PMC:7463108 / 87586-92237
Annnotations
LitCovid-PD-FMA-UBERON
Id | Subject | Object | Predicate | Lexical cue | fma_id |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
T843 | 30-38 | Body_part | denotes | tyrosine | http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma82768 |
T844 | 157-161 | Body_part | denotes | cell | http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma68646 |
T845 | 277-280 | Body_part | denotes | HIV | http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma278683 |
T846 | 290-294 | Body_part | denotes | cell | http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma68646 |
T847 | 369-380 | Body_part | denotes | lymphocytes | http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma62863 |
T848 | 441-444 | Body_part | denotes | HIV | http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma278683 |
T849 | 703-708 | Body_part | denotes | cells | http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma68646 |
T850 | 826-833 | Body_part | denotes | neurons | http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma54527 |
T851 | 917-920 | Body_part | denotes | HIV | http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma278683 |
T852 | 998-1005 | Body_part | denotes | neurons | http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma54527 |
T853 | 1030-1061 | Body_part | denotes | glial fibrillary acidic protein | http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma63860 |
T854 | 1063-1067 | Body_part | denotes | GFAP | http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma67326|http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma63860 |
T856 | 1092-1102 | Body_part | denotes | astrocytes | http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma54537 |
T857 | 1258-1262 | Body_part | denotes | cell | http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma68646 |
T858 | 1300-1303 | Body_part | denotes | HIV | http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma278683 |
T859 | 1377-1381 | Body_part | denotes | glia | http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma54541 |
T860 | 1416-1420 | Body_part | denotes | glia | http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma54541 |
T861 | 1746-1750 | Body_part | denotes | glia | http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma54541 |
T862 | 1765-1772 | Body_part | denotes | neurons | http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma54527 |
T863 | 2426-2430 | Body_part | denotes | glia | http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma54541 |
T864 | 2514-2518 | Body_part | denotes | glia | http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma54541 |
T865 | 2691-2700 | Body_part | denotes | microglia | http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma68923 |
T866 | 2766-2770 | Body_part | denotes | cell | http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma68646 |
T867 | 2878-2882 | Body_part | denotes | glia | http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma54541 |
T868 | 3066-3070 | Body_part | denotes | glia | http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma54541 |
T869 | 3201-3205 | Body_part | denotes | glia | http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma54541 |
T870 | 4201-4204 | Body_part | denotes | HIV | http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma278683 |
LitCovid-PD-UBERON
Id | Subject | Object | Predicate | Lexical cue | uberon_id |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
T170 | 1274-1279 | Body_part | denotes | scale | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002542 |
LitCovid-PD-CLO
Id | Subject | Object | Predicate | Lexical cue |
---|---|---|---|---|
T907 | 20-29 | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001658 | denotes | activates |
T908 | 55-56 | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001021 | denotes | B |
T909 | 148-161 | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001658 | denotes | activate cell |
