Id |
Subject |
Object |
Predicate |
Lexical cue |
T204 |
0-55 |
Sentence |
denotes |
4.3 Comparison with previous studies focusing on PM2.5 |
T205 |
56-164 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Our study is comparable with previous studies assessing the long-term effect of PM2.5 on COVID-19 mortality. |
T206 |
165-268 |
Sentence |
denotes |
The aforementioned study in the US also assessed the effect of PM2.5 on COVID-19 mortality(Liang et al. |
T207 |
269-275 |
Sentence |
denotes |
2020). |
T208 |
276-377 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Their exposure model was previously validated having an R2 = 0.89 for the annual estimates (Di et al. |
T209 |
378-385 |
Sentence |
denotes |
2019b). |
T210 |
386-610 |
Sentence |
denotes |
The evidence for PM2.5 was weak, namely 10.8% (95% CI:-1.1%, 24.1%) per 3.4 μg/m3 increase in PM2.5 concentration (that is approximately 3.2% increase per 1 μg/m3) after adjusting for confounding and spatial autocorrelation. |
T211 |
611-785 |
Sentence |
denotes |
The ONS report in England found a 1% (95% CI: −3%, 6%) increase in the COVID-19 mortality for every 1 μg/m3 increase in the 10-year averaged PM2.5 exposure (Statistics 2020). |
T212 |
786-940 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Our study comes in contrast with another study in the US that used deaths reported until April 22nd, 2020 and counties as the geographical unit (Wu et al. |
T213 |
941-947 |
Sentence |
denotes |
2020). |
T214 |
948-1059 |
Sentence |
denotes |
For the exposure, they used previously validated monthly PM2.5 concentrations (R2 = 0.70) (Van Donkelaar et al. |
T215 |
1060-1105 |
Sentence |
denotes |
2019) and averaged them during 2000 and 2016. |
T216 |
1106-1201 |
Sentence |
denotes |
After adjusting for confounding but not for spatial autocorrelation, they found an 11% (95% CI: |
T217 |
1202-1307 |
Sentence |
denotes |
6%, 17%) increase in the COVID-19 death rate for an increase of 1 μg/m3 in PM2.5 concentration (Wu et al. |
T218 |
1308-1314 |
Sentence |
denotes |
2020). |
T219 |
1315-1408 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Our study comes also in contrast with the study in the Netherlands that reported 2.3 (95% CI: |
T220 |
1409-1531 |
Sentence |
denotes |
1.3, 3.0) additional COVID-19 deaths for an increase of 1 μg/m3 in the averaged long-term PM2.5 concentration (Cole et al. |
T221 |
1532-1538 |
Sentence |
denotes |
2020). |
T222 |
1539-1717 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Having a mean number of deaths equal to 16.86, the above estimate translates to a 13.6% increase in the COVID-19 mortality rate for an increase of 1 μg/m3 in PM2.5 concentration. |