PMC:7386785 / 57262-58494 JSONTXT

{"project":"LitCovid-PD-FMA-UBERON","denotations":[{"id":"T54","span":{"begin":65,"end":71},"obj":"Body_part"},{"id":"T55","span":{"begin":76,"end":82},"obj":"Body_part"}],"attributes":[{"id":"A54","pred":"fma_id","subj":"T54","obj":"http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma228738"},{"id":"A55","pred":"fma_id","subj":"T55","obj":"http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma312401"}],"text":"Strikingly, most of the respiratory symptoms such as cough, sore throat and sputum production are below the diagonal in ROC space (Figure 8). The diagonal line in ROC space is where sensitivity equals 1‐specificity, meaning a test that is on the diagonal line has a positive likelihood ratio of 1 and is therefore not diagnostic because disease probability is left unchanged after conducting the test. Tests that lie below the diagonal line have a positive likelihood ratio that is smaller than 1, meaning the probability of COVID‐19 disease decreases when this test is positive. For example, in Sun 2020a, pretest probability of COVID‐19 is 6.9%; probability decreases to 6.4% when the patient has a cough and increases to 8.0% when the patient does not have a cough. We hypothesise on the reason for this counterintuitive finding in the discussion section. In contrast to respiratory features, systemic features are mostly above the diagonal line (Figure 9), suggesting that they do increase the probability of COVID‐19 when present. Gastrointestinal symptoms and cardiovascular features are clustered in the bottom left corner or on the diagonal line suggesting that they have very little diagnostic value (Figure 10; Figure 11)."}

{"project":"LitCovid-PD-UBERON","denotations":[{"id":"T37","span":{"begin":65,"end":71},"obj":"Body_part"},{"id":"T38","span":{"begin":76,"end":82},"obj":"Body_part"}],"attributes":[{"id":"A37","pred":"uberon_id","subj":"T37","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000341"},{"id":"A38","pred":"uberon_id","subj":"T38","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007311"}],"text":"Strikingly, most of the respiratory symptoms such as cough, sore throat and sputum production are below the diagonal in ROC space (Figure 8). The diagonal line in ROC space is where sensitivity equals 1‐specificity, meaning a test that is on the diagonal line has a positive likelihood ratio of 1 and is therefore not diagnostic because disease probability is left unchanged after conducting the test. Tests that lie below the diagonal line have a positive likelihood ratio that is smaller than 1, meaning the probability of COVID‐19 disease decreases when this test is positive. For example, in Sun 2020a, pretest probability of COVID‐19 is 6.9%; probability decreases to 6.4% when the patient has a cough and increases to 8.0% when the patient does not have a cough. We hypothesise on the reason for this counterintuitive finding in the discussion section. In contrast to respiratory features, systemic features are mostly above the diagonal line (Figure 9), suggesting that they do increase the probability of COVID‐19 when present. Gastrointestinal symptoms and cardiovascular features are clustered in the bottom left corner or on the diagonal line suggesting that they have very little diagnostic value (Figure 10; Figure 11)."}

{"project":"LitCovid-PD-MONDO","denotations":[{"id":"T244","span":{"begin":60,"end":71},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"T245","span":{"begin":525,"end":533},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"T246","span":{"begin":630,"end":638},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"T247","span":{"begin":1013,"end":1021},"obj":"Disease"}],"attributes":[{"id":"A244","pred":"mondo_id","subj":"T244","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0002258"},{"id":"A245","pred":"mondo_id","subj":"T245","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096"},{"id":"A246","pred":"mondo_id","subj":"T246","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096"},{"id":"A247","pred":"mondo_id","subj":"T247","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096"}],"text":"Strikingly, most of the respiratory symptoms such as cough, sore throat and sputum production are below the diagonal in ROC space (Figure 8). The diagonal line in ROC space is where sensitivity equals 1‐specificity, meaning a test that is on the diagonal line has a positive likelihood ratio of 1 and is therefore not diagnostic because disease probability is left unchanged after conducting the test. Tests that lie below the diagonal line have a positive likelihood ratio that is smaller than 1, meaning the probability of COVID‐19 disease decreases when this test is positive. For example, in Sun 2020a, pretest probability of COVID‐19 is 6.9%; probability decreases to 6.4% when the patient has a cough and increases to 8.0% when the patient does not have a cough. We hypothesise on the reason for this counterintuitive finding in the discussion section. In contrast to respiratory features, systemic features are mostly above the diagonal line (Figure 9), suggesting that they do increase the probability of COVID‐19 when present. Gastrointestinal symptoms and cardiovascular features are clustered in the bottom left corner or on the diagonal line suggesting that they have very little diagnostic value (Figure 10; Figure 11)."}

