PMC:7600245 / 29542-30498 JSONTXT

{"project":"LitCovid-PD-FMA-UBERON","denotations":[{"id":"T122","span":{"begin":147,"end":152},"obj":"Body_part"},{"id":"T123","span":{"begin":760,"end":767},"obj":"Body_part"},{"id":"T124","span":{"begin":822,"end":825},"obj":"Body_part"},{"id":"T125","span":{"begin":899,"end":902},"obj":"Body_part"}],"attributes":[{"id":"A122","pred":"fma_id","subj":"T122","obj":"http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma68646"},{"id":"A123","pred":"fma_id","subj":"T123","obj":"http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma67257"},{"id":"A124","pred":"fma_id","subj":"T124","obj":"http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma278683"},{"id":"A125","pred":"fma_id","subj":"T125","obj":"http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma278683"}],"text":"The rationale for using lopinavir is attributed to multiple studies. Lopinavir exhibited an antiviral activity against SARS-CoV-2 virus in Vero E6 cells with an estimated EC50 value of 26.63 μM [85]. Computational studies have also suggested that lopinavir may inhibit the viral main protease Mpro, perhaps by targeting its active site [86,87]. Earlier, lopinavir exhibited in vitro activity against SARS-CoV-1 and MERS-CoV [88,89,90]. It also showed beneficial effects in animal studies for the treatment of MERS-CoV [91,92]. Furthermore, there is an evidence of some clinical benefit for lopinavir/ritonavir when used with ribavirin and/or INFs against MERS-CoV and SARS-CoV [88,93,94]. Yet, coronavirus proteases, including Mpro, do not have a C2-symmetric protein architecture which is the target of lopinavir and all HIV-1 protease inhibitors. This subsequently sheds doubts on the prospect of HIV-1 aspartate protease inhibitors in treating COVID-19."}

{"project":"LitCovid-PD-MONDO","denotations":[{"id":"T110","span":{"begin":119,"end":127},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"T111","span":{"begin":400,"end":408},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"T112","span":{"begin":668,"end":676},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"T113","span":{"begin":947,"end":955},"obj":"Disease"}],"attributes":[{"id":"A110","pred":"mondo_id","subj":"T110","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091"},{"id":"A111","pred":"mondo_id","subj":"T111","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091"},{"id":"A112","pred":"mondo_id","subj":"T112","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091"},{"id":"A113","pred":"mondo_id","subj":"T113","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096"}],"text":"The rationale for using lopinavir is attributed to multiple studies. Lopinavir exhibited an antiviral activity against SARS-CoV-2 virus in Vero E6 cells with an estimated EC50 value of 26.63 μM [85]. Computational studies have also suggested that lopinavir may inhibit the viral main protease Mpro, perhaps by targeting its active site [86,87]. Earlier, lopinavir exhibited in vitro activity against SARS-CoV-1 and MERS-CoV [88,89,90]. It also showed beneficial effects in animal studies for the treatment of MERS-CoV [91,92]. Furthermore, there is an evidence of some clinical benefit for lopinavir/ritonavir when used with ribavirin and/or INFs against MERS-CoV and SARS-CoV [88,93,94]. Yet, coronavirus proteases, including Mpro, do not have a C2-symmetric protein architecture which is the target of lopinavir and all HIV-1 protease inhibitors. This subsequently sheds doubts on the prospect of HIV-1 aspartate protease inhibitors in treating COVID-19."}

{"project":"LitCovid-PD-CLO","denotations":[{"id":"T271","span":{"begin":102,"end":110},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001658"},{"id":"T272","span":{"begin":130,"end":135},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_10239"},{"id":"T273","span":{"begin":139,"end":152},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0051719"},{"id":"T274","span":{"begin":192,"end":197},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0007488"},{"id":"T275","span":{"begin":324,"end":330},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001658"},{"id":"T276","span":{"begin":383,"end":391},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001658"},{"id":"T277","span":{"begin":473,"end":479},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_33208"},{"id":"T278","span":{"begin":745,"end":749},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001649"}],"text":"The rationale for using lopinavir is attributed to multiple studies. Lopinavir exhibited an antiviral activity against SARS-CoV-2 virus in Vero E6 cells with an estimated EC50 value of 26.63 μM [85]. Computational studies have also suggested that lopinavir may inhibit the viral main protease Mpro, perhaps by targeting its active site [86,87]. Earlier, lopinavir exhibited in vitro activity against SARS-CoV-1 and MERS-CoV [88,89,90]. It also showed beneficial effects in animal studies for the treatment of MERS-CoV [91,92]. Furthermore, there is an evidence of some clinical benefit for lopinavir/ritonavir when used with ribavirin and/or INFs against MERS-CoV and SARS-CoV [88,93,94]. Yet, coronavirus proteases, including Mpro, do not have a C2-symmetric protein architecture which is the target of lopinavir and all HIV-1 protease inhibitors. This subsequently sheds doubts on the prospect of HIV-1 aspartate protease inhibitors in treating COVID-19."}

