PMC:7646410 / 49524-50316 JSONTXT

{"target":"https://pubannotation.org/docs/sourcedb/PMC/sourceid/7646410","sourcedb":"PMC","sourceid":"7646410","source_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/7646410","text":"Although patients typically present with respiratory illness, up to 40% of patients with COVID-19 present with digestive symptoms, which include diarrhea, vomiting, and acute abdominal pain (36–38). Additionally, patients with COVID-19 commonly develop elevated liver enzymes and biliary stasis (39). The coronavirus RNA was readily detected in stool specimens of patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection, and the results of electron microscopy of biopsy and autopsy specimens confirmed active viral replication in both the small and large intestines (40–42). SARS-CoV-2 tropism to the gastrointestinal tract is likely due to its abundant expression of ACE2 receptors, specifically in the esophagus, stomach, duodenum, small and large intestine (including the rectum), and biliary endothelium (43).","tracks":[{"project":"LitCovid-PD-FMA-UBERON","denotations":[{"id":"T286","span":{"begin":262,"end":267},"obj":"Body_part"},{"id":"T287","span":{"begin":317,"end":320},"obj":"Body_part"},{"id":"T288","span":{"begin":345,"end":350},"obj":"Body_part"},{"id":"T289","span":{"begin":528,"end":544},"obj":"Body_part"},{"id":"T290","span":{"begin":580,"end":602},"obj":"Body_part"},{"id":"T291","span":{"begin":683,"end":692},"obj":"Body_part"},{"id":"T292","span":{"begin":694,"end":701},"obj":"Body_part"},{"id":"T293","span":{"begin":703,"end":711},"obj":"Body_part"},{"id":"T294","span":{"begin":723,"end":738},"obj":"Body_part"},{"id":"T295","span":{"begin":754,"end":760},"obj":"Body_part"},{"id":"T296","span":{"begin":775,"end":786},"obj":"Body_part"}],"attributes":[{"id":"A286","pred":"fma_id","subj":"T286","obj":"http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma7197"},{"id":"A287","pred":"fma_id","subj":"T287","obj":"http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma67095"},{"id":"A288","pred":"fma_id","subj":"T288","obj":"http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma64183"},{"id":"A289","pred":"fma_id","subj":"T289","obj":"http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma7201"},{"id":"A290","pred":"fma_id","subj":"T290","obj":"http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma71132"},{"id":"A291","pred":"fma_id","subj":"T291","obj":"http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma7131"},{"id":"A292","pred":"fma_id","subj":"T292","obj":"http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma7148"},{"id":"A293","pred":"fma_id","subj":"T293","obj":"http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma7206"},{"id":"A294","pred":"fma_id","subj":"T294","obj":"http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma7201"},{"id":"A295","pred":"fma_id","subj":"T295","obj":"http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma14544"},{"id":"A296","pred":"fma_id","subj":"T296","obj":"http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma63916"},{"subj":"T286","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PD-FMA-UBERON"},{"subj":"T287","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PD-FMA-UBERON"},{"subj":"T288","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PD-FMA-UBERON"},{"subj":"T289","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PD-FMA-UBERON"},{"subj":"T290","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PD-FMA-UBERON"},{"subj":"T291","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PD-FMA-UBERON"},{"subj":"T292","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PD-FMA-UBERON"},{"subj":"T293","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PD-FMA-UBERON"},{"subj":"T294","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PD-FMA-UBERON"},{"subj":"T295","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PD-FMA-UBERON"},{"subj":"T296","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PD-FMA-UBERON"}]},{"project":"LitCovid-PD-UBERON","denotations":[{"id":"T354","span":{"begin":262,"end":267},"obj":"Body_part"},{"id":"T355","span":{"begin":345,"end":350},"obj":"Body_part"},{"id":"T356","span":{"begin":528,"end":544},"obj":"Body_part"},{"id":"T357","span":{"begin":683,"end":692},"obj":"Body_part"},{"id":"T358","span":{"begin":694,"end":701},"obj":"Body_part"},{"id":"T359","span":{"begin":703,"end":711},"obj":"Body_part"},{"id":"T360","span":{"begin":723,"end":738},"obj":"Body_part"},{"id":"T361","span":{"begin":729,"end":738},"obj":"Body_part"},{"id":"T362","span":{"begin":754,"end":760},"obj":"Body_part"},{"id":"T363","span":{"begin":775,"end":786},"obj":"Body_part"}],"attributes":[{"id":"A354","pred":"uberon_id","subj":"T354","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002107"},{"id":"A355","pred":"uberon_id","subj":"T355","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001988"},{"id":"A356","pred":"uberon_id","subj":"T356","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000059"},{"id":"A357","pred":"uberon_id","subj":"T357","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001043"},{"id":"A358","pred":"uberon_id","subj":"T358","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000945"},{"id":"A359","pred":"uberon_id","subj":"T359","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002114"},{"id":"A360","pred":"uberon_id","subj":"T360","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000059"},{"id":"A361","pred":"uberon_id","subj":"T361","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000160"},{"id":"A362","pred":"uberon_id","subj":"T362","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001052"},{"id":"A363","pred":"uberon_id","subj":"T363","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001986"},{"subj":"T354","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PD-UBERON"},{"subj":"T355","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PD-UBERON"},{"subj":"T356","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PD-UBERON"},{"subj":"T357","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PD-UBERON"},{"subj":"T358","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PD-UBERON"},{"subj":"T359","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PD-UBERON"},{"subj":"T360","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PD-UBERON"},{"subj":"