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matrix metalloproteinase 9 activity and mRNA expression in lung ischemia-reperfusion injury.\nOBJECTIVES: In lung ischemia-reperfusion injury, neutrophil migration from the vasculature to the interstitial spaces plays a major role in tissue injury. Degradation of the basement membrane, which is composed of extracellular matrix (ECM) molecules, is necessary for neutrophil migration. Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) might play a role in ECM degradation in lung ischemia-reperfusion injury. We evaluated the changes in the activity of MMP-2 and MMP-9, and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase 1 (TIMP-1) gene expressions using rat lung transplantation models.\nMETHODS: We divided animals into 4 groups. Groups I and II served as control groups with intact lungs (Group I) and 24-hour cold-preserved lungs (Group II). Groups III and IV received lung grafts after 24-hour cold preservation. The recipient animals were sacrificed 1 hour (Group III) or 24 hours (Group IV) after transplantation. We evaluated lung injury histologically. We assessed MMP activity using zymography. We assessed MMP-2, MMP-9, and TIMP-1 gene expression using biplex reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction method.\nRESULTS: In Groups III and IV, we noted severe ischemia-reperfusion injury. We noted no significant difference in enzyme activity and gene expression of MMP-2 between Groups I and IV. The MMP-9 activity and gene expression were low during ischemia and increased on reperfusion. TIMP-1 gene expression was low during ischemia and at the early phase of reperfusion, and showed a dramatic increase at the late phase of reperfusion.\nCONCLUSIONS: Matrix metalloproteinase 9, but not MMP-2, may play an important role in ischemia-reperfusion injury. TIMP-1 increases at the late phase of reperfusion and may compensate for the activity of MMP-9."}

{"project":"UseCases_ArguminSci_Discourse","denotations":[{"id":"T1","span":{"begin":0,"end":102},"obj":"DRI_Background"},{"id":"T2","span":{"begin":109,"end":257},"obj":"DRI_Challenge"},{"id":"T3","span":{"begin":258,"end":393},"obj":"DRI_Background"},{"id":"T4","span":{"begin":394,"end":500},"obj":"DRI_Approach"},{"id":"T5","span":{"begin":501,"end":670},"obj":"DRI_Approach"},{"id":"T6","span":{"begin":680,"end":713},"obj":"DRI_Approach"},{"id":"T7","span":{"begin":714,"end":827},"obj":"DRI_Approach"},{"id":"T8","span":{"begin":828,"end":899},"obj":"DRI_Background"},{"id":"T9","span":{"begin":900,"end":1002},"obj":"DRI_Background"},{"id":"T10","span":{"begin":1003,"end":1043},"obj":"DRI_Approach"},{"id":"T11","span":{"begin":1044,"end":1086},"obj":"DRI_Approach"},{"id":"T12","span":{"begin":1087,"end":1208},"obj":"DRI_Approach"},{"id":"T13","span":{"begin":1218,"end":1284},"obj":"DRI_Unspecified"},{"id":"T14","span":{"begin":1285,"end":1392},"obj":"DRI_Approach"},{"id":"T15","span":{"begin":1393,"end":1486},"obj":"DRI_Background"},{"id":"T16","span":{"begin":1487,"end":1637},"obj":"DRI_Background"},{"id":"T17","span":{"begin":1651,"end":1752},"obj":"DRI_Approach"},{"id":"T18","span":{"begin":1753,"end":1848},"obj":"DRI_Outcome"}],"text":"Increased matrix metalloproteinase 9 activity and mRNA expression in lung ischemia-reperfusion injury.\nOBJECTIVES: In lung ischemia-reperfusion injury, neutrophil migration from the vasculature to the interstitial spaces plays a major role in tissue injury. Degradation of the basement membrane, which is composed of extracellular matrix (ECM) molecules, is necessary for neutrophil migration. Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) might play a role in ECM degradation in lung ischemia-reperfusion injury. We evaluated the changes in the activity of MMP-2 and MMP-9, and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase 1 (TIMP-1) gene expressions using rat lung transplantation models.\nMETHODS: We divided animals into 4 groups. Groups I and II served as control groups with intact lungs (Group I) and 24-hour cold-preserved lungs (Group II). Groups III and IV received lung grafts after 24-hour cold preservation. The recipient animals were sacrificed 1 hour (Group III) or 24 hours (Group IV) after transplantation. We evaluated lung injury histologically. We assessed MMP activity using zymography. We assessed MMP-2, MMP-9, and TIMP-1 gene expression using biplex reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction method.\nRESULTS: In Groups III and IV, we noted severe ischemia-reperfusion injury. We noted no significant difference in enzyme activity and gene expression of MMP-2 between Groups I and IV. The MMP-9 activity and gene expression were low during ischemia and increased on reperfusion. TIMP-1 gene expression was low during ischemia and at the early phase of reperfusion, and showed a dramatic increase at the late phase of reperfusion.\nCONCLUSIONS: Matrix metalloproteinase 9, but not MMP-2, may play an important role in ischemia-reperfusion injury. TIMP-1 increases at the late phase of reperfusion and may compensate for the activity of MMP-9."}