{"project":"LitCovid-PD-CHEBI","denotations":[{"id":"T418","span":{"begin":24,"end":33},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T419","span":{"begin":69,"end":78},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T420","span":{"begin":92,"end":101},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T421","span":{"begin":247,"end":256},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T422","span":{"begin":354,"end":363},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T423","span":{"begin":590,"end":609},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T424","span":{"begin":590,"end":599},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T425","span":{"begin":600,"end":609},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T426","span":{"begin":625,"end":634},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T427","span":{"begin":747,"end":749},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T428","span":{"begin":760,"end":767},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T429","span":{"begin":804,"end":813},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T430","span":{"begin":828,"end":847},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T432","span":{"begin":837,"end":847},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T433","span":{"begin":905,"end":914},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T436","span":{"begin":915,"end":934},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T438","span":{"begin":924,"end":934},"obj":"Chemical"}],"attributes":[{"id":"A418","pred":"chebi_id","subj":"T418","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_31781"},{"id":"A419","pred":"chebi_id","subj":"T419","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_31781"},{"id":"A420","pred":"chebi_id","subj":"T420","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_22587"},{"id":"A421","pred":"chebi_id","subj":"T421","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_31781"},{"id":"A422","pred":"chebi_id","subj":"T422","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_31781"},{"id":"A423","pred":"chebi_id","subj":"T423","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_145924"},{"id":"A424","pred":"chebi_id","subj":"T424","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_31781"},{"id":"A425","pred":"chebi_id","subj":"T425","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_45409"},{"id":"A426","pred":"chebi_id","subj":"T426","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_63580"},{"id":"A427","pred":"chebi_id","subj":"T427","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_30083"},{"id":"A428","pred":"chebi_id","subj":"T428","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36080"},{"id":"A429","pred":"chebi_id","subj":"T429","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_31781"},{"id":"A430","pred":"chebi_id","subj":"T430","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_37670"},{"id":"A431","pred":"chebi_id","subj":"T430","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_60258"},{"id":"A432","pred":"chebi_id","subj":"T432","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35222"},{"id":"A433","pred":"chebi_id","subj":"T433","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_132943"},{"id":"A434","pred":"chebi_id","subj":"T433","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_29995"},{"id":"A435","pred":"chebi_id","subj":"T433","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_72314"},{"id":"A436","pred":"chebi_id","subj":"T436","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_37670"},{"id":"A437","pred":"chebi_id","subj":"T436","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_60258"},{"id":"A438","pred":"chebi_id","subj":"T438","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35222"}],"text":"The rationale for using lopinavir is attributed to multiple studies. Lopinavir exhibited an antiviral activity against SARS-CoV-2 virus in Vero E6 cells with an estimated EC50 value of 26.63 μM [85]. Computational studies have also suggested that lopinavir may inhibit the viral main protease Mpro, perhaps by targeting its active site [86,87]. Earlier, lopinavir exhibited in vitro activity against SARS-CoV-1 and MERS-CoV [88,89,90]. It also showed beneficial effects in animal studies for the treatment of MERS-CoV [91,92]. Furthermore, there is an evidence of some clinical benefit for lopinavir/ritonavir when used with ribavirin and/or INFs against MERS-CoV and SARS-CoV [88,93,94]. Yet, coronavirus proteases, including Mpro, do not have a C2-symmetric protein architecture which is the target of lopinavir and all HIV-1 protease inhibitors. This subsequently sheds doubts on the prospect of HIV-1 aspartate protease inhibitors in treating COVID-19."}

