PubMed:27932382 JSONTXT

{"project":"GlyCosmos6-Glycan-Motif-Image","denotations":[{"id":"T1","span":{"begin":1422,"end":1430},"obj":"Glycan_Motif"}],"attributes":[{"id":"A1","pred":"image","subj":"T1","obj":"https://api.glycosmos.org/wurcs2image/0.10.0/png/binary/G31736BK"},{"id":"A2","pred":"image","subj":"T1","obj":"https://api.glycosmos.org/wurcs2image/0.10.0/png/binary/G00057MO"}],"text":"Structures and developmental alterations of N-glycans of zebrafish embryos.\nZebrafish is a model organism suitable for studying vertebrate development. We analyzed the N-glycan structures of zebrafish embryos and their alterations during zebrafish embryogenesis to obtain basic data for studying the roles of N-glycosylation. Multiple modes of high-performance liquid chromatography and multistage mass spectrometry were used for structural analysis of N-glycans. The N-glycans from deyolked embryos at 36 hours postfertilization, a mid-pharyngula stage, contained relatively higher amounts of complex- and hybrid-type glycans with LacNAc (Galβ1-4GlcNAc) and/or sialyl LacNAc without additional β1,4-Gal, which are commonly found in mammalian tissues, as well as abundant oligomannose-type glycans. Some of the complex- and hybrid-type glycans possessed various extended LacNAc structures, such as Galβ1-4LacNAc, LacNAc-repeat or unique (+/- dHex)-GalNAcα1-GlcNAcβ1-LacNAc. In contrast, the yolk of the embryo contains predominant oligomannose-type glycans and complex-type glycans with Galβ1-4(Siaα2-3)Galβ1-4(Fucα1-3)GlcNAc antennae. N-Glycan profiles obtained from deyolked embryos at different stages showed stage-dependent variation of complex- and hybrid-type glycans. At gastrula and early segmentation stages, complex- and hybrid-type glycans were minor components, and their antenna structures were mainly sialyl LacdiNAc (Siaα2-6GalNAcβ1-4GlcNAc). From the mid-segmentation to pharyngula stages, those with LacNAc and/or α2,6-sialyl LacNAc antenna structures increased remarkably, and those with α2,3-sialyl LacNAc antenna, core α1,6-Fuc and bisecting GlcNAc modifications increased gradually. These results suggest the presence of mechanisms for regulating the antenna structures of complex/hybrid N-glycan biosynthesis in the phylotypic stage of vertebrate development."}

{"project":"GlyCosmos6-Glycan-Motif-Structure","denotations":[{"id":"T1","span":{"begin":1422,"end":1430},"obj":"https://glytoucan.org/Structures/Glycans/G00057MO"},{"id":"T2","span":{"begin":1422,"end":1430},"obj":"https://glytoucan.org/Structures/Glycans/G31736BK"}],"text":"Structures and developmental alterations of N-glycans of zebrafish embryos.\nZebrafish is a model organism suitable for studying vertebrate development. We analyzed the N-glycan structures of zebrafish embryos and their alterations during zebrafish embryogenesis to obtain basic data for studying the roles of N-glycosylation. Multiple modes of high-performance liquid chromatography and multistage mass spectrometry were used for structural analysis of N-glycans. The N-glycans from deyolked embryos at 36 hours postfertilization, a mid-pharyngula stage, contained relatively higher amounts of complex- and hybrid-type glycans with LacNAc (Galβ1-4GlcNAc) and/or sialyl LacNAc without additional β1,4-Gal, which are commonly found in mammalian tissues, as well as abundant oligomannose-type glycans. Some of the complex- and hybrid-type glycans possessed various extended LacNAc structures, such as Galβ1-4LacNAc, LacNAc-repeat or unique (+/- dHex)-GalNAcα1-GlcNAcβ1-LacNAc. In contrast, the yolk of the embryo contains predominant oligomannose-type glycans and complex-type glycans with Galβ1-4(Siaα2-3)Galβ1-4(Fucα1-3)GlcNAc antennae. N-Glycan profiles obtained from deyolked embryos at different stages showed stage-dependent variation of complex- and hybrid-type glycans. At gastrula and early segmentation stages, complex- and hybrid-type glycans were minor components, and their antenna structures were mainly sialyl LacdiNAc (Siaα2-6GalNAcβ1-4GlcNAc). From the mid-segmentation to pharyngula stages, those with LacNAc and/or α2,6-sialyl LacNAc antenna structures increased remarkably, and those with α2,3-sialyl LacNAc antenna, core α1,6-Fuc and bisecting GlcNAc modifications increased gradually. These results suggest the presence of mechanisms for regulating the antenna structures of complex/hybrid N-glycan biosynthesis in the phylotypic stage of vertebrate development."}

{"project":"Glycosmos6-MAT","denotations":[{"id":"T1","span":{"begin":67,"end":74},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MAT_0000226"},{"id":"T2","span":{"begin":128,"end":138},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MAT_0000373"},{"id":"T3","span":{"begin":201,"end":208},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MAT_0000226"},{"id":"T4","span":{"begin":492,"end":499},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MAT_0000226"},{"id":"T5","span":{"begin":1003,"end":1009},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MAT_0000226"},{"id":"T6","span":{"begin":1126,"end":1134},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MAT_0000086"},{"id":"T7","span":{"begin":1177,"end":1184},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MAT_0000226"},{"id":"T8","span":{"begin":1278,"end":1286},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MAT_0000179"},{"id":"T9","span":{"begin":1278,"end":1286},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MAT_0000063"},{"id":"T10","span":{"begin":1384,"end":1391},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MAT_0000086"},{"id":"T11","span":{"begin":1550,"end":1557},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MAT_0000086"},{"id":"T12","span":{"begin":1625,"end":1632},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MAT_0000086"},{"id":"T13","span":{"begin":1772,"end":1779},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MAT_0000086"},{"id":"T14","span":{"begin":1858,"end":1868},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MAT_0000373"}],"text":"Structures and developmental alterations of N-glycans of zebrafish embryos.