Id |
Subject |
Object |
Predicate |
Lexical cue |
T136 |
0-15 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Acknowledgments |
T137 |
16-38 |
Sentence |
denotes |
We thank Jacqueline M. |
T138 |
39-78 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Costa for the English language editing. |
T139 |
79-145 |
Sentence |
denotes |
We thank Ludovica De Panfilis for reviewing the survey for ethics. |
T140 |
146-269 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Publisher’s Note: MDPI stays neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. |
T141 |
271-294 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Supplementary Materials |
T142 |
295-385 |
Sentence |
denotes |
The following are available online at https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/18/1/306/s1, File S1: |
T143 |
386-521 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Survey on Lifestyle Adaptations in the General Population of the Province of Reggio Emilia Following the Emergency Quarantine COVID-19. |
T144 |
522-558 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Click here for additional data file. |
T145 |
560-580 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Author Contributions |
T146 |
581-670 |
Sentence |
denotes |
All authors contributed to the study conception and design and to interpretation of data. |
T147 |
671-727 |
Sentence |
denotes |
P.G.R., S.C., B.B., S.P., and E.M. developed the survey. |
T148 |
728-771 |
Sentence |
denotes |
S.P. and B.B. contributed to data analysis. |
T149 |
772-875 |
Sentence |
denotes |
The first draft of the manuscript was written by S.C., and all authors commented and contributed to it. |
T150 |
876-952 |
Sentence |
denotes |
All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript. |
T151 |
954-961 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Funding |
T152 |
962-1047 |
Sentence |
denotes |
The Azienda Unità Sanitaria Locale–IRCCS di Reggio Emilia fully supported this study. |
T153 |
1049-1085 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Institutional Review Board Statement |
T154 |
1086-1101 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Not applicable. |
T155 |
1103-1129 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Informed Consent Statement |
T156 |
1130-1200 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Informed consent was obtained from all subjects involved in the study. |
T157 |
1202-1229 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Data Availability Statement |
T158 |
1230-1406 |
Sentence |
denotes |
The dataset generated and analyzed is retained by the Azienda Unità Sanitaria Locale–IRCCS di Reggio Emilia (Italy) and is available upon request from the corresponding author. |
T159 |
1408-1429 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Conflicts of Interest |
T160 |
1430-1492 |
Sentence |
denotes |
The authors do not have any conflicts of interest to disclose. |
T161 |
1494-1504 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Appendix A |
T162 |
1505-1696 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Table A1 Results of Multivariate Regression Analysis Models, with Quality of Sleep as Dependent Variable and Financial Problems and Sociodemographic Characteristics as Independent Variables. |
T163 |
1697-1720 |
Sentence |
denotes |
95% Confidence Interval |
T164 |
1721-1777 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Predictor Estimate SE Z p Odds Ratio Lower Upper |
T165 |
1778-1840 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Intercept −1.403 0.358 −3.923 <0 .001 0.246 0.122 0.496 |
T166 |
1841-1844 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Sex |
T167 |
1845-1908 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Male–Female −0.840 0.264 −3.184 0.001 0.432 0.258 0.724 |
T168 |
1909-1918 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Age class |
T169 |
1919-1981 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Aged–Adult −0.864 0.452 −1.911 0.056 0.421 0.174 1.023 |
T170 |
1982-2051 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Middle-aged–Adult −0.141 0.191 −0.738 0.460 0.869 0.598 1.262 |
T171 |
2052-2067 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Education level |
T172 |
2068-2128 |
Sentence |
denotes |
High–Low −1.073 0.350 −3.065 0.002 0.342 0.172 0.679 |
T173 |
2129-2191 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Medium–Low −0.913 0.344 −2.656 0.008 0.401 0.205 0.787 |
T174 |
2192-2210 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Financial problems |
T175 |
2211-2273 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Many–None 1.940 0.376 5.156 <0 .001 6.962 3.329 14.556 |
T176 |
