PubMed:21189258 JSONTXT

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    Inflammaging

    {"project":"Inflammaging","denotations":[{"id":"T1","span":{"begin":0,"end":140},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T2","span":{"begin":141,"end":213},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T3","span":{"begin":214,"end":310},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T4","span":{"begin":311,"end":454},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T5","span":{"begin":455,"end":618},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T6","span":{"begin":619,"end":766},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T7","span":{"begin":767,"end":938},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T8","span":{"begin":939,"end":1074},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T9","span":{"begin":1075,"end":1260},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T10","span":{"begin":1261,"end":1376},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T11","span":{"begin":1377,"end":1519},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T12","span":{"begin":1520,"end":1739},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T13","span":{"begin":1740,"end":1875},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T1","span":{"begin":0,"end":140},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T2","span":{"begin":141,"end":213},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T3","span":{"begin":214,"end":310},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T4","span":{"begin":311,"end":454},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T5","span":{"begin":455,"end":618},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T6","span":{"begin":619,"end":766},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T7","span":{"begin":767,"end":938},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T8","span":{"begin":939,"end":1074},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T9","span":{"begin":1075,"end":1260},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T10","span":{"begin":1261,"end":1376},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T11","span":{"begin":1377,"end":1519},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T12","span":{"begin":1520,"end":1739},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T13","span":{"begin":1740,"end":1875},"obj":"Sentence"}],"text":"Inhibition of proinflammatory RANTES expression by TGF-beta1 is mediated by glycogen synthase kinase-3beta-dependent beta-catenin signaling.\nTGF-β1 is a pleiotropic cytokine with potent anti-inflammation property. However, the mechanisms underlying TGF-β1 suppression of inflammation remain largely unexplored. In this study, we demonstrated that TGF-β1 inhibited TNF-α- or IL-1-induced RANTES expression in human kidney tubular epithelial cells (HKC-8). To delineate the mechanism by which TGF-β1 inhibits RANTES expression, we examined the potential signal pathway activated by TGF-β1 in suppressing NF-κB signaling. TGF-β1 affected neither TNF-α-induced IκBα phosphorylation and subsequent degradation, nor p65 NF-κB phosphorylation and its nuclear translocation. However, TGF-β1 could inhibit p65 and p50 binding to the κB site in human RANTES promoter as revealed by chromatin immunoprecipitation assay and protein-DNA binding assay. We found that TGF-β1 induced glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK-3β) phosphorylation on Ser-9 in HKC-8 cells, leading to its inactivation. Knockdown of GSK-3β mimicked TGF-β1 and inhibited RANTES induction, whereas overexpression of GSK-3β abolished the inhibitory effect of TGF-β1 and completely restored RANTES expression. Furthermore, TGF-β1 induced the dephosphorylation and activation of β-catenin, a major downstream target of GSK-3β. Ectopic expression of constitutively active β-catenin mimicked the TGF-β1 effect and completely suppressed RANTES expression induced by TNF-α. Interestingly, TGF-β1 induced a physical interaction between β-catenin and p65 NF-κB, which prevented p65 binding to the κB site, sequestered its trans-activating activity, and repressed p65-mediated gene transcription. We conclude that TGF-β1 inhibition of proinflammatory RANTES expression is mediated by β-catenin-triggered blockade of NF-κB signaling."}