\nZebrafish is a model organism suitable for studying vertebrate development. We analyzed the N-glycan structures of zebrafish embryos and their alterations during zebrafish embryogenesis to obtain basic data for studying the roles of N-glycosylation. Multiple modes of high-performance liquid chromatography and multistage mass spectrometry were used for structural analysis of N-glycans. The N-glycans from deyolked embryos at 36 hours postfertilization, a mid-pharyngula stage, contained relatively higher amounts of complex- and hybrid-type glycans with LacNAc (Galβ1-4GlcNAc) and/or sialyl LacNAc without additional β1,4-Gal, which are commonly found in mammalian tissues, as well as abundant oligomannose-type glycans. Some of the complex- and hybrid-type glycans possessed various extended LacNAc structures, such as Galβ1-4LacNAc, LacNAc-repeat or unique (+/- dHex)-GalNAcα1-GlcNAcβ1-LacNAc. In contrast, the yolk of the embryo contains predominant oligomannose-type glycans and complex-type glycans with Galβ1-4(Siaα2-3)Galβ1-4(Fucα1-3)GlcNAc antennae. N-Glycan profiles obtained from deyolked embryos at different stages showed stage-dependent variation of complex- and hybrid-type glycans. At gastrula and early segmentation stages, complex- and hybrid-type glycans were minor components, and their antenna structures were mainly sialyl LacdiNAc (Siaα2-6GalNAcβ1-4GlcNAc). From the mid-segmentation to pharyngula stages, those with LacNAc and/or α2,6-sialyl LacNAc antenna structures increased remarkably, and those with α2,3-sialyl LacNAc antenna, core α1,6-Fuc and bisecting GlcNAc modifications increased gradually. These results suggest the presence of mechanisms for regulating the antenna structures of complex/hybrid N-glycan biosynthesis in the phylotypic stage of vertebrate development."}

{"project":"sentences","denotations":[{"id":"TextSentencer_T1","span":{"begin":0,"end":75},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"TextSentencer_T2","span":{"begin":76,"end":151},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"TextSentencer_T3","span":{"begin":152,"end":325},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"TextSentencer_T4","span":{"begin":326,"end":463},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"TextSentencer_T5","span":{"begin":464,"end":798},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"TextSentencer_T6","span":{"begin":799,"end":973},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"TextSentencer_T7","span":{"begin":974,"end":1135},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"TextSentencer_T8","span":{"begin":1136,"end":1274},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"TextSentencer_T9","span":{"begin":1275,"end":1457},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"TextSentencer_T10","span":{"begin":1458,"end":1703},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"TextSentencer_T11","span":{"begin":1704,"end":1881},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T1","span":{"begin":0,"end":75},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T2","span":{"begin":76,"end":151},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T3","span":{"begin":152,"end":325},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T4","span":{"begin":326,"end":463},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T5","span":{"begin":464,"end":798},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T6","span":{"begin":799,"end":973},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T7","span":{"begin":974,"end":1135},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T8","span":{"begin":1136,"end":1274},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T9","span":{"begin":1275,"end":1457},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T10","span":{"begin":1458,"end":1703},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T11","span":{"begin":1704,"end":1881},"obj":"Sentence"}],"namespaces":[{"prefix":"_base","uri":"http://pubannotation.org/ontology/tao.owl#"}],"text":"Structures and developmental alterations of N-glycans of zebrafish embryos.\nZebrafish is a model organism suitable for studying vertebrate development. We analyzed the N-glycan structures of zebrafish embryos and their alterations during zebrafish embryogenesis to obtain basic data for studying the roles of N-glycosylation. Multiple modes of high-performance liquid chromatography and multistage mass spectrometry were used for structural analysis of N-glycans. The N-glycans from deyolked embryos at 36 hours postfertilization, a mid-pharyngula stage, contained relatively higher amounts of complex- and hybrid-type glycans with LacNAc (Galβ1-4GlcNAc) and/or sialyl LacNAc without additional β1,4-Gal, which are commonly found in mammalian tissues, as well as abundant oligomannose-type glycans. Some of the complex- and hybrid-type glycans possessed various extended LacNAc structures, such as Galβ1-4LacNAc, LacNAc-repeat or unique (+/- dHex)-GalNAcα1-GlcNAcβ1-LacNAc. In contrast, the yolk of the embryo contains predominant oligomannose-type glycans and complex-type glycans with Galβ1-4(Siaα2-3)Galβ1-4(Fucα1-3)GlcNAc antennae. N-Glycan profiles obtained from deyolked embryos at different stages showed stage-dependent variation of complex- and hybrid-type glycans. At gastrula and early segmentation stages, complex- and hybrid-type glycans were minor components, and their antenna structures were mainly sialyl LacdiNAc (Siaα2-6GalNAcβ1-4GlcNAc). From the mid-segmentation to pharyngula stages, those with LacNAc and/or α2,6-sialyl LacNAc antenna structures increased remarkably, and those with α2,3-sialyl LacNAc antenna, core α1,6-Fuc and bisecting GlcNAc modifications increased gradually. These results suggest the presence of mechanisms for regulating the antenna structures of complex/hybrid N-glycan biosynthesis in the phylotypic stage of vertebrate development."}