2274-2333 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Some–None 0.556 0.199 2.788 0.005 1.743 1.179 2.576 |
T177 |
2334-2526 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Table A2 Results of Multivariate Regression Analysis Models, with Quality of Sleep as Dependent Variable and Change in PA Habits and Sociodemographic Characteristics as Independent Variables. |
T178 |
2527-2550 |
Sentence |
denotes |
95% Confidence Interval |
T179 |
2551-2607 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Predictor Estimate SE Z p Odds Ratio Lower Upper |
T180 |
2608-2670 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Intercept −1.245 0.352 −3.536 <0 .001 0.288 0.144 0.574 |
T181 |
2671-2674 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Sex |
T182 |
2675-2738 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Male–Female −0.788 0.258 −3.061 0.002 0.455 0.274 0.753 |
T183 |
2739-2748 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Age class |
T184 |
2749-2811 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Aged–Adult −0.985 0.452 −2.178 0.029 0.374 0.154 0.906 |
T185 |
2812-2881 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Middle-aged–Adult −0.104 0.190 −0.544 0.586 0.902 0.621 1.309 |
T186 |
2882-2897 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Education level |
T187 |
2898-2959 |
Sentence |
denotes |
High–Low −1.268 0.342 −3.709 <0.001 0.281 0.144 0.550 |
T188 |
2960-3022 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Medium–Low −0.962 0.335 −2.871 0.004 0.382 0.198 0.737 |
T189 |
3023-3042 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Change in PA habits |
T190 |
3043-3113 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Improved–No change −0.595 0.532 −1.120 0.263 0.551 0.195 1.563 |
T191 |
3114-3182 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Worsened–No change 0.483 0.183 2.638 0.008 1.621 1.132 2.321 |
T192 |
3183-3213 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Legend PA = Physical activity. |
T193 |
3214-3410 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Table A3 Results of Multivariate Regression Analysis Models, with Quality of Sleep as Dependent Variable and Change in Eating Habits and Sociodemographic Characteristics as Independent Variables. |
T194 |
3411-3434 |
Sentence |
denotes |
95% Confidence Interval |
T195 |
3435-3491 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Predictor Estimate SE Z p Odds Ratio Lower Upper |
T196 |
3492-3555 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Intercept −1.8735 0.395 −4.743 <0.001 0.154 0.0708 0.333 |
T197 |
3556-3559 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Sex |
T198 |
3560-3625 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Male–Female −0.6464 0.253 −2.553 0.011 0.524 0.3190 0.861 |
T199 |
3626-3635 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Age class |
T200 |
3636-3700 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Aged–Adult −0.5144 0.382 −1.347 0.178 0.598 0.2828 1.264 |
T201 |
3701-3772 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Middle-aged adult −0.0689 0.187 −0.369 0.712 0.933 0.6476 1.346 |
T202 |
3773-3788 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Education level |
T203 |
3789-3851 |
Sentence |
denotes |
High–Low −1.0647 0.340 −3.132 0.002 0.345 0.1771 0.671 |
T204 |
3852-3916 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Medium–Low −0.8205 0.332 −2.474 0.013 0.440 0.2298 0.843 |
T205 |
3917-3940 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Change in eating habits |
T206 |
3941-4011 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Improved–No change 0.3883 0.268 1.450 0.147 1.474 0.8724 2.492 |
T207 |
4012-4083 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Worsened–No change 1.3103 0.266 4.930 <0.001 3.707 2.2019 6.242 |
T208 |
4084-4151 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Mixed–No change 0.8088 0.280 2.885 0.004 2.245 1.2960 3.890 |
T209 |
4152-4343 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Table A4 Results of Multivariate Regression Analysis Models, with Quality of Sleep as Dependent Variable and Feeling of Tension and Sociodemographic Characteristics as Independent Variables. |
T210 |
4344-4367 |
Sentence |
denotes |
95% Confidence Interval |
T211 |
4368-4424 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Predictor Estimate SE Z p Odds Ratio Lower Upper |
T212 |
4425-4490 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Intercept −1.61890 0.371 −4.3681 <0.001 0.198 0.0958 0.410 |
T213 |
4491-4494 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Sex |
T214 |
4495-4562 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Male–Female −0.74502 0.266 −2.8051 0.005 0.475 0.2821 0.799 |