    sentences

    {"project":"sentences","denotations":[{"id":"T1","span":{"begin":0,"end":140},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T2","span":{"begin":141,"end":213},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T3","span":{"begin":214,"end":310},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T4","span":{"begin":311,"end":454},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T5","span":{"begin":455,"end":618},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T6","span":{"begin":619,"end":766},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T7","span":{"begin":767,"end":938},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T8","span":{"begin":939,"end":1074},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T9","span":{"begin":1075,"end":1260},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T10","span":{"begin":1261,"end":1376},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T11","span":{"begin":1377,"end":1519},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T12","span":{"begin":1520,"end":1739},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T13","span":{"begin":1740,"end":1875},"obj":"Sentence"}],"namespaces":[{"prefix":"_base","uri":"http://pubannotation.org/ontology/tao.owl#"}],"text":"Inhibition of proinflammatory RANTES expression by TGF-beta1 is mediated by glycogen synthase kinase-3beta-dependent beta-catenin signaling.\nTGF-β1 is a pleiotropic cytokine with potent anti-inflammation property. However, the mechanisms underlying TGF-β1 suppression of inflammation remain largely unexplored. In this study, we demonstrated that TGF-β1 inhibited TNF-α- or IL-1-induced RANTES expression in human kidney tubular epithelial cells (HKC-8). To delineate the mechanism by which TGF-β1 inhibits RANTES expression, we examined the potential signal pathway activated by TGF-β1 in suppressing NF-κB signaling. TGF-β1 affected neither TNF-α-induced IκBα phosphorylation and subsequent degradation, nor p65 NF-κB phosphorylation and its nuclear translocation. However, TGF-β1 could inhibit p65 and p50 binding to the κB site in human RANTES promoter as revealed by chromatin immunoprecipitation assay and protein-DNA binding assay. We found that TGF-β1 induced glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK-3β) phosphorylation on Ser-9 in HKC-8 cells, leading to its inactivation. Knockdown of GSK-3β mimicked TGF-β1 and inhibited RANTES induction, whereas overexpression of GSK-3β abolished the inhibitory effect of TGF-β1 and completely restored RANTES expression. Furthermore, TGF-β1 induced the dephosphorylation and activation of β-catenin, a major downstream target of GSK-3β. Ectopic expression of constitutively active β-catenin mimicked the TGF-β1 effect and completely suppressed RANTES expression induced by TNF-α. Interestingly, TGF-β1 induced a physical interaction between β-catenin and p65 NF-κB, which prevented p65 binding to the κB site, sequestered its trans-activating activity, and repressed p65-mediated gene transcription. We conclude that TGF-β1 inhibition of proinflammatory RANTES expression is mediated by β-catenin-triggered blockade of NF-κB signaling."}

    Glycosmos6-MAT

    {"project":"Glycosmos6-MAT","denotations":[{"id":"T1","span":{"begin":414,"end":420},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MAT_0000119"}],"text":"Inhibition of proinflammatory RANTES expression by TGF-beta1 is mediated by glycogen synthase kinase-3beta-dependent beta-catenin signaling.\nTGF-β1 is a pleiotropic cytokine with potent anti-inflammation property. However, the mechanisms underlying TGF-β1 suppression of inflammation remain largely unexplored. In this study, we demonstrated that TGF-β1 inhibited TNF-α- or IL-1-induced RANTES expression in human kidney tubular epithelial cells (HKC-8). To delineate the mechanism by which TGF-β1 inhibits RANTES expression, we examined the potential signal pathway activated by TGF-β1 in suppressing NF-κB signaling. TGF-β1 affected neither TNF-α-induced IκBα phosphorylation and subsequent degradation, nor p65 NF-κB phosphorylation and its nuclear translocation. However, TGF-β1 could inhibit p65 and p50 binding to the κB site in human RANTES promoter as revealed by chromatin immunoprecipitation assay and protein-DNA binding assay. We found that TGF-β1 induced glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK-3β) phosphorylation on Ser-9 in HKC-8 cells, leading to its inactivation. Knockdown of GSK-3β mimicked TGF-β1 and inhibited RANTES induction, whereas overexpression of GSK-3β abolished the inhibitory effect of TGF-β1 and completely restored RANTES expression. Furthermore, TGF-β1 induced the dephosphorylation and activation of β-catenin, a major downstream target of GSK-3β. Ectopic expression of constitutively active β-catenin mimicked the TGF-β1 effect and completely suppressed RANTES expression induced by TNF-α. Interestingly, TGF-β1 induced a physical interaction between β-catenin and p65 NF-κB, which prevented p65 binding to the κB site, sequestered its trans-activating activity, and repressed p65-mediated gene transcription. We conclude that TGF-β1 inhibition of proinflammatory RANTES expression is mediated by β-catenin-triggered blockade of NF-κB signaling."}

