PubMed:2303461
Annnotations
{"target":"https://pubannotation.org/docs/sourcedb/PubMed/sourceid/2303461","sourcedb":"PubMed","sourceid":"2303461","source_url":"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2303461","text":"A missense mutation at Ile172----Asn or Arg356----Trp causes steroid 21-hydroxylase deficiency.\nCongenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) is a common recessive genetic disease caused mainly by steroid 21-hydroxylase (P450c21) deficiency. Many forms of CAH exist resulting from various mutations of the CYP21B gene. We sequenced CYP21B cDNA from a normal person and its genes from a patient with simple virilizing CAH. When comparing several CYP21B sequences, we found it was polymorphic. In the patient, a single base substitution replaced Ile172 (ATC) with Asn (AAC) in one allele while Arg356 (CGG) was converted to Trp (TGG) in the other. A normal P450c21 cDNA clone was transfected into COS-1 cells to produce 21-hydroxylase activity toward its substrates, progesterone and 17-hydroxyprogesterone. Mutants corresponding to Asn172 or Trp356 mutation were constructed by site-directed mutagenesis of the normal c21 cDNA clone. They failed to produce active enzyme toward either substrate upon transfection into COS-1 cells, demonstrating that these mutations caused CAH. Aligning sequences with other P450s, Ile172 could be located in the membrane anchoring domain and Arg356 in the substrate-binding site of P450c21. Both mutations are present in the CYP21A1P pseudogene, suggesting that they may be transferred from CYP21A1P by gene conversion 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