{"project":"NGLY1-deficiency","denotations":[{"id":"PD-NGLY1-deficiency-B_T1","span":{"begin":1119,"end":1125},"obj":"chem:24139"},{"id":"PD-NGLY1-deficiency-B_T2","span":{"begin":1662,"end":1668},"obj":"chem:24139"}],"namespaces":[{"prefix":"hgnc","uri":"https://www.genenames.org/data/gene-symbol-report/#!/hgnc_id/HGNC:"},{"prefix":"omim","uri":"https://www.omim.org/entry/"},{"prefix":"chem","uri":"https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/"}],"text":"Structures and developmental alterations of N-glycans of zebrafish embryos.\nZebrafish is a model organism suitable for studying vertebrate development. We analyzed the N-glycan structures of zebrafish embryos and their alterations during zebrafish embryogenesis to obtain basic data for studying the roles of N-glycosylation. Multiple modes of high-performance liquid chromatography and multistage mass spectrometry were used for structural analysis of N-glycans. The N-glycans from deyolked embryos at 36 hours postfertilization, a mid-pharyngula stage, contained relatively higher amounts of complex- and hybrid-type glycans with LacNAc (Galβ1-4GlcNAc) and/or sialyl LacNAc without additional β1,4-Gal, which are commonly found in mammalian tissues, as well as abundant oligomannose-type glycans. Some of the complex- and hybrid-type glycans possessed various extended LacNAc structures, such as Galβ1-4LacNAc, LacNAc-repeat or unique (+/- dHex)-GalNAcα1-GlcNAcβ1-LacNAc. In contrast, the yolk of the embryo contains predominant oligomannose-type glycans and complex-type glycans with Galβ1-4(Siaα2-3)Galβ1-4(Fucα1-3)GlcNAc antennae. N-Glycan profiles obtained from deyolked embryos at different stages showed stage-dependent variation of complex- and hybrid-type glycans. At gastrula and early segmentation stages, complex- and hybrid-type glycans were minor components, and their antenna structures were mainly sialyl LacdiNAc (Siaα2-6GalNAcβ1-4GlcNAc). From the mid-segmentation to pharyngula stages, those with LacNAc and/or α2,6-sialyl LacNAc antenna structures increased remarkably, and those with α2,3-sialyl LacNAc antenna, core α1,6-Fuc and bisecting GlcNAc modifications increased gradually. These results suggest the presence of mechanisms for regulating the antenna structures of complex/hybrid N-glycan biosynthesis in the phylotypic stage of vertebrate development."}

{"project":"Anatomy-MAT","denotations":[{"id":"T1","span":{"begin":67,"end":74},"obj":"Body_part"},{"id":"T2","span":{"begin":128,"end":138},"obj":"Body_part"},{"id":"T3","span":{"begin":201,"end":208},"obj":"Body_part"},{"id":"T4","span":{"begin":492,"end":499},"obj":"Body_part"},{"id":"T5","span":{"begin":1003,"end":1009},"obj":"Body_part"},{"id":"T6","span":{"begin":1126,"end":1134},"obj":"Body_part"},{"id":"T7","span":{"begin":1177,"end":1184},"obj":"Body_part"},{"id":"T8","span":{"begin":1278,"end":1286},"obj":"Body_part"},{"id":"T10","span":{"begin":1384,"end":1391},"obj":"Body_part"},{"id":"T11","span":{"begin":1550,"end":1557},"obj":"Body_part"},{"id":"T12","span":{"begin":1625,"end":1632},"obj":"Body_part"},{"id":"T13","span":{"begin":1772,"end":1779},"obj":"Body_part"},{"id":"T14","span":{"begin":1858,"end":1868},"obj":"Body_part"}],"attributes":[{"id":"A1","pred":"mat_id","subj":"T1","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MAT_0000226"},{"id":"A2","pred":"mat_id","subj":"T2","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MAT_0000373"},{"id":"A3","pred":"mat_id","subj":"T3","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MAT_0000226"},{"id":"A4","pred":"mat_id","subj":"T4","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MAT_0000226"},{"id":"A5","pred":"mat_id","subj":"T5","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MAT_0000226"},{"id":"A6","pred":"mat_id","subj":"T6","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MAT_0000086"},{"id":"A7","pred":"mat_id","subj":"T7","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MAT_0000226"},{"id":"A8","pred":"mat_id","subj":"T8","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MAT_0000179"},{"id":"A9","pred":"mat_id","subj":"T8","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MAT_0000063"},{"id":"A10","pred":"mat_id","subj":"T10","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MAT_0000086"},{"id":"A11","pred":"mat_id","subj":"T11","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MAT_0000086"},{"id":"A12","pred":"mat_id","subj":"T12","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MAT_0000086"},{"id":"A13","pred":"mat_id","subj":"T13","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MAT_0000086"},{"id":"A14","pred":"mat_id","subj":"T14","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MAT_0000373"}],"text":"Structures and developmental alterations of N-glycans of zebrafish embryos.