resulted in a significant decrease of HbA1c, CRP, UACR, total cholesterol and CIMT while Nrg-4 levels were increased compared with baseline levels (p < 0.001) and with placebo group(p < 0.001). |
T15 |
1592-1688 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Baseline Nrg-4 levels were negatively correlated to FBG, HbA1c, total cholesterol, CRP and CIMT. |
T16 |
1689-1718 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Metformin was well-tolerated. |
T17 |
1719-1731 |
Sentence |
denotes |
CONCLUSIONS: |
T18 |
1732-2028 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Oral metformin supplementation once daily for 24 weeks as an adjuvant therapy to intensive insulin in pediatric T1DM was safe and effective in improving glycemic control, dyslipidemia and Nrg-4 levels; hence, it decreased inflammation, microvascular complications and subclinical atherosclerosis. |