{"project":"LitCovid-sentences","denotations":[{"id":"T217","span":{"begin":0,"end":68},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T218","span":{"begin":69,"end":199},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T219","span":{"begin":200,"end":344},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T220","span":{"begin":345,"end":435},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T221","span":{"begin":436,"end":526},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T222","span":{"begin":527,"end":688},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T223","span":{"begin":689,"end":848},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T224","span":{"begin":849,"end":956},"obj":"Sentence"}],"namespaces":[{"prefix":"_base","uri":"http://pubannotation.org/ontology/tao.owl#"}],"text":"The rationale for using lopinavir is attributed to multiple studies. Lopinavir exhibited an antiviral activity against SARS-CoV-2 virus in Vero E6 cells with an estimated EC50 value of 26.63 μM [85]. Computational studies have also suggested that lopinavir may inhibit the viral main protease Mpro, perhaps by targeting its active site [86,87]. Earlier, lopinavir exhibited in vitro activity against SARS-CoV-1 and MERS-CoV [88,89,90]. It also showed beneficial effects in animal studies for the treatment of MERS-CoV [91,92]. Furthermore, there is an evidence of some clinical benefit for lopinavir/ritonavir when used with ribavirin and/or INFs against MERS-CoV and SARS-CoV [88,93,94]. Yet, coronavirus proteases, including Mpro, do not have a C2-symmetric protein architecture which is the target of lopinavir and all HIV-1 protease inhibitors. This subsequently sheds doubts on the prospect of HIV-1 aspartate protease inhibitors in treating COVID-19."}

{"project":"LitCovid-PubTator","denotations":[{"id":"846","span":{"begin":293,"end":297},"obj":"Gene"},{"id":"847","span":{"begin":727,"end":731},"obj":"Gene"},{"id":"848","span":{"begin":119,"end":129},"obj":"Species"},{"id":"849","span":{"begin":400,"end":408},"obj":"Species"},{"id":"850","span":{"begin":415,"end":423},"obj":"Species"},{"id":"851","span":{"begin":509,"end":517},"obj":"Species"},{"id":"852","span":{"begin":655,"end":663},"obj":"Species"},{"id":"853","span":{"begin":668,"end":676},"obj":"Species"},{"id":"854","span":{"begin":694,"end":705},"obj":"Species"},{"id":"855","span":{"begin":822,"end":827},"obj":"Species"},{"id":"856","span":{"begin":899,"end":904},"obj":"Species"},{"id":"857","span":{"begin":24,"end":33},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"858","span":{"begin":69,"end":78},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"859","span":{"begin":247,"end":256},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"860","span":{"begin":354,"end":363},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"861","span":{"begin":590,"end":609},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"862","span":{"begin":625,"end":634},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"863","span":{"begin":804,"end":813},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"864","span":{"begin":947,"end":955},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"865","span":{"begin":139,"end":146},"obj":"CellLine"}],"attributes":[{"id":"A846","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"846","obj":"Gene:8673700"},{"id":"A847","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"847","obj":"Gene:8673700"},{"id":"A848","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"848","obj":"Tax:2697049"},{"id":"A849","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"849","obj":"Tax:694009"},{"id":"A850","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"850","obj":"Tax:1335626"},{"id":"A851","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"851","obj":"Tax:1335626"},{"id":"A852","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"852","obj":"Tax:1335626"},{"id":"A853","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"853","obj":"Tax:694009"},{"id":"A854","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"854","obj":"Tax:11118"},{"id":"A855","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"855","obj":"Tax:11676"},{"id":"A856","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"856","obj":"Tax:11676"},{"id":"A857","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"857","obj":"MESH:D061466"},{"id":"A858","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"858","obj":"MESH:D061466"},{"id":"A859","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"859","obj":"MESH:D061466"},{"id":"A860","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"860","obj":"MESH:D061466"},{"id":"A861","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"861","obj":"MESH:C558899"},{"id":"A862","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"862","obj":"MESH:D012254"},{"id":"A863","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"863","obj":"MESH:D061466"},{"id":"A864","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"864","obj":"MESH:C000657245"},{"id":"A865","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"865","obj":"CVCL:0574"}],"namespaces":[{"prefix":"Tax","uri":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/taxonomy/"},{"prefix":"MESH","uri":"https://id.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/"},{"prefix":"Gene","uri":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/"},{"prefix":"CVCL","uri":"https://web.expasy.org/cellosaurus/CVCL_"}],"text":"The rationale for using lopinavir is attributed to multiple studies. Lopinavir exhibited an antiviral activity against SARS-CoV-2 virus in Vero E6 cells with an estimated EC50 value of 26.63 μM [85]. Computational studies have also suggested that lopinavir may inhibit the viral main protease Mpro, perhaps by targeting its active site [86,87]. Earlier, lopinavir exhibited in vitro activity against SARS-CoV-1 and MERS-CoV [88,89,90]. It also showed beneficial effects in animal studies for the treatment of MERS-CoV [91,92]. Furthermore, there is an evidence of some clinical benefit for lopinavir/ritonavir when used with ribavirin and/or INFs against MERS-CoV and SARS-CoV [88,93,94]. Yet, coronavirus proteases, including Mpro, do not have a C2-symmetric protein architecture which is the target of lopinavir and all HIV-1 protease inhibitors. This subsequently sheds doubts on the prospect of HIV-1 aspartate protease inhibitors in treating COVID-19."}