\nZebrafish is a model organism suitable for studying vertebrate development. We analyzed the N-glycan structures of zebrafish embryos and their alterations during zebrafish embryogenesis to obtain basic data for studying the roles of N-glycosylation. Multiple modes of high-performance liquid chromatography and multistage mass spectrometry were used for structural analysis of N-glycans. The N-glycans from deyolked embryos at 36 hours postfertilization, a mid-pharyngula stage, contained relatively higher amounts of complex- and hybrid-type glycans with LacNAc (Galβ1-4GlcNAc) and/or sialyl LacNAc without additional β1,4-Gal, which are commonly found in mammalian tissues, as well as abundant oligomannose-type glycans. Some of the complex- and hybrid-type glycans possessed various extended LacNAc structures, such as Galβ1-4LacNAc, LacNAc-repeat or unique (+/- dHex)-GalNAcα1-GlcNAcβ1-LacNAc. In contrast, the yolk of the embryo contains predominant oligomannose-type glycans and complex-type glycans with Galβ1-4(Siaα2-3)Galβ1-4(Fucα1-3)GlcNAc antennae. N-Glycan profiles obtained from deyolked embryos at different stages showed stage-dependent variation of complex- and hybrid-type glycans. At gastrula and early segmentation stages, complex- and hybrid-type glycans were minor components, and their antenna structures were mainly sialyl LacdiNAc (Siaα2-6GalNAcβ1-4GlcNAc). From the mid-segmentation to pharyngula stages, those with LacNAc and/or α2,6-sialyl LacNAc antenna structures increased remarkably, and those with α2,3-sialyl LacNAc antenna, core α1,6-Fuc and bisecting GlcNAc modifications increased gradually. These results suggest the presence of mechanisms for regulating the antenna structures of complex/hybrid N-glycan biosynthesis in the phylotypic stage of vertebrate development."}

{"project":"Glycan-GlyCosmos","denotations":[{"id":"T1","span":{"begin":632,"end":638},"obj":"Glycan"},{"id":"T2","span":{"begin":669,"end":675},"obj":"Glycan"},{"id":"T3","span":{"begin":871,"end":877},"obj":"Glycan"},{"id":"T4","span":{"begin":905,"end":911},"obj":"Glycan"},{"id":"T5","span":{"begin":913,"end":919},"obj":"Glycan"},{"id":"T6","span":{"begin":948,"end":954},"obj":"Glycan"},{"id":"T7","span":{"begin":966,"end":972},"obj":"Glycan"},{"id":"T8","span":{"begin":1439,"end":1445},"obj":"Glycan"},{"id":"T9","span":{"begin":1517,"end":1523},"obj":"Glycan"},{"id":"T10","span":{"begin":1543,"end":1549},"obj":"Glycan"},{"id":"T11","span":{"begin":1618,"end":1624},"obj":"Glycan"}],"attributes":[{"id":"A1","pred":"glycosmos_id","subj":"T1","obj":"https://glycosmos.org/glycans/show/G66213AR"},{"id":"A12","pred":"image","subj":"T1","obj":"https://api.glycosmos.org/wurcs2image/latest/png/binary/G66213AR"},{"id":"A2","pred":"glycosmos_id","subj":"T2","obj":"https://glycosmos.org/glycans/show/G66213AR"},{"id":"A13","pred":"image","subj":"T2","obj":"https://api.glycosmos.org/wurcs2image/latest/png/binary/G66213AR"},{"id":"A3","pred":"glycosmos_id","subj":"T3","obj":"https://glycosmos.org/glycans/show/G66213AR"},{"id":"A14","pred":"image","subj":"T3","obj":"https://api.glycosmos.org/wurcs2image/latest/png/binary/G66213AR"},{"id":"A4","pred":"glycosmos_id","subj":"T4","obj":"https://glycosmos.org/glycans/show/G66213AR"},{"id":"A15","pred":"image","subj":"T4","obj":"https://api.glycosmos.org/wurcs2image/latest/png/binary/G66213AR"},{"id":"A5","pred":"glycosmos_id","subj":"T5","obj":"https://glycosmos.org/glycans/show/G66213AR"},{"id":"A16","pred":"image","subj":"T5","obj":"https://api.glycosmos.org/wurcs2image/latest/png/binary/G66213AR"},{"id":"A6","pred":"glycosmos_id","subj":"T6","obj":"https://glycosmos.org/glycans/show/G39738WL"},{"id":"A17","pred":"image","subj":"T6","obj":"https://api.glycosmos.org/wurcs2image/latest/png/binary/G39738WL"},{"id":"A7","pred":"glycosmos_id","subj":"T7","obj":"https://glycosmos.org/glycans/show/G66213AR"},{"id":"A18","pred":"image","subj":"T7","obj":"https://api.glycosmos.org/wurcs2image/latest/png/binary/G66213AR"},{"id":"A8","pred":"glycosmos_id","subj":"T8","obj":"https://glycosmos.org/glycans/show/G39738WL"},{"id":"A19","pred":"image","subj":"T8","obj":"https://api.glycosmos.org/wurcs2image/latest/png/binary/G39738WL"},{"id":"A9","pred":"glycosmos_id","subj":"T9","obj":"https://glycosmos.org/glycans/show/G66213AR"},{"id":"A20","pred":"image","subj":"T9","obj":"https://api.glycosmos.org/wurcs2image/latest/png/binary/G66213AR"},{"id":"A10","pred":"glycosmos_id","subj":"T10","obj":"https://glycosmos.org/glycans/show/G66213AR"},{"id":"A21","pred":"image","subj":"T10","obj":"https://api.glycosmos.org/wurcs2image/latest/png/binary/G66213AR"},{"id":"A11","pred":"glycosmos_id","subj":"T11","obj":"https://glycosmos.org/glycans/show/G66213AR"},{"id":"A22","pred":"image","subj":"T11","obj":"https://api.glycosmos.org/wurcs2image/latest/png/binary/G66213AR"}],"text":"Structures and developmental alterations of N-glycans of zebrafish embryos.\nZebrafish is a model organism suitable for studying vertebrate development. We analyzed the N-glycan structures of zebrafish embryos and their alterations during zebrafish embryogenesis to obtain basic data for studying the roles of N-glycosylation. Multiple modes of high-performance liquid chromatography and multistage mass spectrometry were used for structural analysis of N-glycans. The N-glycans from deyolked embryos at 36 hours postfertilization, a mid-pharyngula stage, contained relatively higher amounts of complex- and hybrid-type glycans with LacNAc (Galβ1-4GlcNAc) and/or sialyl LacNAc without additional β1,4-Gal, which are commonly found in mammalian tissues, as well as abundant oligomannose-type glycans. Some of the complex- and hybrid-type glycans possessed various extended LacNAc structures, such as Galβ1-4LacNAc, LacNAc-repeat or unique (+/- dHex)-GalNAcα1-GlcNAcβ1-LacNAc. In contrast, the yolk of the embryo contains predominant oligomannose-type glycans and complex-type glycans with Galβ1-4(Siaα2-3)Galβ1-4(Fucα1-3)GlcNAc antennae. N-Glycan profiles obtained from deyolked embryos at different stages showed stage-dependent variation of complex- and hybrid-type glycans. At gastrula and early segmentation stages, complex- and hybrid-type glycans were minor components, and their antenna structures were mainly sialyl LacdiNAc (Siaα2-6GalNAcβ1-4GlcNAc). From the mid-segmentation to pharyngula stages, those with LacNAc and/or α2,6-sialyl LacNAc antenna structures increased remarkably, and those with α2,3-sialyl LacNAc antenna, core α1,6-Fuc and bisecting GlcNAc modifications increased gradually. These results suggest the presence of mechanisms for regulating the antenna structures of complex/hybrid N-glycan biosynthesis in the phylotypic stage of vertebrate development."}