T910 | 290-294 | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005623 | denotes | cell |
T911 | 634-638 | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001185 | denotes | 2018 |
T912 | 703-708 | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005623 | denotes | cells |
T913 | 770-771 | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 | denotes | a |
T914 | 1014-1015 | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 | denotes | A |
T915 | 1092-1102 | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000127 | denotes | astrocytes |
T916 | 1157-1158 | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 | denotes | a |
T917 | 1170-1171 | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001021 | denotes | b |
T918 | 1258-1262 | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005623 | denotes | cell |
T919 | 1294-1295 | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 | denotes | a |
T920 | 1296-1297 | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001021 | denotes | b |
T921 | 1546-1550 | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001545 | denotes | a 72 |
T922 | 2263-2267 | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001185 | denotes | 2018 |
T923 | 2691-2700 | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000129 | denotes | microglia |
T924 | 2766-2770 | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005623 | denotes | cell |
T925 | 4279-4288 | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/SO_0000418 | denotes | signaling |
T926 | 4346-4347 | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 | denotes | a |
T927 | 4419-4423 | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001185 | denotes | 2018 |
T928 | 4427-4428 | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 | denotes | a |
T929 | 4429-4430 | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001021 | denotes | b |
T930 | 4547-4551 | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001185 | denotes | 2018 |
LitCovid-PD-CHEBI
Id | Subject | Object | Predicate | Lexical cue | chebi_id |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
T37512 | 30-38 | Chemical | denotes | tyrosine | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_18186 |
T67699 | 309-317 | Chemical | denotes | morphine | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_17303|http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_58097 |
T334 | 599-607 | Chemical | denotes | morphine | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_17303|http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_58097 |
T85477 | 730-738 | Chemical | denotes | morphine | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_17303|http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_58097 |
T68690 | 931-939 | Chemical | denotes | morphine | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_17303|http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_58097 |
T74954 | 1054-1061 | Chemical | denotes | protein | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36080 |
T30670 | 1314-1322 | Chemical | denotes | morphine | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_17303|http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_58097 |
T20723 | 1502-1510 | Chemical | denotes | morphine | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_17303|http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_58097 |
T15211 | 1624-1632 | Chemical | denotes | naloxone | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_7459 |
T22372 | 1650-1658 | Chemical | denotes | morphine | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_17303|http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_58097 |
T96389 | 1900-1908 | Chemical | denotes | morphine | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_17303|http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_58097 |
