PMC:7786642 / 22515-24377 JSONTXT

{"target":"https://pubannotation.org/docs/sourcedb/PMC/sourceid/7786642","sourcedb":"PMC","sourceid":"7786642","source_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/7786642","text":"4.2 Comparison with previous studies focusing on NO2\nOur study is comparable with previous studies in the US, England and the Netherlands assessing the long-term effect of NO2 in COVID-19 mortality. The study in the US focused on deaths reported by April 29, 2020, using 3122 counties. For the exposure, they calculated the mean of daily concentrations during 2010–2016 as modelled by a previously described ensemble machine learning model (R2 = 0.79) (Di et al., 2019a). They reported a 7.1% (95% Confidence Interval: 1.2%, 13.4%) increase in mortality per 4.5 ppb (1 ppb = 1.25 μg/m3) increase in NO2 after adjusting for confounders and spatial autocorrelation(Liang et al. 2020)(that is approximately 1.3% increase per 1 μg/m3). A study in England, with partly overlapping data as in our analysis, also reported a significant association between NO2 and COVID-19 mortality (p \u003c 0.05). For the analysis they focused on COVID-19 deaths reported in England up to April 10, 2020, used 317 LTLAs, and did not account for spatial autocorrelation (Travaglio et al. 2020). The study in the Netherlands using 335 municipalities, mean exposure during 2015–2019 and COVID-19 deaths up to June 5, 2020 reported 0.35 (95% CI: 0.04, 0.66) additional COVID-19 deaths for every 1 μg/m3 increase in NO2 after adjusting for confounders and certain spatial controls, such as transmission beyond the Dutch national borders (Cole et al. 2020). Since the mean number of deaths in their sample is 16.86, the above estimate translates to a 2.0% increase in the COVID-19 mortality for every 1 μg/m3 increase in NO2. An ONS report in England using 175 sampling units, 10-year averaged NO2 exposure (PCM) and COVID-19 deaths up to June 12, 2020 found a 0.6% (95% CI: −0.1%, 2.2%) increase in the COVID-19 mortality for every 1 μg/m3 increase in averaged NO2 exposure (Statistics 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