{"project":"GlyCosmos15-NCBITAXON","denotations":[{"id":"T1","span":{"begin":57,"end":66},"obj":"OrganismTaxon"},{"id":"T2","span":{"begin":76,"end":85},"obj":"OrganismTaxon"},{"id":"T3","span":{"begin":191,"end":200},"obj":"OrganismTaxon"},{"id":"T4","span":{"begin":238,"end":247},"obj":"OrganismTaxon"}],"attributes":[{"id":"A1","pred":"db_id","subj":"T1","obj":"7955"},{"id":"A2","pred":"db_id","subj":"T2","obj":"7955"},{"id":"A3","pred":"db_id","subj":"T3","obj":"7955"},{"id":"A4","pred":"db_id","subj":"T4","obj":"7955"}],"text":"Structures and developmental alterations of N-glycans of zebrafish embryos.\nZebrafish is a model organism suitable for studying vertebrate development. We analyzed the N-glycan structures of zebrafish embryos and their alterations during zebrafish embryogenesis to obtain basic data for studying the roles of N-glycosylation. Multiple modes of high-performance liquid chromatography and multistage mass spectrometry were used for structural analysis of N-glycans. The N-glycans from deyolked embryos at 36 hours postfertilization, a mid-pharyngula stage, contained relatively higher amounts of complex- and hybrid-type glycans with LacNAc (Galβ1-4GlcNAc) and/or sialyl LacNAc without additional β1,4-Gal, which are commonly found in mammalian tissues, as well as abundant oligomannose-type glycans. Some of the complex- and hybrid-type glycans possessed various extended LacNAc structures, such as Galβ1-4LacNAc, LacNAc-repeat or unique (+/- dHex)-GalNAcα1-GlcNAcβ1-LacNAc. In contrast, the yolk of the embryo contains predominant oligomannose-type glycans and complex-type glycans with Galβ1-4(Siaα2-3)Galβ1-4(Fucα1-3)GlcNAc antennae. N-Glycan profiles obtained from deyolked embryos at different stages showed stage-dependent variation of complex- and hybrid-type glycans. At gastrula and early segmentation stages, complex- and hybrid-type glycans were minor components, and their antenna structures were mainly sialyl LacdiNAc (Siaα2-6GalNAcβ1-4GlcNAc). From the mid-segmentation to pharyngula stages, those with LacNAc and/or α2,6-sialyl LacNAc antenna structures increased remarkably, and those with α2,3-sialyl LacNAc antenna, core α1,6-Fuc and bisecting GlcNAc modifications increased gradually. These results suggest the presence of mechanisms for regulating the antenna structures of complex/hybrid N-glycan biosynthesis in the phylotypic stage of vertebrate development."}

{"project":"GlyCosmos15-UBERON","denotations":[{"id":"T1","span":{"begin":97,"end":105},"obj":"Body_part"},{"id":"T2","span":{"begin":991,"end":995},"obj":"Body_part"},{"id":"T4","span":{"begin":1003,"end":1009},"obj":"Body_part"},{"id":"T5","span":{"begin":1278,"end":1286},"obj":"Body_part"},{"id":"T6","span":{"begin":1384,"end":1391},"obj":"Body_part"},{"id":"T7","span":{"begin":1550,"end":1557},"obj":"Body_part"},{"id":"T8","span":{"begin":1625,"end":1632},"obj":"Body_part"},{"id":"T9","span":{"begin":1772,"end":1779},"obj":"Body_part"}],"attributes":[{"id":"A1","pred":"uberon_id","subj":"T1","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000468"},{"id":"A2","pred":"uberon_id","subj":"T2","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007378"},{"id":"A3","pred":"uberon_id","subj":"T2","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_2000084"},{"id":"A4","pred":"uberon_id","subj":"T4","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000922"},{"id":"A5","pred":"uberon_id","subj":"T5","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004734"},{"id":"A6","pred":"uberon_id","subj":"T6","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000972"},{"id":"A7","pred":"uberon_id","subj":"T7","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000972"},{"id":"A8","pred":"uberon_id","subj":"T8","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000972"},{"id":"A9","pred":"uberon_id","subj":"T9","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000972"}],"text":"Structures and developmental alterations of N-glycans of zebrafish embryos.\nZebrafish is a model organism suitable for studying vertebrate development. We analyzed the N-glycan structures of zebrafish embryos and their alterations during zebrafish embryogenesis to obtain basic data for studying the roles of N-glycosylation. Multiple modes of high-performance liquid chromatography and multistage mass spectrometry were used for structural analysis of N-glycans. The N-glycans from deyolked embryos at 36 hours postfertilization, a mid-pharyngula stage, contained relatively higher amounts of complex- and hybrid-type glycans with LacNAc (Galβ1-4GlcNAc) and/or sialyl LacNAc without additional β1,4-Gal, which are commonly found in mammalian tissues, as well as abundant oligomannose-type glycans. Some of the complex- and hybrid-type glycans possessed various extended LacNAc structures, such as Galβ1-4LacNAc, LacNAc-repeat or unique (+/- dHex)-GalNAcα1-GlcNAcβ1-LacNAc. In contrast, the yolk of the embryo contains predominant oligomannose-type glycans and complex-type glycans with Galβ1-4(Siaα2-3)Galβ1-4(Fucα1-3)GlcNAc antennae. N-Glycan profiles obtained from deyolked embryos at different stages showed stage-dependent variation of complex- and hybrid-type glycans. At gastrula and early segmentation stages, complex- and hybrid-type glycans were minor components, and their antenna structures were mainly sialyl LacdiNAc (Siaα2-6GalNAcβ1-4GlcNAc). From the mid-segmentation to pharyngula stages, those with LacNAc and/or α2,6-sialyl LacNAc antenna structures increased remarkably, and those with α2,3-sialyl LacNAc antenna, core α1,6-Fuc and bisecting GlcNAc modifications increased gradually. These results suggest the presence of mechanisms for regulating the antenna structures of complex/hybrid N-glycan biosynthesis in the phylotypic stage of vertebrate development."}

