PMC:7600245 / 82085-83627 JSONTXT

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For example, the viral entry is initially mediated by interactions between the viral spike S protein and the host cell receptor ACE2. Furin, TMPRSS2, and cathepsin L enzymes are also important for the early stage of the viral infection. Importantly, the later stage of the viral life cycle involves a different set of virus–host interactions that are mediated by a different set of enzymes. For example, the virus genetic material replication is catalyzed by RdRp and requires nucleotides that are provided by the host cell and biosynthesized by enzymes such as inosine monophosphate dehydrogenase and dihydroorotate dehydrogenase. Furthermore, the resulting viral proteins require further processing which takes place by the action of by Mpro and 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