PubMed:1990263
Annnotations
{"target":"https://pubannotation.org/docs/sourcedb/PubMed/sourceid/1990263","sourcedb":"PubMed","sourceid":"1990263","source_url":"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1990263","text":"Nuclear factor kappa B activates proenkephalin transcription in T lymphocytes.\nUpon activation, T lymphocytes accumulate high levels of the neuropeptide enkephalin which correlate with high levels of proenkephalin mRNA in the cells. Here we investigated the transcriptional basis for these changes. The proenkephalin promoter contains a sequence GGGGACGTCCCC, named B2, which is similar to the kappa B sequence GGGGACTTTCC, the binding site of the transcription factor nuclear factor (NF)-kappa B. Activation of T lymphocytes induces an NF-kappa B-like binding activity to the B2 site, concomitant with activation of the proenkephalin promoter. Mutations at the B2 site abolish this transcriptional activation. The purified homodimer (two p50s) of the DNA-binding subunit of NF-kappa B binds the B2 site of proenkephalin relatively better than does the heterotetramer (two p65s plus two p50s) form of the factor. Thus, it appears that the T-cell-specific activation of the proenkephalin promoter is mediated by NF-kappa B. However, as NF-kappa B is ubiquitous and the transcriptional activation through the B2 site is T cell specific, yet another T-cell-specific factor which synergizes with NF-kappa B should be considered.","tracks":[{"project":"genia-medco-coref","denotations":[{"id":"C1","span":{"begin":0,"end":22},"obj":"NP"},{"id":"C2","span":{"begin":64,"end":77},"obj":"NP"},{"id":"C3","span":{"begin":96,"end":109},"obj":"NP"},{"id":"C4","span":{"begin":121,"end":163},"obj":"NP"},{"id":"C5","span":{"begin":164,"end":169},"obj":"NP"},{"id":"C6","span":{"begin":222,"end":231},"obj":"NP"},{"id":"C7","span":{"begin":299,"end":325},"obj":"NP"},{"id":"C8","span":{"begin":335,"end":358},"obj":"NP"},{"id":"C9","span":{"begin":366,"end":368},"obj":"NP"},{"id":"C10","span":{"begin":370,"end":375},"obj":"NP"},{"id":"C11","span":{"begin":390,"end":422},"obj":"NP"},{"id":"C13","span":{"begin":469,"end":496},"obj":"NP"},{"id":"C12","span":{"begin":424,"end":496},"obj":"NP"},{"id":"C15","span":{"begin":512,"end":525},"obj":"NP"},{"id":"C14","span":{"begin":498,"end":525},"obj":"NP"},{"id":"C16","span":{"begin":573,"end":584},"obj":"NP"},{"id":"C17","span":{"begin":617,"end":643},"obj":"NP"},{"id":"C18","span":{"begin":658,"end":669},"obj":"NP"},{"id":"C19","span":{"begin":678,"end":709},"obj":"NP"},{"id":"C20","span":{"begin":775,"end":785},"obj":"NP"},{"id":"C21","span":{"begin":792,"end":803},"obj":"NP"},{"id":"C22","span":{"begin":901,"end":911},"obj":"NP"},{"id":"C23","span":{"begin":969,"end":995},"obj":"NP"},{"id":"C24","span":{"begin":1011,"end":1021},"obj":"NP"},{"id":"C25","span":{"begin":1035,"end":1045},"obj":"NP"},{"id":"C26","span":{"begin":1103,"end":1114},"obj":"NP"},{"id":"C27","span":{"begin":1192,"end":1202},"obj":"NP"}],"relations":[{"id":"R1","pred":"coref-ident","subj":"C3","obj":"C2"},{"id":"R2","pred":"coref-relat","subj":"C5","obj":"C4"},{"id":"R3","pred":"coref-other","subj":"C6","obj":"C3"},{"id":"R4","pred":"coref-ident","subj":"C9","obj":"C8"},{"id":"R5","pred":"coref-relat","subj":"C10","obj":"C9"},{"id":"R6","pred":"coref-ident","subj":"C13","obj":"C1"},{"id":"R7","pred":"coref-other","subj":"C12","obj":"C11"},{"id":"R8","pred":"coref-ident","subj":"C15","obj":"C3"},{"id":"R9","pred":"coref-ident","subj":"C17","obj":"C7"},{"id":"R10","pred":"coref-ident","subj":"C18","obj":"C16"},{"id":"R11","pred":"coref-other","subj":"C19","obj":"C14"},{"id":"R12","pred":"coref-ident","subj":"C20","obj":"C13"},{"id":"R13","pred":"coref-ident","subj":"C21","obj":"C16"},{"id":"R14","pred":"coref-ident","subj":"C22","obj":"C20"},{"id":"R15","pred":"coref-ident","subj":"C23","obj":"C17"},{"id":"R16","pred":"coref-ident","subj":"C24","obj":"C20"},{"id":"R17","pred":"coref-ident","subj":"C25","obj":"C24"},{"id":"R18","pred":"coref-ident","subj":"C26","obj":"C21"},{"id":"R19","pred":"coref-ident","subj":"C27","obj":"C25"}],"attributes":[{"subj":"C1","pred":"source","obj":"genia-medco-coref"},{"subj":"C2","pred":"source","obj":"genia-medco-coref"},{"subj":"C3","pred":"source","obj":"genia-medco-coref"},{"subj":"C4","pred":"source","obj":"genia-medco-coref"},{"subj":"C5","pred":"source","obj":"genia-medco-coref"},{"subj":"C6","pred":"source","obj":"genia-medco-coref"},{"subj":"C7","pred":"source","obj":"genia-medco-coref"},{"subj":"C8","pred":"source","obj":"genia-medco-coref"},{"subj":"C9","pred":"source","obj":"genia-medco-coref"},{"subj":"C10","pred":"source","obj":"genia-medco-coref"},{"subj":"C11","pred":"source","obj":"genia-medco-coref"},{"subj":"C13","pred":"source","obj":"genia-medco-coref"},{"subj":"C12","pred":"source","obj":"genia-medco-coref"},{"subj":"C15","pred":"source","obj":"genia-medco-coref"},{"subj":"C14","pred":"source","obj":"genia-medco-coref"},{"subj":"C16","pred":"source","obj":"genia-medco-coref"},{"subj":"C17","pred":"source","obj":"genia-medco-coref"},{"subj":"C18","pred":"source","obj":"genia-medco-coref"},{"subj":"C19","pred":"source","obj":"genia-medco-coref"},{"subj":"C20","pred":"source","obj":"genia-medco-coref"},{"subj":"C21","pred":"source","obj":"genia-medco-coref"},{"subj":"C22","pred":"source","obj":"genia-medco-coref"},{"subj":"C23","pred":"source","obj":"genia-medco-coref"},{"subj":"C24","pred":"source","obj":"genia-medco-coref"},{"subj":"C25","pred":"source","obj":"genia-medco-coref"},{"subj":"C26","pred":"source","obj":"genia-medco-coref"},{"subj":"C27","pred":"source","obj":"genia-medco-coref"}]},{"project":"jnlpba-st-training","denotations":[{"id":"T1","span":{"begin":0,"end":22},"obj":"protein"},{"id":"T2","span":{"begin":64,"end":77},"obj":"cell_type"},{"id":"T3","span":{"begin":96,"end":109},"obj":"cell_type"},{"id":"T4","span":{"begin":200,"end":218},"obj":"RNA"},{"id":"T5","span":{"begin":366,"end":368},"obj":"DNA"},{"id":"T6","span":{"begin":394,"end":410},"obj":"DNA"},{"id":"T7","span":{"begin":448,"end":468