{"project":"GlyCosmos15-MAT","denotations":[{"id":"T1","span":{"begin":67,"end":74},"obj":"Body_part"},{"id":"T2","span":{"begin":128,"end":138},"obj":"Body_part"},{"id":"T3","span":{"begin":201,"end":208},"obj":"Body_part"},{"id":"T4","span":{"begin":492,"end":499},"obj":"Body_part"},{"id":"T5","span":{"begin":1003,"end":1009},"obj":"Body_part"},{"id":"T6","span":{"begin":1126,"end":1134},"obj":"Body_part"},{"id":"T7","span":{"begin":1177,"end":1184},"obj":"Body_part"},{"id":"T8","span":{"begin":1278,"end":1286},"obj":"Body_part"},{"id":"T10","span":{"begin":1384,"end":1391},"obj":"Body_part"},{"id":"T11","span":{"begin":1550,"end":1557},"obj":"Body_part"},{"id":"T12","span":{"begin":1625,"end":1632},"obj":"Body_part"},{"id":"T13","span":{"begin":1772,"end":1779},"obj":"Body_part"},{"id":"T14","span":{"begin":1858,"end":1868},"obj":"Body_part"}],"attributes":[{"id":"A1","pred":"mat_id","subj":"T1","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MAT_0000226"},{"id":"A2","pred":"mat_id","subj":"T2","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MAT_0000373"},{"id":"A3","pred":"mat_id","subj":"T3","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MAT_0000226"},{"id":"A4","pred":"mat_id","subj":"T4","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MAT_0000226"},{"id":"A5","pred":"mat_id","subj":"T5","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MAT_0000226"},{"id":"A6","pred":"mat_id","subj":"T6","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MAT_0000086"},{"id":"A7","pred":"mat_id","subj":"T7","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MAT_0000226"},{"id":"A8","pred":"mat_id","subj":"T8","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MAT_0000179"},{"id":"A9","pred":"mat_id","subj":"T8","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MAT_0000063"},{"id":"A10","pred":"mat_id","subj":"T10","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MAT_0000086"},{"id":"A11","pred":"mat_id","subj":"T11","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MAT_0000086"},{"id":"A12","pred":"mat_id","subj":"T12","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MAT_0000086"},{"id":"A13","pred":"mat_id","subj":"T13","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MAT_0000086"},{"id":"A14","pred":"mat_id","subj":"T14","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MAT_0000373"}],"text":"Structures and developmental alterations of N-glycans of zebrafish embryos.\nZebrafish is a model organism suitable for studying vertebrate development. We analyzed the N-glycan structures of zebrafish embryos and their alterations during zebrafish embryogenesis to obtain basic data for studying the roles of N-glycosylation. Multiple modes of high-performance liquid chromatography and multistage mass spectrometry were used for structural analysis of N-glycans. The N-glycans from deyolked embryos at 36 hours postfertilization, a mid-pharyngula stage, contained relatively higher amounts of complex- and hybrid-type glycans with LacNAc (Galβ1-4GlcNAc) and/or sialyl LacNAc without additional β1,4-Gal, which are commonly found in mammalian tissues, as well as abundant oligomannose-type glycans. Some of the complex- and hybrid-type glycans possessed various extended LacNAc structures, such as Galβ1-4LacNAc, LacNAc-repeat or unique (+/- dHex)-GalNAcα1-GlcNAcβ1-LacNAc. In contrast, the yolk of the embryo contains predominant oligomannose-type glycans and complex-type glycans with Galβ1-4(Siaα2-3)Galβ1-4(Fucα1-3)GlcNAc antennae. N-Glycan profiles obtained from deyolked embryos at different stages showed stage-dependent variation of complex- and hybrid-type glycans. At gastrula and early segmentation stages, complex- and hybrid-type glycans were minor components, and their antenna structures were mainly sialyl LacdiNAc (Siaα2-6GalNAcβ1-4GlcNAc). From the mid-segmentation to pharyngula stages, those with LacNAc and/or α2,6-sialyl LacNAc antenna structures increased remarkably, and those with α2,3-sialyl LacNAc antenna, core α1,6-Fuc and bisecting GlcNAc modifications increased gradually. These results suggest the presence of mechanisms for regulating the antenna structures of complex/hybrid N-glycan biosynthesis in the phylotypic stage of vertebrate development."}

{"project":"sentences","denotations":[{"id":"TextSentencer_T1","span":{"begin":0,"end":75},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"TextSentencer_T2","span":{"begin":76,"end":151},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"TextSentencer_T3","span":{"begin":152,"end":325},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"TextSentencer_T4","span":{"begin":326,"end":463},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"TextSentencer_T5","span":{"begin":464,"end":798},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"TextSentencer_T6","span":{"begin":799,"end":973},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"TextSentencer_T7","span":{"begin":974,"end":1135},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"TextSentencer_T8","span":{"begin":1136,"end":1274},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"TextSentencer_T9","span":{"begin":1275,"end":1457},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"TextSentencer_T10","span":{"begin":1458,"end":1703},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"TextSentencer_T11","span":{"begin":1704,"end":1881},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T1","span":{"begin":0,"end":75