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PMC:7795966 / 26293-28679 JSONTXT

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LitCovid-PubTator

Id Subject Object Predicate Lexical cue tao:has_database_id
934 26-47 Disease denotes Carboxyhemoglobinemia
935 51-59 Disease denotes COVID-19 MESH:C000657245
941 212-220 Species denotes patients Tax:9606
942 144-146 Chemical denotes CO MESH:D002248
943 260-262 Chemical denotes CO MESH:D002248
944 178-199 Disease denotes carboxyhemoglobinemia
945 203-211 Disease denotes COVID-19 MESH:C000657245
964 389-393 Gene denotes HO-1 Gene:3162
965 554-558 Gene denotes HO-1 Gene:3162
966 1239-1244 Gene denotes MetHb Gene:3048
967 907-915 Species denotes patients Tax:9606
968 1193-1201 Species denotes patients Tax:9606
969 328-330 Chemical denotes CO MESH:D002248
970 423-427 Chemical denotes heme MESH:D006418
971 444-454 Chemical denotes biliverdin MESH:D001664
972 469-471 Chemical denotes CO MESH:D002248
973 1020-1025 Chemical denotes NADPH MESH:D009249
974 606-618 Disease denotes inflammation MESH:D007249
975 830-836 Disease denotes anemia MESH:D000740
976 841-850 Disease denotes hemolysis MESH:D006461
977 898-906 Disease denotes COVID-19 MESH:C000657245
978 1096-1105 Disease denotes hemolysis MESH:D006461
979 1122-1137 Disease denotes G6PD deficiency MESH:D005955
980 1165-1180 Disease denotes G6PD deficiency MESH:D005955
981 1184-1192 Disease denotes COVID-19 MESH:C000657245
987 1343-1351 Species denotes patients Tax:9606
988 1603-1605 Chemical denotes O2 MESH:D010100
989 1647-1649 Chemical denotes CO MESH:D002248
990 1334-1342 Disease denotes COVID-19 MESH:C000657245
991 1373-1395 Disease denotes respiratory impairment MESH:D012131
999 2037-2041 Gene denotes HO-1 Gene:3162
1000 2277-2283 Species denotes humans Tax:9606
1001 1786-1794 Disease denotes COVID-19 MESH:C000657245
1002 1820-1829 Disease denotes mortality MESH:D003643
1003 2149-2161 Disease denotes Inflammation MESH:D007249
1004 2262-2273 Disease denotes endotoxemia MESH:D019446
1005 2339-2351 Disease denotes inflammation MESH:D007249

LitCovid-PD-HP

Id Subject Object Predicate Lexical cue hp_id
T64 585-601 Phenotype denotes oxidative stress http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0025464
T65 669-685 Phenotype denotes Hemolytic anemia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0001878
T66 801-817 Phenotype denotes hemolytic anemia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0001878
T67 830-836 Phenotype denotes anemia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0001903
T68 931-947 Phenotype denotes hemolytic anemia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0001878
T69 1052-1068 Phenotype denotes oxidative stress http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0025464
T70 1373-1395 Phenotype denotes respiratory impairment http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0002093

LitCovid-sentences

Id Subject Object Predicate Lexical cue
T196 0-4 Sentence denotes 4.4.
T197 5-68 Sentence denotes Possible Reasons for Carboxyhemoglobinemia in COVID-19 Patients
T198 69-316 Sentence denotes Since the blood COHb concentration reflects the balance between endogenous CO production and CO elimination, carboxyhemoglobinemia in COVID-19 patients could indicate an increased endogenous CO production and/or a decreased CO elimination ability.
T199 317-492 Sentence denotes Endogenous CO production is mainly due to the inducible heme oxygenase (HO-1) enzyme, which catalyzes the heme moiety of Hb to biliverdin and liberates CO during this process.
T200 493-553 Sentence denotes CO can then react with Hb, leading to the formation of COHb.
T201 554-668 Sentence denotes HO-1 is upregulated in case of oxidative stress and inflammation which leads to increased COHb production [73,74].
T202 669-823 Sentence denotes Hemolytic anemia facilitates the production process of COHb so that an increased COHb blood level can be seen as a manifestation of hemolytic anemia [75].
T203 824-997 Sentence denotes Since anemia and hemolysis possibly occur during the course of disease in COVID-19 patients [17,18,22,54], hemolytic anemia may also be responsible for their COHb elevation.
T204 998-1266 Sentence denotes Because intracellular NADPH depletion and consecutive oxidative stress with damaged erythrocytes (hemolysis) is typical for G6PD deficiency, it is not surprising that G6PD deficiency in COVID-19 patients seems to be associated with elevated MetHb and COHb levels [20].
T205 1267-1330 Sentence denotes A decreased CO elimination occurs when respiration is impaired.
T206 1331-1510 Sentence denotes As COVID-19 patients are characterized by respiratory impairment, increased COHb levels can be explained by reduced CO elimination and thus a higher probability of COHb formation.
T207 1511-1716 Sentence denotes Mechanical ventilation may also be relevant since, for example, an increase in the inspired O2 fraction leads to an increase in exhaled CO concentration [76], possibly leading to a reduced COHb production.
T208 1717-2036 Sentence denotes Interestingly, while elevated COHb levels seem to be correlated with COVID-19 severity, intensive care mortality from other causes was found to be associated with too low [12,77] and both too low or too high COHb values [11], indicating the existence of an optimal COHb level for optimal physiological functioning [12].
T209 2037-2148 Sentence denotes HO-1 upregulation, associated with elevations of COHb, has immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory effects [78].
T210 2149-2386 Sentence denotes Inflammation changes COHb levels in the blood in a complex time-dependent manner as demonstrated by experimental endotoxemia in humans [79], highlighting the non-linear relationship between inflammation, disease severity and COHb levels.