Id |
Subject |
Object |
Predicate |
Lexical cue |
T189 |
0-53 |
Sentence |
denotes |
4.2 Comparison with previous studies focusing on NO2 |
T190 |
54-199 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Our study is comparable with previous studies in the US, England and the Netherlands assessing the long-term effect of NO2 in COVID-19 mortality. |
T191 |
200-286 |
Sentence |
denotes |
The study in the US focused on deaths reported by April 29, 2020, using 3122 counties. |
T192 |
287-472 |
Sentence |
denotes |
For the exposure, they calculated the mean of daily concentrations during 2010–2016 as modelled by a previously described ensemble machine learning model (R2 = 0.79) (Di et al., 2019a). |
T193 |
473-519 |
Sentence |
denotes |
They reported a 7.1% (95% Confidence Interval: |
T194 |
520-676 |
Sentence |
denotes |
1.2%, 13.4%) increase in mortality per 4.5 ppb (1 ppb = 1.25 μg/m3) increase in NO2 after adjusting for confounders and spatial autocorrelation(Liang et al. |
T195 |
677-732 |
Sentence |
denotes |
2020)(that is approximately 1.3% increase per 1 μg/m3). |
T196 |
733-888 |
Sentence |
denotes |
A study in England, with partly overlapping data as in our analysis, also reported a significant association between NO2 and COVID-19 mortality (p < 0.05). |
T197 |
889-1061 |
Sentence |
denotes |
For the analysis they focused on COVID-19 deaths reported in England up to April 10, 2020, used 317 LTLAs, and did not account for spatial autocorrelation (Travaglio et al. |
T198 |
1062-1068 |
Sentence |
denotes |
2020). |
T199 |
1069-1216 |
Sentence |
denotes |
The study in the Netherlands using 335 municipalities, mean exposure during 2015–2019 and COVID-19 deaths up to June 5, 2020 reported 0.35 (95% CI: |
T200 |
1217-1419 |
Sentence |
denotes |
0.04, 0.66) additional COVID-19 deaths for every 1 μg/m3 increase in NO2 after adjusting for confounders and certain spatial controls, such as transmission beyond the Dutch national borders (Cole et al. |
T201 |
1420-1426 |
Sentence |
denotes |
2020). |
T202 |
1427-1594 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Since the mean number of deaths in their sample is 16.86, the above estimate translates to a 2.0% increase in the COVID-19 mortality for every 1 μg/m3 increase in NO2. |
T203 |
1595-1862 |
Sentence |
denotes |
An ONS report in England using 175 sampling units, 10-year averaged NO2 exposure (PCM) and COVID-19 deaths up to June 12, 2020 found a 0.6% (95% CI: −0.1%, 2.2%) increase in the COVID-19 mortality for every 1 μg/m3 increase in averaged NO2 exposure (Statistics 2020). |