},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T2","span":{"begin":76,"end":151},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T3","span":{"begin":152,"end":325},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T4","span":{"begin":326,"end":463},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T5","span":{"begin":464,"end":798},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T6","span":{"begin":799,"end":973},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T7","span":{"begin":974,"end":1135},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T8","span":{"begin":1136,"end":1274},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T9","span":{"begin":1275,"end":1457},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T10","span":{"begin":1458,"end":1703},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T11","span":{"begin":1704,"end":1881},"obj":"Sentence"}],"namespaces":[{"prefix":"_base","uri":"http://pubannotation.org/ontology/tao.owl#"}],"text":"Structures and developmental alterations of N-glycans of zebrafish embryos.\nZebrafish is a model organism suitable for studying vertebrate development. We analyzed the N-glycan structures of zebrafish embryos and their alterations during zebrafish embryogenesis to obtain basic data for studying the roles of N-glycosylation. Multiple modes of high-performance liquid chromatography and multistage mass spectrometry were used for structural analysis of N-glycans. The N-glycans from deyolked embryos at 36 hours postfertilization, a mid-pharyngula stage, contained relatively higher amounts of complex- and hybrid-type glycans with LacNAc (Galβ1-4GlcNAc) and/or sialyl LacNAc without additional β1,4-Gal, which are commonly found in mammalian tissues, as well as abundant oligomannose-type glycans. Some of the complex- and hybrid-type glycans possessed various extended LacNAc structures, such as Galβ1-4LacNAc, LacNAc-repeat or unique (+/- dHex)-GalNAcα1-GlcNAcβ1-LacNAc. In contrast, the yolk of the embryo contains predominant oligomannose-type glycans and complex-type glycans with Galβ1-4(Siaα2-3)Galβ1-4(Fucα1-3)GlcNAc antennae. N-Glycan profiles obtained from deyolked embryos at different stages showed stage-dependent variation of complex- and hybrid-type glycans. At gastrula and early segmentation stages, complex- and hybrid-type glycans were minor components, and their antenna structures were mainly sialyl LacdiNAc (Siaα2-6GalNAcβ1-4GlcNAc). From the mid-segmentation to pharyngula stages, those with LacNAc and/or α2,6-sialyl LacNAc antenna structures increased remarkably, and those with α2,3-sialyl LacNAc antenna, core α1,6-Fuc and bisecting GlcNAc modifications increased gradually. These results suggest the presence of mechanisms for regulating the antenna structures of complex/hybrid N-glycan biosynthesis in the phylotypic stage of vertebrate development."}

{"project":"GlyCosmos15-Sentences","blocks":[{"id":"T1","span":{"begin":0,"end":75},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T2","span":{"begin":76,"end":151},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T3","span":{"begin":152,"end":325},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T4","span":{"begin":326,"end":463},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T5","span":{"begin":464,"end":798},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T6","span":{"begin":799,"end":973},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T7","span":{"begin":974,"end":1135},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T8","span":{"begin":1136,"end":1274},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T9","span":{"begin":1275,"end":1457},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T10","span":{"begin":1458,"end":1703},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T11","span":{"begin":1704,"end":1881},"obj":"Sentence"}],"text":"Structures and developmental alterations of N-glycans of zebrafish embryos.\nZebrafish is a model organism suitable for studying vertebrate development. We analyzed the N-glycan structures of zebrafish embryos and their alterations during zebrafish embryogenesis to obtain basic data for studying the roles of N-glycosylation. Multiple modes of high-performance liquid chromatography and multistage mass spectrometry were used for structural analysis of N-glycans. The N-glycans from deyolked embryos at 36 hours postfertilization, a mid-pharyngula stage, contained relatively higher amounts of complex- and hybrid-type glycans with LacNAc (Galβ1-4GlcNAc) and/or sialyl LacNAc without additional β1,4-Gal, which are commonly found in mammalian tissues, as well as abundant oligomannose-type glycans. Some of the complex- and hybrid-type glycans possessed various extended LacNAc structures, such as Galβ1-4LacNAc, LacNAc-repeat or unique (+/- dHex)-GalNAcα1-GlcNAcβ1-LacNAc. In contrast, the yolk of the embryo contains predominant oligomannose-type glycans and complex-type glycans with Galβ1-4(Siaα2-3)Galβ1-4(Fucα1-3)GlcNAc antennae. N-Glycan profiles obtained from deyolked embryos at different stages showed stage-dependent variation of complex- and hybrid-type glycans. At gastrula and early segmentation stages, complex- and hybrid-type glycans were minor components, and their antenna structures were mainly sialyl LacdiNAc (Siaα2-6GalNAcβ1-4GlcNAc). From the mid-segmentation to pharyngula stages, those with LacNAc and/or α2,6-sialyl LacNAc antenna structures increased remarkably, and those with α2,3-sialyl LacNAc antenna, core α1,6-Fuc and bisecting GlcNAc modifications increased gradually. These results suggest the presence of mechanisms for regulating the antenna structures of complex/hybrid N-glycan biosynthesis in the phylotypic stage of vertebrate development."}