    bionlp-st-pc-2013-training

    {"project":"bionlp-st-pc-2013-training","denotations":[{"id":"T1","span":{"begin":30,"end":36},"obj":"Gene_or_gene_product"},{"id":"T2","span":{"begin":51,"end":60},"obj":"Gene_or_gene_product"},{"id":"T3","span":{"begin":76,"end":106},"obj":"Gene_or_gene_product"},{"id":"T4","span":{"begin":117,"end":129},"obj":"Gene_or_gene_product"},{"id":"T5","span":{"begin":141,"end":147},"obj":"Gene_or_gene_product"},{"id":"T6","span":{"begin":249,"end":255},"obj":"Gene_or_gene_product"},{"id":"T7","span":{"begin":347,"end":353},"obj":"Gene_or_gene_product"},{"id":"T8","span":{"begin":364,"end":369},"obj":"Gene_or_gene_product"},{"id":"T9","span":{"begin":374,"end":378},"obj":"Gene_or_gene_product"},{"id":"T10","span":{"begin":387,"end":393},"obj":"Gene_or_gene_product"},{"id":"T11","span":{"begin":491,"end":497},"obj":"Gene_or_gene_product"},{"id":"T12","span":{"begin":507,"end":513},"obj":"Gene_or_gene_product"},{"id":"T13","span":{"begin":580,"end":586},"obj":"Gene_or_gene_product"},{"id":"T14","span":{"begin":602,"end":607},"obj":"Complex"},{"id":"T15","span":{"begin":619,"end":625},"obj":"Gene_or_gene_product"},{"id":"T16","span":{"begin":643,"end":648},"obj":"Gene_or_gene_product"},{"id":"T17","span":{"begin":657,"end":661},"obj":"Gene_or_gene_product"},{"id":"T18","span":{"begin":710,"end":713},"obj":"Gene_or_gene_product"},{"id":"T19","span":{"begin":714,"end":719},"obj":"Complex"},{"id":"T20","span":{"begin":744,"end":751},"obj":"Cellular_component"},{"id":"T21","span":{"begin":776,"end":782},"obj":"Gene_or_gene_product"},{"id":"T22","span":{"begin":797,"end":800},"obj":"Gene_or_gene_product"},{"id":"T23","span":{"begin":805,"end":808},"obj":"Gene_or_gene_product"},{"id":"T24","span":{"begin":824,"end":826},"obj":"Complex"},{"id":"T25","span":{"begin":841,"end":847},"obj":"Gene_or_gene_product"},{"id":"T26","span":{"begin":872,"end":881},"obj":"Cellular_component"},{"id":"T27","span":{"begin":953,"end":959},"obj":"Gene_or_gene_product"},{"id":"T28","span":{"begin":968,"end":995},"obj":"Gene_or_gene_product"},{"id":"T29","span":{"begin":997,"end":1003},"obj":"Gene_or_gene_product"},{"id":"T30","span":{"begin":1024,"end":1029},"obj":"Simple_chemical"},{"id":"T31","span":{"begin":1088,"end":1094},"obj":"Gene_or_gene_product"},{"id":"T32","span":{"begin":1104,"end":1110},"obj":"Gene_or_gene_product"},{"id":"T33","span":{"begin":1125,"end":1131},"obj":"Gene_or_gene_product"},{"id":"T34","span":{"begin":1169,"end":1175},"obj":"Gene_or_gene_product"},{"id":"T35","span":{"begin":1211,"end":1217},"obj":"Gene_or_gene_product"},{"id":"T36","span":{"begin":1242,"end":1248},"obj":"Gene_or_gene_product"},{"id":"T37","span":{"begin":1274,"end":1280},"obj":"Gene_or_gene_product"},{"id":"T38","span":{"begin":1329,"end":1338},"obj":"Gene_or_gene_product"},{"id":"T39","span":{"begin":1369,"end":1375},"obj":"Gene_or_gene_product"},{"id":"T40","span":{"begin":1421,"end":1430},"obj":"Gene_or_gene_product"},{"id":"T41","span":{"begin":1444,"end":1450},"obj":"Gene_or_gene_product"},{"id":"T42","span":{"begin":1484,"end":1490},"obj":"Gene_or_gene_product"},{"id":"T43","span":{"begin":1513,"end":1518},"obj":"Gene_or_gene_product"},{"id":"T44","span":{"begin":1535,"end":1541},"obj":"Gene_or_gene_product"},{"id":"T45","span":{"begin":1581,"end":1590},"obj":"Gene_or_gene_product"},{"id":"T46","span":{"begin":1595,"end":1598},"obj":"Gene_or_gene_product"},{"id":"T47","span":{"begin":1599,"end":1604},"obj":"Complex"},{"id":"T48","span":{"begin":1622,"end":1625},"obj":"Gene_or_gene_product"},{"id":"T49","span":{"begin":1641,"end":1643},"obj":"Complex"},{"id":"T50","span":{"begin":1707,"end":1710},"obj":"Gene_or_gene_product"},{"id":"T51","span":{"begin":1757,"end":1763},"obj":"Gene_or_gene_product"},{"id":"T52","span":{"begin":1794,"end":1800},"obj":"Gene_or_gene_product"},{"id":"T53","span":{"begin":1827,"end":1836},"obj":"Gene_or_gene_product"},{"id":"T54","span":{"begin":1859,"end":1864},"obj":"Complex"}],"text":"Inhibition of proinflammatory RANTES expression by TGF-beta1 is mediated by glycogen synthase kinase-3beta-dependent beta-catenin signaling.\nTGF-β1 is a pleiotropic cytokine with potent anti-inflammation property. However, the mechanisms underlying TGF-β1 suppression of inflammation remain largely unexplored. In this study, we demonstrated that TGF-β1 inhibited TNF-α- or IL-1-induced RANTES expression in human kidney tubular epithelial cells (HKC-8). To delineate the mechanism by which TGF-β1 inhibits RANTES expression, we examined the potential signal pathway activated by TGF-β1 in suppressing NF-κB signaling. TGF-β1 affected neither TNF-α-induced IκBα phosphorylation and subsequent degradation, nor p65 NF-κB phosphorylation and its nuclear translocation. However, TGF-β1 could inhibit p65 and p50 binding to the κB site in human RANTES promoter as revealed by chromatin immunoprecipitation assay and protein-DNA binding assay. We found that TGF-β1 induced glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK-3β) phosphorylation on Ser-9 in HKC-8 cells, leading to its inactivation. Knockdown of GSK-3β mimicked TGF-β1 and inhibited RANTES induction, whereas overexpression of GSK-3β abolished the inhibitory effect of TGF-β1 and completely restored RANTES expression. Furthermore, TGF-β1 induced the dephosphorylation and activation of β-catenin, a major downstream target of GSK-3β. Ectopic expression of constitutively active β-catenin mimicked the TGF-β1 effect and completely suppressed RANTES expression induced by TNF-α. Interestingly, TGF-β1 induced a physical interaction between β-catenin and p65 NF-κB, which prevented p65 binding to the κB site, sequestered its trans-activating activity, and repressed p65-mediated gene transcription. We conclude that TGF-β1 inhibition of proinflammatory RANTES expression is mediated by β-catenin-triggered blockade of NF-κB signaling."}

