Id |
Subject |
Object |
Predicate |
Lexical cue |
T523 |
0-185 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Deep immune profiling integrated with computational approach revealed intricate relations of B cell response with clinical parameters at various stages of the COVID-19 disease severity. |
T524 |
186-298 |
Sentence |
denotes |
These cells express proliferation (Ki67+), differentiation (CD27+ CD38+), as well as exhaustion markers (PD-1+). |
T525 |
299-466 |
Sentence |
denotes |
More robust expression of these markers was observed in severe cases compared to mild-moderate, with an overall decrease in memory B cell number (Mathew et al., 2020). |
T526 |
467-621 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Further, 70% of the patients reported have IgG and IgM S protein-specific antibodies, suggesting activation status of the antibody-secreting plasmablasts. |
T527 |
622-793 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Thus, this study shows that B cells, in severe cases, display concomitant activation and exhaustion markers, while mild cases or healthy controls showed a normal response. |
T528 |
794-890 |
Sentence |
denotes |
However, how this activated status of B cells had an impact on disease severity was not studied. |
T529 |
891-1111 |
Sentence |
denotes |
By looking at the alleged relationship of activated B cells with disease severity, Woodruff et al. (2020) showed robust activation status of extrafollicular B cells which resembled their behavior in autoimmune condition. |
T530 |
1112-1353 |
Sentence |
denotes |
The activation status of these cells was found more pronounced in critically ill patients (n = 10) than non-critical (n = 7) and healthy control (n = 17), which correlated with SARS-CoV-2-specific antibody production and disease progression. |
T531 |
1354-1572 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Further, an increase in antibody-secreting cells (ASCs) was found in critically ill cases compared to non-severe cases along with an increase in S protein-specific antibodies, probably with a non-neutralizing property. |
T532 |
1573-1783 |
Sentence |
denotes |
This study shows that in some patients with a critical disease condition, robust B cell response and presence of SARS-CoV-2 antigen-specific antibodies may be associated with worsening of the disease condition. |
T533 |
1784-1871 |
Sentence |
denotes |
The ASCs were identified as the population of cells with CD138+ and CD21low expression. |
T534 |
1872-1960 |
Sentence |
denotes |
However, no comparison was drawn between various age groups concerning disease severity. |
T535 |
1961-2097 |
Sentence |
denotes |
While across studies, B cell activation is apparent in severe cases, it is subsequently associated with a sharp decline in their number. |
T536 |
2098-2238 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Various mechanisms may be responsible for this decline, among which B cell exhaustion is one, but still poorly understood (Yi et al., 2010). |