},"obj":"protein"},{"id":"T8","span":{"begin":469,"end":496},"obj":"protein"},{"id":"T9","span":{"begin":512,"end":525},"obj":"cell_type"},{"id":"T10","span":{"begin":537,"end":547},"obj":"protein"},{"id":"T11","span":{"begin":577,"end":579},"obj":"DNA"},{"id":"T12","span":{"begin":621,"end":643},"obj":"DNA"},{"id":"T13","span":{"begin":662,"end":664},"obj":"DNA"},{"id":"T14","span":{"begin":724,"end":733},"obj":"protein"},{"id":"T15","span":{"begin":739,"end":743},"obj":"protein"},{"id":"T16","span":{"begin":752,"end":771},"obj":"protein"},{"id":"T17","span":{"begin":775,"end":785},"obj":"protein"},{"id":"T18","span":{"begin":796,"end":798},"obj":"DNA"},{"id":"T19","span":{"begin":853,"end":867},"obj":"protein"},{"id":"T20","span":{"begin":873,"end":877},"obj":"protein"},{"id":"T21","span":{"begin":887,"end":891},"obj":"protein"},{"id":"T22","span":{"begin":973,"end":995},"obj":"DNA"},{"id":"T23","span":{"begin":1011,"end":1021},"obj":"protein"},{"id":"T24","span":{"begin":1035,"end":1045},"obj":"protein"},{"id":"T25","span":{"begin":1107,"end":1109},"obj":"DNA"},{"id":"T26","span":{"begin":1147,"end":1169},"obj":"protein"},{"id":"T27","span":{"begin":1192,"end":1202},"obj":"protein"}],"attributes":[{"subj":"T1","pred":"source","obj":"jnlpba-st-training"},{"subj":"T2","pred":"source","obj":"jnlpba-st-training"},{"subj":"T3","pred":"source","obj":"jnlpba-st-training"},{"subj":"T4","pred":"source","obj":"jnlpba-st-training"},{"subj":"T5","pred":"source","obj":"jnlpba-st-training"},{"subj":"T6","pred":"source","obj":"jnlpba-st-training"},{"subj":"T7","pred":"source","obj":"jnlpba-st-training"},{"subj":"T8","pred":"source","obj":"jnlpba-st-training"},{"subj":"T9","pred":"source","obj":"jnlpba-st-training"},{"subj":"T10","pred":"source","obj":"jnlpba-st-training"},{"subj":"T11","pred":"source","obj":"jnlpba-st-training"},{"subj":"T12","pred":"source","obj":"jnlpba-st-training"},{"subj":"T13","pred":"source","obj":"jnlpba-st-training"},{"subj":"T14","pred":"source","obj":"jnlpba-st-training"},{"subj":"T15","pred":"source","obj":"jnlpba-st-training"},{"subj":"T16","pred":"source","obj":"jnlpba-st-training"},{"subj":"T17","pred":"source","obj":"jnlpba-st-training"},{"subj":"T18","pred":"source","obj":"jnlpba-st-training"},{"subj":"T19","pred":"source","obj":"jnlpba-st-training"},{"subj":"T20","pred":"source","obj":"jnlpba-st-training"},{"subj":"T21","pred":"source","obj":"jnlpba-st-training"},{"subj":"T22","pred":"source","obj":"jnlpba-st-training"},{"subj":"T23","pred":"source","obj":"jnlpba-st-training"},{"subj":"T24","pred":"source","obj":"jnlpba-st-training"},{"subj":"T25","pred":"source","obj":"jnlpba-st-training"},{"subj":"T26","pred":"source","obj":"jnlpba-st-training"},{"subj":"T27","pred":"source","obj":"jnlpba-st-training"}]},{"project":"pubmed-sentences-benchmark","denotations":[{"id":"S1","span":{"begin":0,"end":78},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"S2","span":{"begin":79,"end":232},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"S3","span":{"begin":233