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c_corpus

Id Subject Object Predicate Lexical cue
T1 18-23 PR:Q5S006 denotes LRRK2
T2 18-23 PR:000003033 denotes LRRK2
T3 18-23 PR:Q5S007 denotes LRRK2
T4 24-28 SO:0000704 denotes gene
T5 36-44 UBERON:0001891 denotes midbrain
T6 73-89 UBERON:0002038 denotes substantia nigra
T11 105-124 D010300 denotes Parkinson's disease
T12 105-124 D010300 denotes Parkinson's disease
T15 164-172 UBERON:0001891 denotes midbrain
T16 187-190 CHEBI:566274 denotes mDA
T18 207-237 UBERON:0001966 denotes substantia nigra pars compacta
T19 207-237 UBERON:0001965 denotes substantia nigra pars compacta
T20 224-228 PR:P07814 denotes pars
T21 224-228 PR:000007144 denotes pars
T24 306-313 6308 denotes leucine
T25 306-313 SO:0001437 denotes leucine
T23 306-313 CHEBI:15603 denotes leucine
T26 306-313 D007930 denotes leucine
T27 306-313 CHEBI:25017 denotes leucine
T28 306-313 D007930 denotes leucine
T29 319-325 SO:0001068 denotes repeat
T30 336-341 PR:Q5S006 denotes LRRK2
T31 336-341 PR:000003033 denotes LRRK2
T32 336-341 PR:Q5S007 denotes LRRK2
T33 343-347 SO:0000704 denotes gene
T34 435-440 PR:Q5S006 denotes LRRK2
T35 435-440 PR:000003033 denotes LRRK2
T36 435-440 PR:Q5S007 denotes LRRK2
T37 467-472 UBERON:6110636 denotes brain
T38 467-472 UBERON:0000955 denotes brain
T39 499-504 PR:Q5S006 denotes LRRK2
T40 499-504 PR:000003033 denotes LRRK2
T41 499-504 PR:Q5S007 denotes LRRK2
T42 519-522 CHEBI:566274 denotes mDA
T43 551-556 PR:Q5S006 denotes LRRK2
T44 551-556 PR:000003033 denotes LRRK2
T45 551-556 PR:Q5S007 denotes LRRK2
T48 557-561 SO:0000234 denotes mRNA
T46 557-561 D012333 denotes mRNA
T47 557-561 CHEBI:33699 denotes mRNA
T53 566-573 SO:0000104 denotes protein
T52 566-573 PR:000000001 denotes protein
T50 566-573 CHEBI:36080 denotes protein
T51 566-573 CHEBI:11122 denotes protein
T49 566-573 GO:0003675 denotes protein
T54 591-594 CHEBI:566274 denotes mDA
T56 636-644 10962 denotes tyrosine
T60 636-644 SO:0001446 denotes tyrosine
T63 636-656 A0A060X6Z0 denotes tyrosine hydroxylase
T62 636-656 D014446 denotes tyrosine hydroxylase
T64 658-665 CVCL_JJ81 denotes TH)-GFP
T65 666-676 SO:0000781 denotes transgenic
T66 666-682 D008822 denotes transgenic mouse
T69 689-693 P9WQ36 denotes FACS
T70 689-693 P9WQ37 denotes FACS
T71 733-738 PR:Q5S006 denotes LRRK2
T72 733-738 PR:000003033 denotes LRRK2
T73 733-738 PR:Q5S007 denotes LRRK2
T74 749-752 CHEBI:566274 denotes mDA
T75 783-786 CHEBI:566274 denotes mDA