    Allie

    {"project":"Allie","denotations":[{"id":"SS1_21189258_7_0","span":{"begin":968,"end":995},"obj":"expanded"},{"id":"SS2_21189258_7_0","span":{"begin":997,"end":1003},"obj":"abbr"}],"relations":[{"id":"AE1_21189258_7_0","pred":"abbreviatedTo","subj":"SS1_21189258_7_0","obj":"SS2_21189258_7_0"}],"text":"Inhibition of proinflammatory RANTES expression by TGF-beta1 is mediated by glycogen synthase kinase-3beta-dependent beta-catenin signaling.\nTGF-β1 is a pleiotropic cytokine with potent anti-inflammation property. However, the mechanisms underlying TGF-β1 suppression of inflammation remain largely unexplored. In this study, we demonstrated that TGF-β1 inhibited TNF-α- or IL-1-induced RANTES expression in human kidney tubular epithelial cells (HKC-8). To delineate the mechanism by which TGF-β1 inhibits RANTES expression, we examined the potential signal pathway activated by TGF-β1 in suppressing NF-κB signaling. TGF-β1 affected neither TNF-α-induced IκBα phosphorylation and subsequent degradation, nor p65 NF-κB phosphorylation and its nuclear translocation. However, TGF-β1 could inhibit p65 and p50 binding to the κB site in human RANTES promoter as revealed by chromatin immunoprecipitation assay and protein-DNA binding assay. We found that TGF-β1 induced glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK-3β) phosphorylation on Ser-9 in HKC-8 cells, leading to its inactivation. Knockdown of GSK-3β mimicked TGF-β1 and inhibited RANTES induction, whereas overexpression of GSK-3β abolished the inhibitory effect of TGF-β1 and completely restored RANTES expression. Furthermore, TGF-β1 induced the dephosphorylation and activation of β-catenin, a major downstream target of GSK-3β. Ectopic expression of constitutively active β-catenin mimicked the TGF-β1 effect and completely suppressed RANTES expression induced by TNF-α. Interestingly, TGF-β1 induced a physical interaction between β-catenin and p65 NF-κB, which prevented p65 binding to the κB site, sequestered its trans-activating activity, and repressed p65-mediated gene transcription. We conclude that TGF-β1 inhibition of proinflammatory RANTES expression is mediated by β-catenin-triggered blockade of NF-κB signaling."}

