PMC:7605643 / 33361-35428 JSONTXT

{"target":"https://pubannotation.org/docs/sourcedb/PMC/sourceid/7605643","sourcedb":"PMC","sourceid":"7605643","source_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/7605643","text":"In order to come up with the medications to manage SARS-CoV-2 infections, it is important to understand the virus-receptor recognition mechanisms. WHO has declared COVID-19 as a global pandemic and no drug or antiviral treatment has yet been formulated to combat the disease. Hence, repurposing drugs available for other diseases could be a potential treatment strategy against SARS-CoV-2 and can be processed further for COVID-19 trials (Rosa \u0026 Santos, 2020) . SARS-CoV-2 is known to affect lung alveolar epithelial cells via the angiotensin-converting enzyme II (ACE2) as an entry receptor, using receptor-mediated endocytosis. ACE2 (Angiotensin converting enzyme 2) is an important player in mediating the viral entry into the host cell. ACE2 is expressed in GI tract, endocrine tissues, kidneys, liver/gall bladder, testis and to smaller extents in lungs and is known to regulate cardiovascular functions, renal functions, and fertility. The newly conferred function for ACE2 is, it being a receptor for the S-protein i.e. spikes glycoprotein of all the human coronavirus such as SARS-CoV, HCoV-NL63 and SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19 virus). The Receptor Binding Domain (RBD) of spike proteins and ACE2 receptors come in direct contact and initiate fusion with cell membrane (Kim, 2020; Robson, 2020). Since this interaction is essential for SARS-CoV-2 entry into the host cell and infection, this S-RBD–ACE2 interface can be the main target for vaccine developers (Shang et al., 2020). Also, most importantly the next proteins in the signaling pathway after attachment of S-RBD-ACE2 will decide the fate of the infection and severity in body. The information about disturbed signaling pathways in COVID-19 is of utmost importance as this can guide the route and treatment plans. It is well known that attachment of virus to the receptor protein releases signals which help the virus to replicate and spread in body. Therefore, a protein interaction network was sketched around ACE2 to decipher the pathways which will be impacted instantly when virus will attach to 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