T76 821-826 PR:000012761 denotes Pitx3
T77 821-826 PR:P81062 denotes Pitx3
T78 821-826 PR:Q6QU75 denotes Pitx3
T79 821-826 PR:O75364 denotes Pitx3
T80 821-826 PR:O35160 denotes Pitx3
T81 828-831 PR:Q61327 denotes DAT
T82 828-831 Q03614 denotes DAT
T84 828-831 PR:P13483 denotes DAT
T85 828-831 P27922 denotes DAT
T86 828-831 Q61327 denotes DAT
T87 828-831 P23977 denotes DAT
T88 828-831 Q9GJT6 denotes DAT
T89 828-831 PR:000015188 denotes DAT
T90 828-831 PR:Q94521 denotes DAT
T91 828-831 Q01959 denotes DAT
T92 828-831 PR:Q7K4Y6 denotes DAT
T83 828-831 CHEBI:137433 denotes DAT
T93 833-838 PR:Q07917 denotes Nurr1
T94 833-838 PR:P43354 denotes Nurr1
T95 833-838 PR:000011409 denotes Nurr1
T96 833-838 PR:Q06219 denotes Nurr1
T99 843-846 1011859 denotes Lmx
T102 843-848 PR:000009870 denotes Lmx1a
T103 843-848 PR:Q9JKU8 denotes Lmx1a
T104 843-848 PR:Q8TE12 denotes Lmx1a
T105 929-934 PR:Q5S006 denotes LRRK2
T106 929-934 PR:000003033 denotes LRRK2
T107 929-934 PR:Q5S007 denotes LRRK2
T108 1049-1054 PR:Q5S006 denotes LRRK2
T109 1049-1054 PR:000003033 denotes LRRK2
T110 1049-1054 PR:Q5S007 denotes LRRK2
T111 1083-1086 CHEBI:566274 denotes mDA
T113 1146-1149 PR:P63003-1 denotes rat
T114 1146-1149 PR:Q2G0B1 denotes rat
T115 1146-1149 PR:Q8VHJ4 denotes rat
T112 1146-1149 10116 denotes rat
T116 1146-1149 D051381 denotes rat
T117 1150-1155 UBERON:6110636 denotes brain
T118 1150-1155 UBERON:0000955 denotes brain
T119 1177-1185 UBERON:0001891 denotes midbrain
T120 1194-1199 PR:Q5S006 denotes LRRK2
T121 1194-1199 PR:000003033 denotes LRRK2
T122 1194-1199 PR:Q5S007 denotes LRRK2
T123 1194-1207 D000071158 denotes LRRK2 protein
T128 1200-1207 SO:0000104 denotes protein
T127 1200-1207 PR:000000001 denotes protein
T124 1200-1207 GO:0003675 denotes protein
T129 1261-1277 UBERON:0002038 denotes substantia nigra
T134 1291-1294 CVCL_0130 denotes A10
T132 1291-1294 PR:000012656 denotes A10
T135 1291-1294 PR:Q27377 denotes A10
T136 1291-1294 Q61753 denotes A10
T131 1291-1294 C052091 denotes A10
T133 1291-1294 C052091 denotes A10
T137 1313-1335 UBERON:0002691 denotes ventral tegmental area
T138 1346-1351 PR:Q5S006 denotes LRRK2
T139 1346-1351 PR:000003033 denotes LRRK2
T140 1346-1351 PR:Q5S007 denotes LRRK2
T141 1460-1465 PR:Q5S006 denotes LRRK2
T142 1460-1465 PR:000003033 denotes LRRK2
T143 1460-1465 PR:Q5S007 denotes LRRK2
T144 1589-1594 PR:Q5S006 denotes LRRK2
T145 1589-1594 PR:000003033 denotes LRRK2
T146 1589-1594 PR:Q5S007 denotes LRRK2