T350 | 1952-1960 | Chemical | denotes | morphine | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_17303|http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_58097 |
T37556 | 2080-2088 | Chemical | denotes | naloxone | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_7459 |
T353 | 2172-2180 | Chemical | denotes | morphine | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_17303|http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_58097 |
T17637 | 2396-2398 | Chemical | denotes | Co | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_27638 |
T37828 | 2902-2910 | Chemical | denotes | morphine | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_17303|http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_58097 |
T7043 | 3141-3149 | Chemical | denotes | morphine | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_17303|http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_58097 |
T89089 | 3365-3373 | Chemical | denotes | morphine | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_17303|http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_58097 |
T362 | 3634-3642 | Chemical | denotes | morphine | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_17303|http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_58097 |
T6684 | 3750-3758 | Chemical | denotes | morphine | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_17303|http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_58097 |
T61446 | 3896-3904 | Chemical | denotes | morphine | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_17303|http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_58097 |
T49943 | 4006-4014 | Chemical | denotes | morphine | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_17303|http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_58097 |
T370 | 4638-4640 | Chemical | denotes | CC | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_28940 |
LitCovid-PubTator
Id | Subject | Object | Predicate | Lexical cue | tao:has_database_id |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
3108 | 890-894 | Gene | denotes | CCR5 | Gene:1234 |
3109 | 899-903 | Gene | denotes | BDNF | Gene:627 |
3110 | 1030-1061 | Gene | denotes | glial fibrillary acidic protein | Gene:2670 |
3111 | 1063-1067 | Gene | denotes | GFAP | Gene:2670 |
3112 | 1132-1149 | Gene | denotes | μ-opioid receptor | Gene:4988 |
3113 | 1151-1154 | Gene | denotes | MOR | Gene:4988 |
3114 | 1164-1168 | Gene | denotes | CCR5 | Gene:1234 |
3115 | 1306-1309 | Gene | denotes | Tat | Gene:6898 |
3116 | 1356-1360 | Gene | denotes | CCR5 | Gene:1234 |
3117 | 1421-1424 | Gene | denotes | MSN | Gene:4478 |
3118 | 1438-1441 | Gene | denotes | Tat | Gene:6898 |
3119 | 1520-1523 | Gene | denotes | Tat | Gene:6898 |
3120 | 1600-1603 | Gene | denotes | Tat | Gene:6898 |
3121 | 1786-1789 | Gene | denotes | Tat | Gene:6898 |
3122 | 2014-2017 | Gene | denotes | Tat | Gene:6898 |
3123 | 2197-2200 | Gene | denotes | MOR | Gene:4988 |
3124 | 2453-2457 | Gene | denotes | CCR5 | Gene:1234 |
3125 | 2488-2492 | Gene | denotes | CCR5 | Gene:1234 |
3126 | 2524-2528 | Gene | denotes | CCR5 | Gene:1234 |
3127 | 2578-2582 | Gene | denotes | BDNF | Gene:627 |
3128 | 2598-2602 | Gene | denotes | BDNF | Gene:627 |
3129 | 2651-2655 | Gene | denotes | BDNF | Gene:627 |
3130 | 2702-2707 | Gene | denotes | mBDNF | Gene:12064 |
3131 | 2778-2783 | Gene | denotes | mBDNF | Gene:12064 |
3132 | 2792-2796 | Gene | denotes | BDNF | Gene:627 |
3133 | 2896-2899 | Gene | denotes | Tat | Gene:6898 |
3134 | 2943-2947 | Gene | denotes | BDNF | Gene:627 |
3135 | 2952-2957 | Gene | denotes | mBDNF | Gene:12064 |
3136 | 2988-2992 | Gene | denotes | BDNF | Gene:627 |
3137 | 2993-2998 | Gene | denotes | mBDNF | Gene:12064 |
3138 | 3056-3060 | Gene | denotes | CCR5 | Gene:1234 |
3139 | 3178-3182 | Gene | denotes | BDNF | Gene:627 |
3140 | 3275-3279 | Gene | denotes | BDNF | Gene:627 |
3141 | 3280-3285 | Gene | denotes | mBDNF | Gene:12064 |
3142 | 3406-3410 | Gene | denotes | BDNF | Gene:627 |