T215 |
4563-4572 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Age class |
T216 |
4573-4639 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Aged–Adult −0.40416 0.406 −0.9958 0.319 0.668 0.3013 1.479 |
T217 |
4640-4711 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Middle-aged adult 0.00382 0.190 0.0202 0.984 1.004 0.6924 1.455 |
T218 |
4712-4727 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Education level |
T219 |
4728-4792 |
Sentence |
denotes |
High–Low −1.11701 0.359 −3.1102 0.002 0.327 0.1619 0.662 |
T220 |
4793-4859 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Medium–Low −0.81351 0.353 −2.3049 0.021 0.443 0.2220 0.885 |
T221 |
4860-4867 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Tension |
T222 |
4868-4929 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Yes–No 1.25585 0.184 6.8324 <0.001 3.511 2.4488 5.033 |
T223 |
4930-5119 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Table A5 Results of Multivariate Regression Analysis Models, with Quality of Sleep as Dependent Variable and Feeling of Upset and Sociodemographic Characteristics as Independent Variables. |
T224 |
5120-5143 |
Sentence |
denotes |
95% Confidence Interval |
T225 |
5144-5200 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Predictor Estimate SE Z p Odds Ratio Lower Upper |
T226 |
5201-5263 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Intercept −1.4162 0.367 −3.863 <0.001 0.243 0.118 0.498 |
T227 |
5264-5267 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Sex |
T228 |
5268-5332 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Male–Female −0.8490 0.272 −3.116 0.002 0.428 0.251 0.730 |
T229 |
5333-5342 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Age class |
T230 |
5343-5406 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Aged–Adult −0.6390 0.424 −1.507 0.132 0.528 0.230 1.212 |
T231 |
5407-5477 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Middle-aged Adult −0.0489 0.190 −0.257 0.797 0.952 0.656 1.382 |
T232 |
5478-5493 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Education level |
T233 |
5494-5556 |
Sentence |
denotes |
High–Low −1.2453 0.358 −3.483 <0.001 0.288 0.143 0.580 |
T234 |
5557-5620 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Medium–Low −0.9358 0.352 −2.657 0.008 0.392 0.197 0.782 |
T235 |
5621-5626 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Upset |
T236 |
5627-5685 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Yes–No 1.1042 0.184 6.012 <0.001 3.017 2.105 4.324 |
T237 |
5686-5875 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Table A6 Results of Multivariate Regression Analysis Models, with Quality of Sleep as Dependent Variable and Feeling of Worry and Sociodemographic Characteristics as Independent Variables. |
T238 |
5876-5899 |
Sentence |
denotes |
95% Confidence Interval |
T239 |
5900-5956 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Predictor Estimate SE Z p Odds Ratio Lower Upper |
T240 |
5957-6019 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Intercept −1.647 0.374 −4.41 <0 .001 0.193 0.0926 0.400 |
T241 |
6020-6023 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Sex |
T242 |
6024-6087 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Male–Female −0.624 0.254 −2.46 0.014 0.536 0.3254 0.882 |
T243 |
6088-6097 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Age class |
T244 |
6098-6160 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Aged–Adult −0.653 0.380 −1.72 0.086 0.520 0.2471 1.096 |
T245 |
6161-6230 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Middle-aged adult −0.203 0.188 −1.08 0.280 0.817 0.5652 1.180 |
T246 |
6231-6246 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Education level |
T247 |
6247-6307 |
Sentence |
denotes |
High–Low −1.093 0.350 −3.12 0.002 0.335 0.1688 0.666 |
T248 |
6308-6370 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Medium–Low −0.796 0.343 −2.32 0.020 0.451 0.2305 0.883 |
T249 |
6371-6376 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Worry |
T250 |
6377-6434 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Yes–No 0.836 0.186 4.48 <0.001 2.306 1.6003 3.324 |
T251 |
6435-6623 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Table A7 Results of Multivariate Regression Analysis Models, with Quality of Sleep as Dependent Variable and Feeling of Fear and Sociodemographic Characteristics as Independent Variables. |
T252 |
6624-6647 |
Sentence |
denotes |
95% Confidence Interval |
T253 |
6648-6704 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Predictor Estimate SE Z p Odds Ratio Lower Upper |
T254 |