{"project":"LitCovid-PD-CLO","denotations":[{"id":"T369","span":{"begin":224,"end":225},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020"},{"id":"T370","span":{"begin":226,"end":230},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000473"},{"id":"T371","span":{"begin":260,"end":263},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0051582"},{"id":"T73125","span":{"begin":264,"end":265},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020"},{"id":"T373","span":{"begin":396,"end":400},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000473"},{"id":"T374","span":{"begin":402,"end":407},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000473"},{"id":"T375","span":{"begin":446,"end":447},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020"},{"id":"T376","span":{"begin":562,"end":569},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000473"},{"id":"T377","span":{"begin":695,"end":698},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0051582"},{"id":"T378","span":{"begin":699,"end":700},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020"},{"id":"T379","span":{"begin":760,"end":761},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020"},{"id":"T380","span":{"begin":1228,"end":1230},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0053733"}],"text":"Strikingly, most of the respiratory symptoms such as cough, sore throat and sputum production are below the diagonal in ROC space (Figure 8). The diagonal line in ROC space is where sensitivity equals 1‐specificity, meaning a test that is on the diagonal line has a positive likelihood ratio of 1 and is therefore not diagnostic because disease probability is left unchanged after conducting the test. Tests that lie below the diagonal line have a positive likelihood ratio that is smaller than 1, meaning the probability of COVID‐19 disease decreases when this test is positive. For example, in Sun 2020a, pretest probability of COVID‐19 is 6.9%; probability decreases to 6.4% when the patient has a cough and increases to 8.0% when the patient does not have a cough. We hypothesise on the reason for this counterintuitive finding in the discussion section. In contrast to respiratory features, systemic features are mostly above the diagonal line (Figure 9), suggesting that they do increase the probability of COVID‐19 when present. Gastrointestinal symptoms and cardiovascular features are clustered in the bottom left corner or on the diagonal line suggesting that they have very little diagnostic value (Figure 10; Figure 11)."}

{"project":"LitCovid-PD-HP","denotations":[{"id":"T147","span":{"begin":53,"end":58},"obj":"Phenotype"},{"id":"T148","span":{"begin":60,"end":71},"obj":"Phenotype"},{"id":"T149","span":{"begin":701,"end":706},"obj":"Phenotype"},{"id":"T150","span":{"begin":762,"end":767},"obj":"Phenotype"}],"attributes":[{"id":"A147","pred":"hp_id","subj":"T147","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0012735"},{"id":"A148","pred":"hp_id","subj":"T148","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0033050"},{"id":"A149","pred":"hp_id","subj":"T149","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0012735"},{"id":"A150","pred":"hp_id","subj":"T150","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0012735"}],"text":"Strikingly, most of the respiratory symptoms such as cough, sore throat and sputum production are below the diagonal in ROC space (Figure 8). The diagonal line in ROC space is where sensitivity equals 1‐specificity, meaning a test that is on the diagonal line has a positive likelihood ratio of 1 and is therefore not diagnostic because disease probability is left unchanged after conducting the test. Tests that lie below the diagonal line have a positive likelihood ratio that is smaller than 1, meaning the probability of COVID‐19 disease decreases when this test is positive. For example, in Sun 2020a, pretest probability of COVID‐19 is 6.9%; probability decreases to 6.4% when the patient has a cough and increases to 8.0% when the patient does not have a cough. We hypothesise on the reason for this counterintuitive finding in the discussion section. In contrast to respiratory features, systemic features are mostly above the diagonal line (Figure 9), suggesting that they do increase the probability of COVID‐19 when present. Gastrointestinal symptoms and cardiovascular features are clustered in the bottom left corner or on the diagonal line suggesting that they have very little diagnostic value (Figure 10; Figure 11)."}