3143 | 3411-3416 | Gene | denotes | mBDNF | Gene:12064 |
3144 | 3558-3562 | Gene | denotes | CCR5 | Gene:1234 |
3145 | 3584-3589 | Gene | denotes | mBDNF | Gene:12064 |
3146 | 3626-3629 | Gene | denotes | Tat | Gene:6898 |
3147 | 3681-3684 | Gene | denotes | MSN | Gene:4478 |
3148 | 3725-3728 | Gene | denotes | Tat | Gene:6898 |
3149 | 3800-3803 | Gene | denotes | Tat | Gene:6898 |
3150 | 3842-3845 | Gene | denotes | Tat | Gene:6898 |
3151 | 3937-3942 | Gene | denotes | mBDNF | Gene:12064 |
3152 | 3998-4001 | Gene | denotes | Tat | Gene:6898 |
3153 | 4097-4100 | Gene | denotes | Tat | Gene:6898 |
3154 | 4183-4187 | Gene | denotes | CCR5 | Gene:1234 |
3155 | 4297-4300 | Gene | denotes | MOR | Gene:4988 |
3156 | 4315-4319 | Gene | denotes | CCR5 | Gene:1234 |
3157 | 4333-4336 | Gene | denotes | MOR | Gene:4988 |
3158 | 4348-4352 | Gene | denotes | BDNF | Gene:627 |
3159 | 3715-3720 | Gene | denotes | mBDNF | Gene:12064 |
3160 | 2615-2620 | Gene | denotes | mBDNF | Gene:12064 |
3161 | 2029-2032 | Gene | denotes | MSN | Gene:4478 |
3162 | 3742-3745 | Gene | denotes | Tat | Gene:6898 |
3163 | 3357-3360 | Gene | denotes | Tat | Gene:6898 |
3164 | 2104-2107 | Gene | denotes | Tat | Gene:6898 |
3165 | 923-926 | Gene | denotes | Tat | Gene:6898 |
3166 | 917-922 | Species | denotes | HIV-1 | Tax:11676 |
3167 | 1300-1305 | Species | denotes | HIV-1 | Tax:11676 |
3168 | 4201-4206 | Species | denotes | HIV-1 | Tax:11676 |
3169 | 931-939 | Chemical | denotes | morphine | MESH:D009020 |
3170 | 1314-1322 | Chemical | denotes | morphine | MESH:D009020 |
3171 | 1502-1510 | Chemical | denotes | morphine | MESH:D009020 |
3172 | 1624-1632 | Chemical | denotes | naloxone | MESH:D009270 |
3173 | 1638-1646 | Chemical | denotes | Naloxone | MESH:D009270 |
3174 | 1650-1658 | Chemical | denotes | morphine | MESH:D009020 |
3175 | 1900-1908 | Chemical | denotes | morphine | MESH:D009020 |
3176 | 1952-1960 | Chemical | denotes | morphine | MESH:D009020 |
3177 | 2080-2088 | Chemical | denotes | naloxone | MESH:D009270 |
3178 | 2172-2180 | Chemical | denotes | morphine | MESH:D009020 |
3179 | 2902-2910 | Chemical | denotes | morphine | MESH:D009020 |
3180 | 3141-3149 | Chemical | denotes | morphine | MESH:D009020 |
3181 | 3365-3373 | Chemical | denotes | morphine | MESH:D009020 |
3182 | 3634-3642 | Chemical | denotes | morphine | MESH:D009020 |
3183 | 3750-3758 | Chemical | denotes | morphine | MESH:D009020 |
3184 | 3896-3904 | Chemical | denotes | morphine | MESH:D009020 |
3185 | 4006-4014 | Chemical | denotes | morphine | MESH:D009020 |
3186 | 960-972 | Disease | denotes | cytotoxicity | MESH:D064420 |
3187 | 1445-1455 | Disease | denotes | neurotoxic | MESH:D020258 |
3188 | 1532-1540 | Disease | denotes | toxicity | MESH:D064420 |
3189 | 1733-1750 | Disease | denotes | CCR5-deficit glia | MESH:D009461 |
3190 | 1872-1880 | Disease | denotes | toxicity | MESH:D064420 |
3191 | 2108-2116 | Disease | denotes | toxicity | MESH:D064420 |
3192 | 2274-2284 | Disease | denotes | neurotoxic | MESH:D020258 |
3193 | 2302-2321 | Disease | denotes | CCR5-deficient MSNs | MESH:D007153 |
3194 | 2771-2776 | Disease | denotes | death | MESH:D003643 |
3195 | 2857-2882 | Disease | denotes | CCR5-deficient mixed glia | MESH:D060085 |
3196 | 3186-3205 | Disease | denotes | CCR5-deficient glia | MESH:D007153 |
3197 | 3468-3483 | Disease | denotes | CCR5 deficiency | MESH:D007153 |
3198 | 3814-3824 | Disease | denotes | neurotoxic | MESH:D020258 |
3199 | 4015-4023 | Disease | denotes | toxicity | MESH:D064420 |
3200 | 4211-4228 | Disease | denotes | opiate neurotoxic | MESH:D020258 |
3201 | 4252-4267 | Disease | denotes | CCR5 deficiency | MESH:D007153 |
3223 | 7-11 | Gene | denotes | BDNF | Gene:627 |
3224 | 13-18 | Gene | denotes | mBDNF | Gene:12064 |
3225 | 58-62 | Gene | denotes | TrkB | Gene:4915 |
3226 | 111-115 | Gene | denotes | BDNF | Gene:627 |
3227 | 121-125 | Gene | denotes | BDNF | Gene:627 |
3228 | 133-139 | Gene | denotes | p75NTR | Gene:4804 |