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{"project":"NCBITAXON","denotations":[{"id":"T1","span":{"begin":57,"end":66},"obj":"OrganismTaxon"},{"id":"T2","span":{"begin":76,"end":85},"obj":"OrganismTaxon"},{"id":"T3","span":{"begin":191,"end":200},"obj":"OrganismTaxon"},{"id":"T4","span":{"begin":238,"end":247},"obj":"OrganismTaxon"}],"attributes":[{"id":"A1","pred":"db_id","subj":"T1","obj":"7955"},{"id":"A2","pred":"db_id","subj":"T2","obj":"7955"},{"id":"A3","pred":"db_id","subj":"T3","obj":"7955"},{"id":"A4","pred":"db_id","subj":"T4","obj":"7955"}],"text":"Structures and developmental alterations of N-glycans of zebrafish embryos.\nZebrafish is a model organism suitable for studying vertebrate development. We analyzed the N-glycan structures of zebrafish embryos and their alterations during zebrafish embryogenesis to obtain basic data for studying the roles of N-glycosylation. Multiple modes of high-performance liquid chromatography and multistage mass spectrometry were used for structural analysis of N-glycans. The N-glycans from deyolked embryos at 36 hours postfertilization, a mid-pharyngula stage, contained relatively higher amounts of complex- and hybrid-type glycans with LacNAc (Galβ1-4GlcNAc) and/or sialyl LacNAc without additional β1,4-Gal, which are commonly found in mammalian tissues, as well as abundant oligomannose-type glycans. Some of the complex- and hybrid-type glycans possessed various extended LacNAc structures, such as Galβ1-4LacNAc, LacNAc-repeat or unique (+/- dHex)-GalNAcα1-GlcNAcβ1-LacNAc. In contrast, the yolk of the embryo contains predominant oligomannose-type glycans and complex-type glycans with Galβ1-4(Siaα2-3)Galβ1-4(Fucα1-3)GlcNAc antennae. N-Glycan profiles obtained from deyolked embryos at different stages showed stage-dependent variation of complex- and hybrid-type glycans. At gastrula and early segmentation stages, complex- and hybrid-type glycans were minor components, and their antenna structures were mainly sialyl LacdiNAc (Siaα2-6GalNAcβ1-4GlcNAc). From the mid-segmentation to pharyngula stages, those with LacNAc and/or α2,6-sialyl LacNAc antenna structures increased remarkably, and those with α2,3-sialyl LacNAc antenna, core α1,6-Fuc and bisecting GlcNAc modifications increased gradually. These results suggest the presence of mechanisms for regulating the antenna structures of complex/hybrid N-glycan biosynthesis in the phylotypic stage of vertebrate development."}

{"project":"Anatomy-UBERON","denotations":[{"id":"T1","span":{"begin":97,"end":105},"obj":"Body_part"},{"id":"T2","span":{"begin":991,"end":995},"obj":"Body_part"},{"id":"T4","span":{"begin":1003,"end":1009},"obj":"Body_part"},{"id":"T5","span":{"begin":1278,"end":1286},"obj":"Body_part"},{"id":"T6","span":{"begin":1384,"end":1391},"obj":"Body_part"},{"id":"T7","span":{"begin":1550,"end":1557},"obj":"Body_part"},{"id":"T8","span":{"begin":1625,"end":1632},"obj":"Body_part"},{"id":"T9","span":{"begin":1772,"end":1779},"obj":"Body_part"}],"attributes":[{"id":"A1","pred":"uberon_id","subj":"T1","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000468"},{"id":"A2","pred":"uberon_id","subj":"T2","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007378"},{"id":"A3","pred":"uberon_id","subj":"T2","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_2000084"},{"id":"A4","pred":"uberon_id","subj":"T4","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000922"},{"id":"A5","pred":"uberon_id","subj":"T5","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004734"},{"id":"A6","pred":"uberon_id","subj":"T6","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000972"},{"id":"A7","pred":"uberon_id","subj":"T7","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000972"},{"id":"A8","pred":"uberon_id","subj":"T8","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000972"},{"id":"A9","pred":"uberon_id","subj":"T9","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000972"}],"text":"Structures and developmental alterations of N-glycans of zebrafish embryos.\nZebrafish is a model organism suitable for studying vertebrate development. We analyzed the N-glycan structures of zebrafish embryos and their alterations during zebrafish embryogenesis to obtain basic data for studying the roles of N-glycosylation. Multiple modes of high-performance liquid chromatography and multistage mass spectrometry were used for structural analysis of N-glycans. The N-glycans from deyolked embryos at 36 hours postfertilization, a mid-pharyngula stage, contained relatively higher amounts of complex- and hybrid-type glycans with LacNAc (Galβ1-4GlcNAc) and/or sialyl LacNAc without additional β1,4-Gal, which are commonly found in mammalian tissues, as well as abundant oligomannose-type glycans. Some of the complex- and hybrid-type glycans possessed various extended LacNAc structures, such as Galβ1-4LacNAc, LacNAc-repeat or unique (+/- dHex)-GalNAcα1-GlcNAcβ1-LacNAc. In contrast, the yolk of the embryo contains predominant oligomannose-type glycans and complex-type glycans with Galβ1-4(Siaα2-3)Galβ1-4(Fucα1-3)GlcNAc antennae. N-Glycan profiles obtained from deyolked embryos at different stages showed stage-dependent variation of complex- and hybrid-type glycans. At gastrula and early segmentation stages, complex- and hybrid-type glycans were minor components, and their antenna structures were mainly sialyl LacdiNAc (Siaα2-6GalNAcβ1-4GlcNAc). From the mid-segmentation to pharyngula stages, those with LacNAc and/or α2,6-sialyl LacNAc antenna structures increased remarkably, and those with α2,3-sialyl LacNAc antenna, core α1,6-Fuc and bisecting GlcNAc modifications increased gradually. These results suggest the presence of mechanisms for regulating the antenna structures of complex/hybrid N-glycan biosynthesis in the phylotypic stage of vertebrate development."}