    mondo_disease

    {"project":"mondo_disease","denotations":[{"id":"T1","span":{"begin":191,"end":203},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"T2","span":{"begin":271,"end":283},"obj":"Disease"}],"attributes":[{"id":"A1","pred":"mondo_id","subj":"T1","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0021166"},{"id":"A2","pred":"mondo_id","subj":"T2","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0021166"}],"text":"Inhibition of proinflammatory RANTES expression by TGF-beta1 is mediated by glycogen synthase kinase-3beta-dependent beta-catenin signaling.\nTGF-β1 is a pleiotropic cytokine with potent anti-inflammation property. However, the mechanisms underlying TGF-β1 suppression of inflammation remain largely unexplored. In this study, we demonstrated that TGF-β1 inhibited TNF-α- or IL-1-induced RANTES expression in human kidney tubular epithelial cells (HKC-8). To delineate the mechanism by which TGF-β1 inhibits RANTES expression, we examined the potential signal pathway activated by TGF-β1 in suppressing NF-κB signaling. TGF-β1 affected neither TNF-α-induced IκBα phosphorylation and subsequent degradation, nor p65 NF-κB phosphorylation and its nuclear translocation. However, TGF-β1 could inhibit p65 and p50 binding to the κB site in human RANTES promoter as revealed by chromatin immunoprecipitation assay and protein-DNA binding assay. We found that TGF-β1 induced glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK-3β) phosphorylation on Ser-9 in HKC-8 cells, leading to its inactivation. Knockdown of GSK-3β mimicked TGF-β1 and inhibited RANTES induction, whereas overexpression of GSK-3β abolished the inhibitory effect of TGF-β1 and completely restored RANTES expression. Furthermore, TGF-β1 induced the dephosphorylation and activation of β-catenin, a major downstream target of GSK-3β. Ectopic expression of constitutively active β-catenin mimicked the TGF-β1 effect and completely suppressed RANTES expression induced by TNF-α. Interestingly, TGF-β1 induced a physical interaction between β-catenin and p65 NF-κB, which prevented p65 binding to the κB site, sequestered its trans-activating activity, and repressed p65-mediated gene transcription. We conclude that TGF-β1 inhibition of proinflammatory RANTES expression is mediated by β-catenin-triggered blockade of NF-κB signaling."}