PMID_GLOBAL

Id Subject Object Predicate Lexical cue mondo_id
T1 105-124 DiseaseOrPhenotypicFeature denotes Parkinson's disease 0005180
T2 126-128 DiseaseOrPhenotypicFeature denotes PD 0008199|0015873|0005180
T5 314-318 DiseaseOrPhenotypicFeature denotes rich 0015404
T6 379-381 DiseaseOrPhenotypicFeature denotes PD 0008199|0015873|0005180
T9 689-693 DiseaseOrPhenotypicFeature denotes FACS 0018262

UseCases_ArguminSci_Discourse

Id Subject Object Predicate Lexical cue
T1 0-90 DRI_Outcome denotes Expression of the LRRK2 gene in the midbrain dopaminergic neurons of the substantia nigra.
T2 91-238 DRI_Background denotes A hallmark of Parkinson's disease (PD) is the progressive loss of the A9 midbrain dopaminergic (mDA) neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta.
T3 239-388 DRI_Background denotes Recently, multiple causative mutations have been identified in the leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 (LRRK2) gene for both familial and sporadic PD cases.
T4 389-531 DRI_Background denotes Therefore, to investigate functional roles of LRRK2 in normal and/or diseased brain, it is critical to define LRRK2 expression in mDA neurons.
T5 532-761 DRI_Approach denotes To address whether LRRK2 mRNA and protein are expressed in mDA neurons, we purified DA neurons from the tyrosine hydroxylase (TH)-GFP transgenic mouse using FACS-sorting and analyzed the expression of LRRK2 and other mDA markers.
T6 762-919 DRI_Approach denotes We observed that all mDA markers tested in this study (TH, Pitx3, DAT, Nurr1 and Lmx1a) are robustly expressed only in GFP(+) cells, but not in GFP(-) cells.
T7 920-981 DRI_Background denotes Notably, LRRK2 was expressed in both GFP(+) and GFP(-) cells.
T8 982-1156 DRI_Outcome denotes Consistent with this, our immunohistochemical analyses showed that LRRK2 is expressed in TH-positive mDA neurons as well as in surrounding TH-negative cells in the rat brain.
T9 1157-1336 DRI_Outcome denotes Importantly, in the midbrain region, LRRK2 protein was preferentially expressed in A9 DA neurons of the substantia nigra, compared to A10 DA neurons of the ventral tegmental area.
T10 1337-1418 DRI_Background denotes However, LRRK2 was also highly expressed in the cortical and hippocampal regions.
T11 1419-1643 DRI_Outcome denotes Taken together, our results suggest that LRRK2 may have direct functional role(s) in the neurophysiology of A9 DA neurons and that dysfunction of these neurons by mutant LRRK2 may directly cause their selective degeneration.

PubMed_ArguminSci

Id Subject Object Predicate Lexical cue
T1 91-238 DRI_Background denotes A hallmark of Parkinson's disease (PD) is the progressive loss of the A9 midbrain dopaminergic (mDA) neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta.
T2 239-388 DRI_Background denotes Recently, multiple causative mutations have been identified in the leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 (LRRK2) gene for both familial and sporadic PD cases.
T3 389-531 DRI_Background denotes Therefore, to investigate functional roles of LRRK2 in normal and/or diseased brain, it is critical to define LRRK2 expression in mDA neurons.
T4 532-761 DRI_Approach denotes To address whether LRRK2 mRNA and protein are expressed in mDA neurons, we purified DA neurons from the tyrosine hydroxylase (TH)-GFP transgenic mouse using FACS-sorting and analyzed the expression of LRRK2 and other mDA markers.
T5 762-919 DRI_Approach denotes We observed that all mDA markers tested in this study (TH, Pitx3, DAT, Nurr1 and Lmx1a) are robustly expressed only in GFP(+) cells, but not in GFP(-) cells.
T6 920-981 DRI_Background denotes Notably, LRRK2 was expressed in both GFP(+) and GFP(-) cells.
T7 982-1156 DRI_Outcome denotes Consistent with this, our immunohistochemical analyses showed that LRRK2 is expressed in TH-positive mDA neurons as well as in surrounding TH-negative cells in the rat brain.
T8 1157-1336 DRI_Outcome denotes Importantly, in the midbrain region, LRRK2 protein was preferentially expressed in A9 DA neurons of the substantia nigra, compared to A10 DA neurons of the ventral tegmental area.
T9 1337-1418 DRI_Background denotes However, LRRK2 was also highly expressed in the cortical and hippocampal regions.
T10 1419-1643 DRI_Outcome denotes Taken together, our results suggest that LRRK2 may have direct functional role(s) in the neurophysiology of A9 DA neurons and that dysfunction of these neurons by mutant LRRK2 may directly cause their selective degeneration.