3229 | 254-258 | Gene | denotes | BDNF | Gene:627 |
3230 | 350-354 | Gene | denotes | BDNF | Gene:627 |
3231 | 447-452 | Gene | denotes | gp120 | Gene:3700 |
3232 | 488-493 | Gene | denotes | mBDNF | Gene:12064 |
3233 | 548-552 | Gene | denotes | CCR5 | Gene:1234 |
3234 | 593-596 | Gene | denotes | Tat | Gene:6898 |
3235 | 722-725 | Gene | denotes | Tat | Gene:6898 |
3236 | 793-798 | Gene | denotes | mBDNF | Gene:12064 |
3237 | 841-845 | Gene | denotes | CCR5 | Gene:1234 |
3238 | 483-487 | Gene | denotes | BDNF | Gene:627 |
3239 | 441-446 | Species | denotes | HIV-1 | Tax:11676 |
3240 | 730-738 | Chemical | denotes | morphine | MESH:D009020 |
3241 | 162-167 | Disease | denotes | death | MESH:D003643 |
3242 | 277-289 | Disease | denotes | HIV-infected | MESH:D015658 |
3243 | 650-665 | Disease | denotes | CCR5-deficiency | MESH:D007153 |
LitCovid-PD-GO-BP
Id | Subject | Object | Predicate | Lexical cue |
---|---|---|---|---|
T171 | 157-167 | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0008219 | denotes | cell death |
T172 | 1690-1707 | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043524 | denotes | neuronal survival |
T173 | 2755-2776 | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0012501 | denotes | programmed cell death |
T174 | 2766-2776 | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0008219 | denotes | cell death |
T175 | 4279-4288 | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0023052 | denotes | signaling |
T176 | 4389-4406 | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043524 | denotes | neuronal survival |
LitCovid-sentences
Id | Subject | Object | Predicate | Lexical cue |
---|---|---|---|---|
T1158 | 0-177 | Sentence | denotes | Mature BDNF (mBDNF) activates tyrosine receptor kinase B (TrkB) and is neuroprotective, while the precursor to BDNF, pro-BDNF, binds p75NTR and can activate cell death pathways. |
T1159 | 178-334 | Sentence | denotes | Based on findings of significant, reversible reductions in glially produced BDNF after exposure to HIV-infected cell supernatant ± morphine (Masvekar et al. |
T1160 | 335-407 | Sentence | denotes | 2014), altered BDNF processing in lymphocytes from PWH (Avdoshina et al. |
T1161 | 408-467 | Sentence | denotes | 2011), and following exposure to HIV-1 gp120 (Bachis et al. |
T1162 | 468-633 | Sentence | denotes | 2012), the pro-BDNF:mBDNF ratio was analyzed in supernatants from wild-type vs. CCR5-null striatal glial cultures exposed to Tat ± morphine for 6 or 24 h (Kim et al. |
T1163 | 634-649 | Sentence | denotes | 2018) (Fig. 6). |
T1164 | 650-874 | Sentence | denotes | CCR5-deficiency reduced this ratio by over 2-fold in cells treated with Tat and morphine after 6 h (Fig. 6), indicating a relative increase in mBDNF that may partially protect neurons in the CCR5-deficient glial environment. |
T1165 | 875-1013 | Sentence | denotes | Fig. 6 Role of CCR5 and BDNF in mediating HIV-1 Tat and morphine-induced interactive cytotoxicity in striatal medium spiny neurons (MSNs). |
T1166 | 1014-1299 | Sentence | denotes | A proportion of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP)-immunolabeled striatal astrocytes display punctate patterns of μ-opioid receptor (MOR) (a) and CCR5 (b) (43.8 ± 2.4%) immunofluorescence—with some faint immunoreactivity extending into the cell processes; scale bars = 10 μm (a-b). |
T1167 | 1300-1388 | Sentence | denotes | HIV-1 Tat and morphine are no longer toxic to MSNs when CCR5 is deleted from glia (c-f). |
T1168 | 1389-1637 | Sentence | denotes | In C57BL/J wild-type mixed glia-MSN co-cultures, Tat is neurotoxic (*p = 0.001 vs. controls), and co-exposure to morphine enhanced Tat-induced toxicity over a 72-h period (**p < 0.001 vs. controls, p < 0.05 vs. Tat) and antagonized by naloxone (c). |
T1169 | 1638-1712 | Sentence | denotes | Naloxone or morphine by themselves had no effect on neuronal survival (c). |