T361","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PD-UBERON"},{"subj":"T362","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PD-UBERON"},{"subj":"T363","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PD-UBERON"}]},{"project":"LitCovid-PD-HP","denotations":[{"id":"T236","span":{"begin":41,"end":60},"obj":"Phenotype"},{"id":"T237","span":{"begin":145,"end":153},"obj":"Phenotype"},{"id":"T238","span":{"begin":155,"end":163},"obj":"Phenotype"},{"id":"T239","span":{"begin":175,"end":189},"obj":"Phenotype"},{"id":"T240","span":{"begin":253,"end":275},"obj":"Phenotype"}],"attributes":[{"id":"A236","pred":"hp_id","subj":"T236","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0002086"},{"id":"A237","pred":"hp_id","subj":"T237","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0002014"},{"id":"A238","pred":"hp_id","subj":"T238","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0002013"},{"id":"A239","pred":"hp_id","subj":"T239","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0002027"},{"id":"A240","pred":"hp_id","subj":"T240","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0002910"},{"subj":"T236","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PD-HP"},{"subj":"T237","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PD-HP"},{"subj":"T238","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PD-HP"},{"subj":"T239","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PD-HP"},{"subj":"T240","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PD-HP"}]},{"project":"LitCovid-PD-MONDO","denotations":[{"id":"T364","span":{"begin":89,"end":97},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"T365","span":{"begin":145,"end":153},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"T366","span":{"begin":227,"end":235},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"T367","span":{"begin":378,"end":386},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"T368","span":{"begin":378,"end":382},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"T369","span":{"begin":389,"end":398},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"T370","span":{"begin":554,"end":562},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"T371","span":{"begin":554,"end":558},"obj":"Disease"}],"attributes":[{"id":"A364","pred":"mondo_id","subj":"T364","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096"},{"id":"A365","pred":"mondo_id","subj":"T365","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0001673"},{"id":"A366","pred":"mondo_id","subj":"T366","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096"},{"id":"A367","pred":"mondo_id","subj":"T367","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091"},{"id":"A368","pred":"mondo_id","subj":"T368","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091"},{"id":"A369","pred":"mondo_id","subj":"T369","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005550"},{"id":"A370","pred":"mondo_id","subj":"T370","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091"},{"id":"A371","pred":"mondo_id","subj":"T371","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091"},{"subj":"T364","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PD-MONDO"},{"subj":"T365","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PD-MONDO"},{"subj":"T366","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PD-MONDO"},{"subj":"T367","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PD-MONDO"},{"subj":"T368","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PD-MONDO"},{"subj":"T369","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PD-MONDO"},{"subj":"T370","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PD-MONDO"},{"subj":"T371","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PD-MONDO"}]},{"project":"LitCovid-PD-CLO","denotations":[{"id":"T720","span":{"begin":191,"end":193},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001313"},{"id":"T721","span":{"begin":262,"end":267},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002107"},{"id":"T722","span":{"begin":262,"end":267},"obj":"http://www.ebi.ac.uk/efo/EFO_0000887"},{"id":"T723","span":{"begin":481,"end":487},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001658"},{"id":"T724","span":{"begin":528,"end":544},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000059"},{"id":"T725","span":{"begin":528,"end":544},"obj":"http://www.ebi.ac.uk/efo/EFO_0000840"},{"id":"T726","span":{"begin":580,"end":602},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005409"},{"id":"T727","span":{"begin":683,"end":692},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001043"},{"id":"T728","span":{"begin":723,"end":738},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000059"},{"id":"T729","span":{"begin":723,"end":738},"obj":"http://www.ebi.ac.uk/efo/EFO_0000840"},{"id":"T730","span":{"begin":754,"end":760},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001052"},{"id":"T731","span":{"begin":754,"end":760},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006866"},{"id":"T732","span":{"begin":775,"end":786},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001986"}],"attributes":[{"subj":"T720","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PD-CLO"},{"subj":"T721","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PD-CLO"},{"subj":"T722","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PD-CLO"},{"subj":"T723","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PD-CLO"},{"subj":"T724","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PD-CLO"},{"subj":"T725","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PD-CLO"},{"subj":"T726","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PD-CLO"},{"subj":"T727","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PD-CLO"},{"subj":"T728","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PD-CLO"},{"subj":"T729","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PD-CLO"},{"subj":"T730","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PD-CLO"},{"subj":"T731","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PD-CLO"},{"subj":"T732","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PD-CLO"}]},{"project":"LitCovid-PD-CHEBI","denotations":[{"id":"T86646","span":{"begin":419,"end":427},"obj":"Chemical"}],"attributes":[{"id":"A56534","pred":"chebi_id","subj":"T86646","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