PMC:7454258 / 26100-27570 JSONTXT

{"target":"https://pubannotation.org/docs/sourcedb/PMC/sourceid/7454258","sourcedb":"PMC","sourceid":"7454258","source_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/7454258","text":"Although the general contours of healthy eating patterns have been outlined by important advances in nutrition science, many questions remain unanswered (10). Modern nutrition science is still evolving, with a rapidly growing but still relatively nascent repertoire of research methods, foundational science, and large-scale interventions to investigate and address diet-related diseases. For most of the 20th century, the focus of nutrition research was on isolated vitamins and minerals and their role in clinical nutrient deficiency diseases. This effort led to major accomplishments, such as documenting the role of individual nutrients in diseases such as pellagra (vitamin B-3 deficiency), rickets (vitamin D deficiency), and scurvy (vitamin C deficiency), among others, and then quickly mobilizing innovative technology such as fortification of staple foods, along with well-coordinated policy and programmatic responses, to address these conditions. In comparison, the shift of nutrition science to focus more meaningfully on diet-related chronic diseases, such as heart disease, strokes, cancer, diabetes, obesity, brain health, and autoimmune and inflammatory diseases, is much more recent, largely begun only since the 1980s. In this short period, important knowledge has been gained. Yet, the investment and pace of progress have been insufficient to address the burgeoning rates of diet-related illness and the associated societal and economic 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