PubMed:22454465 JSONTXT

{"target":"http://pubannotation.org/docs/sourcedb/PubMed/sourceid/22454465","sourcedb":"PubMed","sourceid":"22454465","source_url":"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22454465","text":"Impact of persistent HIV replication on CD4 negative Vγ2Vδ2 T cells.\nBACKGROUND: CD4- Vγ2Vδ2 T cells are depleted during human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection but can recover to near normal levels in patients who spontaneously control viremia in the absence of therapy. By contrasting Vγ2Vδ2 T-cell numbers, phenotype, and T-cell receptor (TCR) repertoire, we investigate the dynamic tension between active immunity and progressive T-cell destruction during persistent viremia.\nMETHODS: Peripheral blood Vγ2Vδ2 T-cell levels and phenotypes were characterized by flow cytometry. Lymphoproliferation assays measured functional responses. Spectratyping characterized damage to the TCR repertoire.\nRESULTS: Levels, responses to antigen and the proportion of T effector memory Vγ2Vδ2 T cells in patients with persistent viremia, were intermediate between patients with natural virus suppression (NVS) and patients receiving antiretroviral therapy. Damage to the TCR γ-2 chain repertoire and depletion of CD56+ Vγ2Vδ2 T cells were more pronounced in viremic patients, compared with antiretroviral therapy recipients and patients with natural virus suppression.\nCONCLUSIONS: Characteristics of Vγ2Vδ2 T cells in viremic patients reflect both active responses (increasing cell numbers, better antigen responses, and higher proportion of effector memory cells) and ongoing damage (repertoire changes and loss of CD56+ cells). Unlike patients who control viremia to undetectable levels, Vγ2Vδ2 T cells are diminished during persistent viremia and may eventually be lost because of progressive destruction of the TCR repertoire.","tracks":[{"project":"Inflammaging","denotations":[{"id":"T1","span":{"begin":0,"end":68},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T2","span":{"begin":69,"end":276},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T3","span":{"begin":277,"end":484},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T4","span":{"begin":485,"end":493},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T5","span":{"begin":494,"end":584},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T6","span":{"begin":585,"end":642},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T7","span":{"begin":643,"end":700},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T8","span":{"begin":701,"end":709},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T9","span":{"begin":710,"end":949},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T10","span":{"begin":950,"end":1161},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T11","span":{"begin":1162,"end":1174},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T12","span":{"begin":1175,"end":1423},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T13","span":{"begin":1424,"end":1624},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T1","span":{"begin":0,"end":68},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T2","span":{"begin":69,"end":276},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T3","span":{"begin":277,"end":484},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T4","span":{"begin":485,"end":493},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T5","span":{"begin":494,"end":584},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T6","span":{"begin":585,"end":642},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T7","span":{"begin":643,"end":700},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T8","span":{"begin":701,"end":709},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T9","span":{"begin":710,"end":949},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T10","span":{"begin":950,"end":1161},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T11","span":{"begin":1162,"end":1174},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T12","span":{"begin":1175,"end":1423},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T13","span":{"begin":1424,"end":1624},"obj":"Sentence"}],"attributes":[{"subj":"T1","pred":"source","obj":"Inflammaging"},{"subj":"T2","pred":"source","obj":"Inflammaging"},{"subj":"T3","pred":"source","obj":"Inflammaging"},{"subj":"T4","pred":"source","obj":"Inflammaging"},{"subj":"T5","pred":"source","obj":"Inflammaging"},{"subj":"T6","pred":"source","obj":"Inflammaging"},{"subj":"T7","pred":"source","obj":"Inflammaging"},{"subj":"T8","pred":"source","obj":"Inflammaging"},{"subj":"T9","pred":"source","obj":"Inflammaging"},{"subj":"T10","pred":"source","obj":"Inflammaging"},{"subj":"T11","pred":"source","obj":"Inflammaging"},{"subj":"T12","pred":"source","obj":"Inflammaging"},{"subj":"T13","pred":"source","obj":"Inflammaging"},{"subj":"T1","pred":"source","obj":"Inflammaging"},{"subj":"T2","pred":"source","obj":"Inflammaging"},{"subj":"T3","pred":"source","obj":"Inflammaging"},{"subj":"T4","pred":"source","obj":"Inflammaging"},{"subj":"T5","pred":"source","obj":"Inflammaging"},{"subj":"T6","pred":"source","obj":"Inflammaging"},{"subj":"T7","pred":"source","obj":"Inflammaging"},{"subj":"T8","pred":"source","obj":"Inflammaging"},{"subj":"T9","pred":"source","obj":"Inflammaging"},{"subj":"T10","pred":"source","obj":"Inflammaging"},{"subj":"T11","pred":"source","obj":"Inflammaging"},{"subj":"T12","pred":"source","obj":"Inflammaging"},{"subj":"T13","pred":"source","obj":"Inflammaging"}]},{"project":"Allie","denotations":[{"id":"SS1_22454465_2_0","span":{"begin":121,"end":149},"obj":"expanded"},{"id":"SS2_22454465_2_0","span":{"begin":151,"end":154},"obj":"abbr"},{"id":"SS1_22454465_3_0","span":{"begin":330,"end":345},"obj":"expanded"},{"id":"SS2_22454465_3_0","span":{"begin":347,"end":350},"obj":"abbr"},{"id":"SS1_22454465_9_0","span":{"begin":871,"end":896},"obj":"expanded"},{"id":"SS2_22454465_9_0","span":{"begin":898,"end":901},"obj":"abbr"}],"relations":[{"id":"AE1_22454465_2_0","pred":"abbreviatedTo","subj":"SS1_22454465_2_0","obj":"SS2_22454465_2_0"},{"id":"AE1_22454465_3_0","pred":"abbreviatedTo","subj":"SS1_22454465_3_0","obj":"SS2_22454465_3_0"},{"id":"AE1_22454465_9_0","pred":"abbreviatedTo","subj":"SS1_22454465_9_0","obj":"SS2_22454465_9_0"}],"attributes":[{"subj":"SS1_22454465_2_0","pred":"source","obj":"Allie"},{"subj":"SS2_22454465_2_0","pred":"source","obj":"Allie"},{"subj":"SS1_22454465_3_0","pred":"source","obj":"Allie"},{"subj":"SS2_22454465_3_0","pred":"source","obj":"Allie"},{"subj":"SS1_22454465_9_0","pred":"source","obj":"Allie"},{"subj":"SS2_22454465_9_0","pred":"source","obj":"Allie"}]},{"project":"PubmedHPO","denotations":[{"id":"T1","span":{"begin":127,"end":143},"obj":"HP_0002721"}],"attributes":[{"subj":"T1","pred":"source","obj":"PubmedHPO"}]}],"config":{"attribute types":[{"pred":"source","value type":"selection","values":[{"id":"Inflammaging","color":"#93ecd1","default":true},{"id":"Allie","color":"#ecb693"},{"id":"PubmedHPO","color":"#9c93ec"}]}]}}