_10545"},{"subj":"T86646","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PD-CHEBI"}]},{"project":"LitCovid-PD-GO-BP","denotations":[{"id":"T10924","span":{"begin":481,"end":505},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903902"},{"id":"T44741","span":{"begin":488,"end":505},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0019079"},{"id":"T20","span":{"begin":488,"end":505},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0019058"},{"id":"T21","span":{"begin":565,"end":572},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009606"}],"attributes":[{"subj":"T10924","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PD-GO-BP"},{"subj":"T44741","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PD-GO-BP"},{"subj":"T20","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PD-GO-BP"},{"subj":"T21","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PD-GO-BP"}]},{"project":"LitCovid-sentences","denotations":[{"id":"T222","span":{"begin":0,"end":198},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T223","span":{"begin":199,"end":300},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T224","span":{"begin":301,"end":553},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T225","span":{"begin":554,"end":792},"obj":"Sentence"}],"namespaces":[{"prefix":"_base","uri":"http://pubannotation.org/ontology/tao.owl#"}],"attributes":[{"subj":"T222","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-sentences"},{"subj":"T223","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-sentences"},{"subj":"T224","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-sentences"},{"subj":"T225","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-sentences"}]},{"project":"LitCovid-PubTator","denotations":[{"id":"1659","span":{"begin":647,"end":651},"obj":"Gene"},{"id":"1660","span":{"begin":9,"end":17},"obj":"Species"},{"id":"1661","span":{"begin":75,"end":83},"obj":"Species"},{"id":"1662","span":{"begin":213,"end":221},"obj":"Species"},{"id":"1663","span":{"begin":305,"end":316},"obj":"Species"},{"id":"1664","span":{"begin":364,"end":372},"obj":"Species"},{"id":"1665","span":{"begin":554,"end":564},"obj":"Species"},{"id":"1666","span":{"begin":41,"end":60},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"1667","span":{"begin":89,"end":97},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"1668","span":{"begin":145,"end":153},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"1669","span":{"begin":155,"end":163},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"1670","span":{"begin":175,"end":189},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"1671","span":{"begin":227,"end":235},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"1672","span":{"begin":280,"end":294},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"1673","span":{"begin":378,"end":398},"obj":"Disease"}],"attributes":[{"id":"A1659","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"1659","obj":"Gene:59272"},{"id":"A1660","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"1660","obj":"Tax:9606"},{"id":"A1661","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"1661","obj":"Tax:9606"},{"id":"A1662","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"1662","obj":"Tax:9606"},{"id":"A1663","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"1663","obj":"Tax:11118"},{"id":"A1664","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"1664","obj":"Tax:9606"},{"id":"A1665","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"1665","obj":"Tax:2697049"},{"id":"A1666","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"1666","obj":"MESH:D012140"},{"id":"A1667","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"1667","obj":"MESH:C000657245"},{"id":"A1668","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"1668","obj":"MESH:D003967"},{"id":"A1669","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"1669","obj":"MESH:D014839"},{"id":"A1670","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"1670","obj":"MESH:D015746"},{"id":"A1671","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"1671","obj":"MESH:C000657245"},{"id":"A1672","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"1672","obj":"MESH:D002779"},{"id":"A1673","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"1673","obj":"MESH:C000657245"},{"subj":"1659","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PubTator"},{"subj":"1660","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PubTator"},{"subj":"1661","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PubTator"},{"subj":"1662","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PubTator"},{"subj":"1663","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PubTator"},{"subj":"1664","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PubTator"},{"subj":"1665","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PubTator"},{"subj":"1666","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PubTator"},{"subj":"1667","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PubTator"},{"subj":"1668","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PubTator"},{"subj":"1669","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PubTator"},{"subj":"1670","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PubTator"},{"subj":"1671","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PubTator"},{"subj":"1672","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PubTator"},{"subj":"1673","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PubTator"}],"namespaces":[{"prefix":"Tax","uri":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/taxonomy/"},{"prefix":"MESH","uri":"https://id.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/"},{"prefix":"Gene","uri":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/"},{"prefix":"CVCL","uri":"https://web.expasy.org/cellosaurus/CVCL_"}]}],"config":{"attribute types":[{"pred":"source","value type":"selection","values":[{"id":"LitCovid-PD-FMA-UBERON","color":"#ecd193","default":true},{"id":"LitCovid-PD-UBERON","color":"#b793ec"},{"id":"LitCovid-PD-HP","color":"#93ec9d"},{"id":"LitCovid-PD-MONDO","color":"#ec93a2"},{"id":"LitCovid-PD-CLO","color":"#93bcec"},{"id":"LitCovid-PD-CHEBI","color":"#d6ec93"},{"id":"LitCovid-PD-GO-BP","color":"#e793ec"},{"id":"LitCovid-sentences","color":"#93eccd"},{"id":"LitCovid-PubTator","color":"#ecb393"}]}]}}