{"project":"LitCovid-sentences","denotations":[{"id":"T517","span":{"begin":0,"end":141},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T518","span":{"begin":142,"end":401},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T519","span":{"begin":402,"end":579},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T520","span":{"begin":580,"end":768},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T521","span":{"begin":769,"end":858},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T522","span":{"begin":859,"end":1035},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T523","span":{"begin":1036,"end":1232},"obj":"Sentence"}],"namespaces":[{"prefix":"_base","uri":"http://pubannotation.org/ontology/tao.owl#"}],"text":"Strikingly, most of the respiratory symptoms such as cough, sore throat and sputum production are below the diagonal in ROC space (Figure 8). The diagonal line in ROC space is where sensitivity equals 1‐specificity, meaning a test that is on the diagonal line has a positive likelihood ratio of 1 and is therefore not diagnostic because disease probability is left unchanged after conducting the test. Tests that lie below the diagonal line have a positive likelihood ratio that is smaller than 1, meaning the probability of COVID‐19 disease decreases when this test is positive. For example, in Sun 2020a, pretest probability of COVID‐19 is 6.9%; probability decreases to 6.4% when the patient has a cough and increases to 8.0% when the patient does not have a cough. We hypothesise on the reason for this counterintuitive finding in the discussion section. In contrast to respiratory features, systemic features are mostly above the diagonal line (Figure 9), suggesting that they do increase the probability of COVID‐19 when present. Gastrointestinal symptoms and cardiovascular features are clustered in the bottom left corner or on the diagonal line suggesting that they have very little diagnostic value (Figure 10; Figure 11)."}

{"project":"LitCovid-PubTator","denotations":[{"id":"991","span":{"begin":687,"end":694},"obj":"Species"},{"id":"992","span":{"begin":738,"end":745},"obj":"Species"},{"id":"993","span":{"begin":24,"end":44},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"994","span":{"begin":53,"end":58},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"995","span":{"begin":60,"end":71},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"996","span":{"begin":525,"end":533},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"997","span":{"begin":630,"end":638},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"998","span":{"begin":701,"end":706},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"999","span":{"begin":762,"end":767},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"1000","span":{"begin":1013,"end":1021},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"1001","span":{"begin":1036,"end":1061},"obj":"Disease"}],"attributes":[{"id":"A991","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"991","obj":"Tax:9606"},{"id":"A992","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"992","obj":"Tax:9606"},{"id":"A993","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"993","obj":"MESH:D012818"},{"id":"A994","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"994","obj":"MESH:D003371"},{"id":"A995","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"995","obj":"MESH:D010608"},{"id":"A996","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"996","obj":"MESH:C000657245"},{"id":"A997","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"997","obj":"MESH:C000657245"},{"id":"A998","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"998","obj":"MESH:D003371"},{"id":"A999","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"999","obj":"MESH:D003371"},{"id":"A1000","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"1000","obj":"MESH:C000657245"},{"id":"A1001","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"1001","obj":"MESH:D012817"}],"namespaces":[{"prefix":"Tax","uri":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/taxonomy/"},{"prefix":"MESH","uri":"https://id.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/"},{"prefix":"Gene","uri":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/"},{"prefix":"CVCL","uri":"https://web.expasy.org/cellosaurus/CVCL_"}],"text":"Strikingly, most of the respiratory symptoms such as cough, sore throat and sputum production are below the diagonal in ROC space (Figure 8). The diagonal line in ROC space is where sensitivity equals 1‐specificity, meaning a test that is on the diagonal line has a positive likelihood ratio of 1 and is therefore not diagnostic because disease probability is left unchanged after conducting the test. Tests that lie below the diagonal line have a positive likelihood ratio that is smaller than 1, meaning the probability of COVID‐19 disease decreases when this test is positive. For example, in Sun 2020a, pretest probability of COVID‐19 is 6.9%; probability decreases to 6.4% when the patient has a cough and increases to 8.0% when the patient does not have a cough. We hypothesise on the reason for this counterintuitive finding in the discussion section. In contrast to respiratory features, systemic features are mostly above the diagonal line (Figure 9), suggesting that they do increase the probability of COVID‐19 when present. Gastrointestinal symptoms and cardiovascular features are clustered in the bottom left corner or on the diagonal line suggesting that they have very little diagnostic value (Figure 10; Figure 11)."}