    NCBITAXON

    {"project":"NCBITAXON","denotations":[{"id":"T1","span":{"begin":408,"end":413},"obj":"OrganismTaxon"},{"id":"T2","span":{"begin":835,"end":840},"obj":"OrganismTaxon"}],"attributes":[{"id":"A1","pred":"db_id","subj":"T1","obj":"9606"},{"id":"A2","pred":"db_id","subj":"T2","obj":"9606"}],"text":"Inhibition of proinflammatory RANTES expression by TGF-beta1 is mediated by glycogen synthase kinase-3beta-dependent beta-catenin signaling.\nTGF-β1 is a pleiotropic cytokine with potent anti-inflammation property. However, the mechanisms underlying TGF-β1 suppression of inflammation remain largely unexplored. In this study, we demonstrated that TGF-β1 inhibited TNF-α- or IL-1-induced RANTES expression in human kidney tubular epithelial cells (HKC-8). To delineate the mechanism by which TGF-β1 inhibits RANTES expression, we examined the potential signal pathway activated by TGF-β1 in suppressing NF-κB signaling. TGF-β1 affected neither TNF-α-induced IκBα phosphorylation and subsequent degradation, nor p65 NF-κB phosphorylation and its nuclear translocation. However, TGF-β1 could inhibit p65 and p50 binding to the κB site in human RANTES promoter as revealed by chromatin immunoprecipitation assay and protein-DNA binding assay. We found that TGF-β1 induced glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK-3β) phosphorylation on Ser-9 in HKC-8 cells, leading to its inactivation. Knockdown of GSK-3β mimicked TGF-β1 and inhibited RANTES induction, whereas overexpression of GSK-3β abolished the inhibitory effect of TGF-β1 and completely restored RANTES expression. Furthermore, TGF-β1 induced the dephosphorylation and activation of β-catenin, a major downstream target of GSK-3β. Ectopic expression of constitutively active β-catenin mimicked the TGF-β1 effect and completely suppressed RANTES expression induced by TNF-α. Interestingly, TGF-β1 induced a physical interaction between β-catenin and p65 NF-κB, which prevented p65 binding to the κB site, sequestered its trans-activating activity, and repressed p65-mediated gene transcription. We conclude that TGF-β1 inhibition of proinflammatory RANTES expression is mediated by β-catenin-triggered blockade of NF-κB signaling."}

    Anatomy-UBERON

    {"project":"Anatomy-UBERON","denotations":[{"id":"T1","span":{"begin":414,"end":420},"obj":"Body_part"},{"id":"T2","span":{"begin":429,"end":445},"obj":"Body_part"}],"attributes":[{"id":"A1","pred":"uberon_id","subj":"T1","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002113"},{"id":"A2","pred":"uberon_id","subj":"T2","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000066"}],"text":"Inhibition of proinflammatory RANTES expression by TGF-beta1 is mediated by glycogen synthase kinase-3beta-dependent beta-catenin signaling.\nTGF-β1 is a pleiotropic cytokine with potent anti-inflammation property. However, the mechanisms underlying TGF-β1 suppression of inflammation remain largely unexplored. In this study, we demonstrated that TGF-β1 inhibited TNF-α- or IL-1-induced RANTES expression in human kidney tubular epithelial cells (HKC-8). To delineate the mechanism by which TGF-β1 inhibits RANTES expression, we examined the potential signal pathway activated by TGF-β1 in suppressing NF-κB signaling. TGF-β1 affected neither TNF-α-induced IκBα phosphorylation and subsequent degradation, nor p65 NF-κB phosphorylation and its nuclear translocation. However, TGF-β1 could inhibit p65 and p50 binding to the κB site in human RANTES promoter as revealed by chromatin immunoprecipitation assay and protein-DNA binding assay. We found that TGF-β1 induced glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK-3β) phosphorylation on Ser-9 in HKC-8 cells, leading to its inactivation. Knockdown of GSK-3β mimicked TGF-β1 and inhibited RANTES induction, whereas overexpression of GSK-3β abolished the inhibitory effect of TGF-β1 and completely restored RANTES expression. Furthermore, TGF-β1 induced the dephosphorylation and activation of β-catenin, a major downstream target of GSK-3β. Ectopic expression of constitutively active β-catenin mimicked the TGF-β1 effect and completely suppressed RANTES expression induced by TNF-α. Interestingly, TGF-β1 induced a physical interaction between β-catenin and p65 NF-κB, which prevented p65 binding to the κB site, sequestered its trans-activating activity, and repressed p65-mediated gene transcription. We conclude that TGF-β1 inhibition of proinflammatory RANTES expression is mediated by β-catenin-triggered blockade of NF-κB signaling."}