T1170 | 1713-1937 | Sentence | denotes | In co-cultures with CCR5-deficit glia and wild-type neurons, exposure to Tat by itself is significantly toxic (*p < 0.001 vs. controls); however, the enhanced toxicity seen with combined morphine exposure was eliminated (d). |
T1171 | 1938-2060 | Sentence | denotes | Unexpectedly, morphine co-treatment entirely abolished the toxic effects of Tat, restoring MSN survival to control levels. |
T1172 | 2061-2262 | Sentence | denotes | Pre-treatment with naloxone re-established Tat toxicity, suggesting that the paradoxical protective effects of morphine are mediated by MOR (or perhaps another opioid receptor type) (d) (see Kim et al. |
T1173 | 2263-2269 | Sentence | denotes | 2018). |
T1174 | 2270-2395 | Sentence | denotes | The neurotoxic patterns seen in CCR5-deficient MSNs and wild-type glial co-cultures are similar to wild-type co-cultures (e). |
T1175 | 2396-2523 | Sentence | denotes | Co-cultures in which MSNs and glia are both deficient in CCR5 are similar to those in which CCR5 is only deficient in glia (f). |
T1176 | 2524-2650 | Sentence | denotes | CCR5 deletion alters the expression and processing of BDNF precursor (pro-BDNF) to mature (mBDNF) by mixed-glial cultures (g). |
T1177 | 2651-2965 | Sentence | denotes | BDNF is expressed by both astroglia and microglia; mBDNF is neuroprotective, while pro-BDNF can promote programmed cell death. mBDNF and pro-BDNF levels were analyzed in conditioned media from wild-type or CCR5-deficient mixed glia treated with Tat ± morphine after 6 h or 24 h to assess pro-BDNF and mBDNF levels. |
T1178 | 2966-3131 | Sentence | denotes | The proportion of pro-BDNF/mBDNF levels was significantly higher in wild-type compared to CCR5-null glia at 24 h (lower row; g), suggesting reduced neuronal support. |
T1179 | 3132-3334 | Sentence | denotes | Although morphine significantly decreased pro-BDNF in CCR5-deficient glia at both 6 h and 24 h compared to control levels (not shown), the pro-BDNF/mBDNF ratios were unaltered (upper and lower rows; g). |
T1180 | 3335-3573 | Sentence | denotes | By contrast, combined Tat and morphine significantly decreased the pro-BDNF/mBDNF ratio at 6 h, suggesting transient protection with CCR5 deficiency that was not fully sustained at 24 h (p = 0.17) (*p < 0.05, wild-type vs. CCR5-null) (g). |
T1181 | 3574-3657 | Sentence | denotes | Exogenous mBDNF is neuroprotective against combined Tat and morphine treatment (h). |
T1182 | 3658-3799 | Sentence | denotes | Wild-type, mixed glial-MSN co-cultures were treated with mBDNF and Tat, or combined Tat and morphine (represented by dotted survival curves). |
T1183 | 3800-3920 | Sentence | denotes | Tat alone was neurotoxic (*p < 0.05), and Tat was significantly worsened by co-exposing MSNs to morphine (**p < 0.0001). |
T1184 | 3921-4114 | Sentence | denotes | The addition of mBDNF (50 ng/ml; 72 h) fully protected MSNs against combined Tat and morphine toxicity, but only tended to protect (albeit not significantly) MSNs treated with Tat alone (#)(h). |
T1185 | 4115-4418 | Sentence | denotes | Overall, the results in c-h suggest (1) an important role for glial CCR5 in mediating HIV-1 and opiate neurotoxic interactions, (2) that CCR5 deficiency influences signaling through MOR, and (3) that CCR5 (and perhaps MOR) act via a BDNF intermediary to promote or obstruct neuronal survival (Kim et al. |
T1186 | 4419-4651 | Sentence | denotes | 2018). (a-b) Modified and reprinted with permission from Podhaizer et al. (2012). (c-h) Modified and reprinted from Kim et al. (2018), which is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons CC BY license |
2_test
Id | Subject | Object | Predicate | Lexical cue |
---|---|---|---|---|
32876803-24949623-62958291 | 335-339 | 24949623 | denotes | 2014 |
32876803-21422985-62958292 | 408-412 | 21422985 | denotes | 2011 |
32876803-22787033-62958293 | 468-472 | 22787033 | denotes | 2012 |
32876803-22101471-62958294 | 4494-4498 | 22101471 | denotes | 2012 |