,"end":298},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"S4","span":{"begin":299,"end":497},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"S5","span":{"begin":498,"end":644},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"S6","span":{"begin":645,"end":710},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"S7","span":{"begin":711,"end":912},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"S8","span":{"begin":913,"end":1022},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"S9","span":{"begin":1023,"end":1224},"obj":"Sentence"}],"attributes":[{"subj":"S1","pred":"source","obj":"pubmed-sentences-benchmark"},{"subj":"S2","pred":"source","obj":"pubmed-sentences-benchmark"},{"subj":"S3","pred":"source","obj":"pubmed-sentences-benchmark"},{"subj":"S4","pred":"source","obj":"pubmed-sentences-benchmark"},{"subj":"S5","pred":"source","obj":"pubmed-sentences-benchmark"},{"subj":"S6","pred":"source","obj":"pubmed-sentences-benchmark"},{"subj":"S7","pred":"source","obj":"pubmed-sentences-benchmark"},{"subj":"S8","pred":"source","obj":"pubmed-sentences-benchmark"},{"subj":"S9","pred":"source","obj":"pubmed-sentences-benchmark"}]},{"project":"GENIAcorpus","denotations":[{"id":"T1","span":{"begin":0,"end":22},"obj":"protein_molecule"},{"id":"T2","span":{"begin":33,"end":46},"obj":"peptide"},{"id":"T3","span":{"begin":47,"end":60},"obj":"other_name"},{"id":"T4","span":{"begin":64,"end":77},"obj":"cell_type"},{"id":"T5","span":{"begin":96,"end":109},"obj":"cell_type"},{"id":"T6","span":{"begin":140,"end":163},"obj":"peptide"},{"id":"T7","span":{"begin":200,"end":213},"obj":"peptide"},{"id":"T8","span":{"begin":258,"end":279},"obj":"other_name"},{"id":"T9","span":{"begin":303,"end":316},"obj":"peptide"},{"id":"T10","span":{"begin":346,"end":358},"obj":"polynucleotide"},{"id":"T11","span":{"begin":366,"end":368},"obj":"DNA_domain_or_region"},{"id":"T12","span":{"begin":394,"end":410},"obj":"DNA_domain_or_region"},{"id":"T13","span":{"begin":411,"end":422},"obj":"polynucleotide"},{"id":"T14","span":{"begin":448,"end":461},"obj":"other_name"},{"id":"T15","span":{"begin":469,"end":496},"obj":"protein_molecule"},{"id":"T16","span":{"begin":512,"end":525},"obj":"cell_type"},{"id":"T17","span":{"begin":537,"end":547},"obj":"protein_molecule"},{"id":"T18","span":{"begin":577,"end":579},"obj":"DNA_domain_or_region"},{"id":"T19","span":{"begin":621,"end":634},"obj":"peptide"},{"id":"T20","span":{"begin":662,"end":664},"obj":"DNA_domain_or_region"},{"id":"T21","span":{"begin":683,"end":709},"obj":"other_name"},{"id":"T22","span":{"begin":724,"end":733},"obj":"protein_complex"},{"id":"T23","span":{"begin":739,"end":743},"obj":"protein_subunit"},{"id":"T24","span":{"begin":752,"end":771},"obj":"protein_domain_or_region"},{"id":"T25","span":{"begin":775,"end":785},"obj":"protein_molecule"},{"id":"T26","span":{"begin":796,"end":798},"obj":"DNA_domain_or_region"},{"id":"T27","span":{"begin":807,"end":820},"obj":"peptide"},{"id":"T28","span":{"begin":853,"end":867},"obj":"protein_complex"},{"id":"T29","span":{"begin":873,"end":877},"obj":"protein_subunit"},{"id":"T30","span":{"begin":887,"end":891},"obj":"protein_subunit"},{"id":"T31","span":{"begin":939,"end":965},"obj":"other_name"},{"id":"T32","span":{"begin":973,"end":986},"obj":"peptide"},{"id":"T33","span":{"begin":1011,"end":1021},"obj":"protein_molecule"},{"id":"T34","span":{"begin":1035,"end":1045},"obj":"protein_molecule"},{"id":"T35","span":{"begin":1068,"end":1094},"obj":"other_name"},{"id":"T36","span":{"begin":1107,"end":1109},"obj":"DNA_domain_or_region"},{"id":"T37","span":{"begin":1118,"end":1133},"obj":"other_name"},{"id":"T38","span":{"begin":1147,"end":1169},"obj":"protein_molecule"},{"id":"T39","span":{"begin":1192,"end":1202},"obj":"protein_molecule"}],"attributes":[{"subj":"T1","pred":"source","obj":"GENIAcorpus"},{"subj":"T2","pred":"source","obj":"GENIAcorpus"},{"subj":"T3","pred":"source","obj":"GENIAcorpus"},{"subj":"T4","pred":"source","obj":"GENIAcorpus"},{"subj":"T5","pred":"source","obj":"GENIAcorpus"},{"subj":"T6","pred":"source","obj":"GENIAcorpus"},{"subj":"T7","pred":"source","obj":"GENIAcorpus"},{"subj":"T8","pred":"source","obj":"GENIAcorpus"},{"subj":"T9","pred":"source","obj":"GENIAcorpus"},{"subj":"T10","pred":"source","obj":"GENIAcorpus"},{"subj":"T11","pred":"source","obj":"GENIAcorpus"},{"subj":"T12","pred":"source","obj":"GENIAcorpus"},{"subj":"T13","pred":"source","obj":"GENIAcorpus"},{"subj":"T14","pred":"source","obj":"GENIAcorpus"},{"subj":"T15","pred":"source","obj":"GENIAcorpus"},{"subj":"T16","pred":"source","obj":"GENIAcorpus"},{"subj":"T17","pred":"source","obj":"GENIAcorpus"},{"subj":"T18","pred":"source","obj":"GENIAcorpus"},{"subj":"T19","pred":"source","obj":"GENIAcorpus"},{"subj":"T20","pred":"source","obj":"GENIAcorpus"},{"subj":"T21","pred":"source","obj":"GENIAcorpus"},{"subj":"T22","pred":"source","obj":"GENIAcorpus"},{"subj":"T23","pred":"source","obj":"GENIAcorpus"},{"subj":"T24","pred":"source","obj":"GENIAcorpus"},{"subj":"T25","pred":"source","obj":"GENIAcorpus"},{"subj":"T26","pred":"source","obj":"GENIAcorpus"},{"subj":"T27","pred":"source","obj":"GENIAcorpus"},{"subj":"T28","pred":"source","obj":"GENIAcorpus"},{"subj":"T29","pred":"source","obj":"GENIAcorpus"},{"subj":"T30","pred":"source","obj":"GENIAcorpus"},{"subj":"T31","pred":"source","obj":"GENIAcorpus"},{"subj":"T32","pred":"source","obj":"GENIAcorpus"},{"subj":"T33","pred":"source","obj":"GENIAcorpus"},{"subj":"T34","pred":"source","obj":"GENIAcorpus"},{"subj":"T35","pred":"source","obj":"GENIAcorpus"},{"subj":"T36","pred":"source","obj":"GENIAcorpus"},{"subj":"T37","pred":"source","obj":"GENIAcorpus"},{"subj":"T38","pred":"source","obj":"GENIAcorpus"},{"subj":"T39","pred":"source","obj":"GENIAcorpus"}]}],"config":{"attribute types":[{"pred":"source","value type":"selection","values":[{"id":"genia-medco-coref","color":"#93e1ec","default":true},{"id":"jnlpba-st-training","color":"#ecdd93"},{"id":"pubmed-sentences-benchmark","color":"#c393ec"},{"id":"GENIAcorpus","color":"#93eca9"}]}]}}