6705-6767 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Intercept −1.309 0.365 −3.584 <0 .001 0.270 0.132 0.553 |
T255 |
6768-6771 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Sex |
T256 |
6772-6835 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Male–Female −0.735 0.266 −2.760 0.006 0.480 0.285 0.808 |
T257 |
6836-6845 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Age class |
T258 |
6846-6908 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Aged–Adult −0.773 0.422 −1.832 0.067 0.462 0.202 1.055 |
T259 |
6909-6978 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Middle-aged adult −0.160 0.189 −0.847 0.397 0.852 0.588 1.234 |
T260 |
6979-6994 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Education level |
T261 |
6995-7055 |
Sentence |
denotes |
High–Low −1.184 0.362 −3.268 0.001 0.306 0.150 0.623 |
T262 |
7056-7118 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Medium–Low −0.904 0.356 −2.537 0.011 0.405 0.201 0.814 |
T263 |
7119-7123 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Fear |
T264 |
7124-7181 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Yes–No 0.884 0.195 4.536 <0.001 2.421 1.652 3.548 |
T265 |
7182-7376 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Table A8 Results of Multivariate Regression Analysis Models, with Quality of Sleep as Dependent Variable and Feeling of Loneliness and Sociodemographic Characteristics as Independent Variables. |
T266 |
7377-7400 |
Sentence |
denotes |
95% Confidence Interval |
T267 |
7401-7457 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Predictor Estimate SE Z p Odds Ratio Lower Upper |
T268 |
7458-7519 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Intercept −1.354 0.374 −3.620 <0.001 0.258 0.124 0.538 |
T269 |
7520-7523 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Sex |
T270 |
7524-7587 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Male–Female −0.836 0.264 −3.161 0.002 0.434 0.258 0.728 |
T271 |
7588-7597 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Age class |
T272 |
7598-7660 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Aged–Adult −0.815 0.424 −1.923 0.054 0.443 0.193 1.016 |
T273 |
7661-7730 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Middle-aged adult −0.140 0.192 −0.730 0.466 0.869 0.596 1.267 |
T274 |
7731-7746 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Education level |
T275 |
7747-7807 |
Sentence |
denotes |
High–Low −1.153 0.368 −3.130 0.002 0.316 0.153 0.650 |
T276 |
7808-7870 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Medium–Low −0.886 0.362 −2.448 0.014 0.412 0.203 0.838 |
T277 |
7871-7881 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Loneliness |
T278 |
7882-7939 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Yes–No 1.122 0.199 5.635 <0.001 3.070 2.079 4.536 |
T279 |
7940-8135 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Table A9 Results of Multivariate Regression Analysis Models, with Quality of Sleep as Dependent Variable and Feeling of Uncertainty and Sociodemographic Characteristics as Independent Variables. |
T280 |
8136-8159 |
Sentence |
denotes |
95% Confidence Interval |
T281 |
8160-8216 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Predictor Estimate SE Z p Odds Ratio Lower Upper |
T282 |
8217-8279 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Intercept −1.874 0.383 −4.893 <0.001 0.154 0.0725 0.325 |
T283 |
8280-8283 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Sex |
T284 |
8284-8348 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Male–Female −0.651 0.252 −2.577 0.010 0.522 0.3181 0.856 |
T285 |
8349-8358 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Age class |
T286 |
8359-8422 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Aged–Adult −0.816 0.398 −2.051 0.040 0.442 0.2028 0.964 |
T287 |
8423-8493 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Middle-aged adult −0.144 0.188 −0.769 0.442 0.866 0.5994 1.250 |
T288 |
8494-8509 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Education level |
T289 |
8510-8571 |
Sentence |
denotes |
High–Low −1.119 0.351 −3.191 0.001 0.327 0.1643 0.649 |
T290 |
8572-8635 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Medium–Low −0.770 0.341 −2.259 0.024 0.463 0.2375 0.903 |
T291 |
8636-8647 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Uncertainty |
T292 |
8648-8706 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Yes–No 1.000 0.206 4.853 <0.001 2.717 1.8146 4.069 |
T293 |
8707-8712 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Note. |
T294 |
8713-8816 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Estimates represent the log odds of “good sleep quality category” versus “poor sleep quality category”. |