    Anatomy-MAT

    {"project":"Anatomy-MAT","denotations":[{"id":"T1","span":{"begin":414,"end":420},"obj":"Body_part"}],"attributes":[{"id":"A1","pred":"mat_id","subj":"T1","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MAT_0000119"}],"text":"Inhibition of proinflammatory RANTES expression by TGF-beta1 is mediated by glycogen synthase kinase-3beta-dependent beta-catenin signaling.\nTGF-β1 is a pleiotropic cytokine with potent anti-inflammation property. However, the mechanisms underlying TGF-β1 suppression of inflammation remain largely unexplored. In this study, we demonstrated that TGF-β1 inhibited TNF-α- or IL-1-induced RANTES expression in human kidney tubular epithelial cells (HKC-8). To delineate the mechanism by which TGF-β1 inhibits RANTES expression, we examined the potential signal pathway activated by TGF-β1 in suppressing NF-κB signaling. TGF-β1 affected neither TNF-α-induced IκBα phosphorylation and subsequent degradation, nor p65 NF-κB phosphorylation and its nuclear translocation. However, TGF-β1 could inhibit p65 and p50 binding to the κB site in human RANTES promoter as revealed by chromatin immunoprecipitation assay and protein-DNA binding assay. We found that TGF-β1 induced glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK-3β) phosphorylation on Ser-9 in HKC-8 cells, leading to its inactivation. Knockdown of GSK-3β mimicked TGF-β1 and inhibited RANTES induction, whereas overexpression of GSK-3β abolished the inhibitory effect of TGF-β1 and completely restored RANTES expression. Furthermore, TGF-β1 induced the dephosphorylation and activation of β-catenin, a major downstream target of GSK-3β. Ectopic expression of constitutively active β-catenin mimicked the TGF-β1 effect and completely suppressed RANTES expression induced by TNF-α. Interestingly, TGF-β1 induced a physical interaction between β-catenin and p65 NF-κB, which prevented p65 binding to the κB site, sequestered its trans-activating activity, and repressed p65-mediated gene transcription. We conclude that TGF-β1 inhibition of proinflammatory RANTES expression is mediated by β-catenin-triggered blockade of NF-κB signaling."}

    CL-cell

    {"project":"CL-cell","denotations":[{"id":"T1","span":{"begin":429,"end":445},"obj":"Cell"}],"attributes":[{"id":"A1","pred":"cl_id","subj":"T1","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL:0000066"}],"text":"Inhibition of proinflammatory RANTES expression by TGF-beta1 is mediated by glycogen synthase kinase-3beta-dependent beta-catenin signaling.\nTGF-β1 is a pleiotropic cytokine with potent anti-inflammation property. However, the mechanisms underlying TGF-β1 suppression of inflammation remain largely unexplored. In this study, we demonstrated that TGF-β1 inhibited TNF-α- or IL-1-induced RANTES expression in human kidney tubular epithelial cells (HKC-8). To delineate the mechanism by which TGF-β1 inhibits RANTES expression, we examined the potential signal pathway activated by TGF-β1 in suppressing NF-κB signaling. TGF-β1 affected neither TNF-α-induced IκBα phosphorylation and subsequent degradation, nor p65 NF-κB phosphorylation and its nuclear translocation. However, TGF-β1 could inhibit p65 and p50 binding to the κB site in human RANTES promoter as revealed by chromatin immunoprecipitation assay and protein-DNA binding assay. We found that TGF-β1 induced glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK-3β) phosphorylation on Ser-9 in HKC-8 cells, leading to its inactivation. Knockdown of GSK-3β mimicked TGF-β1 and inhibited RANTES induction, whereas overexpression of GSK-3β abolished the inhibitory effect of TGF-β1 and completely restored RANTES expression. Furthermore, TGF-β1 induced the dephosphorylation and activation of β-catenin, a major downstream target of GSK-3β. Ectopic expression of constitutively active β-catenin mimicked the TGF-β1 effect and completely suppressed RANTES expression induced by TNF-α. Interestingly, TGF-β1 induced a physical interaction between β-catenin and p65 NF-κB, which prevented p65 binding to the κB site, sequestered its trans-activating activity, and repressed p65-mediated gene transcription. We conclude that TGF-β1 inhibition of proinflammatory RANTES expression is mediated by β-catenin-triggered blockade of NF-κB signaling."}